2,716 results on '"Yuan Li"'
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2. Transcriptomic analyses provide insight into adventitious root formation of Euryodendron excelsum H. T. Chang during ex vitro rooting
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Yuping Xiong, Kunlin Wu, Yuan Li, Shuangyan Chen, Lin Fang, Ting Zhang, Zhenpeng Wei, Meiyun Niu, Songjun Zeng, Xiaohong Chen, Xincheng Yu, Jinhui Pang, Yuying Yin, Guohua Ma, Xinhua Zhang, Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva, and Beiyi Guo
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Euryodendron excelsum ,Transcriptome ,Root formation ,biology ,Botany ,Horticulture ,biology.organism_classification ,Ex vivo - Abstract
Euryodendron excelsum H. T. Chang, a critically endangered species endemic to China, is a source of valuable material for the furniture and construction industries. However, this species has some challenges associated with rooting during in vitro propagation that have yet to be resolved. In this study, we optimized rooting and conducted a transcriptomic analysis to appreciate its molecular mechanism, thereby promoting the practical application of in vitro propagation of E. excelsum, and providing technical support for the ecological protection of this rare and endangered species. Results showed that ex vitro rooting performed the highest rooting percentage with 98.33% at 25 d. During ex vitro rooting, there was a wide fluctuation of endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the stage of root primordia formation. Transcriptome analysis revealed multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in AR development. DEGs involved in plant hormone signal transduction, such as genes encoding auxin-induced protein, auxin-responsive protein, and IAA-amido synthetase Gretchen Hagen3, and in response to H2O2, oxidative stress, abiotic and biotic stimuli were significantly up- or down-regulated by ex vitro treatment with 1 mM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Our results indicate that ex vitro rooting is an effective method to induce AR from E. excelsum plantlets during micropropagation. DEGs involved in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway played a crucial role in AR formation. H2O2, produced by environmental stimulation, might be related to AR induction as a result of the synergistic action with IBA, ultimately regulating the level of endogenous IAA.
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- 2022
3. Microbial inoculants and garbage fermentation liquid reduced root-knot nematode disease and As uptake in Panax quinquefolium cultivation by modulating rhizosphere microbiota community
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Jianping Han, Xue-min Wei, Xiao-chen Chen, Pei Cao, Yuan Li, and Gang Wang
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Pharmacology ,Rhizosphere ,Biology ,Chaetomium ,biology.organism_classification ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Microbial population biology ,Dry weight ,Nitrogen fixation ,Root-knot nematode ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Fermentation ,Food science ,Microbial inoculant - Abstract
Objective To find a suitable ecological cultivation measure to solve the problem of root-knot nematode disease of Panax quinquefolium (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and the heavy metals accumulating in its roots. Methods Three-year-old P. quinquefolium was treated with four different combinations of microbial inoculant (MI) and garbage fermentation liquid (GFL) [the joint application of ‘TuXiu’ MI and Fifty potassium MI (TF), the combination use of ‘No. 1’ MI and Fifty potassium MI (NF), ‘Gulefeng’ poly-γ-glutamic acid MI (PGA), GFL], and the untreated control (CK). Here, high-throughput sequencing, ICP-MS and UPLC were employed to systematically characterize changes of microbial diversity and structure composition, heavy metals (As, Cd and Pb) content and ginsenoside content among different treatments. Results The results revealed that different MIs and GFL could increase the root dry weight of P. quinquefolium, PGA enhanced it by 83.24%, followed by GFL (49.93%), meanwhile, PGA and GFL were able to lessen root-knot nematode disease incidence by 57.25% and 64.35%. The treatment of PGA and GFL can also effectively reduce heavy metals in roots. The As content in GFL and PGA was decreased by 52.17% and 43.48% respectively, while the Cd and Pb contents of GFL and PGA was decreased somewhat. Additionally, the content of total ginsenosides was increased by 42.14% and 42.07%, in response to TF and NF, respectively. Our metagenomic analysis showed that the relative abundance of particular soil microbial community members related to the biocontrol of root-knot nematode disease and plant pathogen (i.e., Chaetomium in NF, Xylari in GFL, and Microascus in PGA), heavy metal bioremediation (Hyphomacrobium in PGA and Xylaria in GFL), and nitrogen fixation (Nordella and Nitrospira in TF) was significantly increased; notably, potential harmful microflora, such as Plectosaphaerella and Rhizobacter, were more abundant in the control group. Conclusion MI and GFL could improve the quality of P. quinquefolium by modifying its rhizosphere microbial community structure and composition, both of them are beneficial to the development of ecological cultivation of P. quinquefolium.
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- 2022
4. Prey instar preference and functional responses of Mallada basalis (Walker) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to different life stages of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
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Zi-Yuan Li, Juan Zhou, Ying-Xue Guan, Ke-Wei Chen, and Zhi-Ping Pan
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Larva ,Neuroptera ,Insect Science ,Zoology ,Instar ,Biology ,Nymph ,biology.organism_classification ,Predator ,Chrysopidae ,Hemiptera ,Predation - Abstract
Prey instar preference and functional responses of 2- and 3-instar Mallada basalis (Walker) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) larvae to 1- to 3-instar Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) nymphs and adults were assessed in laboratory. Results indicated that both 2- and 3-instar M. basalis larvae preferred young over old P. solenopsis nymphs and adults were the least preferred. The 3-instar M. basalis larvae preyed more adult P. solenopsis than 2-instar larvae. Mallada basalis exhibited type II functional responses to prey densities: An increase in prey density leads to an increase in consumed preys. Regardless of P. solenopsis stages, the number of preys consumed by the 3-instar M. basalis larvae was greater than that by the 2-instar larvae. Attack rates and handling times differed depending on prey and predator stage combinations. The highest attack rate (1.1874) and lowest handling time (0.0040 h) were observed for the 3-instar M. basalis larvae fed on the 1-instar P. solenopsis nymphs. Regardless of P. solenopsis stages, the attack rate of 3-instar M. basalis was greater than 2-instar, whereas the reverse held regarding handling time. The findings collectively indicated that 3-instar M. basalis larvae have greater potential than 2-instar as efficient biological control agent of P. solenopsis. In developing real world biological control programs, however, the 2-instar M. basalis may be released if necessary since the final efficacy of the predator is the summation of the 2- and 3-instar M. basalis.
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- 2021
5. Quorum sensing inhibition of hordenine analogs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens
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Shi-Ming Deng, Yue Liu, Jun-Jian Li, Ai-Qun Jia, and Hong-Yuan Li
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Double bond ,QH301-705.5 ,Stereochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Hordenine analogs ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Article ,Virulence factor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structural Biology ,Genetics ,medicine ,Quorum sensing inhibition ,Biology (General) ,Serratia marcescens ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,QSAR ,Chemistry ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Biofilm ,Hordenine ,biology.organism_classification ,Quorum sensing ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Methyl group - Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) plays an essential role in virulence factor production, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial resistance. As a potent QS inhibitor, hordenine can inhibit both QS and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens. In this work, we tested the QS inhibitory potential of 27 hordenine analogs against QS and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens. Among the tested analogs, seven (12, 28, 27, 26, 2, 23, and 7) exhibited strong QS inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa, five of which (12, 28, 27, 26, and 2) showed better inhibitory activity than hordenine. In addition, seven analogs (28, 12, 23, 7, 26, 2, and 27) exhibited better biofilm inhibition against P. aeruginosa than hordenine. Four analogs (7, 28, 2, and 12) showed QS inhibitory activity against S. marcescens, two of which (7 and 28) demonstrated better inhibitory activity than hordenine. Furthermore, analog 7 showed similar biofilm inhibition against S. marcescens as hordenine. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis indicated that the inhibitory activities of the analogs were related to four factors, i.e., carbon chain length, presence or absence of an α,β-C Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019 C bond, amino group with/without lipophilic group, such as methyl group, and hydroxyl group in benzene ring.
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- 2021
6. Primulina silaniae sp. nov. (Gesneriaceae) from the limestone area of Guizhou Province, China
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Mei Huang, Yu-Lu Zhou, Mei-Jun Li, Xinxiang Bai, Hong Huang, Jin-Quan Zhang, Quan-Yuan Li, Yi Chen, and Fang Wen
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China ,new taxon ,flora of Guizhou ,Plant Science ,Gesneriaceae ,Magnoliopsida ,taxonomy ,subtribe ,Primulina ,Didymocarpinae ,Botany ,Plantae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,biology ,Cenozoic ,Didymocarpoideae ,karst ,biology.organism_classification ,Biota ,Lamiales ,Tracheophyta ,Geography ,QK1-989 ,Research Article - Abstract
Primulina silaniae X.X.Bai & F.Wen, a new species of Primulina Hance (Gesneriaceae) from the limestone area of Wangmo County, Guizhou Province, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to P. spiradiclioides Z.B.Xin & F.Wen, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by a combination of characteristics, especially in the lateral veins of its leaf and floral shape and tube. At present, three populations in one locality of this new taxon were found, totaling about 600 mature individuals. According to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (Version 3.1), the species is provisionally assessed as Vulnerable [VU D1].
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- 2021
7. Genomic Characterization of Group A Streptococci Causing Pharyngitis and Invasive Disease in Colorado, USA, June 2016– April 2017
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Srinivas Nanduri, Saundra Mathis, Samuel R. Dominguez, Yuan Li, Chris A. Van Beneden, Lesley McGee, Zhongya Li, Lisa Miller, Sopio Chochua, Bernard Beall, Joy Rivers, and Benjamin J. Metcalf
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Colorado ,Streptococcus pyogenes ,Population ,Erythromycin ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Group A ,Article ,Microbiology ,Antibiotic resistance ,Streptococcal Infections ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,education ,education.field_of_study ,Transmission (medicine) ,Streptococcus ,Clindamycin ,Pharyngitis ,Genomics ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The genomic features and transmission link of circulating Group A Streptococcus (GAS) strains causing different disease types, such as pharyngitis and invasive disease, are not well understood. Methods We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize GAS isolates recovered from persons with pharyngitis and invasive disease in the Denver metropolitan area from June 2016 to April 2017. Results The GAS isolates were cultured from 236 invasive and 417 pharyngitis infections. Whole-genome sequencing identified 34 emm types. Compared with pharyngitis isolates, invasive isolates were more likely to carry the erm family genes (23% vs 7.4%, P Conclusions In the Denver metropolitan population, mixed disease types were commonly seen in clusters of closely related isolates, indicative of overlapping transmission networks. Antibiotic-resistance and covS inactivation was disproportionally associated with invasive disease.
