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1,196 results on '"UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL"'

1. [The double helix model of DNA: Its impact on biology and medicine 70 years after its initial publication].

Author

Valdés-López V and Moreno-Rodríguez J

Subjects
Humans, Anniversaries and Special Events, Knowledge, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Biology, DNA chemistry, Medicine
Abstract

The 70th anniversary of the publication of the double helix model for the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid has oppened the opportunity for reflections and to debate the specific role of each of the original protagonists. Here we review how this discovery has lead to our current medical knowledge and practice, and discuss what we think were the actual contributions of each of these scientists., (Licencia CC 4.0 (BY-NC-ND) © 2023 Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.)

Published
2023
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2. The IV International Symposium on Fungal Stress and the XIII International Fungal Biology Conference.

Author

Alder-Rangel A, Bailão AM, Herrera-Estrella A, Rangel AEA, Gácser A, Gasch AP, Campos CBL, Peters C, Camelim F, Verde F, Gadd GM, Braus G, Eisermann I, Quinn J, Latgé JP, Aguirre J, Bennett JW, Heitman J, Nosanchuk JD, Partida-Martínez LP, Bassilana M, Acheampong MA, Riquelme M, Feldbrügge M, Keller NP, Keyhani NO, Gunde-Cimerman N, Nascimento R, Arkowitz RA, Mouriño-Pérez RR, Naz SA, Avery SV, Basso TO, Terpitz U, Lin X, and Rangel DEN

Subjects
Brazil, France, Spain, Mexico, Biology
Abstract

For the first time, the International Symposium on Fungal Stress was joined by the XIII International Fungal Biology Conference. The International Symposium on Fungal Stress (ISFUS), always held in Brazil, is now in its fourth edition, as an event of recognized quality in the international community of mycological research. The event held in São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil, in September 2022, featured 33 renowned speakers from 12 countries, including: Austria, Brazil, France, Germany, Ghana, Hungary, México, Pakistan, Spain, Slovenia, USA, and UK. In addition to the scientific contribution of the event in bringing together national and international researchers and their work in a strategic area, it helps maintain and strengthen international cooperation for scientific development in Brazil., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The manuscript has been prepared in accordance with the formatting guidelines for Fungal Biology. The work is not under consideration for publication in any form elsewhere. The manuscript does not infringe any personal or other copyright or property rights and has been approved for publication by all authors. All authors declare that they have no conflicting interests., (Copyright © 2023 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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3. Focus on RNA biology.

Author

Eckardt NA, Axtell MJ, Barta A, Chen X, Gregory BD, Guo H, Manavella PA, Mosher RA, and Meyers BC

Subjects
Biology
Abstract

Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. None declared.

Published
2023
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4. A set of principles and practical suggestions for equitable fieldwork in biology.

Author

Ramírez-Castañeda V, Westeen EP, Frederick J, Amini S, Wait DR, Achmadi AS, Andayani N, Arida E, Arifin U, Bernal MA, Bonaccorso E, Bonachita Sanguila M, Brown RM, Che J, Condori FP, Hartiningtias D, Hiller AE, Iskandar DT, Jiménez RA, Khelifa R, Márquez R, Martínez-Fonseca JG, Parra JL, Peñalba JV, Pinto-García L, Razafindratsima OH, Ron SR, Souza S, Supriatna J, Bowie RCK, Cicero C, McGuire JA, and Tarvin RD

Subjects
Humans, Bioethical Issues, Biology ethics
Abstract

Field biology is an area of research that involves working directly with living organisms in situ through a practice known as "fieldwork." Conducting fieldwork often requires complex logistical planning within multiregional or multinational teams, interacting with local communities at field sites, and collaborative research led by one or a few of the core team members. However, existing power imbalances stemming from geopolitical history, discrimination, and professional position, among other factors, perpetuate inequities when conducting these research endeavors. After reflecting on our own research programs, we propose four general principles to guide equitable, inclusive, ethical, and safe practices in field biology: be collaborative, be respectful, be legal, and be safe. Although many biologists already structure their field programs around these principles or similar values, executing equitable research practices can prove challenging and requires careful consideration, especially by those in positions with relatively greater privilege. Based on experiences and input from a diverse group of global collaborators, we provide suggestions for action-oriented approaches to make field biology more equitable, with particular attention to how those with greater privilege can contribute. While we acknowledge that not all suggestions will be applicable to every institution or program, we hope that they will generate discussions and provide a baseline for training in proactive, equitable fieldwork practices.

Published
2022
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6. A Systematic Approach to Agastache mexicana Research: Biology, Agronomy, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity.

Author

Palma-Tenango M, Sánchez-Fernández RE, and Soto-Hernández M

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Mexico, Phytotherapy, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Leaves chemistry, Agastache chemistry, Agriculture, Anti-Inflammatory Agents pharmacology, Biology standards, Inflorescence drug effects, Phytochemicals chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology
Abstract

Mexico is the center of origin of the species popularly known as toronjil or lemon balm ( Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling). Two subspecies have been identified and are commonly called purple or red ( Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling subspecies. mexicana) and white ( Agastache mexicana subspecies xolocotziana Bye, E.L. Linares & Ramamoorthy). Plants from these subspecies differ in the size and form of inflorescence and leaves. They also possess differences in their chemical compositions, including volatile compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine employs both subspecies. A. mexicana exhibits a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antioxidant. A systematic vision of these plant's properties is discussed in this review, exposing its significant potential as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review provides an understanding of the elements that make up the species' holistic system to benefit from lemon balm sustainably.

Published
2021
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7. Croizat's dangerous ideas: practices, prejudices, and politics in contemporary biogeography.

Author

Morrone JJ

Subjects
Biology methods, Biology standards, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Animal Distribution, Biology history, Plant Dispersal
Abstract

The biogeographic contributions of Léon Croizat (1894-1982) and the conflictive relationships with his intellectual descendants and critics are analysed. Croizat's panbiogeography assumed that vicariance is the most important biogeographic process and that dispersal does not contribute to biogeographic patterns. Dispersalist biogeographers criticized or avoided mentioning panbiogeography, especially in the context of the "hardening" of the Modern Synthesis. Researchers at the American Museum of Natural History associated panbiogeography with Hennig's phylogenetic systematics, creating cladistic biogeography. On the other hand, a group of New Zealand biologists formalized Croizat's original concepts and soon began arguing with cladistic biogeographers over the relative merits of their approaches. In Latin America, panbiogeography and cladistic biogeography were incorporated as parts of an integrative approach. A recent development, molecular panbiogeography, is based on the use of molecular phylogenetic data. The current practice shows that some authors insist on considering panbiogeography as the only appropriate approach and vicariance as the only relevant process, whereas others accept Croizat's dictum "Earth and life evolve together" as a useful guide to understanding broad, general patterns, but recognize that dispersal also contributes substantially to biotic assembly. The framework of integrative pluralism allows to explain the complexities of the biogeographic processes involved in biotic assembly without the need of unification on a large scale. This historical analysis intersects with the existing historiography of the Modern Synthesis and may provide some insights on the dynamics of integrative pluralism, which may be especially relevant in the current development of the Extended Synthesis.

Published
2021
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8. 'Ethnobiological equivocation' and other misunderstandings in the interpretation of natures.

Author

Furlan V, Jiménez-Escobar ND, Zamudio F, and Medrano C

Subjects
Argentina, Anthropology, Cultural, Biology, Knowledge
Abstract

In this contribution we seek to enrich the theoretical and methodological approaches of ethnobiology. The essay takes elements of Amerindian anthropology, classical ethnobiological studies and the freedoms provided by feminist philosophers to open up reflection. The central background of the essay is the method of "controlled equivocation" proposed by Viveiros de Castro (2004). We present a series of five ethnobiological equivocations ranging from the categorical equivocal, going through the subtle equivocal to the strictly ontological ones. The cases occurred in different territories of Argentina, including a case in an academic context. Through the fieldwork cases, we give an account of the origin of equivocations, the context for their emergence, which are the disciplinary nuances that cause them and even some academics' preconceptions. To inhabit the equivocation allows opening the possibilities of coexistence among people -and their respective worlds-, especially if these people are in different power positions. We propose the method of controlled equivocation as a theoretical-discursive tool, which permits us to rethink the current concepts of ethnobiology. Thus, we want to broaden the current definition of ethnobiology understood as a dialogue from different scientific points of view., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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9. Mapping styles of ethnobiological thinking in North and Latin America: Different kinds of integration between biology, anthropology, and TEK.

Author

Villagómez-Reséndiz R

Subjects
Latin America, North America, Thinking, Anthropology, Cultural methods, Biology methods, Knowledge
Abstract

Ethnobiology has emerged as an important transdisciplinary field that addresses the epistemic and political value of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) through an integration of biological and social sciences. In North and Latin America, ethnobiology encompasses a diversity of approaches towards TEK but there is no consensus on how TEK relates to biological and anthropological research. The aim of this article is to develop an account that helps to map integration strategies in ethnobiological approaches in North and Latin America that jointly embrace biology, anthropology, and TEK. Borrowing the notion of 'styles of reasoning' and the framework of integrative pluralism from philosophy of science, we argue that ethnobiologists across the Americas have developed heterogeneous research programs. At the same time, we argue that these styles of reasoning tend to converge in prioritizing biological perspectives and are often limited in their understandings of cultural practices due to a lack of substantive ethnographic methods., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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10. Reshaping the future of ethnobiology research after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Vandebroek I, Pieroni A, Stepp JR, Hanazaki N, Ladio A, Alves RRN, Picking D, Delgoda R, Maroyi A, van Andel T, Quave CL, Paniagua-Zambrana NY, Bussmann RW, Odonne G, Abbasi AM, Albuquerque UP, Baker J, Kutz S, Timsina S, Shigeta M, Oliveira TPR, Hurrell JA, Arenas PM, Puentes JP, Hugé J, Yeşil Y, Pierre LJ, Olango TM, and Dahdouh-Guebas F

Subjects
COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections epidemiology, Coronavirus Infections virology, Ethnicity, Global Health, Humans, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology, Pneumonia, Viral virology, SARS-CoV-2, Betacoronavirus physiology, Biology trends, Coronavirus Infections ethnology, Ethnology trends, Pneumonia, Viral ethnology
Published
2020
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11. A case of envenomation by the false fer-de-lance snake Leptodeira annulata (Linnaeus, 1758) in the department of La Guajira, Colombia.

Author

Angarita-Sierra T, Montañez-Méndez A, Toro-Sánchez T, and Rodríguez-Vargas A

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Colombia epidemiology, Crotalid Venoms poisoning, Edema etiology, Female, Humans, Hypesthesia etiology, Hypotension chemically induced, Pain etiology, Biology, Bothrops physiology, Finger Injuries etiology, Occupational Diseases etiology, Snake Bites epidemiology, Snake Bites etiology
Abstract

Envenomations by colubrid snakes in Colombia are poorly known, consequently, the clinical relevance of these species in snakebite accidents has been historically underestimated. Herein, we report the first case of envenomation by opisthoglyphous snakes in Colombia occurred under fieldwork conditions at the municipality of Distracción, in the department of La Guajira. A female biologist was bitten on the index finger knuckle of her right hand when she tried to handle a false fer-de-lance snake (Leptodeira annulata). Ten minutes after the snakebite, the patient started to have symptoms of mild local envenomation such as edema, itching, and pain in the wound. After 40 minutes, the edema reached its maximum extension covering the dorsal surface of the right hand and causing complete loss of mobility. The clinical treatment focused on pain and swelling control. No laboratory tests were performed. The patient showed good progress with the total regression of the edema 120 hours after the snake-bite accident and complete recovery of the movement of the limb in one week. Venomous bites of "non-venomous snakes" (opisthoglyphous colubrid snakes) must be considered as a significant public health problem because patients lose their work capability during hours or even days and they are forced to seek medical assistance to treat the envenomation manifestations.

Published
2020
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13. Development of an Item Bank for the Assessment of Knowledge on Biology in Argentine University Students.

Author

Cupani M, Zamparella TC, Piumatti G, and Vinculado G

Subjects
Adult, Argentina, Female, Humans, Male, Students, Young Adult, Biology education, Databases, Factual, Educational Measurement methods, Universities
Abstract

The calibration of item banks provides the basis for computerized adaptive testing that ensures high diagnostic precision and minimizes participants' test burden. This study aims to develop a bank of items to measure the level of Knowledge on Biology using the Rasch model. The sample consisted of 1219 participants that studied in different faculties of the National University of Cordoba (mean age = 21.85 years, SD = 4.66; 66.9% are women). The items were organized in different forms and into separate subtests, with some common items across subtests. The students were told they had to answer 60 questions of knowledge on biology. Evaluation of Rasch model fit (Zstd >|2.0|), differential item functioning, dimensionality, local independence, item and person separation (>2.0), and reliability (>.80) resulted in a bank of 180 items with good psychometric properties. The bank provides items with a wide range of content coverage and may serve as a sound basis for computerized adaptive testing applications. The contribution of this work is significant in the field of educational assessment in Argentina.

