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Objetivo: o objetivo desse trabalho foi de identificar se o desmame precoce é capaz de ocasionar alterações morfológicas no tecido gástrico de ratos wistar. Método: Foram dividimos os filhotes de ratos em dois grupos, Grupo Desmame (n=6) e Grupo Controle (n=6). O Grupo Desmame foi desmamado no 15°dia de vida por separação materna, enquanto o Grupo Controle permaneceu com suas mães amamentando. Com 90 dias, os grupos foram submetidos a eutanásia e em seguida a retirada do estômago para o processamento histológico. As lâminas foram fotomicrografadas e analisadas. Resultado: Os dados mostraram que o desmame precoce aumenta a área da mucosa, aumentando assim a área das glândulas e da muscular da mucosa, com isso aumenta também a acidez estomacal. Também observamos que o desmame diminuiu a área da muscular longitudinal e submucosa, fazendo com que o organismo sofra adaptações para o funcionamento. Mostrando assim os riscos que o desmame precoce pode ocasionar a saúde.

The objective of this work was to study the effect of early weaning on alimentary preference for the macronutrients protein, carbohydrate and fat in adult rats. Male Wistar rat pups were weaned by separation from the mother at 15 (D15) or 30 (D30) days old. Body weight and food intake were measured every 30 days until pups were 150 days old. At 110 days of age, the alimentary preference was evaluated for 1 h on 3 consecutive days. At 120 days of age, the palatable diet test was conducted during 3 consecutive 24-h periods. Body weight and food intake were not altered, but early weaning in rats induced an alimentary preference to fat and hyperphagia of a palatable diet. In conclusion, early weaning, although did not modify body weight or basal food intake, promoted an increased preference for palatable and fatty foods. This demonstrates that early weaning is not capable of promoting perceptible alterations of alimentary behavior under normal laboratory conditions. However, in the presence of a stimulating factor such as a choice of nutrients or a palatable diet, a possible latent effect on dietary preferences may become apparent. Over the long term, this preference for foods with high caloric density can lead to obesity and metabolic perturbations.

Protein malnutrition during the perinatal period leads to several morphological and physiological changes in the central nervous system whose main purpose is to prepare the body for environmental conditions. Several studies have been developed to explain the effects that malnutrition causes over feeding behavior in adults, and in particular on the role of the serotonergic system in this control. Thus, the objective of this systematic review was to assess emerging literature on the effects of perinatal malnutrition on the control of feeding behavior and the role of the serotonergic system in this control. The articles were researched in the virtual libraries Pubmed, Lilacs and Medline using as keywords: "Protein Malnutrition", "Feeding Behavior", "Serotonin Receptors", "Gestational malnutrition", "Perinatal undernutrition", "Fetal Nutrition Disorders" and "Serotonin". 261 articles in total were found. However, after excluding duplicates and analysis of the criteria for inclusion and exclusion 8 articles remained. Analysis of the articles showed that malnutrition in the perinatal period leads to changes in food preference in rats, in addition to delaying the point of satiety of these animals. It was also found that there is increased protein expression of c-fos groups forebrain neurons, increased expression of 5HT-1A receptors and increase in brain serotonin levels. These findings suggest that changes in eating behavior in malnourished animals can be brought about due to changes in the serotonergic system.

The objective of this work was to study the effect of early weaning on circadian rhythm and the behavioral satiety sequence in adult rats. Male Wistar rat pups were weaned for separation from the mother at 15 (D15), 21 (D21) and 30 (D30) days old. Body weight and food intake was measured every 30 days until pups were 150 days old. At 90 days of age, the circadian rhythm of food intake was evaluated every 4h for three days. Behavioral satiety was evaluated at 35 and 100 days of age. This work demonstrated that body weight and food intake were not altered, but the behavioral satiety sequence demonstrated that the D15 group delayed satiety compared with the D30 group at 100 days of age. In the circadian rhythm of the food intake study, early weaning (D15) changed food intake in the intermediary period of the light phase and in the intermediary period of the dark phase. In conclusion, our study showed that early weaning may alter the feeding behavior mainly in relation to satiety and the circadian rhythm of feeding. It is possible that the presence of other environmental stimuli during early weaning can cause hyperphagia and deregulate the mechanisms of homeostasis and body weight control. This study supports theories that depict insults during early life as determinants of chronic diseases.