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- 2021
8. Demersal fish diversity and molecular taxonomy in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea
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Ran Zhang, Nan Zhang, Hai Li, Yuan Li, Longshan Lin, Puqing Song, Fang Yang, Xuehua Wang, Hu-Shun Zhang, and Cheng Liu
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Demersal fish ,biology ,Ecology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Genetics ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular taxonomy ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Diversity (politics) ,media_common - Abstract
DNA barcoding by sequencing a standard region of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COⅠ) provides an accurate, rapid method for identifying different species. In this study, we provide a molecular taxonomic assessment of demersal fishes in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea based on DNA barcoding, and a total of 123 mitochondrial COⅠ partial fragments with a length of 652 bp were obtained. The consensus among all sequences was determined by alignment via a BLAST search in GenBank. Phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed on the basis of neighbor-joining (NJ) trees and barcoding gaps. The 39 species investigated in this analysis were distributed among 10 families. Five families within Scorpaeniformes including 19 species accounted for almost half of the species. The next largest group was Perciformes, with 9 species, followed by Pleuronectiformes and Gadiformes, with 5 species each, and the smallest number of species belonged to Rajiformes. At the family level, Cottidae was the largest family, followed by Zoarcidae, accounting for 8 species. The other eight families—Gadidae, Pleuronectidae, Psychrolutidae, Agonidae, Liparidae, Ammodytidae, Hexagrammidae, and Rajidae—accounted for a smaller proportion of species. In brief, our study shows that DNA barcodes are an effective tool for studying fish diversity and phylogeny in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. The contribution of DNA barcoding to identifying Arctic fish species may benefit further Arctic fish studies on biodiversity, biogeography and conservation in the future.
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- 2021
9. Micro-RNA Regulation on Oct4 Gene Expression and Functional Differentiation in Skin Cancer Cells
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Shun Bai, Bin Yang, Yongjiang Dai, and Yuan Li
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fungi ,embryonic structures ,microRNA ,Gene expression ,Biomedical Engineering ,medicine ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,Skin cancer ,medicine.disease ,Biotechnology ,Cell biology - Abstract
Micro-RNA has a very important role in gene regulation. The stem gene Oct4 is related with the growth, mobility, and infiltration of skin cancer cells. Studying the regulatory mechanism of micro-RNAs of Oct4 in skin cancer cells is of important clinical significance. Oct4 gene was analyzed using bioinformatics methods to find mir-RNA with regulatory functions. mir-RNA high-expression vector and suppression vector with pcDNA3.1-EGFP was transfected to skin cancer cell line HS-4 followed analysis of Oct4 expression 24 h and 48 h after transfection and transwell in-vitro cell invasion assay. Bioinformatics showed that mir-335 has relationship with the Oct4 gene. pcDNA3.1-EGFP-335-up and pcDNA3.1-EGFP-335-down were successfully constructed. 24 and 48 hours after transfection, the Oct4 expression in the high-expression group was gradually and significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the cell migration and infiltration capacity was decreased significantly and showed time dependence with significant differences between groups (P < 0.05). mir-335 expression in suppression group was reduced without change of Oct4 (P > 0.05). Increased mir-335 can decrease the performance of Oct4 in skin cancer cells and inhibit the infiltration ability of cells without affecting cell infiltration capability.
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- 2021
10. Cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats are immune to intense noise
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Li-Biao Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Dong-Ming Xu, Zhen Liu, Meng-Wen Li, Jing Bai, Qi Liu, Wenlu Pan, Peng Shi, Jie Tang, and Peng Chen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hearing loss ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,Human echolocation ,Biology ,Audiology ,Immune system ,Noise exposure ,Hearing ,Chiroptera ,Hair Cells, Auditory ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Phylogeny ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Computational Biology ,Auditory Threshold ,Noise ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Echolocation ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,Transcriptome - Abstract
Exposure to intense noise can damage cochlear hair cells, leading to hearing loss in mammals. To avoid this constraint, most mammals have evolved in relatively quiet environments. Echolocating bats, however, are naturally exposed to continuous intense sounds from their own and neighboring sonar emissions for maintaining sonar directionality and range. Here, we propose the presence of intense noise resistance in cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats against noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). To test this hypothesis, we performed noise exposure experiments for laboratory mice, one nonecholocating bat species, and five echolocating bat species. Contrary to nonecholocating fruit bats and mice, the hearing and the cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats remained unimpaired after continuous intense noise exposure. The comparative analyses of cochleae transcriptomic data showed that several genes protecting cochlear hair cells from intense sounds were overexpressed in echolocating bats. Particularly, the experimental examinations revealed that ISL1 overexpression significantly improved the survival of cochlear hair cells. Our findings support the existence of protective effects in cochlear hair cells of echolocating bats against intense noises, which provides new insight into understanding the relationship between cochlear hair cells and intense noises, and preventing or ameliorating NIHL in mammals.
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- 2021
11. Role and Mechanism of Exosome CircRNA Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4γ2 (EIF4G2) in Cervical Cancer
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Yifan Mao, Liya Zhang, and Yuan Li
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Cervical cancer ,Mechanism (biology) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Exosome ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Cell biology ,Eukaryotic translation ,medicine ,Initiation factor ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Our work was to evaluate Exosome CircRNA EIF4G2 in cervical cancer development. Methods: Using Hela and Siha in our present study. Transfection vector, exosome cirEIF4G2, exosome si-NC or exosome si-circEIF4G2 in cells. Using RT-qPCR to measure circEIF4G2 gene expression in difference cell groups. Evaluating cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and wound healing rate by MTT, flow cytometry, transwell and wound healing assay. The relative proteins, HPV16 E6 and HPV16 E7, were evaluated by WB assay. With Exosome CircRNA EIF4G2 transfection, Hela and Siha cells proliferation, invasion cells number and wound healing rates were significantly increased and cells apoptosis were significantly depressed (P < 0.001, respectively) with HPV16 E6 and HPV16 E7 proteins expression were significantly up-regulation (P < 0.001, respectively). However, with Exosome si-CircRNA EIF4G2 transfection, Hela and Siha cells proliferation, invasion cells number and wound healing rates were significantly depressed and cells apoptosis were significantly increased (P < 0.001, respectively) with HPV16 E6 and HPV16 E7 proteins expression were significantly down-regulation (P < 0.001, respectively). Exosome CircRNA EIF4G2 as an oncology role in cervical cancer via regulation HPV16 E6/E7 up-regulation in vitro study.
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- 2021
12. Clinical Value of Upfront Cranial Radiation Therapy in Osimertinib-Treated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor–Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With Brain Metastases
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Yuan Li, Zhengfei Zhu, Yang Zhao, Wanqin Zeng, Xiao Chu, Jianjiao Ni, Tiantian Guo, Wen Yu, Liqing Zou, Shengping Wang, Q. Liu, Yue Zhou, Yida Li, Luxi Ye, Ya Zeng, Li Chu, Shuyan Li, Xi Yang, and Fan Yu
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Oncology ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung Neoplasms ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Radiosurgery ,Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Osimertinib ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,Lung cancer ,education ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Retrospective Studies ,Acrylamides ,education.field_of_study ,Aniline Compounds ,Radiation ,biology ,Brain Neoplasms ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,ErbB Receptors ,Clinical trial ,Radiation therapy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Cranial Irradiation ,business - Abstract
Purpose As a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), osimertinib has a powerful ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and a high potency for controlling brain metastases (BMs) from EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The clinical value of cranial radiation therapy in osimertinib-treated NSCLC with BMs remains largely unknown. Methods and Materials Patients with NSCLC and BMs and receiving osimertinib treatment as the standard of care were retrospectively enrolled from 2 institutions. Cranial radiation therapy (RT; whole-brain radiation therapy [WBRT] or/and stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS]) performed before disease progression (PD) to osimertinib was categorized as upfront cranial radiation therapy (ucRT group), excluding those treatments performed during prior EGFR-TKI treatment. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and the time to intracranial progression (iTTP) were compared between the 2 groups, with adjustment by covariates in propensity-score matched (PSM) analyses. The state of having 1 to 3 BM lesions, with a maximal size of ≤3 cm, was defined as having oligo-BM; otherwise; the cases were defined as having multiple BMs. Results Of the 205 patients enrolled, osimertinib was used as first-line therapy in 74 and second-line therapy in 131. There were 48 patients who received ucRTs, including WBRT in 24 and SRS in 24. All patients with oligo-BM in the ucRT group received SRS alone (n = 17), whereas most (n = 28; 90.3%) patients with multiple BMs received WBRT. Failure pattern analyses indicated that in the non-ucRT group, 40.2% of the initial PD involved the brain and 76.9% of the cranial PD involved the original sites, indicating the potential roles of ucRT. Indeed, the iTTP was significantly prolonged (P = .010) in the ucRT group among the whole population. In the PSM oligo-BM cohort, the ucRT group showed superior PFS (P = .033) and OS (P = .026) compared with the non-ucRT group, and the differences remained after multivariate Cox analyses. No such differences were observed in the subpopulation with multiple BMs. Conclusions In osimertinib-treated NSCLC patients with BMs, oligo-BM status could be used as a potential factor to select patients for upfront cranial RT. Further investigation by well-designed clinical trials is warranted.
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- 2021
13. A pleiotropic ATM variant (rs1800057 C>G) is associated with risk of multiple cancers
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Hongliang Liu, Chuan-Yuan Li, Lingling Zhao, Qingyi Wei, Jiaoti Huang, Sheng Luo, Kyle M. Walsh, and Danwen Qian
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Genetics ,Cancer Research ,Carcinogenesis ,Cancer ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ,General Medicine ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Phenotype ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Neoplasms ,medicine ,Genetic predisposition ,Humans ,Missense mutation ,DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genotyping ,DNA Damage ,Genetic association - Abstract
ATM (ataxia–telangiectasia mutated) is an important cell-cycle checkpoint kinase required for cellular response to DNA damage. Activated by DNA double strand breaks, ATM regulates the activities of many downstream proteins involved in various carcinogenic events. Therefore, ATM or its genetic variants may have a pleiotropic effect on cancer development. We conducted a pleiotropic analysis to evaluate associations between genetic variants of ATM and risk of multiple cancers. With genotyping data extracted from previously published genome-wide association studies of various cancers, we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis, followed by a meta-analysis for each cancer site, to identify cancer risk-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the ASSET two-sided analysis, we found that two ATM SNPs were significantly associated with risk of multiple cancers. One tagging SNP (rs1800057 C>G) was associated with risk of multiple cancers (two-sided P = 5.27 × 10−7). Because ATM rs1800057 is a missense variant, we also explored the intermediate phenotypes through which this variant may confer risk of multiple cancers and identified a possible immune-mediated effect of this variant. Our findings indicate that genetic variants of ATM may have a pleiotropic effect on cancer risk and thus provide an important insight into common mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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- 2021
14. Three Unusual Sesquiterpenes with Distinctive Ring Skeletons from Daphne penicillata Uncovered by Molecular Networking Strategies
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Yu-Yang Liu, Shu-Yan Qin, Xiao-Xiao Huang, Shao-Jiang Song, Peng Zhao, Ben-Song Xin, Zhi-Yuan Li, Bin Lin, and Guo-Dong Yao
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Quantum chemical ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Molecular networking ,Penicillata ,Sesquiterpene ,Ring (chemistry) ,biology.organism_classification - Abstract
Daphnenoids A-C (1-3), three unusual sesquiterpenes with distinctive ring skeletons, together with a biogenetically related daphnenoid D (4) were obtained from the herb of Daphne penicillata by molecular networking strategies. Daphnenoid A (1) possesses a unique caged tetracyclo [5.3.2.01,6.04,11] dodecane scaffold by unexpected cyclizations of C-1/C-11 and C-2/C-14. Daphnenoids B and C (2 and 3) were the first discovered natural sesquiterpenes with unique 5/5 spirocyclic systems in nature. Their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic analysis, computer-assisted structure elucidation methods, quantum chemical calculations, and X-ray diffraction. A hypothetical biogenetic pathway begins with typical guaiane sesquiterpene (a), including a key intermediate (4) was proposed. Daphnenoids B and C (2 and 3) exhibited potential inhibitory activities on the production of NO against LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells.