Published
2017

14. Historical development of origins research.

Author

Lazcano A

Subjects
History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Biological Evolution, Biology history, Origin of Life
Abstract

Following the publication of the Origin of Species in 1859, many naturalists adopted the idea that living organisms were the historical outcome of gradual transformation of lifeless matter. These views soon merged with the developments of biochemistry and cell biology and led to proposals in which the origin of protoplasm was equated with the origin of life. The heterotrophic origin of life proposed by Oparin and Haldane in the 1920s was part of this tradition, which Oparin enriched by transforming the discussion of the emergence of the first cells into a workable multidisciplinary research program. On the other hand, the scientific trend toward understanding biological phenomena at the molecular level led authors like Troland, Muller, and others to propose that single molecules or viruses represented primordial living systems. The contrast between these opposing views on the origin of life represents not only contrasting views of the nature of life itself, but also major ideological discussions that reached a surprising intensity in the years following Stanley Miller's seminal result which showed the ease with which organic compounds of biochemical significance could be synthesized under putative primitive conditions. In fact, during the years following the Miller experiment, attempts to understand the origin of life were strongly influenced by research on DNA replication and protein biosynthesis, and, in socio-political terms, by the atmosphere created by Cold War tensions. The catalytic versatility of RNA molecules clearly merits a critical reappraisal of Muller's viewpoint. However, the discovery of ribozymes does not imply that autocatalytic nucleic acid molecules ready to be used as primordial genes were floating in the primitive oceans, or that the RNA world emerged completely assembled from simple precursors present in the prebiotic soup. The evidence supporting the presence of a wide range of organic molecules on the primitive Earth, including membrane-forming compounds, suggests that the evolution of membrane-bounded molecular systems preceded cellular life on our planet, and that life is the evolutionary outcome of a process, not of a single, fortuitous event.

Published
2010
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15. Magnetobiology: a historical view.

Author

Valentinuzzi ME

Subjects
Biology instrumentation, Biology methods, Electrophysiology instrumentation, Electrophysiology methods, Europe, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Humans, Magnetics therapeutic use, United States, Biology history, Electrophysiology history, Magnetics history
Published
2004
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16. Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails

Author

Anton M. Potapov, Carlos A. Guerra, Johan van den Hoogen, Anatoly Babenko, Bruno C. Bellini, Matty P. Berg, Steven L. Chown, Louis Deharveng, Ľubomír Kováč, Natalia A. Kuznetsova, Jean-François Ponge, Mikhail B. Potapov, David J. Russell, Douglas Alexandre, Juha M. Alatalo, Javier I. Arbea, Ipsa Bandyopadhyaya, Verónica Bernava, Stef Bokhorst, Thomas Bolger, Gabriela Castaño-Meneses, Matthieu Chauvat, Ting-Wen Chen, Mathilde Chomel, Aimee T. Classen, Jerome Cortet, Peter Čuchta, Ana Manuela de la Pedrosa, Susana S. D. Ferreira, Cristina Fiera, Juliane Filser, Oscar Franken, Saori Fujii, Essivi Gagnon Koudji, Meixiang Gao, Benoit Gendreau-Berthiaume, Diego F. Gomez-Pamies, Michelle Greve, I. Tanya Handa, Charlène Heiniger, Martin Holmstrup, Pablo Homet, Mari Ivask, Charlene Janion-Scheepers, Malte Jochum, Sophie Joimel, Bruna Claudia S. Jorge, Edite Jucevica, Olga Ferlian, Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho, Osmar Klauberg-Filho, Dilmar Baretta, Eveline J. Krab, Annely Kuu, Estevam C. A. de Lima, Dunmei Lin, Zoe Lindo, Amy Liu, Jing-Zhong Lu, María José Luciañez, Michael T. Marx, Matthew A. McCary, Maria A. Minor, Taizo Nakamori, Ilaria Negri, Raúl Ochoa-Hueso, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Melanie M. Pollierer, Pascal Querner, Natália Raschmanová, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Laura J. Raymond-Léonard, Laurent Rousseau, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Sandrine Salmon, Emma J. Sayer, Nicole Scheunemann, Cornelia Scholz, Julia Seeber, Yulia B. Shveenkova, Sophya K. Stebaeva, Maria Sterzynska, Xin Sun, Winda I. Susanti, Anastasia A. Taskaeva, Madhav P. Thakur, Maria A. Tsiafouli, Matthew S. Turnbull, Mthokozisi N. Twala, Alexei V. Uvarov, Lisa A. Venier, Lina A. Widenfalk, Bruna R. Winck, Daniel Winkler, Donghui Wu, Zhijing Xie, Rui Yin, Douglas Zeppelini, Thomas W. Crowther, Nico Eisenhauer, Stefan Scheu, Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Environmental Systems Science [ETH Zürich] (D-USYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Botany and Zoology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRGS), Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Community and Conservation Ecology Group [Groningen], Université de Groningen, Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia, Institute of Biology and Chemistry, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Soil Zoology, Senckenberg Society for Nature Research, Görlitz, Germany, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDUESC Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil (UDUESC), Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, Department of Sciences, CEPA Camargo, Astillero, Spain, Visva Bharati University, Bengal, India, Administración de Parques Nacionales, San Antonio, Argentina, School of Biology and Environmental Science - University College of Dublin, University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México, Etude et Compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institute of Entomology [České Budějovice] (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences (BIOLOGY CENTRE CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS)-Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), FiBL France, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Zoology, The University of Michigan Research Museums Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2228, USA, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Departmento de Biología Zoología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, Department of General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, University of Bremen, Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Department of Coastal Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, ‘t Horntje, the Netherlands, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Ningbo University (NBU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HEdS-Ge / HES-SO), Section of Terrestrial Ecology, Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Tallinn University of Technology, Tartu College, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, Department of Entomology, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia, Department of Soil Science, Centre for Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC-Lages), Lages, SC, Brazil, Department of Animal Science, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC Oeste), Chapecó, SC, Brazil, Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC), Umeå University, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, University of Western Ontario (UWO), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Rice University [Houston], Wildlife and Ecology Group [New Zealand], Massey University, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan, Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VE.S.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy, University of Cadiz, Netherlands Institute of Ecology - NIOO-KNAW (NETHERLANDS), Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria México, Natural History Museum [Vienna] (NHM), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Integrated Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of Zoology (BOKU), King Abdulaziz University, Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, State Nature Reserve 'Privolzhskaya Lesostep', Penza, Russia, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China, Institute of Biology Komi Science Centre UB RAS, University of Bern, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Greensway AB, Uppsala, Sweden, Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Wildlife Management and Wildlife Biology, University of Sopron, Sopron, Hungary, Key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Community Department, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany, State University of Paraiba, Institute of Integrative Biology, Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Terrestrial Ecology (TE), Conservation Ecology Group, Govers group, Ecology & Evolution, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, Systems Ecology, Animal Ecology, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), and VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Soil Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 580 Plants (Botany), 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems, Markvetenskap, 590 Tiere (Zoologie), General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Soil, terrestrial food web, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Humans, Animals, 000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme, Macroecology, Arthropods, Tundra, Ecosystem, Ekologi, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, soil fertility, collembola, Biodiversity, General Chemistry, 580 Pflanzen (Botanik), Settore AGR/11 - ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALE E APPLICATA, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Abstract

Soil life supports the functioning and biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems. Springtails (Collembola) are among the most abundant soil arthropods regulating soil fertility and flow of energy through above- and belowground food webs. However, the global distribution of springtail diversity and density, and how these relate to energy fluxes remains unknown. Here, using a global dataset representing 2470 sites, we estimate the total soil springtail biomass at 27.5 megatons carbon, which is threefold higher than wild terrestrial vertebrates, and record peak densities up to 2 million individuals per square meter in the tundra. Despite a 20-fold biomass difference between the tundra and the tropics, springtail energy use (community metabolism) remains similar across the latitudinal gradient, owing to the changes in temperature with latitude. Neither springtail density nor community metabolism is predicted by local species richness, which is high in the tropics, but comparably high in some temperate forests and even tundra. Changes in springtail activity may emerge from latitudinal gradients in temperature, predation and resource limitation in soil communities. Contrasting relationships of biomass, diversity and activity of springtail communities with temperature suggest that climate warming will alter fundamental soil biodiversity metrics in different directions, potentially restructuring terrestrial food webs and affecting soil functioning. The article is an outcome of the #GlobalCollembola community initiative that is voluntarily supported by researchers around the world. Data collection and analysis was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (19-74-00154 to A.P.) and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (493345801 to A.P. and 192626868—SFB 990 to S.S.). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the Göttingen University. The following funding bodies provided support for individual contributors: ARC SRIEAS Grant SR200100005 Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future to S.L.C., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency VEGA 1/0438/22 to Ľ.K., RFBR 19-516-60002 to N.A.K., Carl Tryggers Stiftelse för Vetenskaplig Forskning and Qatar Petroleum to J.M.A., BIO 27 (2013-2014)-MAGyP and PICTO 2084 (2012)-ANPCyT to V.B., DAAD-19-10 and MSM200962001 to T.C., grant TE, PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2019-0358 to C.F., NWO grant 821.01.015 to O.F., National Natural Sciences Foundation of China No 41471037 and 41871042 to M.G., BIO 27 (2013-2014), MAGyP; PICT 2084 (2012), FONCyT to D.F.G., NRF South African National Antarctic Programme grant 110734 to M.G., Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), EcoEnergy Innovation Initiative under the Office of Energy Research and Development, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to I.T.H., L.A.V. and L.R., Independent Research Fund Denmark grant no. DFF-4002-00384 to M.H., Estonian Science Foundation G9145 to M.I., SA-France bilateral grant to C.J., SA (NRF)/Russia (RFBR) Joint Science and Technology Research Collaboration project no. 19-516-60002 (FRBR) and no. 118904 (NRF) to M.P. and C.J., European Research Council (ERC), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 677232; to N.E.); iDiv, German Research Foundation (DFG–FZT 118, 202548816) to M.J. and N.E., French National Agency of Research (ANR) (JASSUR research project; ANR-12-VBDU-0011), «Ministère de l’Agriculture et de la Pêche» and «Ministère de l’Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie» (ACTA programme), «Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement» (Pnetox programme), EU-funded project, ECOGEN QLK5-CT-2002-01666 (www.ecogen.dk), “Agence de l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie” (BIOINDICATEUR 2, BIOTECHNOSOL), ANDRA and GISFI (www.gisfi.fr) to S.J., GRR SER-BIODIV (Région Normandie, France) to MCha, ESF9258, B02 to A.K., Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2018CDXYCH0014) to D.L., DFG 316045089 to J.L., Massey University Research Fund grant to M.A.M., DFG SCHE 376/38-2 to M.M.P., grant from the Austria Academy of Science: Heritage_2020-043_Modeling-Museum to P.Q., Slovak Scientific Grant Agency: VEGA Nos. 1/0441/03 and 1/3267/06 to N.R., Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to M.I.R., RSF 21-74-00126 to R.A.S., Austrian Federal Government and European Union (Rural Development 2014-2020) to J.S., АААА-А17-122040600025-2 to A.A.T., Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq (grant no. 152717/2016-1) to B.R.W., 309030/2018-8 to D.Z. and 305426/2018-4 to B.C.B., National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970434, 31772491) to N.N.G., Research and Innovation Support Foundation of Santa Catarina (FAPESC) (6.309/2011-6/FAPESC) and the CNPq (563251/2010-7/CNPq) to L.C.I.O.F., O.K.-F., the Latvian Council of Science Grants no. 90.108, 93.140, 96.0110, 01.0344 to E.J., CNPq for the Research Productivity Grant (305939/2018-1) to D.B., FPI-MICINN grant in the project INTERCAPA (CGL2014-56739-R) to P.H, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to Z.L., Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary TKP2021-NKTA-43 to D.W. Authors are grateful to Penelope Greenslade for providing the literature on Australian Collembola communities. Authors are grateful to Frans Janssens for providing the global checklist of Collembola.

Published
2023

17. Forest loss and fragmentation can promote the crowding effect in a forest-specialist primate

Author

Carla Cristina Gestich, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, Bruno H. Saranholi, Rogério Grassetto Teixeira da Cunha, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Eleonore Z. F. Setz, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Imperial College London, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Subjects
Ecology, biology, Forest restoration, Geography, Planning and Development, Biome, Landscape composition, Fragmentation (computing), Biodiversity, Tropics, Fragmentation debate, Geography, Landscape configuration, Deforestation, biology.animal, Callicebus nigrifrons, Population density, Primate, Landscape ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:44:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2022-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Idea Wild Natural Environment Research Council Context: Forest loss and fragmentation are rapidly expanding across the tropics. Although forest loss is a major driver of the current biodiversity crisis, the effect of fragmentation remains debated, particularly for forest-specialist species. Objectives: We evaluated the univariate and combined effect of forest loss (percent of forest cover) and fragmentation (forest patch density) on populations of a forest-specialist primate, the black-fronted titi monkey (Callicebus nigrifrons), in the landscapes from a transitional zone between Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Methods: We surveyed titi monkey density in 14 landscapes. Using a multiscale and multimodel inference approach, we tested the relative effect of each landscape variable assessed at their respective scales of effect on titi monkey density. Results: Titi monkey density ranged from 0 to 12 groups/km2 and was best predicted by the combined effect of forest cover and patch density. Density increased in forest patches embedded in more deforested and fragmented landscapes. Interestingly, the effect of forest patch density was consistently positive along the entire evaluated forest cover gradient (9–42%). Conclusions: Our findings support that fragmentation per se can have positive effects on biodiversity, in this case, by increasing the likelihood that more individuals can be ‘rescued’ from deforestation and crowded in the remaining forest patches. Although the long-term consequences of living crowded in forest patches are unknown, a conservative approach for preserving this (and potentially other) forest-specialist species could be to promote forest restoration projects focused on increasing the number and/or size of forest patches in the landscape (i.e., reverse fragmentation). Departamento de Biologia Animal Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP Departamento de Genética e Evolução Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Road Washington Luís km 235, SP Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Michoacán Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Yucatán Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Instituto de Ciências da Natureza Universidade Federal de Alfenas, MG Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação (LEEC) Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, SP Laboratório de Ecologia Espacial e Conservação (LEEC) Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, SP CAPES: 001 FAPESP: 2012/14245-2 FAPESP: 2013/24453-4 FAPESP: 2013/50421-2 FAPESP: 2020/01779-5 CNPq: 312045/2013-1 CNPq: 312292/2016-3 CNPq: 442147/2020-1 CAPES: 88881.068425/2014-1 Idea Wild: GESTBRAZ0510 Natural Environment Research Council: NE/S011811/1

Published
2021

18. Can Wolf Spider Mothers Detect Insecticides in the Environment? Does the Silk of the Egg‐Sac Protect Juveniles from Insecticides?

