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Objective: This study sought to investigate the effects of Guanfu total base on Bcl-2 and Bax expression and the correlation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression with atrial fibrillation. Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model, and treatment groups (n = 8 each). A combined intravenous injection of CaCl2 (10 mg/mL) and acetylcholine (Ach; 66 μg/mL) was administered to the model and treatment groups for 7 consecutive days to induce atrial fibrillation. After 3 days, the treatment group was administered orally with Aconitum coreanum. Controls received saline for 7 consecutive days. Atrial fibrillation duration was monitored by using an electrocardiogram. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to measure the expression and distribution of Bcl-2 and Bax in the atrial myocardial tissues, RT-PCR was used to measure the Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression, and western blot was used to measure Bcl-2 and Bax expression in the atrial myocardial tissue. Results: The model group showed prolonged atrial fibrillation, but this was absent in the control and treatment groups, indicating that treatment with A. coreanum effectively reduced atrial fibrillation duration. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Bcl-2 expression in the atrial muscle tissue was significantly lower, but Bax expression was significantly higher in the model group compared to that in the control group. After treatment, Bcl-2 expression increased and Bax expression decreased (P

Four new hetisine-type C20 -diterpenoid alkaloids, named as coreanines A-D (1-4), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum, together with thirteen known alkaloids (5-17). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR techniques. All the isolated compounds were screened for the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects, and none of them showed considerable inhibitory activity.

Aconitum coreanum (H. Lev.) Rapaics listed in the Korean Red List is a medicinal herb. We presented complete chloroplast genome, which is 157,024 bp long and has four subregions: 87,637 bp of large...

Two new diterpenoid alkaloids, Guan-Fu base J (GFJ, 1) and Guan-Fu base N (GFN, 2) along with nineteen known alkaloids (3-21) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum (Lèvl.) Rapaics, which is the raw material of a new approval anti-arrhythmia drug "Acehytisine Hydrochloride". The structures of isolated compounds were established by means of 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic and chemical methods. All isolates obtained in the present study were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on blocking the ventricular specific sodium current using a whole-cell patch voltage-clamp technique. Among these 21 compounds, Guan-Fu base S (GFS, 3) showed the strongest inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 3.48 μM, and only hetisine-type C20 diterpenoid alkaloids showed promising IC50 values for further development.

1. IntroductionThe medicinal plant Aconitum coreanum (Le`vl.) Rapaics iswidely distributed in northeastern China, Korea and Russia. Theroots of this herb, called ‘Guan Bai Fu’ in Chinese, were used intraditional Chinesemedicineforthetreatmentofstrokes,epilepsy,tetanus and migraine disorders (Editorial Committee of ChineseBencao, 1998). Pharmacological studies demonstrated that itsextracts possess anti-arrhythmic (Hou et al., 1987), analgesic, andanti-inflammatory activities (Jiang et al., 1987). The previousphytochemical studies on this herb have led to the isolation ofseveral diterpenoid alkaloids, sitosterol, and organic acids (Hanet al.,1994).Guan-fubaseA,oneofthemainditerpenoidalkaloids,had

A new diterpenoid, guan fu diterpenoid A (1), and a new diterpenoid alkaloid, guan fu base S (2), were isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Aconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics, together with five known diterpenoid alkaloids guan fu base P, guan fu base R, guan fu base G, guan fu base F, and guan fu base Z. The structures of the two new compounds were elucidated as ent-kaurane-16,20-diol (1) and (11β,13S)-2,3,15,16-tetradehydro-16,17-dihydrohetisan-11,13,14-triol 11,13-diacetate (2) on the basis of HR-MS and 2D-NMR analyses. This is the first report of an ent-kaurane diterpenoid in Aconitum coreanum.

The biological activity of 11 alkaloids isolated from Aconitum coreanum was studied. The compounds exhibit myorelaxant activity. Isoatisine and coryphine, which contain oxazolidine rings, are the most active. N-Oxides of 2-isobutyryl-14-hydroxyhetisine and 2-isobutyryl-13-acetyl-14-hydroxyhetisine are least active.

A new hetisine-type alkaloid, named as guan-fu base A 1 (1), and five known alkaloids including guan-fu base G (2), guan-fu base Y (3), guan-fu base Z (4), guan-fu base Q (5) and coldephnine (6) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum. The structure of 1 was established by spectral methods, especially 2D NMR techniques.

It has been established by the x-ray structural method that a new alkaloid isolated from the epigeal part ofAconitum coreanum has the structure of 13-acetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide. This is the first time that a N-oxide has been isolated among the hetisine alkaloids.

Aconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics (Guanbaifu in Chinese) is a widely used, centuries-old Chinese herb. A preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) method was employed for isolation and purification of alkaloids from the crude extract of Aconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics using ethyl acetate-n-butanol-methanol-0.2 m HCl (7:2:2:7, v/v) as a two-phase solvent system. Six alkaloids, including GFO, GFQ, GFZ, hetisinone, hetisine and GFAA, were obtained in one-step separation. The purity of these compounds was 97.6, 93.8, 91.8, 91.9, 96.2 and 91.1%, respectively.

A new hetisine-type alkaloid, named as guan-fu base A1 (1), and five known alkaloids including guan-fu base G (2), guan-fu base Y (3), guan-fu base Z (4), guan-fu base Q (5) and coldephnine (6) were isolated from the roots of Aconitum coreanum. The structure of 1 was established by spectral methods, especially 2D NMR techniques.

A new alkaloid has been isolated from the epigeal part ofAconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics, for which the structure of 14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide has been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and a chemical transformation.

A new C20-diterpene alkaloid of the coryphine type has been isolated from the plantAconitum coreanum (Levl.) Rapaics, and it has been called coryphidine. Its structure has been established on the basis of an analysis of IR and1H and13C NMR spectra. This is the second diterpene alkaloid having a hexahydro-N-methylindole fragment at C-17. Coryphidine contains an imide grouping, which is unusual for a diterpene skeleton.