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- 2021
15. (±)-Stagonosporopsin A, stagonosporopsin B and stagonosporopsin C, antibacterial metabolites produced by endophytic fungus Stagonosporopsis oculihominis
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Hui-Yuan Li, Jing-yi Yue, Guo-Kai Wang, Ju-Tao Wang, Rao Rao, and Yang Yu
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Circular dichroism ,Natural product ,biology ,Stereochemistry ,Chemistry ,Dendrobium huoshanense ,Plant Science ,Endophytic fungus ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Staphylococcus aureus ,Stagonosporopsis ,medicine ,Enantiomer ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A successive investigation of the endophytic fungus Stagonosporopsis oculihominis isolated from Dendrobium huoshanense led to the discovery of two undescribed secondary metabolites, (±)-stagonosporopsin A and stagonosporopsin B, and a new natural product, stagonosporopsin C. (±)-stagonosporopsin A is a pair of enantiomer. The structures of the isolated compounds, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and X-ray diffraction. Stagonosporopsin C exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC29213 with an MIC50 value of 41.3 μM.
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- 2021
16. Transcriptomic analysis of human endometrial stromal cells during early embryo invasion
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Shan Liu, Shuo Han, Minghui Liu, and Yuan Li
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Endometrial stromal cells ,animal structures ,Stromal cell ,Embryo ,General Medicine ,embryo invasion ,Biology ,Genes, p53 ,Oxidative Phosphorylation ,Cell biology ,Transcriptome ,Endometrium ,embryonic structures ,Gene expression ,Humans ,Female ,sense organs ,Embryo Implantation ,Stromal Cells ,Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ,E1A-Associated p300 Protein ,Research Article ,Medical Genetics & Genomics - Abstract
Purpose During early embryo invasion (48 h after embryo attachment), what functional changes accompany dynamic gene expression alterations in human endometrial stromal cells? Method In the present study, primary human endometrial stromal cells (phESCs) were cultured. After in vitro decidualization, primary human endometrial stromal cells (phESCs) were cultured with blastocysts for 48 h. During this process, blastocysts attached and invaded the phESCs (embryo-invaded primary human endometrial stromal cells, ehESCs). We performed comprehensive transcriptomic profiling of phESCs (two replicates) and ehESCs (five replicates) and analyzed the differentially expressed gene (DEGs) sets for gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. To analyse potential connectivity patterns between the transcripts in these DEG sets, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database. Results A total of 592 DEGs were identified between phESCs and ehESCs after embryo invasion. Primary human endometrial stromal cells underwent significant transcriptomic changes that occur in a stepwise fashion. Oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial organization, and P53 signalling pathways were significantly altered in phESCs after embryo invasion. EP300 may play a key role in regulating transcription via chromatin remodelling to facilitate the adaptive gene expression changes that occur during embryo invasion. Conclusions Our data identify dynamic transcriptome changes that occur in endometrial stromal cells within 48 h after embryo invasion. The pathways that we found to be enriched in phESCs after embryo invasion (oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial organization, and P53 signalling) may represent novel mechanisms underlying embryo implantation, and may illuminate the reasons that some women experience reproductive failure.Key messagesHuman endometrial stromal cells have undergone changes in gene expression regulation and signalling pathways during the embryo invasion.Mitochondrial-oxidative phosphorylation changes in human stromal cells manifested as down-regulation of gene expression in the electron transport chain.TP53 signalling pathway and transcriptional regulator EP300 assist stromal cells to get adaptive changes during embryo invasion phase.
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- 2021
17. Efficacy and economics evaluation of seed rhizome treatment combined with preplant soil fumigation on ginger soilborne disease, plant growth, and yield promotion
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Ouyang Canbin, Yuan Li, Dongdong Yan, Quirico Migheli, Qiuxia Wang, Jin Xu, Aocheng Cao, Xiaoqin Guo, and Guo Meixia
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Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Population ,Fumigation ,Ginger ,Biology ,Soil ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,education ,Plant Diseases ,education.field_of_study ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Crop yield ,Chloropicrin ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Rhizome ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Dazomet ,Seeds ,Zingiber officinale ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is widely planted around the world. Owing to continuous planting, ginger is seriously affected by soilborne fungi, bacteria, and nematodes. Although preplant soil fumigation is an effective prevention strategy of soilborne diseases, individual fumigant and technology could not provide effective control of ginger soilborne disease. In our research, different combinations of soil fumigants and seed rhizome treatments were evaluated by monitoring the soil pathogens population, ginger growth, yield, and estimation of economic benefits. RESULTS Soil fumigation effectively reduced the population of soilborne pathogens, and chloropicrin had a better control effect on soilborne pathogens than dazomet did. Preplant soil fumigation and seed rhizome treatment not only provide good control of soilborne disease, but also reduced the incidence of plant foliar pest and disease. Average yield increase rate of seed rhizome treatment was 12.0%; the highest yield increase was 24.4%. The average cost of seed rhizome treatment only increased by about 2.86%, but the rate of net revenue increase for the seed rhizome treatment reached up to 19.1%. CONCLUSION Seed rhizome treatment is a very cost-effective soilborne disease control technology. In the management of soilborne diseases, the combined application of soil fumigation and seed rhizome treatment can reduce the risk of crops infected by soilborne diseases and ensure high and stable crop yields. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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- 2021
18. Determination of Wolbachia Diversity in 23 Cricket Species (Gryllidae) From China
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Yang Zeng, Yue-Yuan Li, and Dao-Hong Zhu
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biology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Zoology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,Cricket ,Insect Science ,parasitic diseases ,bacteria ,Wolbachia ,China ,human activities ,reproductive and urinary physiology ,Diversity (politics) ,media_common - Abstract
Wolbachia (Hertig) (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) are maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria that are widely present in nematodes and arthropods. These endosymbiont bacteria receive significant research attention because they can have important effects on the biology of their hosts. Here, we present the first detailed analyses of Wolbachia in crickets from China, with screening of 23 species from eight genera. In total, 21 species from the eight genera were positive for Wolbachia. Significant diversity was observed among Wolbachia strains from the crickets based on five multilocus sequence typing (MLST) genes, with 15 different sequence types (STs), of which 12 STs were new to the MLST database. Five species were infected with Wolbachia of supergroup A, 11 species were infected with Wolbachia of supergroup B, and seven species were infected with Wolbachia of supergroup F. Some of the same host species harbored distinctly different Wolbachia strains, suggesting multiple infections of crickets by Wolbachia. Different cricket hosts also harbored closely related Wolbachia strains, and there were three gene recombinations. Horizontal transmission and gene recombination may allow crickets to acquire new Wolbachia strains and have increased the genetic diversity of Wolbachia.
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- 2021
19. Investigation of bacterial diversity in Cajanus cajan-planted gangue soil via high-throughput sequencing
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Yuexia Wang, kaiyi shi, Yuan Li, and Shiming Han
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DNA, Bacterial ,food.ingredient ,restoration ,Microorganism ,gangue ,Industrial Waste ,Bioengineering ,Acidimicrobium ,Serine threonine protein kinase ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,complex mixtures ,Actinobacteria ,Cajanus ,food ,Environmental Restoration and Remediation ,Soil Microbiology ,Principal Component Analysis ,biology ,Bacteria ,Sowing ,food and beverages ,high-throughput sequencing ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,General Medicine ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy ,Soil water ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology ,Acidobacteria ,Research Article ,Research Paper ,Cajanus cajan - Abstract
The ecological restoration of coal gangue can be achieved by planting Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) because of its developed root system. The close relationships soil microorganisms have with plants are crucial for improving soil composition; the soil composition affects nutrient absorption. The microbial composition and function of soil planted with C. cajan in reclaimed land were compared with soil that was not planted with C. cajan (the control). Results showed that the dominant microflora in the soil significantly changed after planting C. cajan. Before planting, the dominant microflora included members of the phyla Sulfobacteria and Acidobacteria. After planting, the dominant microflora contained bacteria from phyla and classes that included Actinobacteria, Acidimicubia, Thermoleophilia, and Anaerolineae. Additionally, there were significant differences in the bacterial composition of each layer in soils planted with C. cajan. Principal component analysis revealed that the interpretation degrees of the results for PC2 and PC3 axes were 10.46% and 3.87%, respectively. The dominant microflora were Vicinamibacterales, Nocardioides, and Arthrobacter in the surface soil; Actinophytocola and Sphingomonas in the deep soil; and Sulfobacillus and Acidimicrobium in the mixed-layer soil. Function prediction analysis using the bioinformatics software package PICRUSt revealed that the abundance of operational taxonomic units corresponding to sigma 54-specific transcriptional regulators, serine threonine protein kinase, and histidine kinase increased by 111.2%, 56.8%, and 47.4%, respectively, after planting C. cajan. This study provides a reference for interactions among microorganisms in reclaimed soils for guiding the development and restoration of waste coal gangue hills.