Author

Mónica Cunningham, Carlos Fernando Garcia, C. Gabellone, G. Molina, Aldana Laino, Sofia Romero, Marie Trabalon, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata 'Profesor Doctor Rodolfo R. Brenner' [La Plata] (INIBIOLP), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas [La Plata], Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Centro de Estudios Parasitologicos y de Vectores [La Plata] (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas [Buenos Aires] (CIC), Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The present study was supported by funding from the project Environmental Coalition on Standards–Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia, e Innovación Productiva (France–Argentina, A16B03 and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT-2017-0684)., Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas [La Plata], Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Insecticides, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Imidacloprid, Wolf spider, Silk, Mothers, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Cypermethrin, Toxicology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pyrethrins, Animals, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Neurotoxic insecticides, Pesticides, Glutathione Transferase, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Behavior, 0303 health sciences, Pyrethroid, biology, Organophosphate, Neonicotinoid, Spiders, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Chlorpyrifos, embryonic structures, Female, Lycosidae, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract

The use of pesticides for plague control in agroecosystems generates a threat to wildlife and a major problem for human health. Pesticide compounds are also an important source of water and atmosphere contamination. Although insecticides are effective on their target organisms, they often affect organisms that are not their target The aim of the present study was to research the effects of three types of neurotoxic insecticides-a pyrethroid (cypermethrin), a neonicotinoid (imidacloprid) and an organophosphate (chlorpyrifos)-on behavioral and physiological parameters of Pardosa saltans spider (Lycosidae). This study analyzed for the first time the exploratory behavior of the spider mothers in the presence of these three insecticides on their egg-sacs and also on the ground. It was also evaluated the oxidative stress effects on the juveniles hatched in the egg-sac protected by silk in relation to variations of detoxification enzymes (catalase, glutathione of action, such as spiders, which are agrobionts of great importance in agroecosystems. reductase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation (reactive oxygen species or ROS). The results show that these insecticides are repellents for mothers (cypermethrin is the most repellent) and maternal behavior is modified after detection of an insecticide on their egg-sac but mothers do not abandon their egg-sac. These neurotoxic insecticides affect the juveniles inside their egg-sac. Cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos caused more oxidative stress in juveniles than did imidacloprid. The ROS generated by these insecticides seemed to be adequately eliminated by the juveniles' antioxidant systems. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

19. Multiple Level Effects of Imazethapyr on Leptodactylus latinasus (Anura) Adult Frogs

Author

Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias, Lara Zácari Fanali, Julie C. Brodeur, Marcelo L. Larramendy, C. de Oliveira, Lilian Franco-Belussi, Guillermo Sebastián Natale, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)

Subjects
biology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Leptodactylidae, frogs, General Medicine, Glutathione, Toxicology, biology.organism_classification, Leptodactylus latinasus, Pollution, Melanin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, chemistry, Catalase, Micronucleus test, biology.protein, Ciencias Naturales, Ecotoxicology, biomarkers responses, toxic effect, Cholinesterase
Abstract

Imazethapyr is an herbicide that is used in a variety of crops worldwide, including soybean and corn. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biomarkers responses of adult Leptodactylus latinasus exposed to the formulation Pivot® H (10.59% imazethapyr) in the laboratory at concentrations and under conditions that simulate two potential field exposure scenarios: an immersion in field runoff (Scenario 1: 10 mg/L) and a direct exposure to the droplets emitted by spray noozles (Scenario 2: 1000 mg/L). In both scenarios, the experimental procedure involved completely immersing the frogs over a period of 15 s. Different endpoints were evaluated at several ecotoxicological levels 48 and 96 h after the herbicide exposure. These included individual (biometric indices and behavior alterations), histological (liver pigments and lesions), biochemical (catalase, glutathione system and cholinesterase activities) and genotoxic effects (micronuclei induction and nuclear abnormalities). Forty-eight hours after imazethapyr exposure, frogs submitted to Scenario 1 presented an inhibition of liver glutathione-S-transferase activity, whereas histological alterations and increased hepatic cholinesterase levels were observed in frogs exposed under Scenario 2. Ninety-six hours after exposure to the imazethapyr formulation, frogs from the Scenario 1 treatment presented a decrease in liver melanin and hemosiderin, increased hepatic catalase activity and micronuclei induction. For their part, frogs exposed to Scenario 2 presented a decrease in the hepatosomatic index, an increase in liver alterations, melanin reduction and micronuclei induction. The multivariate analysis enables correlations to be made between biomarkers of different organizational level in exposed anurans. Our result indicates that real exposure to imazethapyr formulations under field conditions may pose a risk to Leptodactylus latinasus populations living in the agroecosystems., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

Published
2021

20. Inferring within‐flock transmission dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in France, 2020

Author

Simon Gubbins, Debapriyo Chakraborty, Jean-Luc Guérin, Hugo Gruson, Billy Bauzile, Claire Guinat, Timothée Vergne, Mathieu Andraud, Mattias Delpont, Mathilde Paul, Benjamin Roche, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering [ETH Zürich] (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Sorbonne Université (SU), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), The authors would like to thank the French Ministry of Agriculture and the veterinary services of the Landes department for their support inimplementing this study. The work was carried out within the frame work of the 'Chaire de Biosécurité aviaire' at the 'École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse', which is funded by the French Ministry of Agriculture. CG has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 842621.SG was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (grant codes: BB/E/I/00007036andBB/E/I/00007037)., European Project: 0842621(2009), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Avian flu, Beta, Duck, Interference, Mechanistic model, Mortality, R0, Spread, duck, 040301 veterinary sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, spread, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Disease Outbreaks, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Credible interval, Animals, avian flu, Influenza A Virus, H5N8 Subtype, Poultry Diseases, inference, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, mechanistic model, business.industry, Transmission (medicine), Outbreak, Bayes Theorem, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Poultry farming, mortality, Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, 3. Good health, Ducks, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Influenza in Birds, beta, France, Flock, business, Epidemic model
Abstract

Following the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N8) in France in early December 2020, we used duck mortality data from the index farm to investigate within-flock transmission dynamics. A stochastic epidemic model was fitted to the daily mortality data and model parameters were estimated using an approximate Bayesian computation sequential Monte Carlo (ABC-SMC) algorithm. The model predicted that the first bird in the flock was infected 5 days (95% credible interval, CI: 3–6) prior to the day of suspicion and that the transmission rate was 4.1 new infections per day (95% CI: 2.8–5.8). On average, ducks became infectious 4.1 h (95% CI: 0.7–9.1) after infection and remained infectious for 4.3 days (95% CI: 2.8–5.7). The model also predicted that 34% (50% prediction interval: 8%–76%) of birds would already be infectious by the day of suspicion, emphasizing the substantial latent threat this virus could pose to other poultry farms and to neighbouring wild birds. This study illustrates how mechanistic models can help provide rapid relevant insights that contribute to the management of infectious disease outbreaks of farmed animals. These methods can be applied to future outbreaks and the resulting parameter estimates made available to veterinary services within a few hours. ISSN:1865-1674 ISSN:1865-1682

Published
2021

21. Eocene caviomorph rodents from Balsayacu (Peruvian Amazonia)

Author

Aldo Benites-Palomino, Michele Andriolli Custódio, Laurent Marivaux, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Narla Shannay Stutz, Walter Aguirre-Diaz, Johan Yans, Myriam Boivin, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, François Pujos, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Martin Roddaz, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), The Leakey FoundationNational Geographic Society, LabEx CEBA, ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Zurich, and Boivin, Myriam

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Systematics, 010506 paleontology, Fauna, Zoology, Rodentia, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, Biostratigraphy, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Peru, Caviomorpha, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Amazon rainforest, Palaeontology, Paleontology, South America, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 1911 Paleontology, Geography, Taxon, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Cachiyacuy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Paleogene
Abstract

International audience; The Paleogene record of caviomorph rodents has substantially increased over the last decades, and their evolutionary history better understood by the discovery of their earliest representatives, so far recorded in several pre-Deseadan localities in Peruvian Amazonia. We report here the discovery of new caviomorph fossils from the Balsayacu area in Peru (TAR-55/TAR-55bis, TAR-76 and TAR-77 localities, San Martín Department). The study of this new material reveals the occurrence of four caviomorph taxa in these localities: Balsayacuy huallagaensis gen. et sp. nov., Chachapoyamys kathetos gen. et sp. nov. and Caviomorpha gen. et sp. indet. 1 and 2. It allows the revision and refinement of taxonomic assignments of previously described specimens. The first three taxa have a primitive dental pattern, as that characterizing stem Caviomorpha recorded in pre-Deseadan localities of Peru (Eocene localities of Contamana and ?late Eocene/early Oligocene Santa Rosa). We support here an Eocene age for the Balsayacu section due to the complete absence of morphologically derived taxa representing modern caviomorph superfamilies. By the presence of derived characters in Balsayacuy and Chachapoyamys compared to Canaanimys maquiensis and Cachiyacuy contamanensis from CTA-27 (Contamana, Peru; late middle Eocene), the Balsayacu section may document a time interval slightly younger than CTA-27 (which further yields Chachapoyamys cf. kathetos) and older than those of Santa Rosa and Tarapoto-Shapaja, likely documenting latest middle or early late Eocene times. These low-latitude stem caviomorph faunas provide new insights into the early evolutionary history and paleodiversity of that group immediately before the rise of modern superfamilies.

Published
2021

22. To keep or not to keep: mRNA stability and translatability in root nodule symbiosis

Author

Mauricio Reynoso, María Eugenia Zanetti, Flavio Antonio Blanco, Martin Crespi, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular [La Plata] (IBBM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas [La Plata], Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ANPCyTPICT 2016-00582PICT 2017-0581PICT 2016-0333PICT 2017-0069PICT 2017-2272French National Research Agency (ANR)ANR-15-CE20-0002Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS ANR-17-EUR0007CNRS of France (International Associated Laboratories NOCOSYM project), and Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Translation, Small RNA, Root nodule, RNA Stability, Organogenesis, Plant Science, Nodulation, Biology, Plant Root Nodulation, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Nitrogen Fixation, microRNA, Gene expression, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant Immunity, Auxin, Gene, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, Regulation of gene expression, Regulator, Fabaceae, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Enod40, Rhizobium, Root Nodules, Plant, Peptides, Transcription, Pathway, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Post-transcriptional control of gene expression allows plants to rapidly adapt to changes in their environment. Under low nitrogen conditions, legume plants engage into a symbiosis with soil bacteria that results in the formation of root nodules, where bacteria are allocated and fix atmospheric nitrogen for the plant's benefit. Recent studies highlighted the importance of small RNA-mediated mechanisms in the control of bacterial infection, nodule organogenesis, and the long-distance signaling that balances plant growth and nodulation. Examples of such mechanisms are shoot-to-root mobile microRNAs and small RNA fragments derived from degradation of bacterial transfer RNAs that repress complementary mRNAs in the host plant. Mechanisms of selective mRNA translation also contribute to rapidly modulate the expression of nodulation genes in a cell-specific manner during symbiosis. Here, the most recent advances made on the regulation of mRNA stability and translatability, and the emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in symbiosis are summarized.

Published
2020

23. The interface between ecology, evolution, and cancer: More than ever a relevant research direction for both oncologists and ecologists

Author

Frédéric Thomas, Beata Ujvari, Mathieu Giraudeau, Benjamin Roche, Rodrigo Hamede, Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (MIVEGEC-CREEC), Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Deakin University [Burwood], Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and ANR-18-CE35-0009,TRANSCAN,ECOLOGIE ET EVOLUTION DES CANCERS TRANSMISSIBLES(2018)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, conservation biology, Interface (Java), Ecology (disciplines), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Evolution, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, medicine, lcsh:QH359-425, cancer, evolutionary theory, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Evolutionary theory, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Cognitive science, 0303 health sciences, Evolutionary medicine, Cancer, medicine.disease, evolutionary medicine, oncology, Conservation biology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

24. Genome-wide 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) emerges at early stage of in vitro differentiation of a putative hepatocyte progenitor

Author

Nuria Guerrero-Celis, Félix Recillas-Targa, Victoria Chagoya de Sánchez, Marie-Pierre Cros, Chloe Goldsmith, Jesús Rafael Rodríguez-Aguilera, Szilvia Ecsedi, Mariana Domínguez-López, Rebeca Pérez-Cabeza de Vaca, Isabelle Chemin, Hector Hernandez-Vargas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group [Lyon], Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO)-Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Institute for Social Security and Services for State Workers [Mexico, Mexique] (ISSSTE), Translational research and innovation department [Lyon], Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS, Reference No. ECTZ47287 and ECTZ50137), the Institut National du Cancer AAP PLBIO 2017 (project: T cell tolerance to microbiota and colorectal cancers), La Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer Comité d’Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes AAP 2018, Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico/Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (DGAPA/PAPIIT-UNAM Grant number IN208915), Grant by Vela Advisor SA de CV to VCS Project, PhD Fellowship from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología to JRRA (CONACyT CVU 508509), Research Assistant Fellowship from Sistema Nacional de Investigadores to JRRA (SNI-CONACyT EXP. INV. 12666 EXP. AYTE. 7507), International Research Internship Support to JRRA from Programa de Apoyo a los Estudios de Posgrado del Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas (PAEP-UNAM No. Cta. 30479367-5), CONACyT (Beca Mixta CVU 508509), Stipend Supplement from IARC (Ref. STU. 2052), and Aide au logement from CAF (No Allocataire: 4384941 W) and ROAL660122., Bodescot, Myriam, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Immunity, Virus and Inflammation [Lyon], and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Epigenomics, Cell, lcsh:Medicine, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Article, Mixed Function Oxygenases, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Gene expression, Cancer genomics, medicine, Humans, Progenitor cell, Promoter Regions, Genetic, lcsh:Science, [SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Progenitor, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, 0303 health sciences, DNA methylation, Genome, Multidisciplinary, Stem Cells, lcsh:R, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Cell Differentiation, Promoter, Cell biology, DNA Demethylation, medicine.anatomical_structure, DNA demethylation, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 5-Methylcytosine, Hepatocytes, lcsh:Q
Abstract

A basic question linked to differential patterns of gene expression is how cells reach different fates despite using the same DNA template. Since 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) emerged as an intermediate metabolite in active DNA demethylation, there have been increasing efforts to elucidate its function as a stable modification of the genome, including a role in establishing such tissue-specific patterns of expression. Recently we described TET1-mediated enrichment of 5hmC on the promoter region of the master regulator of hepatocyte identity, HNF4A, which precedes differentiation of liver adult progenitor cells in vitro. Here, we studied the genome-wide distribution of 5hmC at early in vitro differentiation of human hepatocyte-like cells. We found a global increase in 5hmC as well as a drop in 5-methylcytosine after one week of in vitro differentiation from bipotent progenitors, at a time when the liver transcript program is already established. 5hmC was overall higher at the bodies of overexpressed genes. Furthermore, by modifying the metabolic environment, an adenosine derivative prevents 5hmC enrichment and impairs the acquisition of hepatic identity markers. These results suggest that 5hmC could be a marker of cell identity, as well as a useful biomarker in conditions associated with cell de-differentiation such as liver malignancies.

Published
2020

25. Specialisation in pollen collection, pollination interactions and phenotypic variation of the oil-collecting bee Chalepogenus cocuccii

Author

Constanza Clara Maubecin, Lourdes Boero, Alicia Noemi Sersic, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal [Córdoba] (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales [Córdoba], and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Entomology, OIL-COLLECTING BEES, Pollination, Range (biology), Zoology, pollination interactions, medicine.disease_cause, Oligolecty, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Pollen, Nierembergia, medicine, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], OLIGOLECTY, Abiotic component, biology, specialisation, phenotypic variation, Ecología, POLLINATION INTERACTIONS, 15. Life on land, SPECIALISATION, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, 010602 entomology, oil-collecting bees, Insect Science, Bee pollen, PHENOTYPIC VARIATION, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, oligolecty
Abstract

Bee pollen gathering from a few related plant species is a specialisation known as oligolecty. Although it is an extended phenomenon, it has been scarcely explored in oil-collecting bees. At the geographic level, there is little information about oligolecty persistence and also about phenotypic variation of bees related with abiotic factors. We studied the pollen collection specialisation of the oil-collecting bee Chalepogenus cocuccii , its pollination interactions and phenotypic variation across its distribution range, by analyses of pollen loads, field observations and morphometric measurements. Observations and pollen analyses showed that across its distribution range, C. cocuccii preferred Nierembergia flowers not only for oil but also for pollen. We found two beemorphotypes, though phenotypic variation was not related to abiotic variables. We postulate that C. cocuccii is a narrowly oligolectic species, phenotypically and ecologically specialised in Nierembergia. Fil: Maubecin, Constanza Clara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Boero, María Lourdes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina Fil: Sersic, Alicia Noemi. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentina

Published
2020

26. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum ITEM 3636 against peanut brown root rot caused by Fusarium solani RC 386

Author

J.S. Venisse, F.D. Giordano, N. Pastor, Maria Marta Reynoso, M. Rovera, S.A. Palacios, J. Erazo, Adriana M. Torres, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica de la Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (SECyTUNRC, Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (MINCyT)PICT-2017-2740, CONICET, and National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC)

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Trichoderma harzianum, biology, Hypha, 030306 microbiology, Biological pest control, food and beverages, Biocontrol, biology.organism_classification, 03 medical and health sciences, Horticulture, Insect Science, Root rot, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Mycoparasitism, peanut, Gene expression, Antagonism, Agronomy and Crop Science, Pathogen, Fusarium solani, Mycelium, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience; Peanut brown root rot is a rhizoplane disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium solani. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic and physiological mechanisms of T. harzianum ITEM 3636 involved in the antagonism against the phytopathogenic fungi F. solani, and to evaluate its biocontrol effect on peanut brown root rot in greenhouse assays. The in vitro tests showed that T. harzianum ITEM 3636 exert its antagonistic activity against F. solani RC386 through the synthesis of secondary metabolites, high enzymatic activity (chitinases 0.054 U ml- 1, N-Acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidases 0.21 U ml-1, proteases 0.063 U ml-1 and glucanases 0.139 U ml-1) and important modifications in the pathogen hyphae. In the gene expression analysis of biocontrolassociated genes (prb1, chit33, bgn13.1) an upregulation was detected when T. harzianum ITEM 3636 interacted with F. solani RC386 mycelia. The greenhouse assays showed that the previous application of T. harzianum ITEM 3636 on peanut seeds generated a protective effect in peanut plants which were then affected by F. solani, since it reduced both the incidence and the severity of peanut brown root rot, by 3.8% and 63.98% respectively. In conclusion, T. harzianum ITEM 3636 strain could be considered as a biofungicide against F. solani in microbial formulations intended for peanut plants.

Published
2021

27. Sequence-unrelated long noncoding RNAs converged to modulate the activity of conserved epigenetic machineries across kingdoms

Author

Juan S. Ramirez-Prado, Leandro Quadrana, Maria Florencia Legascue, Martin Crespi, Daniel Gonzalez, David Latrasse, Aurélie Christ, Camille Fonouni-Farde, Moussa Benhamed, Thomas Blein, Federico Ariel, Lucia Ferrero, Michaël Moison, Leandro Exequiel Lucero, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral [Santa Fe] (IAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL), Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Blein, Thomas, Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, biology, Regulator, Methylation, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transcription (biology), Arabidopsis, [SDV.GEN.GPL] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, DNA methylation, Ring finger, medicine, Epigenetics, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

SUMMARYRNA-DNA hybrid (R-loop)-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including the Arabidopsis lncRNAAUXIN-REGULATED PROMOTER LOOP(APOLO), are emerging as important regulators of three-dimensional chromatin conformation and gene transcriptional activity. Here, we showed that in addition to the PRC1-component LIKE-HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1 (LHP1),APOLOinteracts with the methylcytosine-binding protein VARIANT IN METHYLATION 1 (VIM1), a conserved homolog of the mammalian DNA methylation regulator UBIQUITIN-LIKE CONTAINING PHD AND RING FINGER DOMAINS 1 (UHRF1). TheAPOLO-VIM1-LHP1 complex directly regulates the transcription of the auxin biosynthesis geneYUCCA2by dynamically determining DNA methylation and H3K27me3 deposition over its promoter during the plant thermomorphogenic response. Strikingly, we demonstrated that the lncRNAUHRF1 Protein Associated Transcript(UPAT), a direct interactor of UHRF1 in humans, can be recognized by VIM1 and LHP1 in plant cells, despite the lack of sequence homology betweenUPATandAPOLO. In addition, we showed that increased levels ofAPOLOorUPAThamper VIM1 and LHP1 binding toYUCCA2promoter. Collectively, our results uncover a new mechanism in which a plant lncRNA coordinates Polycomb action and DNA methylation, and reveal that evolutionary unrelated lncRNAs may exert similar functions across kingdoms.

Published
2021

28. Late middle Miocene caviomorph rodents from Tarapoto, Peruvian Amazonia

Author

Narla Shannay Stutz, Guillaume Billet, Anne H. Walton, Walter Aguirre-Diaz, Laurent Marivaux, Myriam Boivin, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, François Pujos, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Julia V. Tejada-Lara, Rafael M. Varas-Malca, Aldo Benites-Palomino, Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (INECOA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Museo de Historia Natural de Lima (MHN), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), BioGeoCiencias Lab, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/CIDIS, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Springfield Technical Community College, The Leakey Foundation,- National Geographic Society,- CoopIntEER CNRS-CONICET (n˚ 252540),- ECOS-SUD/FONCyT (n˚ A-14U01), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), ANR-17-CE31-0009,GAARAnti,Pont terrestre 'GAARlandia' vs voies de dispersion à travers les Petites Antilles–Couplage entre dynamique de la subduction et processus de l'évolution des espèces dans le domaine des Caraïbes.(2017), University of Zurich, Kriwet, Jürgen, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Teeth, Physiology, Fauna, Digestive Physiology, tarsal bone, 10125 Paleontological Institute and Museum, 01 natural sciences, taxonomy, morphology, Peru, Medicine and Health Sciences, Phylogeny, Mammals, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Amazon rainforest, rodent, Eukaryota, Geology, Miocene Epoch, Plants, Legumes, Biological Evolution, Arms, Geography, 560 Fossils & prehistoric life, Laventan, Vertebrates, Medicine, biostratigraphy, Anatomy, Nomen nudum, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Research Article, 010506 paleontology, Nuyuyomys chinqaska, Astragalus, Science, Postcrania, Rodentia, Molars, Biostratigraphy, Rodents, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, animal tissue, mandible, Microscleromys paradoxalis, geographic distribution, Animals, Dentition, Humans, Caviomorpha, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, nonhuman, species diversity, Organisms, caviomorph rodent, Biology and Life Sciences, Geologic Time, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Archaeology, Middle Miocene, Taxon, Jaw, Neogene Period, Body Limbs, Amniotes, Dentin, fossil animal, Earth Sciences, Cenozoic Era, maxilla, Microscleromys cribriphilus, Digestive System, Head, Zoology, Tooth, paleontology, Ricardomys longidens
Abstract

Miocene deposits of South America have yielded several species-rich assemblages of caviomorph rodents. They are mostly situated at high and mid- latitudes of the continent, except for the exceptional Honda Group of La Venta, Colombia, the faunal composition of which allowed to describe the late middle Miocene Laventan South American Land Mammal Age (SALMA). In this paper, we describe a new caviomorph assemblage from TAR-31 locality, recently discovered near Tarapoto in Peruvian Amazonia (San Martín Department). Based on mammalian biostratigraphy, this single-phased locality is unambiguously considered to fall within the Laventan SALMA. TAR-31 yielded rodent species found in La Venta, such as the octodontoid Ricardomys longidens Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.), the chinchilloids Microscleromys paradoxalis Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.) and M. cribriphilus Walton, 1990 (nom. nud.), or closely-related taxa. Given these strong taxonomic affinities, we further seize the opportunity to review the rodent dental material from La Venta described in the Ph.D. volume of Walton in 1990 but referred to as nomina nuda. Here we validate the recognition of these former taxa and provide their formal description. TAR-31 documents nine distinct rodent species documenting the four extant superfamilies of Caviomorpha, including a new erethizontoid: Nuyuyomys chinqaska gen. et sp. nov. These fossils document the most diverse caviomorph fauna for the middle Miocene interval of Peruvian Amazonia to date. This rodent discovery from Peru extends the geographical ranges of Ricardomys longidens, Microscleromys paradoxalis, and M. cribriphilus, 1,100 km to the south. Only one postcranial element of rodent was unearthed in TAR-31 (astragalus). This tiny tarsal bone most likely documents one of the two species of Microscleromys and its morphology indicates terrestrial generalist adaptations for this minute chinchilloid.

Published
2021

29. Multispecies biofilm removal by XP-endo Finisher and passive ultrasonic irrigation: A scanning electron microscopy study

Author

Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Abel Teves, John Torres, David E. Jaramillo, Gisele Faria, Daniel Blanco, Débora Alvarado, Mario Casaretto, Stomatological research and training center, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia - UPCH, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - UNMSM. Lima, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista – UPSJB, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos – UNMSM, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), and University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Subjects
Scanning electron microscope, Sodium Hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, Eikenella corrodens, Enterococcus faecalis, biofilm, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ultrasonics, Therapeutic Irrigation, General Dentistry, Chromatography, biology, Root Canal Irrigants, Chemistry, Multispecies biofilms, Biofilm, Water, biology.organism_classification, passive ultrasonic irrigation, Sodium hypochlorite, Biofilms, Streptococcus anginosus, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, root canal treatment, Dental Pulp Cavity, XP-endo Finisher, Bacteria, scanning electron microscopy
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:31:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 The aim was to assess the effect of XP-endo Finisher (XPF) on multispecies biofilm removal, in comparison with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fifty mandibular first premolars were instrumented, longitudinally sectioned. The split halves were incubated for 4 days with a broth obtained from three bacteria strains: Enterococcus faecalis, Eikenella corrodens and Streptococcus anginosus. Subsequently, the re-approximated split halves were irrigated with 4% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or water using CSI, and the final irrigation protocols were CSI with 4% NaOCl (CSI+4%NaOCl), PUI+4%NaOCl, XPF+4%NaOCl and CSI+water. The analysis of biofilm removal was performed using SEM images. There were no differences between PUI and XPF (P > 0.05), and both groups promoted higher biofilm removal than CSI+4%NaOCl and CSI+water groups (P

Published
2021

30. Ghrelin treatment induces rapid and delayed increments of food intake : A heuristic model to explain ghrelin's orexigenic effects

Author

Mirta Reynaldo, Serge Luquet, Mario Perello, Guadalupe García Romero, María Paula Cornejo, Raphaël G. P. Denis, Gimena Fernandez, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular [La Plata] (IMBICE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP)-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas [Buenos Aires] (CIC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de la Plata [Argentine] (UNLP), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and ORANGE, Colette

Subjects
Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biología, Energy homeostasis, Eating, Mice, NPY/AGRP NEURONS, Heuristics, Homeostasis, Neuropeptide Y, HORMONE SECRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR, Neurons, BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, ARCUATE NUCLEUS, arcuate, ADULT MICE, NEUROPEPTIDE-Y NEURONS, Ghrelin, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Medicine, MESSENGER-RNA, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, delayed effect, Neuropeptide, Peptide hormone, Biology, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, LEPTIN, Arcuate nucleus, Orexigenic, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Ciencias Exactas, Pharmacology, ENERGY-EXPENDITURE, Cell Biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Endocrinology, INDUCED ACTIVATION, Anorectic, Energy Metabolism, AgRP, Hormone
Abstract