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- 2021
20. Genome-wide identification and expression profile under abiotic stress of the barley non-specific lipid transfer protein gene family and its Qingke Orthologues
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Jianping Si, Chao Zhang, Huiyan Xiong, Xiongxiong Wu, Yuan Li, Jiecuo Duo, and Ruijun Duan
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Biology ,QH426-470 ,Genome ,Homology (biology) ,Tandem repeat ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Stress, Physiological ,Expression profile ,Barley ,Genetics ,Gene family ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Plant Proteins ,Qingke ,Abiotic stress ,Research ,food and beverages ,Hordeum ,Multigene Family ,Hordeum vulgare ,DNA microarray ,Carrier Proteins ,Genome, Plant ,Non-specific lipid transfer proteins ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs), a group of small, basic ubiquitous proteins to participate in lipid transfer, cuticle formation and stress response, are involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. To date, although the nsLTP gene family of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has been preliminarily identified, it is still unclear in the recently completed genome database of barley and Qingke, and its transcriptional profiling under abiotic stress has not been elucidated as well. Results We identified 40 barley nsLTP (HvLTP) genes through a strict screening strategy based on the latest barley genome and 35 Qingke nsLTP (HtLTP) orthologues using blastp, and these LTP genes were divided into four types (1, 2, D and G). At the same time, a comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics, homology alignment, conserved motifs, gene structure and evolution of HvLTPs and HtLTPs further supported their similar nsLTP characteristics and classification. The genomic location of HvLTPs and HtLTPs showed that these genes were unevenly distributed, and obvious HvLTP and HtLTP gene clusters were found on the 7 chromosomes including six pairs of tandem repeats and one pair of segment repeats in the barley genome, indicating that these genes may be co-evolutionary and co-regulated. A spatial expression analysis showed that most HvLTPs and HtLTPs had different tissue-specific expression patterns. Moreover, the upstream cis-element analysis of HvLTPs and HtLTPs showed that there were many different stress-related transcriptional regulatory elements, and the expression pattern of HvLTPs and HtLTPs under abiotic stress also indicated that numerous HvLTP and HtLTP genes were related to the abiotic stress response. Taken together, these results may be due to the differences in promoters rather than by genes themselves resulting in different expression patterns under abiotic stress. Conclusion Due to a stringent screening and comprehensive analysis of the nsLTP gene family in barley and Qingke and its expression profile under abiotic stress, this study can be considered a useful source for the future studies of nsLTP genes in either barley or Qingke or for comparisons of different plant species.
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- 2021
21. Corrigendum to 'Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 promotes tumor progression and enhances chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer' [Canc. Lett. 500 (2021) 119-131]
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Jinghua Tang, Wenhao Zhou, Qingjian Ou, Rongxin Zhang, Junzhong Lin, Jianhong Peng, Lingheng Kong, Yuan Li, Kai Han, Binyi Xiao, Qiaoqi Sui, Yuxiang Deng, Jiayi Qin, Long Yu, Yujing Fang, Zhizhong Pan, and Pei-Rong Ding
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Cancer Research ,biology ,Colorectal cancer ,business.industry ,Sodium channel ,Nav1.5 ,medicine.disease ,Text mining ,Oncology ,Tumor progression ,Fluorouracil ,medicine ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
22. Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure through activating ERK and IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
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Kai Yan, Han-You Wu, Bing-Bing Jia, Xiang-Cheng Zhang, Zhi-Gang Jie, Quan-Wen Liu, Jing-Yuan Li, Li Tao, and Ye Cao
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0301 basic medicine ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,Apoptosis ,RM1-950 ,Exosomes ,medicine.disease_cause ,Receptor, IGF Type 1 ,Umbilical Cord ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Superoxide dismutase ,Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,ERK1/2 and IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways ,Animals ,Humans ,LY294002 ,Protein kinase B ,Cells, Cultured ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Acetaminophen ,Pharmacology ,biology ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,Disease Models, Animal ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Hepatocytes ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,Liver function ,Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Acute liver failure ,Liver Failure ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exo) in acute liver failure (ALF) in mice as well as its underlying mechanism. We found that a single tail vein administration of hucMSC-Exo effectively enhanced the survival rate, inhibited apoptosis in hepatocytes, and improved liver function in APAP-induced mouse model of ALF. Furthermore, the deletion of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), generation of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the over production of cytochrome P450 E1 (CYP2E1) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) caused by APAP were also inhibited by hucMSC-Exo, indicating that hucMSC-Exo inhibited APAP-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by reducing oxidative stress. Moreover, hucMSC-Exo significantly down-regulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in APAP-treated livers. Western blot showed that hucMSC-Exo significantly promoted the activation of ERK1/2 and IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in APAP-injured LO2 cells, resulting in the inhibition of apoptosis of LO2 cells. Importantly, PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 could reverse the function of hucMSC-Exo on APAP-injured LO2 cells in some extent. Our results suggest that hucMSC-Exo offer antioxidant hepatoprotection against APAP in vitro and in vivo by inhibitiing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via upregulation of ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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- 2021
23. Genetic diversity of the yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Sparidae)—An enhancement species in Dongshan Bay
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Puqing Song, Cheng Liu, Jing Zhang, Yuan Li, Longshan Lin, Binbin Shan, Ying Guan, and Shigang Liu
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Genetic diversity ,biology ,Sparidae ,Acanthopagrus latus ,Actinopterygii ,stock enhancement ,Zoology ,SH1-691 ,genetic diversity ,yellowfin seabream ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Perciformes ,Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ,Bay ,resource decline ,Dongshan Bay - Abstract
Dongshan Bay is located on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, which had abundant fishery resources in the past. With the increase in fishing pressure, resources have declined. To restore the fishery resources in Dongshan Bay and to increase fishing yield, much enhancement and release work has been carried out in Dongshan Bay. The yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Houttuyn, 1782), is an important enhancement species in Dongshan Bay that is also frequently captured. Due to yearly progress in enhancement and release, it is necessary to study the current status of the genetic diversity of yellowfin seabream in Dongshan Bay. The results show that all yellowfin seabream populations have high genetic diversity, which is mainly related to its breeding habits and growth rate, and this ensures a large recruitment stock in the natural seas. The current population has differentiated from the historical population due to a change in genetic structure, and many historical haplotypes have been lost. The results of this study provide a reference for fishery management departments to formulate management measures and conservation policies specifically for yellowfin seabream. In particular, yellowfin seabream is a hermaphroditic and protandrous species. Targeting an older age group as the main fishing subject is not conducive to its breeding protection and resource growth, and therefore, fishing of an older age group should be restricted in fishery production.
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- 2021
24. Testing for EGFR Mutations and ALK Rearrangements in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Considerations for Countries in Emerging Markets
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Alejandro Avilés-Salas, Mercedes Dalurzo, Yingyong Hou, Yuan Li, Arif Abdillah, Fernando Augusto Soares, Hui Wan, Buge Oz, Anna Stroganova, and Yoon-La Choi
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Egfr mutation ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Anaplastic lymphoma kinase ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Non small cell ,Epidermal growth factor receptor ,business ,Emerging markets ,Lung cancer ,Predictive biomarker - Abstract
The treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years has been increasingly guided by biomarker testing. Testing has centered on driver genetic alterations involving the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements. The presence of these mutations is predictive of response to targeted therapies such as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and ALK TKIs. However, there are substantial challenges for the implementation of biomarker testing, particularly in emerging countries. Understanding the barriers to testing in NSCLC will be key to improving molecular testing rates worldwide and patient outcomes as a result. In this article, we review EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements as predictive biomarkers for NSCLC, discuss a selection of appropriate tests and review the literature with respect to the global uptake of EGFR and ALK testing. To help improve testing rates and unify procedures, we review our experiences with biomarker testing in China, South Korea, Russia, Turkey, Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, and propose a set of recommendations that pathologists from emerging countries can apply to assist with the diagnosis of NSCLC.
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- 2021
25. Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Released Exopolysaccharide from Potential Probiotic Leuconostoc mesenteroides LM187
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Xiang-Yang Sun, Qing Sun, Shu-ming Zhang, Jie Tang, Jie Wang, Qing Zhang, Chan-Yuan Li, Miao-Xin Zheng, and Wenliang Xiang
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Arabinose ,Antioxidant ,Strain (chemistry) ,biology ,Rhamnose ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glycosidic bond ,General Medicine ,Uronic acid ,biology.organism_classification ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Leuconostoc mesenteroides ,Galactose ,medicine ,Food science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A released exopolysaccharide (rEPS)-producing strain (LM187) with good acid resistance, bile salt resistance, and cholesterol-lowering properties was isolated from Sichuan paocai and identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides. The purified rEPS, designated as rEPS414, had a uniform molecular weight of 7.757 × 105 Da. Analysis of the monosaccharide composition revealed that the molecule was mainly composed of glucose. The Fourier transform-infrared spectrum showed that rEPS414 contained both α-type and β-type glycosidic bonds. 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra analysis showed that the purified rEPS contained arabinose, galactose, and rhamnose, but less uronic acid. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the exopolysaccharide displayed a large number of scattered, fluffy, porous cellular network flake structures. In addition, rEPS414 exhibited strong in vitro antioxidant activity. These results showed that strain LM187 and its rEPS are promising probiotics with broad prospects in industry.
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- 2021
26. Back to the brink: Phylogeography and demographic history of the endangered Torreya jackii
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Chao-Nan Liu, Xin Tong, Kai Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Jian-Hui Li, Xiao-Yong Chen, Rong Wang, and Shekhar R. Biswas
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Phylogeography ,Geography ,biology ,Ecology ,Demographic history ,Torreya jackii ,Endangered species ,Plant Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2021
27. Long noncoding RNA <scp>FAM66C</scp> promotes tumor progression and glycolysis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by regulating <scp>hsa‐miR</scp> ‐23b‐3p/ <scp>KCND2</scp> axis
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Yuan-Yuan Li, Sen Wang, Zhan-Yu Yang, Fang Sun, Penghui Yang, Zhi-Fang Bai, Zhi Li, Zhi-Xian Hong, Jin Yan, Ling-Xiang Yu, and Guanglin Lei
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Cell ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,PKM2 ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Cholangiocarcinoma ,Mice ,Cell Movement ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Viability assay ,Cell Proliferation ,Gene knockdown ,General Medicine ,Transfection ,Long non-coding RNA ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,MicroRNAs ,Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ,Shal Potassium Channels ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Bile Duct Neoplasms ,Tumor progression ,Cell culture ,Cancer research ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Glycolysis - Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to be the important regulators in cancer progression. However, the role of lncRNA FAM66C (FAM66C) is yet to be investigated in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). This study aimed to investigate the effects and related mechanisms of FAM66C in ICC. Human ICC tissues and cell lines were collected. The expression levels of FAM66C, hsa-miR-23b-3p (miR-23b-3p), and KCND2 were detected by qRT-RCR. The transfection experiments were employed to measure the effect of FAM66C on cell viabilities, migration, and invasion in ICC cells by CCK-8, transwell assays. Glycolysis was investigated by glucose consumption, lactate production and ATP levels. The dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull down assays were conducted as a means of confirming the interactions between FAM66C, miR-23b-3p, and KCND2. Furthermore, the levels of the EMT-associated proteins (KCND2, GLUT1, PKM2, and LDHA) in ICC cells were detected by western blot. FAM66C was increased in ICC tissues and cells, increased cell viability, glycolysis, migration and invasion, and decreased apoptosis were shown in FAM66C overexpressing cells. Mechanistic analyses revealed that FAM66C regulated the downstream target gene KCND2 by sponging miR-23b-3p. FAM66C effect on ICC was further validated in murine xenograft assays. FAM66C knockdown cells gave rise to tumors that were smaller in size, consistent with the role of FAM66C as a promoter of in vivo tumor growth. These data revealed that FAM66C was able to drive ICC tumor progression and glycolytic activity via the miR-23b-3p/KCND2 axis, indicating FAM66C may be a viable target for treating ICC.