Ghrelin is a stomach-derived peptide hormone with salient roles in the regulation of energy balance and metabolism. Notably, ghrelin is recognized as the most powerful known circulating orexigenic hormone. Here, we systematically investigated the effects of ghrelin on energy homeostasis and found that ghrelin primarily induces a biphasic effect on food intake that has indirect consequences on energy expenditure and nutrient partitioning. We also found that ghrelin-induced biphasic effect on food intake requires the integrity of Agouti-related peptide/neuropeptide Y-producing neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, which seem to display a long-lasting activation after a single systemic injection of ghrelin. Finally, we found that different autonomic, hormonal and metabolic satiation signals transiently counteract ghrelin-induced food intake. Based on our observations, we propose a heuristic model to describe how the orexigenic effect of ghrelin and the anorectic food intake-induced rebound sculpt a timely constrain feeding response to ghrelin., Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular

Published
2021

31. Sedimentology and structure of a Holocene slump deposit on the continental slope off Baja California, Mexico

Author

S. Monserrat Villafuerte-Bazaldua, Elsa Arellano-Torres, William Bandy, Lizeth Caballero, François Michaud, Carlos Mortera-Gutierrez, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Fez Iztacalla (UNAM), Fez Iztacalla, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Sedimentary structures, Foraminifera, Paleontology, law, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), 14. Life underwater, Radiocarbon dating, Sedimentology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Continental shelf, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, biology.organism_classification, Seafloor spreading, Geology
Abstract

A marine sediment core located off the southernmost part of the Baja California Peninsula, NE Pacific, is analyzed to investigate a submarine mass failure. We examine the lithofacies and sedimentary structures, the total organic (TOC) and inorganic (TIC) carbon, the grain size composition, and the degree of fragmentation in foraminifera tests. The core BB03 consists of five lithostratigraphic units, from bottom to top, U1 to U5. Radiocarbon dating (AMS 14C) indicates that this sequence is inverted, where the deepest strata U1–U2 date at ~ 4,162 cal yr BP, U3–U4 at ~ 14,406 cal yr BP, and the shallower strata U5 at ~ 18,759–19,445 cal yr BP. Analysis of core and multibeam bathymetric data evidenced a submarine mass failure of the slump type, characterized by abruptly inverted layers with soft-sediment deformation structures. The event’s timing is constrained both with AMS 14C and the well-known stratigraphic identification of laminated or bioturbated layers in this highly productive upwelling zone. The event occurred during the Late Holocene as constrained by a maximum age of ~ 4,000 years. Although there is no explicit evidence on the cause of the submarine slump, the geomorphic characteristics and the close spatial connection with other submarine mass failures suggest a close relationship with the Tosco-Abreojos fault having acted either as a preconditioning factor or as a triggering mechanism. Finally, this study represents one of the few studies of submarine mass failures at the NE Tropical Pacific margin, aiming to identify how the transported sediments interact with the regional morphology and the formation of modern seafloor structures.

Published
2021

32. Differential use of trophic resources between an exotic and a coexisting native snail

Author

Carolina Silvia Ocon, Roberto Francisco Jensen, Karine Delevati Colpo, Vladimir Eliodoro Costa, Paula Altieri, Alberto Rodrigues Capítulo, Ana Clara Ferreira, Laura Estefanía Paz, Universidad Nacional de La Plata), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, UNCPBA, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Subjects
Detritus, Ecology, biology, Stable isotope ratio, Fauna, fungi, Non-native species, Introduced species, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Macrophyte, Ciencias Naturales, Pomacea canaliculata, Gut contents, Sinotaia quadrata, Water Science and Technology, Isotope analysis, Trophic level, Stable isotopes
Abstract

Knowing the interactions between exotic and native species is essential to establish possible threats to the local fauna. In this study, we assessed the use of food resources and diet overlap between a recently introduced snail, Sinotaia quadrata, and a native species, Pomacea canaliculata. We analyzed the gut content and stable isotope of snails and resources in a lowland stream where both species coexist. Both Schoener’s and isotope dietary overlap indexes supported dietary overlap. Conversely, gut content analysis showed differences in consumption: S. quadrata consumed more detritus and diatoms than P. canaliculata, whose diet was characterized by detritus and macrophyte remains. Macrophytes were the resource that most contributed to the diet of both species, as shown by stable isotope mixing models. The combination of both techniques, gut content and stable isotope analysis, indicated that S. quadrata consumed macrophyte detritus while P. canaliculata ate fresh macrophytes. This difference indicates differential use of food resources between the studied species coexisting in a lowland stream. Although no negative trophic interaction was found, we highlight the importance of continuing to monitor interactions for other resources and studying possible risks to the local fauna., Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet", Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

Published
2021

33. Modeling the Relationship Between Antibody-Dependent Enhancement and Disease Severity in Secondary Dengue Infection

Author

Lourdes Esteva, Claudia Pio Ferreira, Clémence Métayer, Felipe de Almeida Camargo, Mostafa Adimy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Multi-scale modelling of cell dynamics : application to hematopoiesis (DRACULA), Centre de génétique et de physiologie moléculaire et cellulaire (CGPhiMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), Departamento de Matematicas [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Université Lyon 1, UNAM, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Local and global stability analyses for ordinary differential system, Neutralizing and enhancing antibodies, General Mathematics, Secondary infection, Immunology, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Dengue virus, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Severity of Illness Index, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, Hemorrhagic disorder, Dengue fever, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Antibody-dependent enhancement, Original antigenic sin, Dengue shock syndrome (DSS), General Environmental Science, Pharmacology, Coinfection, General Neuroscience, Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), Mathematical Concepts, Dengue Virus, medicine.disease, DENV1-4, Virology, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Computational Theory and Mathematics, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mathematical modeling, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Basic reproduction number
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:40:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-08-01 Sequential infections with different dengue serotypes (DENV-1, 4) significantly increase the risk of a severe disease outcome (fever, shock, and hemorrhagic disorders). Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the severity of the disease: (1) antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) and (2) original T cell antigenic sin. In this work, we explored the first hypothesis through mathematical modeling. The proposed model reproduces the dynamic of susceptible and infected target cells and dengue virus in scenarios of infection-neutralizing and infection-enhancing antibody competition induced by two distinct serotypes of the dengue virus during secondary infection. The enhancement and neutralization functions are derived from basic concepts of chemical reactions and used to mimic binding to the virus by two distinct populations of antibodies. The analytic study of the model showed the existence of two equilibriums: a disease-free equilibrium and an endemic one. Using the concept of the basic reproduction numberR, we performed the asymptotic stability analysis for the two equilibriums. To measure the severity of the disease, we considered the maximum value of infected cells as well as the time when this maximum is reached. We observed that it corresponds to the time when the maximum enhancing activity for the infection occurs. This critical time was calculated from the model to be a few days after the occurrence of the infection, which corresponds to what is observed in the literature. Finally, using as output R, we were able to rank the contribution of each parameter of the model. In particular, we highlighted that the cross-reactive antibody responses may be responsible for the disease enhancement during secondary heterologous dengue infection. Inria Institut Camille Jordan Université de Lyon Université Lyon 1, 43 Bd. du 11 novembre 1918 Departamento de Matemáticas Facultad de Ciencias UNAM Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Published
2021

34. Dominance style is a key predictor of vocal use and evolution across nonhuman primates

Author

Samantha J. Green, Daria Valente, Zarin P. Machanda, Erica van de Waal, Joan B. Silk, Christopher Young, Daniela Hedwig, Klaus Zuberbühler, Oliver Schülke, Lindsey Hagberg, Sally E. Street, Anna Zanoli, Mary S. M. Pavelka, Martha M. Robbins, Martin N. Muller, Chloe Chen-Kraus, Roberta Salmi, Barbara Fruth, Cristina Giacoma, Isaac Schamberg, Michelle Brown, Louise Peckre, Fredy Quintero, Richard W. Wrangham, Andrew J. J. MacIntosh, Shreejata Gupta, Gillian King-Bailey, Felix O. Angwela, Eithne Kavanagh, Stuart Semple, Zanna Clay, Melissa Emery Thompson, Claudia Wilke, Camille Coye, Julia Ostner, Cyril C. Grueter, Marco Gamba, Raffaella Ventura, Margarita Briseño-Jaramillo, Hugh Notman, Sophie Marshall, Jérôme Micheletta, Thore J. Bergman, Bonaventura Majolo, Anna H. Weyher, Megan Petersdorf, Valérie A. M. Schoof, Gabriel Ramos-Fernández, Maryjka B. Blaszczyk, Kirsty E. Graham, Adriano R. Lameira, Morgan L. Gustison, Alban Lemasson, Karim Ouattara, Alejandro Estrada, Laura M. Bolt, David Macgregor Inglis, Peter M. Kappeler, Valeria Torti, Claudia Fichtel, Barbora Kuběnová, Stéphanie Mercier, J. Roberto Sosa-López, Katharine M. Jack, Katie E. Slocombe, University of York [York, UK], Nottingham Trent University, Durham University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California, Yale University [New Haven], University of Exeter, Ethologie animale et humaine (EthoS), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), No funding was provided specifically for the current paper, but funding which supported data collection at field sites is acknowledged in electronic supplementary material, S11., University of St Andrews. School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences, University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution, Mountains of the Moon University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of New Mexico [Albuquerque], German Primate Center - Deutsches Primatenzentrum -- Leibniz Insitute for Primate Research -- [Göttingen, Allemagne] (GPC - DPZ), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), School of Psychology and Neuroscience [University of St. Andrews], University of St Andrews [Scotland], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Harvard University, Cornell University [New York], Tulane University, Kyoto University, University of Roehampton, United Kingdom, Tufts University [Medford], University of Lincoln, Université de Neufchätel (UNIME), University of Portsmouth, Athabasca University (AU), Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire [Abidjan] (CSRS-CI), University of Calgary, New York University [New York] (NYU), NYU System (NYU), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, University of Georgia [USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Instituto Politecnico Nacional [Mexico] (IPN), Abertay University (Abertay University), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), University of Pretoria [South Africa], and University of Lethbridge

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Science, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Key (music), Style (sociolinguistics), social behaviour, [SCCO]Cognitive science, biology.animal, ddc:570, Behavioral and Social Science, dominance style, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal communication, Primate, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Research Articles, Sociality, QL, Multidisciplinary, biology, communication, QH, Repertoire, 05 social sciences, DAS, QL Zoology, sociality, vocal, C800 Psychology, vocal, sociality, communication, dominance style, social behaviour, Dominance hierarchy, Dominance (ethology), communication, sociality, social behaviour, dominance style, vocal, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Animal communication has long been thought to be subject to pressures and constraints associated with social relationships. However, our understanding of how the nature and quality of social relationships relates to the use and evolution of communication is limited by a lack of directly comparable methods across multiple levels of analysis. Here, we analysed observational data from 111 wild groups belonging to 26 non-human primate species, to test how vocal communication relates to dominance style (the strictness with which a dominance hierarchy is enforced, ranging from 'despotic' to 'tolerant'). At the individual-level, we found that dominant individuals who were more tolerant vocalized at a higher rate than their despotic counterparts. This indicates that tolerance within a relationship may place pressure on the dominant partner to communicate more during social interactions. At the species-level, however, despotic species exhibited a larger repertoire of hierarchy-related vocalizations than their tolerant counterparts. Findings suggest primate signals are used and evolve in tandem with the nature of interactions that characterize individuals' social relationships. Publisher PDF

Published
2021

35. Postcranial anatomy of the extinct terrestrial sloth Simomylodon uccasamamensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the Bolivian Altiplano, and its evolutionary implications

Author

Timothy J. Gaudin, Philippe Münch, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Rubén Andrade Flores, Bernardino Mamani Quispe, François Pujos, Laurent Marivaux, Alberto Boscaini, Néstor Toledo, Marcos Fernández-Monescillo, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Bolivia (MNHN-Bol), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Department of Biology, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales [Mendoza] (CONICET-IANIGLA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo [Mendoza] (UNCUYO), National Geographic Society, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, biology, Pleistocene, Paleontology, Postcrania, Xenarthra, Anatomy, Sloth, biology.organism_classification, Neogene, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Mylodontidae, biology.animal, Taxonomy (biology), [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Cenozoic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Extinct terrestrial sloths are common elements of the late Cenozoic South American fossil record. Among them, Mylodontinae species were particularly abundant in the Americas throughout the Pleistocene epoch, and their anatomy is relatively well known. In contrast, less information is available from the Neogene record and particularly from localities at low latitudes, with an additional and considerable bias in favor of craniodental rather than postcranial remains. In this contribution, we provide comparative descriptions of several postcranial bony elements ascribed to Simomylodon uccasamamensis, a moderatesized extinct mylodontine from the Andean Altiplano. This species was particularly abundant during latest Miocene–late Pliocene times in the high altitudes of the Andean Cordillera, and so far represents the best known mylodontine from the Neogene of South America. Its anatomy is compared with that of several extinct terrestrial sloths, with the aim of using the observed morphologies to elucidate taxonomy, phylogeny, and locomotion. From a morphofunctional perspective, the postcranium of S. uccasamamensis is consistent with that of a terrestrial graviportal quadruped, with moderate climbing and digging capabilities.