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- 2021
28. Sirtuin1 contributes to the overexpression of Giα proteins and hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats
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Ashok K. Srivastava, Ekhtear Hossain, Nahida Arifen, Madhu B. Anand-Srivastava, and Yuan Li
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Vascular smooth muscle ,Physiology ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go ,Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ,Sirtuin 1 ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Rats, Inbred SHR ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Protein kinase B ,Cells, Cultured ,Cell Proliferation ,NADPH oxidase ,Angiotensin II receptor type 1 ,biology ,business.industry ,Angiotensin II ,musculoskeletal system ,Rats ,Cell biology ,Losartan ,Hypertension ,cardiovascular system ,biology.protein ,Histone deacetylase ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background We earlier demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit the overexpression of Giα proteins and hyperproliferation that is attributed to the enhanced levels of endogenous II angiotensin (Ang II). In addition, the implication of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) a histone deacetylase class III family in Ang II-induced hypertension has also been shown. We recently demonstrated that Ang II increased the expression of Sirt-1 in aortic VSMC that contributed to the overexpression of Giα proteins. However, whether Sirt1 is overexpressed in VSMC from SHR and is linked to the enhanced expression of Giα proteins and hyperproliferation remains unexplored. Method and results In the present study, we show that Sirt1 is upregulated in VSMC from SHR and this upregulation was attenuated by AT1 receptor antagonist losartan. In addition, the inhibition or knockdown of Sirt1 by specific inhibitors EX 527 and NAM and/or siRNA attenuated the enhanced expression of Giα proteins, cell cycle proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC from SHR. Furthermore, the enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide and NADPH oxidase subunits NOX2 and p47phox, increased phosphorylation of EGFR, ERK1/2 and AKT displayed by VSMC from SHR were also attenuated by knocking down of Sirt1 by siRNA. Conclusion In summary, our results demonstrate that Sirt1 is overexpressed in VSMC from SHR which through augmenting oxidative stress contributes to the enhanced expression of Giα proteins, cell cycle proteins and resultant hyperproliferation of VSMC.
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- 2021
29. Automated tumor proportion score analysis for PD-L1 (22C3) expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma
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Qiang Zheng, Bo Xu, Jingxin Liu, Hua Tian, Yue Wang, Mu Xiao, Yongguo Yang, Qianqian Xue, Bin Gu, Yan Jin, Lijun Chen, Linlin Shen, Guo Yan, Yuan Li, Xianxu Hou, Ziling Huang, and Yanfei Zuo
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,Lung Neoplasms ,Science ,Gene Expression ,Article ,B7-H1 Antigen ,symbols.namesake ,Image processing ,PD-L1 ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Machine learning ,Quantitative assessment ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Medicine ,Computational models ,Humans ,Lung ,Aged ,Automation, Laboratory ,Multidisciplinary ,Predictive marker ,biology ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Lung squamous cell carcinoma ,Diagnostic markers ,Middle Aged ,Immunohistochemistry ,Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient ,Confidence interval ,Computational biology and bioinformatics ,Therapy response ,symbols ,biology.protein ,Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ,Biological Assay ,Female ,Radiology ,business ,Transcriptome ,Non-small-cell lung cancer - Abstract
Programmed cell death ligend-1 (PD-L1) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays is a predictive marker of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy response. With the popularity of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor drugs, quantitative assessment of PD-L1 expression becomes a new labor for pathologists. Manually counting the PD-L1 positive stained tumor cells is an obviously subjective and time-consuming process. In this paper, we developed a new computer aided Automated Tumor Proportion Scoring System (ATPSS) to determine the comparability of image analysis with pathologist scores. A three-stage process was performed using both image processing and deep learning techniques to mimic the actual diagnostic flow of the pathologists. We conducted a multi-reader multi-case study to evaluate the agreement between pathologists and ATPSS. Fifty-one surgically resected lung squamous cell carcinoma were prepared and stained using the Dako PD-L1 (22C3) assay, and six pathologists with different experience levels were involved in this study. The TPS predicted by the proposed model had high and statistically significant correlation with sub-specialty pathologists’ scores with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 8.65 (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.42–10.90) and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) of 0.9436 ($$p < 0.001$$ p < 0.001 ), and the performance on PD-L1 positive cases achieved by our method surpassed that of non-subspecialty and trainee pathologists. Those experimental results indicate that the proposed automated system can be a powerful tool to improve the PD-L1 TPS assessment of pathologists.
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- 2021
30. Emergence and Genetic Characterization of Plasmid-Encoded VIM-2-Producing Pseudomonas stutzeri with Novel Integron In1998 Isolated from Cerebrospinal Fluid
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Shuxiu Liu, Hao Xu, Ruishan Liu, Jianjun Gou, Qian Wang, Shuang Li, Yuan Li, and Xiaobing Guo
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bacterial genomics ,antibiotic resistance ,Context (language use) ,Integron ,symbols.namesake ,Plasmid ,Tn5563 ,Pharmacology (medical) ,In1998 ,Southern blot ,Original Research ,Pharmacology ,Genetics ,Whole genome sequencing ,Sanger sequencing ,Pseudomonas stutzeri ,biology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,Infectious Diseases ,Gene cassette ,Infection and Drug Resistance ,whole-genome sequencing ,biology.protein ,symbols ,bla VIM-2 ,In1722 - Abstract
Shuxiu Liu,1,2 Hao Xu,2 Xiaobing Guo,1 Shuang Li,3 Qian Wang,1,2 Yuan Li,4 Ruishan Liu,1,2 Jianjun Gou1 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Peopleâs Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jianjun Gou Tel +86 371 6627 8237Fax +86 371 6691 3569Email jianjung@zzu.edu.cnPurpose: To investigate the genomic and plasmid characteristics of a newly discovered Pseudomonas stutzeri strain with a blaVIM-2-carrying plasmid and novel integron In 1998 isolated from a cerebrospinal fluid specimen in a teaching hospital.Methods: Species identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS, and blaVIM-2 was identified by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Whole-genome sequencing analysis was conducted using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and Oxford Nanopore platforms. Integron detection was performed using INTEGRALL. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by using kSNP3.0. Plasmid characteristics were assessed by S1-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE), Southern blotting, conjugation experiments, and whole-genome sequencing analysis. Comparative genomics analysis of the plasmid and genetic context of blaVIM-2 were conducted by using BLAST Ring Image Generator (BRIG) and Easyfig 2.3, respectively.Results: ZDHY95, an MDR strain of P. stutzeri harboring blaVIM-2, was identified. It was sensitive only to amikacin and was resistant to carbapenems, β-lactams, aztreonam, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides. Joint S1-PFGE, Southern blot, conjugation assay, and whole-genome sequencing experiments confirmed that the blaVIM-2 gene was located within class I integron In 1722 of the plasmid and that the surrounding genetic environment was 5ʹCS-aacA4ʹ-30-blaVIM-2-aacA4ʹ-3ʹCS. The novel class I integron In 1998 was detected on the chromosome of P. stutzeri ZDHY95, and the gene cassette array was 5ʹCS-aacA3-aadA13-cmlA8-blaOXA-246-arr3-dfrA27-3ʹCS. Phylogenetic analysis showed that antimicrobial resistance gene-carrying P. stutzeri isolates were divided into two clusters, mainly containing isolates from the USA and Pakistan.Conclusion: A novel blaVIM-2-carrying conjugative plasmid, pZDHY95-VIM-2, was reported for the first time in P. stutzeri, elucidating the genetic environment and transfer mechanism. The gene structure of the novel class I integron In 1998 was also clarified. We explored the phylogenetic relationship of P. stutzeri with drug resistance genes and suggested that Pseudomonas with metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in the hospital environment may cause infection in patients with long-term intubation or after interventional surgery.Keywords: Pseudomonas stutzeri, blaVIM-2, In 1998, In 1722, Tn 5563, whole-genome sequencing, bacterial genomics, antibiotic resistance
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- 2021
31. Krüppel-like factor 7 attenuates hippocampal neuronal injury after traumatic brain injury
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Xiu-Mei Fu, Wen-Yuan Li, Ping Sun, Xiao-Feng Zhu, Zhen-Dong Wang, Gui-Bo Liu, Zhi-Gang Li, Duo Ma, and Ying Wang
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medicine.medical_specialty ,oxygen-glucose deprivation ,Traumatic brain injury ,hippocampus ,Hippocampus ,apoptosis ,jak2/stat3 ,kruppel-like factor 7 ,neuroprotection ,stretch ,traumatic brain injury ,Hippocampal formation ,Neuroprotection ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,STAT3 ,RC346-429 ,Spinal cord injury ,biology ,business.industry ,JAK2/STAT3 ,medicine.disease ,Kruppel-like factor 7 ,Endocrinology ,STAT protein ,biology.protein ,Phosphorylation ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Our previous study has shown that the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and motor function recovery after spinal cord injury. KLF7 also participates in traumatic brain injury, but its regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, an HT22 cell model of traumatic brain injury was established by stretch injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation. These cells were then transfected with an adeno-associated virus carrying KLF7 (AAV-KLF7). The results revealed that, after stretch injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation, KLF7 greatly reduced apoptosis, activated caspase-3 and lactate dehydrogenase, downregulated the expression of the apoptotic markers B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3, and increased the expression of βIII-tubulin and the antiapoptotic marker Bcl-2. Furthermore, KLF7 overexpression upregulated Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in HT22 cells treated by stretch injury and oxygen-glucose deprivation. Immunoprecipitation assays revealed that KLF7 directly participated in the phosphorylation of STAT3. In addition, treatment with AG490, a selective inhibitor of JAK2/STAT3, weakened the protective effects of KLF7. A mouse controlled cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury was then established. At 30 minutes before modeling, AAV-KLF7 was injected into the ipsilateral lateral ventricle. The protein and mRNA levels of KLF7 in the hippocampus were increased at 1 day after injury and recovered to normal levels at 3 days after injury. KLF7 reduced ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy, decreased the injured cortex volume, downregulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and increased the number of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive neurons and Bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, KLF7 transfection greatly enhanced the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in the ipsilateral hippocampus. These results suggest that KLF7 may protect hippocampal neurons after traumatic brain injury through activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Mudanjiang Medical University, China (approval No. mdjyxy-2018-0012) on March 6, 2018.
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- 2021
32. Structural and Functional Characteristics of Microplastic Associated Biofilms in Response to Temporal Dynamics and Polymer Types
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Ying Liu, Joanna J Waniek, Yongming Luo, Lianzhen Li, Angela Vogts, Yuan Li, and Chen Tu
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Polypropylene ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Microplastics ,biology ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Biofilm ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Biodegradation ,Toxicology ,biology.organism_classification ,Pollution ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Microbial population biology ,Biophysics ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Microcosm ,Bacteria - Abstract
The colonization of bacterial communities and biofilm formation on microplastics (MPs) have aroused great concern recently. However, the influence of time and polymer types on the structural and functional characteristics of biofilms remains unclear. In this study, three types of MPs (polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene) were exposed for different time periods (10, 20 and 30 days) in seawater using a microcosm experiment. Microscopic spectroscopy and high-throughput gene sequencing techniques were used to reveal the temporal changes of structural and functional characteristics of MPs associated biofilms. The results indicate that the biofilm formation is affected by both the incubation time and the polymer type. In addition, bacterial diversity and community structure in the biofilms show selectivity towards seawater, and tend to shift over time and among different polymer types. Moreover, biofilms are shown to harbor plastic degrading bacteria, leading to the changes of functional groups and surface hydrophobicity, and thereby enhancing the biodegradation of MPs.
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- 2021
33. TB-QUICK: CRISPR-Cas12b-assisted rapid and sensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Wei Sha, Huajun Zheng, Yu-jie Bao, Guoping Zhao, Jie Xu, Ruo-yan Ying, Ping Ji, Jin Wang, Ying Wang, Shujun Wang, Yingying Chen, I Kuan Sam, Jun Ma, Shi-yuan Li, and Lin-xian Li
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Tuberculosis ,030106 microbiology ,Loop-mediated isothermal amplification ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats ,030212 general & internal medicine ,GeneXpert MTB/RIF ,biology ,Plasma samples ,Tb control ,business.industry ,Sputum ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Dna detection ,Infectious Diseases ,Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ,Rifampin ,Pulmonary tb ,business ,Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques - Abstract
Summary Objectives Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the public health problems worldwide. Rapid, sensitive and cost-effective diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) is critical for TB control. Methods We developed a novel M.tb DNA detection platform (nominated as TB-QUICK) which combined loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and CRISPR-Cas12b detection. TB-QUICK was performed on pulmonary or plasma samples collected from 138 pulmonary TB (PTB) patients, 21 non-TB patients and 61 close contacts to TB patients. Acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear, M.tb culture and GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assays were routinely conducted in parallel. Results By targeting M.tb IS6110, TB-QUICK platform could detect as low as 1.3 copy/μL M.tb DNA within 2 h. In pulmonary TB samples, TB-QUICK exhibited improved overall sensitivity of 86.8% over M.tb culture (66.7%) and Xpert (70.4%), with the specificity of 95.2%. More significantly, TB-QUICK exhibited a superior sensitivity in AFB-negative samples (80.5%) compared to Xpert (57.1%) and M.tb culture (46.2%). In the detection of plasma M.tb DNA by TB-QUICK, 41.2% sensitivity for AFB-positive and 31.7% for AFB-negative patients were achieved. Conclusion In conclusion, TB-QUICK exhibits rapidity and sensitivity for M.tb DNA detection with the superiority in smear-negative paucibacillary TB patients. The clinical application of TB-QUICK in TB diagnosis needs to be further validated in larger cohort.
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- 2021
34. A urine extracellular vesicle circRNA classifier for detection of high-grade prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen 2–10 ng/mL at initial biopsy
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Chun-Kui Shao, Liao-Yuan Li, Xin Gao, Zhen-Quan Wu, Liang-Ming Zhang, Yadi He, Ling-Xiao Zhang, Jing Zhou, Tao He, Wei-Ming Deng, Li-Min Rong, Xiu-Mei Tang, Wen Tao, and Bang-Yu Wang
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urinary system ,Biopsy ,Urology ,Urine ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,Extracellular Vesicles ,0302 clinical medicine ,Circular RNA ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Letter to the Editor ,RC254-282 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Gene Expression Profiling ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Reproducibility of Results ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Rectal examination ,Extracellular vesicle ,RNA, Circular ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Circular RNA (circRNA) ,Prostate-specific antigen ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,ROC Curve ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Molecular Medicine ,Neoplasm Grading ,Cell-Free Nucleic Acids - Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify a urine extracellular vesicle circular RNA (circRNA) classifier that could detect high-grade prostate cancer (PCa) of Grade Group (GG) 2 or greater. For this purpose, we used RNA sequencing to identify candidate circRNAs from urinary extracellular vesicles from 11 patients with high-grade PCa and 11 case-matched patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Using ddPCR in a training cohort (n = 263), we built a urine extracellular vesicle circRNA classifier (Ccirc, containing circPDLIM5, circSCAF8, circPLXDC2, circSCAMP1, and circCCNT2), which was evaluated in two independent cohorts (n = 497, n = 505). Ccirc showed higher accuracy than two standard of care risk calculators (RCs) (PCPT-RC 2.0 and ERSPC-RC) in both the training cohort and the validation cohorts. In all three cohorts, this novel urine extracellular vesicle circRNA classifier plus RCs was statistically more predictive than RCs alone for predicting ≥ GG2 PCa. This assay, which does not require precollection digital rectal examination nor special handling, is repeatable, noninvasive, and can be easily implemented as part of the basic clinical workflow.
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- 2021
35. M05B5.4 (lysosomal phospholipase A2) promotes disintegration of autophagic vesicles to maintain C. elegans development
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Chonglin Yang, Xiaochen Wang, Yuan Li, Meijiao Li, and Xin Wang
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0301 basic medicine ,Autophagosome ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Vesicle ,Autophagy ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Membrane ,Lysosome ,medicine ,Inner membrane ,Lipid bilayer ,Bacterial outer membrane ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
The autophagosome has two lipid bilayer membranes. The outer membrane fuses with the lysosome, while the inner membrane is degraded to release autophagic contents for degradation. It remains unclear how the inner vesicle of the autophagosome (called the autophagic vesicle) is disintegrated after autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Here, we identified C. elegans LPLA-2/M05B5.4 as a key enzyme that degrades membranous material in lysosomes. LPLA-2 is homologous to human PLA2G15, a lysosomal phospholipase A2 family protein that catalyzes cleavage of membrane phospholipids. We found that loss of LPLA-2 causes accumulation of large membrane whorls in enlarged lysosomes and both phenotypes are suppressed by blocking macroautophagy/autophagy. Moreover, autophagic vesicles persisted in enlarged lysosomes in PLA2G15 knockdown cells and lpla-2(lf) mutants, which suggests that the breakdown of the inner autophagosomal membrane in lysosomes is impaired. lpla-2(lf) mutants exhibit severe defects in both embryonic and larval development. Our data suggest that disintegration of the inner autophagosomal membrane by LPLA-2 promotes the release and subsequent degradation of autophagic contents in lysosomes, which is essential for C. elegans development.
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- 2021
36. Climate change impacts on China’s marine ecosystems
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Bin Kang, Wentao Niu, Longshan Lin, Peidong Zhang, Xin Peng, Peng Sun, Linlin Zhao, Yunrong Yan, Chunyan Shen, Yuan Li, and Gretta T. Pecl
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geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ecology ,Biodiversity ,Climate change ,Ocean acidification ,Coral reef ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Seagrass ,Habitat ,Ecosystem ,Marine ecosystem ,sense organs ,skin and connective tissue diseases - Abstract
Globally, climate change impacts on marine ecosystems are evident in physical, chemical, and biological processes, and are generally more extensive in faster warming regions. China makes the largest contribution of any country to global fisheries production and has experienced severe declines in marine health and biodiversity, and so the current and potential impacts of marine climate change are a large concern for both fisheries and biodiversity. China also has marine regions warming in the top 10% globally, necessitating a thorough understanding of how marine systems are changing so that appropriate corresponding countermeasures can be identified and prioritized. Here, we review and collate what is currently understood about documented and projected responses of marine systems to climate change in Chinese coasts and oceans, from physical, biological, and ecological perspectives, through to impacts on key ecosystems. Our results show extensive change attributed to climate change throughout Chinese marine systems, including red tide bloom events that have been recorded an order of magnitude more frequently in recent decades. Ocean acidification has led to the increased mortality of marine calcifying organisms through effects on the biomineralization process and physiological functions. Moreover, many species have been documented undergoing extensive changes in geographic distribution, with potential implications for species interactions and trophic food webs, as well as important habitats like coral reefs, seagrass, and mangroves. Some constructive laws and actions have been introduced in response to these climate-driven changes, such as actions to reduce pollution and increase artificial propagation and replanting of habitat species, however, addressing the impacts of marine climate change remains a considerable and escalating challenge.
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- 2021
37. Progress towards a molecular-level understanding of Curcuma alismatifolia
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Qi-Lin Tian, Yuan-Yuan Li, Luan-Mei Lu, Hui-Wen Yu, and Taiwan Characteristics
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Molecular level ,Curcuma alismatifolia ,biology ,Traditional medicine ,Horticulture ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2021
38. Human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) env in neuronal extracellular vesicles: a new biomarker of motor neuron disease
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Dongsheng Fan, Nan Zhang, Yuan Li, and Yong Chen
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viruses ,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ,Endogenous Retroviruses ,Central nervous system ,Disease ,Motor neuron ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Extracellular vesicles ,Phenotype ,Molecular biology ,Extracellular Vesicles ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,medicine ,Humans ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Human endogenous retrovirus K ,Neurology (clinical) ,Motor Neuron Disease ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Biomarkers ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective: Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) have been gradually confirmed to be involved in the onset and progression of motor neuron disease(MND). However, noninvasive detection of HERVs in the central nervous system is lacking. The aim of this study is to verify the relationship between the level of HERV-K env in neuronal extracellular vesicles in plasma and the onset and severity of MND. Methods: We extracted neuronal extracellular vesicles from plasma of 39 MND patients and 30 age- and sex-matched controls, and detected HERV-K env in extracellular vesicles by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Levels of HERV-K env in neuronal extracellular vesicles positively associated with range of lower motor neurons (LMNs) involved (1.66 �� 0.37 vs. 1.35 �� 0.34, p = 0.041), ALS phenotype (1.52 �� 0.31 vs. 1.24 �� 0.37, p = 0.013) and course of disease (1.83 �� 0.35 vs. 1.42 �� 0.22, p = 0.003), and increased in advanced-phase MND (definite and probable according to revised EI Escorial criteria) compared with early-phase MND (possible and lab-supported probable), albeit without very profound significance (1.52 �� 0.34 vs. 1.29 �� 0.36, p = 0.048). Conclusions: In conclusion, levels of HERV-K env in neuronal extracellular vesicles extracted from plasma can be used as a noninvasive biomarker of severity of MND.
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- 2021
39. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells curbs the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through T-cell immune response
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Dao-Yuan Li, Fei-Fei Lin, Guo-Ping Li, and Fan-Chang Zeng
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,T cell ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Biomedical Engineering ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,Flow cytometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immune system ,medicine ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,fungi ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Microvesicles ,Vascular endothelial growth factor A ,Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Original Article ,CD8 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) are effective in modulating immunity. However, the role of MSC-Exo in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is unclear. Our study was performed to identify if exosomal microRNA (miRNA) can be used as potential noninvasive biomarkers for ccRCC therapy. An orthotopic ccRCC mouse model was established, followed by MSC-Exo injection (1 mL, 20 μg/mL). The metastases of tumors were observed using HE staining, while number of dendritic cells, natural killing (NK) T cells and CD8(+) T cells was measured using flow cytometry. It was observed that MSC-Exo treatment significantly inhibited metastasis and growth of tumors, and improved immune response in vivo. As for in vitro assay, naive T cells were treated with MSC-Exo, followed by detection of T cell proliferation using EdU staining and CFSE assay. Results also showed that MSC-Exo facilitated sensitivity of ccRCC cells to NK T cells. Our experimental data further showed that miR-182 could be delivered by MSC-Exo in ccRCC, which targeted vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), as dual-luciferase reporter assays validated. In conclusion, miR-182 contained in MSC-Exo promoted immune response of T cells by suppressing VEGFA expression, thus alleviating ccRCC development.