Published
2021

36. Logical modelling of in vitro differentiation of human monocytes into dendritic cells unravels novel transcriptional regulatory interactions

Author

Arantza Sanchéz-Jiménez, Ana V. Leon-Apodaca, Karen J. Nuñez-Reza, M. Angélica Santana, Denis Thieffry, Morgane Thomas-Chollier, Aurélien Naldi, Alejandra Medina-Rivera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut de biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thomas-Chollier, Morgane, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Bioengineering, Biology, Cell fate determination, Biochemistry, stat, Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, computational biology, regulatory networks, medicine, Transcription factor, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Interleukin 4, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], systems biology dendritic cells, Promoter, Immunotherapy, bioinformatics, differentiation, Acquired immune system, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Cell biology, logical modelling, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biotechnology
Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major specialized antigen-presenting cells, thereby connecting innate and adaptive immunity. Because of their role in establishing adaptive immunity, they constitute promising targets for immunotherapy. Monocytes can differentiate into DCs in vitro in the presence of colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and interleukin 4 (IL4), activating four signalling pathways (MAPK, JAK/STAT, NFKB and PI3K). However, the downstream transcriptional programme responsible for DC differentiation from monocytes (moDCs) remains unknown. By analysing the scientific literature on moDC differentiation, we established a preliminary logical model that helped us identify missing information regarding the activation of genes responsible for this differentiation, including missing targets for key transcription factors (TFs). Using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data from the Blueprint consortium, we defined active and inactive promoters, together with differentially expressed genes in monocytes, moDCs and macrophages, which correspond to an alternative cell fate. We then used this functional genomic information to predict novel targets for previously identified TFs. By integrating this information, we refined our model and recapitulated the main established facts regarding moDC differentiation. Prospectively, the resulting model should be useful to develop novel immunotherapies targeting moDCs.

Published
2021

37. Antitumor Effects of Freeze-Dried Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Extracts on Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Author

Deborah de Almeida Bauer Guimarães, Otniel Freitas-Silva, Ayelén D Nigra, Anderson Junger Teodoro, César G. Prucca, Germán A. Gil, AYELÉN D. NIGRA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, DEBORAH DE ALMEIDA BAUER GUIMARÃES, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro -UNIRIO, CÉSAR G. PRUCCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, OTNIEL FREITAS SILVA, CTAA, ANDERSON J. TEODORO, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UNIRIO, and GERMÁN A. GIL, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Aging, Article Subject, Population, Cell Culture Techniques, Apoptosis, Breast Neoplasms, Coffea, Coffea canephora, Biochemistry, Coffee, Food technology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Humans, Viability assay, education, Clonogenic assay, skin and connective tissue diseases, education.field_of_study, biology, QH573-671, Plant Extracts, Extrato Vegetal, Cancer, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Cell cycle, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Grão, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Café Robusta, Cancer research, Produto de Origem Vegetal, Female, Câncer, Cytology, Research Article
Abstract

Coffee consumption is believed to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects and to contribute to preventing thedevelopment and progression of cancer. However, there is still controversy around these claims. As indicated in our previousworks, diet can influence the risk of breast cancer. Intake of coffee is hypothesized to reduce this risk, but current scientificevidence is not conclusive. This work is aimed at studying the effects of Robusta coffee bean extract on cell viability,proliferation, and apoptosis of different human cancers, especially breast cancer cell lines. To this end, cell viability wasevaluated by Alamar Blue in 2D and 3D models, the cell cycle by PI, apoptosis by annexin V, mitochondrial morphology, andfunctionality by mitoTracker, and colony formation capacity by the clonogenic assay. Green and dark coffee extract significantlyreduced viability in human breast, colorectal, brain, and bone cancer cells. Coffee anticancer activity was clearly evidenced inMDA-MB-231 (ER-) and MCF-7 (ER+) breast cancer cells but not in the normal breast cell line. In addition, coffee extractinduces an increase S phase and a decrease G2/M population in breast cancer cells, affected the mitochondrial morphology, andtriggered apoptosis. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells lost their clonogenic capacity after treatment. The antitumor activity wasdemonstrated in both 2D and 3D culture cell models Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-15T12:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antitumor-Effects-of-Freeze-Dried-Robusta-Coffee-Coffea-canephora-Extracts-on-Breast-Cancer-Cell-Lines.pdf: 2995444 bytes, checksum: 691c655dde88cf18d7904d63b257457f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Research Article.

Published
2021

38. Extended studies of interspecific relationships in Daucus (Apiaceae) using DNA sequences from ten nuclear orthologues

Author

Philipp W. Simon, Fernando Martínez-Flores, Holly Ruess, Charlotte J. Allender, David M. Spooner, Manuel B. Crespo, Carlos I. Arbizu, Emmanuel Geoffriau, Universidad de Alicante, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, University of Warwick [Coventry], University of Wisconsin-Madison, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), University of Alicante : UA2004-47056131, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, and Botánica y Conservación Vegetal

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Germplasm, Plant Science, Biology, phylogeny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Daucus, [SDV.GEN.GPL]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Plants genetics, taxonomy, 03 medical and health sciences, Carrot, Phylogenetics, Botany, Typification, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Endemism, SB, Nomenclature, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, carrot, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Apiaceae, QH, QK, Botánica, germplasm, biology.organism_classification, Maximum parsimony, Biotecnología agrícola, Biotecnología alimentaria, Daucinae, nomenclature, Taxonomy (biology), typification
Abstract

24 Páginas Daucus has traditionally been estimated to comprise 21–25 species, but a recent study expanded the genus to c. 40 species. The present study uses ten nuclear orthologues to examine 125 accessions, including 40 collections of 11 species (D. annuus, D. arcanus, D. decipiens, D. durieua, D. edulis, D. gracilis, D. minusculus, D. montanus, D. pumilus, D. setifolius and D. tenuissimus) newly examined with nuclear orthologues. As in previous nuclear orthologue studies, Daucus resolves into two well-defined clades, and groups different accessions of species together. Maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses provide concordant results, but SVD quartets reveals many areas of disagreement of species within these two major clades. With maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses Daucus montanus (hexaploid) is resolved as an allopolyploid between D. pusillus (diploid) and D. glochidiatus (tetraploid), whereas with SVD quartets it is resolved as an allopolyploid between D. glochidiatus and an unknown Daucus sp. We propose the new combination Daucus junceus (Durieua juncea) for a neglected species endemic to the south-western Iberian Peninsula often referred to as D. setifolius, and we place D. arcanus in synonymy with D. pusillus. Three lectotypes are also designated. INTRODUCTION. MATERIAL AND METHODS. RESULTS. DISCUSSION. NOMENCLATURAL PROPOSALS. REFERENCES

Published
2019

39. Synthesis and physic-chemical properties of a novel chromate compound with potential biological applications, bis(2-phenylethylammonium) chromate(VI)

Author

Fehmi Bardak, Sonia Trabelsi, Thierry Roisnel, Houda Marouani, Noureddine Issaoui, Ahmet Atac, Silvia Antonia Brandán, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Université de Monastir - University of Monastir (UM), Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT), Manisa Celal Bayar University, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Carthage, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, LR13ES08 Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux, Bizerte, 7021, Tunisia, University of Monastir, Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics LR18ES18, Faculty of Sciences, Monastir, 5079, Tunisia, Cátedra de Química General, Instituto de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán., Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán R 4000, Argentina, Department of Physics, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey, and Centre de Diffractométrie X, Unité Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Université de Rennes I, UMR 6226 CNRS, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes, 35042, France

Subjects
Organic-inorganic hybrid material, Denticity, Stereochemistry, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Crystal structure, 010402 general chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Aminothiazole, [CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/Cristallography, medicine, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Spectroscopy, Antibacterial and anti-fungal activities, Chromate conversion coating, biology, Acyl carrier protein synthase, 010405 organic chemistry, Hydrogen bond, Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Single crystal X-ray, IR spectroscopy, Chromate(VI), Molecular docking, biology.protein
Abstract

International audience; The structure of bis(2-phenylethylammonium) chromate (VI) (2phCr) was determined from X-ray diffraction data. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system (space group C2/c) with the lattice parameters a = 38.136 (2) Å b = 11.2334 (6) Å c = 8.1643 (4) Å; β = 98.480 (2) V = 3459.3 (3) Å 3 and Z = 8. The structure was solved from 3358 independent reflections with R = 0.034 and Rw = 0.1089. The structure consists of discrete anions (CrO 4 2− ) stacked in layers parallel to (b, c) plane at x = 1/4 and 3/4. These anions are connected to the 2-phenylethylammonium cations through N–H⋯O and C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional arrangement. Crystal structure and spectroscopic studies are reported for the 2phCr. In addition, Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots estimate the intermolecular interactions accountable for the generation of crystal packing. Furthermore, the title compound was screened for antibacterial activities against five pathogenic strains namely Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Staphylococus aureus ATCC 6538, Enterococcus feacium ATCC 19434 and Streptocoque B (Sreptococcus agalactiae) and antifungal activities against a clinical strain called Candida albicans ATCC 10231, corroborating significant activity. In silico investigation of bioactivity of 2phCr was performed via molecular docking analysis with four types of secreted aspartic proteinases (SAP, SAP1, SAP3, and SAP5) from Candida albicans to explore the antifungal properties in comparison to behavior of known antifungals used to treat Candida albicans, and with three types of β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein synthase enzymes (KAS I (FabB), KAS II (FabF) and KAS III (FabH)) from Escherichia coli in comparison with that of aminothiazole, thilactomycin, and cerulerin antimicrobials. In addition, the complete assignments for 2phCr are reported considering monodentate coordination for the chromate group.

Published
2019

40. New world goat populations are a genetically diverse reservoir for future use

Author

Esteban Jiménez Alfaro, Kleibe de Moraes Silva, Samuel Rezende Paiva, Concepta McManus, Arthur da Silva Mariante, Laura Chaverri Esquivel, Argerie Mendez, El Hamidi Hay, María Isabel Camacho Cascante, Olivardo Facó, Danielle A. Faria, Maria Rosa Lanari, C. A. Mezzadra, Tiago do Prado Paim, H. D. Blackburn, TIAGO DO PRADO PAIM, Universidade de Brasília (UnB) - Brasília, DF, Brazil, CONCEPTA McMANUS, EL HAMIDI HAY, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory - Miles City, MT, USA, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano (IF Goiano) - Iporá, GO, Brazil, DANIELLE ASSIS FARIA, Universidade de Brasília (UnB) - Brasília, DF, Brazil, CARLOS ALBERTO MEZZADRA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) - Buenos Aires, Argentina, ARTHUR DA SILVA MARIANTE, Cenargen, LAURA CHAVERRI ESQUIVEL, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica - Heredia, Costa Rica, SAMUEL REZENDE PAIVA, Cenargen, MARÍA ISABEL CASCANTE, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica - Heredia, Costa Rica, ESTEBAN JIMENEZ ALFARO, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica - Heredia, Costa Rica, ARGERIE MENDEZ, Instituto de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA) - San José, Costa Rica, OLIVARDO FACO, CNPC, KLEIBE DE MORAES SILVA, CNPC, and HARVEY D. BLACKBURN, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, USDA, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Subjects
Land races, 0301 basic medicine, Population genetics, Population Dynamics, lcsh:Medicine, Breeding, Variación Genética, 0302 clinical medicine, Adaptation, Psychological, Genotype, lcsh:Science, Phylogeny, Ancestor, Caprinos, 2. Zero hunger, Cabra, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Goats, Adaptabilidad, Breed, Brazil, Costa Rica, Population, Argentina, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Introduced species, Animals, Selection, Genetic, education, Selection (genetic algorithm), Animal breeding, Western hemisphere, Genetic diversity, lcsh:R, Genetic Variation, Nannygoats, United States, Adaptability, Goat breeds, Genetics, Population, 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Q, Animal genetics, Adaptation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Western hemisphere goats have European, African and Central Asian origins, and some local or rare breeds are reported to be adapted to their environments and economically important. By-in-large these genetic resources have not been quantified. Using 50 K SNP genotypes of 244 animals from 12 goat populations in United States, Costa Rica, Brazil and Argentina, we evaluated the genetic diversity, population structure and selective sweeps documenting goat migration to the “New World”. Our findings suggest the concept of breed, particularly among “locally adapted” breeds, is not a meaningful way to characterize goat populations. The USA Spanish goats were found to be an important genetic reservoir, sharing genomic composition with the wild ancestor and with specialized breeds (e.g. Angora, Lamancha and Saanen). Results suggest goats in the Americas have substantial genetic diversity to use in selection and promote environmental adaptation or product driven specialization. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining goat conservation programs and suggest an awaiting reservoir of genetic diversity for breeding and research while simultaneously discarding concerns about breed designations. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche Fil: do Prado Paim, Tiago. Universidade de Brasília; Brasil. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Fazenda Escola Campus Iporá; Brasil Fil: Assis Faria, Danielle. Universidade de Brasília; Brasil Fil: Hay, El Hamidi. USDA Agricultural Research Service. Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory; Estados Unidos Fil: McManus, Concepta. Universidade de Brasília; Brasil Fil: Lanari, María Rosa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Chaverri Esquivel, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica; Costa Rica Fil: Cascante, María Isabel. Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica; Costa Rica Fil: Jimenez Alfaro, Esteban. Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica; Costa Rica Fil: Mendez, Argerie. Instituto de Innovación y Transferencia en Tecnologia Agropecuaria; Costa Rica Fil: Faco, Olivardo. Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos. Fazenda Três Lagoas; Brasil Fil: de Moraes Silva, Kleibe. Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos. Fazenda Três Lagoas; Brasil Fil: Mezzadra, Carlos Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina Fil: Mariante, Arthur. Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia. Parque Estação Biológica; Brasil Fil: Rezende Paiva, Samuel. Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia. Parque Estação Biológica; Brasil Fil: Blackburn, Harvey David. USDA. National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation; Estados Unidos

Published
2019

41. Insights into Second-Sphere Effects on Redox Potentials, Spectroscopic Properties, and Superoxide Dismutase Activity of Manganese Complexes with Schiff-Base Ligands

Author

Christelle Hureau, Joaquín Ferreyra, Fabio Doctorovich, Ana Foi, Micaela Richezzi, Claudia Palopoli, Elodie Anxolabéhère-Mallart, Amandine Conte-Daban, Sandra Signorella, Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Bioquımicas y Farmaceuticas [Rosario] (FBIOyF), Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe]-Universidad Nacional de Rosario [Santa Fe], Laboratoire de chimie de coordination (LCC), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física (DQIAQF), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM (UMR_7591)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National University of Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientifícas y Técnicas (CONICET, PIP 0337), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, PICS 07121), CONICET/CNRS bilateral agreement (Res. 991/13), Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation of Santa Fe (ASACTeI, IO 2010-164-16), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering, SECOND-SPHERE EFFECTS, chemistry.chemical_element, Manganese, MANGANESE COMPLEXES, Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, Redox, Article, law.invention, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], lcsh:Chemistry, Superoxide dismutase, Metal, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nucleophile, law, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4 [https], [CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistry, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Schiff base, biology, SCHIFF-BASE LIGANDS, 010405 organic chemistry, SOD MIMICS, Ciencias Químicas, General Chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:QD1-999, chemistry, 13. Climate action, visual_art, Nitro, biology.protein, visual_art.visual_art_medium, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Six Mn-Schiff base complexes, [Mn(X-salpn)]0/+ (salpn = 1,3-bis(sal-ic-ylidenamino)propane, X = H [1], 5-Cl [2], 2,5-F2 [3], 3,5-Cl2 [4], 5-NO2 [5], 3,5-(NO2)2 [6]), were synthesized and characterized in solution, and second-sphere effects on their electrochemical and spectroscopic properties were analyzed. The six complexes catalyze the dismutation of superoxide with catalytic rate constants in the range 0.65 to 1.54 × 106 M–1 s–1 obtained through the nitro blue tetrazolium photoreduction inhibition superoxide dismutases assay, in aqueous medium of pH 7.8. In solution, these compounds possess two labile solvent molecules in the axial positions favoring coordination of the highly nucleophilic O2•– to the metal center. Even complex 5, [Mn(5-(NO2)salpn) (OAc) (H2O)], with an axial acetate in the solid state, behaves as a 1:1 electrolyte in methanolic solution. Electron paramagnetic resonance and UV–vis monitoring of the reaction of [Mn(X-salpn)]0/+ with KO2 demonstrates that in diluted solutions these complexes behave as catalysts supporting several additions of excess O2•–, but at high complex concentrations (≥0.75 mM) catalyst self-inhibition occurs by the formation of a catalytically inactive dimer. The correlation of spectroscopic, electrochemical, and kinetics data suggest that second-sphere effects control the oxidation states of Mn involved in the O2•– dismutation cycle catalyzed by complexes 1–6 and modulate the strength of the Mn-substrate adduct for electron-transfer through an inner-sphere mechanism. Fil: Palopoli, Claudia Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Ferreyra, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina Fil: Conte Daban, Amandine. Université Paul Sabatier; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Richezzi, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Argentina Fil: Foi, Maria Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Doctorovich, Fabio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Anxolabéhère, Elodie. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7; Francia Fil: Hureau, Christelle. Université Paul Sabatier; Francia Fil: Signorella, Sandra Rosanna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Química Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Química Rosario; Argentina

Published
2019

42. Biomarkers at different levels of organisation after atrazine formulation (SIPTRAN 500SC®) exposure in Rhinella schineideri (Anura: Bufonidae) Neotropical tadpoles

Author

Classius de Oliveira, Lilian Franco-Belussi, Guillermo Sebastián Natale, Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), and Universidad Nacional de La Plata

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Otras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, Liver histopathology, Zoology, 010501 environmental sciences, Cellular level, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, Ciencias Biológicas, chemistry.chemical_compound, INTEGRATIVE RESPONSES, PIGMENTARY SYSTEM, ATRAZINE FORMULATION, Rhinella schneideri, RHINELLA SCHNEIDERI, Bioassay, Liver damage, Atrazine, ENDPOINTS, NEOTROPICAL TADPOLES, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, General Medicine, Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Ecología, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, chemistry, Rhinella, Micronucleus, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:04:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Consejo Nacional para Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Universidade Estadual Paulista Brazil is an important consumer of herbicides. In sugarcane cultivation—the country's most extensive agricultural crop—atrazine-based formulations are the principal form of weed control. Several studies have investigated adverse effects of atrazine or their formulations on anurans, but not specifically on Brazilian species. Our aim was therefore to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of an atrazine-based herbicide in Rhinella schneideri tadpoles and, in particular, effects on the pigmentation system as a new endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. Rhinella schneideri tadpoles at the Gosner-30 stage were exposed to the atrazine-based herbicide formulation, SIPTRAN 500 SC®, in acute bioassays at concentrations of 1.5–25 mg/L. The lethal and sublethal effects induced were analysed at different ecotoxicological levels: organismal level (alterations in behaviour, growth, development, and body mass; morphologic abnormalities), histological level (liver histopathology), the pigmentation system (melanomacrophages and dermal-melanophores), and cellular level (erythrocyte micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities). This herbicide induced sublethal effects at the organismal level with alterations in swimming and growth and morphologic abnormalities. These results demonstrated that, in anuran tadpoles, the atrazine-based agrochemical increased the frequency of micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities in erythrocytes and caused liver damage. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time effects of an atrazine-based formulation on the pigmentation system of anuran tadpoles, specifically an increase in the number of melanomacrophages and dermal melanophores. This study is the first to use several widely differing endpoints at different ecotoxicological levels in a comprehensive manner for assessment of the effects of environmental stressors in order to determine the health status of Neotropical anuran species. In doing so, this study establishes a foundation for future ecological assessments. Atrazine-based formulation promotes deleterious effects at different ecotoxicological levels in Neotropical anuran involving hepato- and cytotoxicity. Instituto de Química de San Luis INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET) Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto Instituto de Biociências (InBio) Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente CIM (UNLP-CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto CAPES: 001 FAPESP: 2013/02067-5 FAPESP: 2014/00946-4 CNPq: 305081/2015-2 CAPES: 62 CAPES: 817737/2015

Published
2019

43. How is the evolution of tumour resistance at organ-scale impacted by the importance of the organ for fitness?

Author

Benjamin Roche, Frédéric Thomas, Cindy Gidoin, Beata Ujvari, Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (MIVEGEC-CREEC), Processus Écologiques et Évolutifs au sein des Communautés (PEEC), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Deakin University [Burwood], Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Centre de Recherches Ecologiques et Evolutives sur le Cancer (CREEC), Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Universtié Yaoundé 1 [Cameroun]-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Université de Yaoundé I-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Evolution, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Trade-off, Biology, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, Models, Biological, Metastasis, 03 medical and health sciences, Cancer risk, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, medicine, QH359-425, Humans, Computer Simulation, Neoplasm Metastasis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Organism, Natural selection, Resistance (ecology), Incidence, Reproduction, Cancer, medicine.disease, Biological Evolution, 030104 developmental biology, Organ Specificity, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Tumorigenesis, Carcinogenesis, Research Article
Abstract

Background A strong variability in cancer incidence is observed between human organs. Recently, it has been suggested that the relative contribution of organs to organism fitness (reproduction or survival) could explain at least a part of the observed variation. The objective of this study is to investigate theoretically the main factors driving the evolution of tumour resistance mechanisms of organs when their relative contribution to organism fitness is considered. We use a population-scale model where individuals can develop a tumour in a key organ (i.e. in which even a small tumour can negatively impact organism fitness), an auxiliary organ (i.e. in which only a large tumour has a relatively significant impact) or both organs because of metastasis. Results Our simulations show that natural selection acts in two different ways to prevent cancer in a key and an auxiliary organs. In the key organ, the strategy mostly selected is the highest resistance and only a high cost of resistance mitigates this behavior. Inversely, we observe that a low resistance strategy can be selected in the auxiliary organ when the development of the tumour is slow and the effect of a large tumour on the mortality of the organism is relatively weak. Nevertheless, if the tumour can spread to a key organ, higher resistance strategies are selected in the auxiliary organ. Conclusion Finally, our study demonstrates that the relative contribution of organs to the organism fitness and the metastatic propensity of the tumour influence the evolution of tumour resistance at organ scale and should be considered by studies aiming to explain the variability in cancer incidence at organ-scale. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-018-1298-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2018

44. Authors’ Reply to Letter to the Editor: Continued improvement to genetic diversity indicator for CBD

Author

Jennifer Pierson, Laura D. Bertola, Myriam Heuertz, Isa-Rita M. Russo, Linda Laikre, Joachim Mergeay, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Philip W. Hedrick, Rob Ogden, Cristiano Vernesi, Gonzalo Gajardo, Anna J. MacDonald, Nils Ryman, Fred W. Allendorf, David O'Brien, Gernot Segelbacher, Sean Hoban, Pablo Orozco-terWengel, Antonio González-Rodríguez, Lisette P. Waits, Michael William Bruford, Ivan Paz-Vinas, Catherine E. Grueber, W. Chris Funk, Kerstin Johannesson, Clarisse Palma-Silva, Per Sjögren-Gulve, Libby Liggins, Margaret E. Hunter, Martin F. Breed, Farideh Moharrek, Stockholm University, Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies [Moscow] (IBEST), University of Idaho [Moscow, USA], Division of Biological Sciences [San Diego], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, The City College of New York (CCNY), City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), Flinders University [Adelaide, Australia], School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Centro Universitario de los Lagos - Universidad de Guadalajara (U de G), Universidad de Guadalajara-Nanotechnology laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), The University of Sydney, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), U.S Geological Survey, University of Gothenburg (GU), Massey University, Australian National University (ANU), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Scottish Natural Heritage, Scotland, UK, The Roslin Institute, University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Fondazione Edmund Mach - Edmund Mach Foundation [Italie] (FEM), The Morton Arboretum, School of Biological Sciences [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Genetics & Heredity, 0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Genetic diversity, Science & Technology, Letter to the editor, Ecology, Ecology (disciplines), Biodiversity & Conservation, Biodiversity, SIZES, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, Diversite genetique, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Genetics, Biodiversity Conservation, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

ispartof: CONSERVATION GENETICS vol:22 issue:4 pages:533-536 status: published

Published
2021

45. Tolerance to Abiotic Factors of Microsclerotia and Mycelial Pellets From Metarhizium robertsii, and Molecular and Ultrastructural Changes During Microsclerotial Differentiation

Author

Cárita S. Ribeiro-Silva, Nicolás Pedrini, Carla Huarte-Bonnet, Éverton K. K. Fernandes, Flávia R. S. Paixão, Gabriel Moura Mascarin, FLÁVIA REGINA SANTOS DA PAIXÃO, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CARLA HUARTE BONNET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CÁRITA SOUZA RIBEIRO-SILVA, UFG, GABRIEL MOURA MASCARIN, CNPMA, and ÉVERTON KORT KAMP FERNANDES, UFG.

Subjects
Ultraviolet radiation, Bioquímica, Hypha, Fungo Entomógeno, Biology, UV-B radiation, thermotolerance, Conidium, SB1-1110, Heat tolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, Raio Ultravioleta, Botany, Radiação Solar, Metarhizium robertsii, oxidative stress, Tolerância, Mycelium, Ciencias Exactas, 030304 developmental biology, Abiotic component, 0303 health sciences, Fungo Para Controle Biológico, 030306 microbiology, Plant culture, Controle Biológico, entomopathogenic fungi, biology.organism_classification, Photoprotection, Biological control, Ultrastructure, Metarhizium, gene expression, Desiccation
Abstract

Metarhizium species fungi are able to produce resistant structures termed microsclerotia, formed by compacted and melanized threads of hyphae. These propagules are tolerant to desiccation and produce infective conidia, thus they are promising candidates to use in biological control programs. In this study, we investigated the tolerance to both UV-B radiation and heat of microsclerotia of Metarhizium robertsii strain ARSEF 2575. We also adapted the liquid medium and culture conditions to obtain mycelial pellets from the same isolate in order to compare these characteristics between both types of propagules. We followed the peroxisome biogenesis and studied the oxidative stress during differentiation from conidia to microsclerotia by transmission electron microscopy after staining with a peroxidase activity marker, and by the expression pattern of genes potentially involved in these processes. We found that despite their twice smaller size, microsclerotia exhibited higher dry biomass, yield, and conidial productivity than mycelial pellets, both with and without UV-B and heat stresses. From the sixteen genes measured, we found an induction after 96-h differentiation in the oxidative stress marker genes MrcatA, MrcatP, and Mrgpx, the peroxisome biogenesis factors Mrpex5 and Mrpex14/17, and the photoprotection genes Mrlac1, Mrlac2, and Mrlac3. We concluded that an oxidative stress scenario is induced during microsclerotia differentiation in M. robertsii, and confirmed that due to its tolerance to desiccation, heat, and UV-B, this fungal structure could be an excellent candidate for use in biological control of pests under tropical and subtropical climates where heat and UV radiation are detrimental to entomopathogenic fungi survival and persistence., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata

Published
2021

46. Soil bioindicators associated to different management regimes of Cedrela odorata plantations

Author

Christian Hernández, Anne Marie Farnet da Silva, Terrence G. Gardner, Isabelle Gaime Perraud, José Antonio García Pérez, Mayra Caballero, Yareni Perroni, Enrique Alarcón Gutiérrez, I. Barois, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, Soil health, Irrigation, Rhizosphere, Soil test, Forestry, Mineralization (soil science), 15. Life on land, Biology, 6. Clean water, Soil management, Agronomy, Litter, Monoculture, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; A good bioindicator of soil health is one that perceives minor changes due to changes in soil management and leads to changes in the processes of the soil ecosystem. The aim was to evaluate the use of soil bioindicators in the determination of the utility of two different Cedrela odorata forestry management systems. The litter and soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of a monoculture (with no fertilization nor irrigation), and a co-culture (with fertilization and irrigation) stand with Citrus latifolia. The soil and litter bioindicators measured were the activity of acetylesterase (FDA), acid phosphatase (AcPh), alkaline phosphatase (AlkPh), laccase, and the estimation of the potential net rate of carbon mineralization (PNRCM). The results indicated that soil enzyme activities (FDA and phosphatases) in the litter were sensitive to the different management system treatments. Enzymatic activity, per unit dry weight, was higher in litter of co-culture (FDA = 1.05 nkat g-1 AcPh = 1.33 nkat g-1; AlkPh = 03.0 nkat g-1) than in litter of monoculture (FDA = 0.617nkat g-1; AcPh = 0.40 nkat g-1; AlkPh = 0. 983 nkat g-1). Differences in soil total nitrogen content, organic matter (OM) content, and micronutrients were found. In general, the co-culture stand (with fertilization and irrigation) with C. latifolia showed the best results.