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- 2021
40. Patient-derived cell lines and orthotopic mouse model of peritoneal carcinomatosis recapitulate molecular and phenotypic features of human gastric adenocarcinoma
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Zhenning Wang, Xiaodan Yao, Qiong Gan, Jiankang Jin, Ruiping Wang, Yan Xu, Ying Wang, Brian D. Badgwell, Jaffer A. Ajani, Kazuto Harada, Linghua Wang, Shuangtao Zhao, Longfei Huo, Ailing W. Scott, Namita Shanbhag, Lang Ma, Shumei Song, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Yibo Fan, Yuan Li, and Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri
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0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Patient-derived xenograft, molecular profile ,Patient-derived orthotopic model ,Adenocarcinoma ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,In vivo ,Cancer stem cell ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Exome Sequencing ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene Regulatory Networks ,Peritoneal Neoplasms ,RC254-282 ,YAP1 ,biology ,Gastric adenocarcinoma ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Research ,CD44 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,In vitro ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,030104 developmental biology ,Peritoneal metastases ,Oncology ,Apoptosis ,Cell culture ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Karyotyping ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Neoplasm Transplantation ,Patient-derived cell lines - Abstract
Background Gastric adenocarcinoma with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is therapy resistant and leads to poor survival. To study PC in depth, there is an urgent need to develop representative PC-derived cell lines and metastatic models to study molecular mechanisms of PC and for preclinical screening of new therapies. Methods PC cell lines were developed from patient-derived PC cells. The tumorigenicity and metastatic potential were investigated by subcutaneously (PDXs) and orthotopically. Karyotyping, whole-exome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and functional studies were performed to molecularly define the cell lines and compare genomic and phenotypic features of PDX and donor PC cells. Results We established three PC cell lines (GA0518, GA0804, and GA0825) and characterized them in vitro. The doubling times were 22, 39, and 37 h for GA0518, GA0804, and GA0825, respectively. Expression of cancer stem cell markers (CD44, ALDH1, CD133 and YAP1) and activation of oncogenes varied among the cell lines. All three PC cell lines formed PDXs. Interestingly, all three PC cell lines formed tumors in the patient derived orthotopic (PDO) model and GA0518 cell line consistently produced PC in mice. Moreover, PDXs recapitulated transcriptomic and phenotypic features of the donor PC cells. Finally, these cell lines were suitable for preclinical testing of chemotherapy and target agents in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion We successfully established three patient-derived PC cell lines and an improved PDO model with high incidence of PC associated with malignant ascites. Thus, these cell lines and metastatic PDO model represent excellent resources for exploring metastatic mechanisms of PC in depth and for target drug screening and validation by interrogating GAC for translational studies.
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- 2021
41. Sexually transmitted infections and semen quality from subfertile men with and without leukocytospermia
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Bo Xu, Shun Bai, Yuanyuan Tao, Wei Li, Baoguo Xie, Tonghang Guo, Wenjuan Tang, Yuan Li, Qi Jin, Yangyang Wan, Ran Liu, Xiangdong Xu, Xuechun Hu, Mei-Ying Sang, Qiuling Yue, and Yun Zhao
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,QH471-489 ,Sexually Transmitted Diseases ,Semen ,Mycoplasma hominis ,medicine.disease_cause ,urologic and male genital diseases ,Male infertility ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Semen quality ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Leukocytes ,Sexually transmitted infections ,Medicine ,Humans ,Infertility, Male ,Gynecology ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Research ,Reproduction ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Leukocytospermia ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Sperm ,female genital diseases and pregnancy complications ,Semen Analysis ,030104 developmental biology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Reproductive Medicine ,RG1-991 ,Semen parameters ,business ,Mycoplasma genitalium ,Chlamydia trachomatis ,Developmental Biology ,Ureaplasma urealyticum - Abstract
Background The role of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in semen parameters and male infertility is still a controversial area. Previous studies have found bacterial infection in a minority of infertile leukocytospermic males. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of STIs in semen from subfertile men with leukocytospermia (LCS) and without leukocytospermia (non-LCS) and their associations with sperm quality. Methods Semen samples were collected from 195 men who asked for a fertility evaluation. Infection with the above 6 pathogens was assessed in each sample. Sperm quality was compared in subfertile men with and without LCS. Results The LCS group had significantly decreased semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, total motility and normal morphology. The infection rates of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uuu), Ureaplasma parvum (Uup), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) were 8.7 %, 21.0 %, 8.2 %, 2.1 %, 3.6 %, 1.0 and 0 %, respectively. The STI detection rates of patients with LCS were higher than those of the non-LCS group (52.3 % vs. 39.3 %), although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.07). All semen parameters were not significantly different between LCS with STIs and without STIs, except the semen volume in the MG-infected patients with LCS was significantly lower than that in the noninfected group. Conclusions LCS was associated with a reduction in semen quality, but was not associated with STIs.
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- 2021
42. Upregulation of long noncoding RNA W42 promotes tumor development by binding with DBN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
- Author
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Yuan-Yuan Li, Jin Yan, Yan Niu, Zhi-Fang Bai, Zhi-Xian Hong, Ruisheng Li, Zhu Chen, Cheng Sijie, Shaogeng Zhang, Penghui Yang, Guanglin Lei, Yuan Gao, Hu Liu, Ling-Xiang Yu, and Hong-Hong Liu
- Subjects
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Biology ,Flow cytometry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Downregulation and upregulation ,medicine ,Humans ,DBN1 ,neoplasms ,Cell Proliferation ,Cancer ,Gene knockdown ,Long noncoding RNA W42 ,Tumor ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Liver Neoplasms ,Gastroenterology ,RNA ,General Medicine ,Transfection ,Basic Study ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Long non-coding RNA ,Up-Regulation ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Long noncoding RNA - Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy found globally. Accumulating studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in HCC. However, the function of lncRNA in HCC remains poorly understood. Aim To understand the effect of lncRNA W42 on HCC and dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods We measured the expression of lncRNA W42 in HCC tissues and cells (Huh7 and SMMC-7721) by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of lncRNA W42 expression. HCC cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-lncRNA W42 or shRNA-lncRNA W42. Cell functions were detected by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry and Transwell assays. The interaction of lncRNA W42 and DBN1 was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull down assays. An HCC xenograft model was used to assess the role of lncRNA W42 on tumor growth in vivo. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to evaluate the overall survival and recurrence-free survival after surgery in patients with HCC. Results In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA (lncRNA W42), and investigated its biological functions and clinical significance in HCC. LncRNA W42 expression was upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of lncRNA W42 notably promoted the proliferative and invasion of HCC, and inhibited cell apoptosis. LncRNA W42 directly bound to DBN1 and activated the downstream pathway. LncRNA W42 knockdown suppressed HCC xenograft tumor growth in vivo. The clinical investigation revealed that HCC patients with high lncRNA W42 expression exhibited shorter survival times. Conclusion In vitro and in vivo results suggested that the novel lncRNA W42, which is upregulated in HCC, may serve as a potential candidate prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC patients.
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- 2021
43. The metabolite α-KG induces GSDMC-dependent pyroptosis through death receptor 6-activated caspase-8
- Author
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Qiao Wu, Bo Zhou, Hang-zi Chen, Dawang Zhou, Wei-jia Wang, Kang Cheng, Fu-nan Li, Ru-yue Sun, Yuan-li Ai, Fan-jian Liu, Zhi-hong Jiang, Jia-yuan Zhang, and Bao-rui Wang
- Subjects
Cell death ,Endosome ,Metabolite ,Biology ,Caspase 8 ,Endocytosis ,Cleavage (embryo) ,Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor ,Article ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Neoplasms ,Pyroptosis ,Animals ,Receptor ,Molecular Biology ,Caspase 1 ,Receptors, Death Domain ,Cell Biology ,Cancer metabolism ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,chemistry ,Cancer cell ,Ketoglutaric Acids ,Cell signalling ,Post-translational modifications - Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death mediated by gasdermin family members, among which the function of GSDMC has not been clearly described. Herein, we demonstrate that the metabolite α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) induces pyroptosis through caspase-8-mediated cleavage of GSDMC. Treatment with DM-αKG, a cell-permeable derivative of α-KG, elevates ROS levels, which leads to oxidation of the plasma membrane-localized death receptor DR6. Oxidation of DR6 triggers its endocytosis, and then recruits both pro-caspase-8 and GSDMC to a DR6 receptosome through protein-protein interactions. The DR6 receptosome herein provides a platform for the cleavage of GSDMC by active caspase-8, thereby leading to pyroptosis. Moreover, this α-KG-induced pyroptosis could inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in mouse models. Interestingly, the efficiency of α-KG in inducing pyroptosis relies on an acidic environment in which α-KG is reduced by MDH1 and converted to L-2HG that further boosts ROS levels. Treatment with lactic acid, the end product of glycolysis, builds an improved acidic environment to facilitate more production of L-2HG, which makes the originally pyroptosis-resistant cancer cells more susceptible to α-KG-induced pyroptosis. This study not only illustrates a pyroptotic pathway linked with metabolites but also identifies an unreported principal axis extending from ROS-initiated DR6 endocytosis to caspase-8-mediated cleavage of GSDMC for potential clinical application in tumor therapy.
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- 2021
44. Molecular mechanisms of mutualistic and antagonistic interactions in a plant–pollinator association
- Author
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Kai Jiang, Ye Yin, Yuan-Yuan Li, Yan Chen, Ping Wen, Finn Kjellberg, Jing Jun Yang, Hui Yu, Xiao-Yong Chen, Simon T. Segar, Qingfeng Liu, Yuan Yuan Ding, Xing Tan Zhang, Stephen G. Compton, Jean-Yves Rasplus, Xin Tong, Shan Chen, Yang Yang, Ray Ming, Carlos A. Machado, Jin Chen, Huanming Yang, Derek W. Dunn, Zhen Yue, Gang Wang, Qiang Gao, Philip M. Gilmartin, Yi Jing, Yu Zhang, Astrid Cruaud, Hong Qing Li, Rong Wang, Jianquan Liu, Min Liu, Yuan Ye Zhang, East China Normal University [Shangaï] (ECNU), Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI), Harper Adams University, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Northwest University [Xi'an], University of Hull [United Kingdom], Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, ministry of education-College of Life Sciences-Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), Guangzhou University, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Xiamen University, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS)-South China Botanical Garden, University of Leeds, This work is supported by NSFC grants 31630008 and 31870356 (X.-Y.C.) and 31870359 (G.W.), and a Talents 1000 Fellowship of Shaanxi Province (D.W.D.). S.T.S. acknowledges departmental support from Harper Adams University., Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Pollination ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Wasps ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ficus pumila ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pollinator ,Animals ,Humans ,Gene family ,Symbiosis ,Gene ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Ecology ,biology ,Ficus ,biology.organism_classification ,Adaptation, Physiological ,030104 developmental biology ,Evolutionary biology ,Evolutionary ecology ,Adaptation ,Function (biology) - Abstract
International audience; Many insects metamorphose from antagonistic larvae into mutualistic adult pollinators, with reciprocal adaptation leading to specialized insect-plant associations. It remains unknown how such interactions are established at molecular level. Here we assemble high-quality genomes of a fig species, Ficus pumila var. pumila, and its specific pollinating wasp, Wiebesia pumilae. We combine multi-omics with validation experiments to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying this specialized interaction. In the plant, we identify the specific compound attracting pollinators and validate the function of several key genes regulating its biosynthesis. In the pollinator, we find a highly reduced number of odorant-binding protein genes and an odorant-binding protein mainly binding the attractant. During antagonistic interaction, we find similar chemical profiles and turnovers throughout the development of galled ovules and seeds, and a significant contraction of detoxification-related gene families in the pollinator. Our study identifies some key genes bridging coevolved mutualists, establishing expectations for more diffuse insect-pollinator systems.
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- 2021
45. Bone marrow cells are differentiated into MDSCs by BCC‐Ex through down‐regulating the expression of CXCR4 and activating STAT3 signalling pathway
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Hao-Cheng Gu, Quan-Wen Liu, Ke-Yu Deng, Hongbo Xin, Ling Xiao, Yong Chen, Guo-Si-Lang Zuo, Jing-Yuan Li, Jia-Le Zhao, Han-You Wu, and Wen-Jie Zhang
- Subjects
STAT3 Transcription Factor ,0301 basic medicine ,Receptors, CXCR4 ,T-Lymphocytes ,MDSCs ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ,Bone Marrow Cells ,Breast Neoplasms ,Spleen ,exosomes ,CXCR4 ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,STAT3 ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Chemokine receptor ,breast cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Tumor Microenvironment ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,Chemistry ,Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells ,Cell Differentiation ,Original Articles ,Cell Biology ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Apoptosis ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Original Article ,Female ,Bone marrow ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Studies showed that the increase of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumour microenvironment is closely related to the resistant treatment and poor prognosis of metastatic breast cancer. However, the effect of tumour‐derived exosomes on MDSCs and its mechanism are not clear. Here, we reported that breast cancer cells (4T1)‐secreted exosomes (BCC‐Ex) were able to differentiate bone marrow cells into MDSCs and significantly inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes to provide an immunosuppressive microenvironment for cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. The number of MDSCs in bone marrow and spleen of 4T1 tumour‐bearing mice and BCC‐Ex infused mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice, whereas the number of T lymphocytes in spleen was significantly decreased. In addition, BCC‐Ex markedly promoted the differentiation of MDSCs from bone marrow cells or bone marrow cells derived macrophages, seen as the increased expressions of MDSCs‐related functional proteins Arginase‐1 (Arg‐1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, BCC‐Ex significantly down‐regulated the expressions of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and markedly up‐regulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐10 in bone marrow cells and macrophages and remarkably inhibited the division and proliferation of T cells. Importantly, CXCR4 agonist, CXCL12, could reverse the function of BCC‐Ex, indicating that BCC‐Ex‐induced MDSCs might be dependent on the down‐regulation of CXCR4. Western blot showed that BCC‐Ex significantly promoted the phosphorylation of STAT3 in bone marrow cells, resulting in the inhibitions of the proliferation and apoptosis of bone marrow cells, and the aggravation of the differentiation of bone marrow cells into MDSCs.
- Published
- 2021
46. MdDREB2A in apple is involved in the regulation of multiple abiotic stress responses
- Author
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Xin-Yu Lian, Yuan-Yuan Li, Gui-Luan Wang, Qiang Zhao, Xinyu Zhao, and Yu-Jin Hao
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Transgene ,Plant Science ,Genetically modified crops ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,SB1-1110 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Arabidopsis ,Proline ,Function ,Transcription factor ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Ecology ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Abiotic stress ,fungi ,Apple ,food and beverages ,Plant culture ,biology.organism_classification ,Malondialdehyde ,Cell biology ,Open reading frame ,030104 developmental biology ,MdDREB2A ,chemistry ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Abiotic stress has a serious effect on plant growth. The transcription factor DREB2A is a member of the AP2/ERF family, which is widely involved in abiotic stress response. However, the function of apple MdDREB2A has not been systematically investigated. In this study,MdDREB2A was isolated from the cultivar ‘Royal Gala’. The open reading frame of MdDREB2A was 1 197 bp in length and it encoded a protein of 398 amino acids with molecular weight of 43.8 kD. As a transcription factor, MdDREB2A was located in the nucleus. qRT-PCR analysis showed that MdDREB2A was involved in responses to drought, salt, and ABA stresses. Under these stress treatments, the relative electrical conductivity, superoxide anion and malondialdehyde (MDA) in transgenic materials significantly decreased, and the content of proline increased in MdDREB2A transgenic plants, compared to the controls, indicating that MdDREB2A transgenic apple calli and transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited improved resistance to abiotic stress. This study introduces a candidate gene for the genetic improvement of crop resistance and reveals important function of MdDREB2A in the regulation of abiotic stress response.
- Published
- 2021
47. Bufadienolides from the Eggs of the Toad Bufo bufo gargarizans and Their Antimelanoma Activities
- Author
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Zi Wei Li, Shi Wen Zhou, Zhuo Shang, Jie Li, Jun Shan Liu, Lei Wang, Xiao-Qi Zhang, Jing Yu Quan, Ge Ye, Ze Ping Chen, Xin Yuan Li, and Hai Yan Tian
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Cell growth ,Organic Chemistry ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Toad ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Biochemistry ,Apoptosis ,In vivo ,Cell culture ,biology.animal ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Zebrafish ,Bufo bufo gargarizans - Abstract
Toads produce potent toxins, named bufadienolides, to defend against their predators. Pharmacological research has revealed that bufadienolides are potential anticancer drugs. In this research, we reported nine bufadienolides from the eggs of the toad Bufo bufo gargarizans, including two new compounds (1 and 3). The chemical structures of 1 and 3, as well as of one previously reported semisynthesized compound (2), were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data interpretation, chemical methods, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 is an unusual 19-norbufadienolide with rearranged A/B rings. A biological test revealed that compounds 2 and 4-8 showed potent cytotoxic activities toward human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-1 with IC50 values less than 1.0 μM. A preliminary mechanism investigation revealed that the most potent compound, 8, could induce apoptosis via PARP cleavage, while 5 and 6 significantly suppressed angiogenesis in zebrafish. Furthermore, an in vivo biological study showed that 5, 6, and 8 inhibit SK-MEL-1 cell growth significantly.
- Published
- 2021
48. Ligustrum fengjieense (Oleaceae), a new species from eastern Chongqing, China
- Author
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Siyuan Zeng, Jie Yu, and Xian-Yuan Li
- Subjects
Pedicel ,Oleaceae ,Botany ,Stamen ,Plant Science ,Biology ,China ,Eudicots ,biology.organism_classification ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Abstract
Ligustrum fengjieense (Oleaceae), a new species from Fengjie County, Chongqing, China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to L. pricei and L. expansum, but it can be distinguished by its extremely long pedicels and purple anthers. Color photographs, conservation assessments and taxonomical notes are provided.
- Published
- 2021
49. Levels and patterns of genetic variation in Pampus minor: Assessment of a mitochondrial DNA control region sequence
- Author
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Liyan Zhang, Yuan Li, Longshan Lin, Cheng Liu, and Jing Zhang
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Mitochondrial DNA ,Phylogenetic tree ,Population ,Haplotype ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Oceanography ,Analysis of molecular variance ,Nucleotide diversity ,Refugium (population biology) ,Evolutionary biology ,Genetic variation ,education - Abstract
Pampus minor is an important commercial fish. Due to the similarity of external morphological characteristics among the genus Pampus species, P. minor has often been identified as the juvenile group of both P. cinereus and P. argenteus. While little genetic background on this species is known, this study was based on control region sequences and provided the first evaluation of the genetic signature of 264 individuals of P. minor from 11 populations along the coasts of China and Malaysia. The results indicate high genetic haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity in this species. Additionally, two differentiated haplotype lineages were identified in the P. minor populations. However, phylogenetic structures corresponding to the geographical locations were unable to be established. Analysis of molecular variance identified a vast majority of the genetic variation occurring within populations. F-statistic test value (FST) of pairwise indicated that great differences existed between the Chinese and Malaysian P. minor populations. For the Chinese populations, the genetic differences were insignificant with the exception of the Xiamen population, which is a marginal population. During the late Pleistocene, a population expansion of P. minor occurred. These expanded populations originated from the glacial refugium in the South China Sea and then rapidly occupied and adapted to their new habitat. The results of this study provide genetic information for ensuring the protection and management of P. minor resources.
- Published
- 2021
50. DF-MDA: An effective diffusion-based computational model for predicting miRNA-disease association
- Author
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Lei Wang, Zheng-Wei Li, Hao-Yuan Li, Xin Yan, and Zhu-Hong You
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,Genetic Diseases, Inborn ,Computational Biology ,Disease Association ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Random forest ,MicroRNAs ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Databases, Genetic ,Drug Discovery ,microRNA ,Genetics ,Colon neoplasm ,Humans ,Molecular Medicine ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,RNA, Long Noncoding ,Original Article ,Molecular Biology ,Algorithms ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
It is reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in various human diseases. However, the mechanisms of miRNA in these diseases have not been fully understood. Therefore, detecting potential miRNA-disease associations has far-reaching significance for pathological development and the diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases. In this study, we propose a novel diffusion-based computational method, DF-MDA, for predicting miRNA-disease association based on the assumption that molecules are related to each other in human physiological processes. Specifically, we first construct a heterogeneous network by integrating various known associations among miRNAs, diseases, proteins, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and drugs. Then, more representative features are extracted through a diffusion-based machine-learning method. Finally, the Random Forest classifier is adopted to classify miRNA-disease associations. In the 5-fold cross-validation experiment, the proposed model obtained the average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9321 on the HMDD v3.0 dataset. To further verify the prediction performance of the proposed model, DF-MDA was applied in three significant human diseases, including lymphoma, lung neoplasms, and colon neoplasms. As a result, 47, 46, and 47 out of top 50 predictions were validated by independent databases. These experimental results demonstrated that DF-MDA is a reliable and efficient method for predicting potential miRNA-disease associations.
- Published
- 2021
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