Published
2021

47. Proceedings of the 7th Series of Seminars on Advances in Apomixis Research

Author

Daphné Autran, Olivier Leblanc, Viviana Echenique, Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida [Bahía Blanca] (CERZOS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Sur [Argentina] (UNS), Universidad Nacional del Sur [Argentina] (UNS), Diversité, adaptation, développement des plantes (UMR DIADE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 872417

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, flowering plants, Ecology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Botany, Library science, Conference Report, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, H2020-MSCA-RISE-2020, QK1-989, Apomixis, apomixis, regulation of gene expression, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, seed development, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; These proceedings contain the abstracts for the presentations given at the 7th biennial Seminars on Advances in Apomixis Research, held virtually on 2–3 and 9 December 2020. The first day hosted the kick-off meeting of the EU-funded Mechanisms of Apomictic Development (MAD) project, while the remaining days were dedicated to oral presentations and in-depth exchanges on the latest progress in the field of apomixis and plant reproductive biology research.

Published
2021

48. A GWAS in Latin Americans identifies novel face shape loci, implicating VPS13B and a Denisovan introgressed region in facial variation

Author

Tábita Hünemeier, Andres Ruiz-Linares, Samuel Canizales-Quinteros, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Betty Bonfante, Juan Camilo Chacón-Duque, Laurence Duplomb, Charlotte Montillot, Sagnik Palmal, Javier Mendoza-Revilla, Justin Cotney, Laurence Faivre, Seth M. Weinberg, Victor Acuña-Alonzo, Emma Wentworth, Philip H. Jones, Claudia Jaramillo, Caroline Costedoat, Morgane Dubied, David J. Balding, Manfred Kayser, Pierre Faux, Francisco Rothhammer, Mirsha Sánchez-Quinto, Carla Gallo, Paola Everardo-Martínez, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo, Evie Stergiakouli, Pirro G. Hysi, Ziyi Xiong, Giovanni Poletti, Ceferino Varón-González, Rodrigo Barquera, Maria Cátira Bortolini, Laurence J. Howe, Lauriane Poloni, Rolando González-José, Valeria Villegas, Malena Hurtado, Kaustubh Adhikari, William Arias, Vanessa Granja, Lavinia Schuler-Faccini, Virginia Ramallo, John R. Shaffer, Timothy C. Cox, Tim D. Spector, Gabriel Bedoya, Hugo Villamil-Ramírez, Caio Cesar Silva de Cerqueira, Fan Liu, Binnaz Yalcin, Jorge Gómez-Valdés, Nicolas Navarro, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Connecticut Health Center [Farmington], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University College of London [London] (UCL), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Universidad de Tarapaca, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], National School of Anthropology and History [Mexico City, Mexico] (NSAH), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Scientific Police of São Paulo State [Ourinhos, Brazil], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), University of Bristol [Bristol], King‘s College London, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), University of Melbourne, University of Missouri [Kansas City] (UMKC), University of Missouri System, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Fudan University [Shanghai], Work leading to this publication was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#31771393), the Scientific and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality (18490750300), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2020YFE0201600), the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01) and the 111 Project (B13016), the Leverhulme Trust (F/07 134/DF), BBSRC (BB/I021213/1), the Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University–A*MIDEX (a French 'Investissements d’Avenir' program), Universidad de Antioquia (CODI sostenibilidad de grupos 2013-2014 and MASO 2013-2014), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Apoio a Núcleos de Excelência Program), Fundação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01-DE027023, U01-DE020078, R01-DE016148, and X01-HG007821), and a Santander Research and Scholarship Award. B.B. is supported by a doctoral scholarship from Ecole Doctorale 251 Aix-Marseille Université., ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Unit of Human Evolutionary Genetics, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Department of Genetic Identification, Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Division of Vertebrates and Anthropology, Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Department of Archaeogenetics [Jena] (DAG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Forensic Science, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad de Genomica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Scientific Police of São Paulo State, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS)-Instituto de Biociencias, Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine [Beijing, China], Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI)-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Department of Human Genetics, Department of Anthropology, Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of the West of England [Bristol] (UWE Bristol), School of Oral and Dental Sciences, Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, Facultad de Medicina & Instituto de Alta Investigacion, Universidad de Tarapaca-Universidade de Chile, Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri System-University of Missouri System, School of Mathematics and Statistics [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), State Key Laboratory of Genetics Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University [Shanghai]-School of Life Sciences, Work leading to this publication was funded by grantsfrom the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#31771393), the Scientific andTechnology Committee of Shanghai Municipality (18490750300), the Ministry ofScience and Technology of China (2020YFE0201600), the Shanghai Municipal Scienceand Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01) and the 111 Project (B13016), theLeverhulme Trust (F/07 134/DF), BBSRC (BB/I021213/1), the Excellence Initiative ofAix-Marseille University–A*MIDEX (a French 'Investissements d’Avenir' program),Universidad de Antioquia (CODI sostenibilidad de grupos 2013-2014 and MASO 2013-2014), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Apoio a Núcleos deExcelência Program), Fundação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, theNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01-DE027023, U01-DE020078,R01-DE016148, and X01-HG007821), and a Santander Research and Scholarship Award.B.B. is supported by a doctoral scholarship from Ecole Doctorale 251 Aix-MarseilleUniversité., and Genetic Identification

Subjects
haplotype, Latin Americans, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Genome-wide association study, Genome-wide association studies, Regulatory sequences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Native Americans, single nucleotide polymorphism, GWAS, 10. No inequality, Two-dimensional profiles, Research Articles, Mammals, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, adult, article, SciAdv r-articles, Genomic regions, Hispanic or Latino, craniofacial development, VPS13B, GENÉTICA, Phenotype, American Indian, regulatory sequence, HUMAN POPULATION, Research Article, Morphology, Latin americans, Genotype, animal experiment, introgression, Introgression, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Homo denisovan, 03 medical and health sciences, male, Animals, Humans, controlled study, human, Craniofacial, Facial feature, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Denisovan, Gene, mouse, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, nonhuman, genome-wide association study, Haplotype, face, Human Genetics, Single nucleotide polymorphisms, biology.organism_classification, photography, thickness, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.02 [https], facies, DENOSIVAN HAPLOTYPE, Evolutionary biology, Anthropology, Face, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.07 [https], Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

We carried out a genome-wide association study in Latin Americans and identified novel face morphology loci.., To characterize the genetic basis of facial features in Latin Americans, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of more than 6000 individuals using 59 landmark-based measurements from two-dimensional profile photographs and ~9,000,000 genotyped or imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We detected significant association of 32 traits with at least 1 (and up to 6) of 32 different genomic regions, more than doubling the number of robustly associated face morphology loci reported until now (from 11 to 23). These GWAS hits are strongly enriched in regulatory sequences active specifically during craniofacial development. The associated region in 1p12 includes a tract of archaic adaptive introgression, with a Denisovan haplotype common in Native Americans affecting particularly lip thickness. Among the nine previously unidentified face morphology loci we identified is the VPS13B gene region, and we show that variants in this region also affect midfacial morphology in mice.

Published
2021

49. Synaptic communication mediates the assembly of a self-organizing circuit that controls reproduction

Author

Jonathan Boulanger-Weill, Agnès O. Martin, Pierre Fontanaud, Lian Hollander-Cohen, T. Fiordelisio-Coll, Adèle Faucherre, Patrice Mollard, Matan Golan, D. Gajbhiye, A. Pinot, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Animal Science - Israel, Harvard University [Cambridge], BioCampus Montpellier (BCM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BioCampus (BCM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and Guerineau, Nathalie C.

Subjects
Cell signaling, endocrine system, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Glutamatergic, 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental Neuroscience, Zebrafish larvae, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, SciAdv r-articles, Life Sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], nervous system, Initial phase, Nasal placode, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Reproduction, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Research Article
Abstract

Migration of GnRH neurons, a critical step for vertebrate reproduction, depends on circuit-intrinsic synaptic communication., Migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons from their birthplace in the nasal placode to their hypothalamic destination is critical for vertebrate reproduction and species persistence. While their migration mode as individual GnRH neurons has been extensively studied, the role of GnRH-GnRH cell communication during migration remains largely unexplored. Here, we show in awake zebrafish larvae that migrating GnRH neurons pause at the nasal-forebrain junction and form clusters that act as interhemisphere neuronal ensembles. Within the ensembles, GnRH neurons create an isolated, spontaneously active circuit that is internally wired through monosynaptic glutamatergic synapses into which newborn GnRH neurons integrate before entering the brain. This initial phase of integration drives a phenotypic switch, which is essential for GnRH neurons to properly migrate toward their hypothalamic destination. Together, these experiments reveal a critical step for reproduction, which depends on synaptic communication between migrating GnRH neurons.

Published
2021

50. Validated MAGIC and GWAS population mapping reveals the link between vitamin E content and natural variation in chorismate metabolism in tomato

Author

Christopher Sauvage, Michel Matringe, Luisa Bermúdez, Thomas Guiraud, Luis Alejandro de Haro, Christophe Rothan, Maria Belen De Luca, Elise Albert, Isabelle Atienza, Alisdair R. Fernie, Claire Brehelin, Jean Philipppe Mauxion, Adriano Nunes Nesi, Carine Ferrand, Ramón Asis, Leandro Quadrana, Zhao Jian Tao, Fernando Carrari, Estanislao Burgos, Pierre Baldet, Mathilde Causse, Joana Jorly, Isidore Diouf, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias [Buenos Aires] (IFIBYNE), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes (GAFL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Michigan State University System, Syngenta France, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología [Córdoba] (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas [Córdoba], Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Physiologie cellulaire et végétale (LPCV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max-Planck-Institut, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Grants from ANPCyT Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina. (2014-0984 and 2017-1907), European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (679796), MINCYT-ECOS projects (A11B01 and A14B03), Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Facultad de Agronomía [Buenos Aires], Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Light Photosynthesis & Metabolism (Photosynthesis), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Chorismic Acid, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Plant Science, tocotrieno, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], chemistry.chemical_compound, Solanum lycopersicum, TOMATO FRUIT, Vitamin E, Tocopherol, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, education.field_of_study, biology, Structural gene, Chromosome Mapping, food and beverages, Plants, Genetically Modified, tocopherol, TOCOPHEROL, Tocotrienol, Genetic Engineering, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Transgene, Population, Quantitative trait locus, Genes, Plant, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, TOCOTRIENOL, 03 medical and health sciences, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], education, lvitamin E, fungi, Genetic Variation, Cell Biology, SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM, biology.organism_classification, VITAMIN E, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Genetic Loci, Fruit, Tyrosine, Solanum, Genome-Wide Association Study, 010606 plant biology & botany, tomato fruit
Abstract

Tocochromanols constitute the different forms of vitamin E (VTE), essential components of the human diet, and display a high membrane protectant activity. By combining interval mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we unveiled the genetic determinants of tocochromanol accumulation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. To enhance the nutritional value of this highly consumed vegetable, we dissected the natural intraspecific variability of tocochromanols in tomato fruits and genetically engineered their biosynthetic pathway. These analyses allowed the identification of a total of 25 quantitative trait loci interspersed across the genome pinpointing the chorismate–tyrosine pathway as a regulatory hub controlling the supply of the aromatic head group for tocochromanol biosynthesis. To validate the link between the chorismate–tyrosine pathway and VTE, we engineered tomato plants to bypass the pathway at the arogenate branch point. Transgenic tomatoes showed moderate increments in tocopherols (up to approximately 20%) and a massive accumulation of tocotrienols (up to approximately 3400%). Gene expression analyses of these plants reveal a trade-off between VTE and natural variation in chorismate metabolism explained by transcriptional reprogramming of specific structural genes of the pathway. By restoring the accumulation of alpha-tocotrienols (α-t3) in fruits, the plants produced here are of high pharmacological and nutritional interest. Fil: Burgos, Estanislao. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: de Luca, Maria Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Diouf, Isidore. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: de Haro, Luis Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina Fil: Albert, Elise. Michigan State University; Estados Unidos. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Sauvage, Christopher. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; . Syngenta France SAS; Francia Fil: Tao, Zhao J.. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Bermudez Salazar, Luisa Fernanda. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Asís, Ramon. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentina Fil: Nesi, Adriano N.. Universidade Federal de Viçosa.; Brasil Fil: Matringe, Michel. Universite Joseph Fourier; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Bréhélin, Claire. Universite Joseph Fourier; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Guiraud, Thomas. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Ferrand, Carine. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Atienza, Isabelle. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Jorly, Joana. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Mauxion, Jean P.. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Baldet, Pierre. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; . Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Fernie, Alisdair R.. Institut Max Planck fur Molekulare Physiologie; Alemania Fil: Quadrana, Leandro. Inserm; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia Fil: Rothan, Christophe. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Causse, Mathilde. Centre Nouvelle - Aquitaine Bordeaux ; Instituto National de Recherches Agronomiques, Alimetation Et Environnement; Fil: Carrari, Fernando Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Published
2021

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