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Fish and other members of the aquatic habitats are usually in constant interaction with their habitat and potentially harmful pathogens. This study was undertaken to evaluate some of the immune components in the bioactive crude obtained from epidermal mucus of climbing perch. The enzyme activities were assessed using the spectrophotometer and turbidometric assay for the lysozyme activity, and while antimicrobial peptides were determined via AKTA Purifier 10 FPLC with a Superdex™ peptide 10/300 GL column and Q-TOF LC/MS for characterization. Likewise, the antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa ATCC 10451 was achieved using chromatography fractions. Results showed that higher activities of lysozyme and protease were present in the crude extract. While values for alkaline phosphatase and esterase activities varied. The data analysis of Q-TOF LC/MS showed apolipoprotein A1, haemoglobin subunit beta (Fragment), elongation factor 1-alpha, cytochrome C oxidase subunit1 (Fragment), Beta-actin (Fragment) and potent antimicrobial peptides including de novo AAGPKGPLGPR peptide in crude. This result emphasizes their role in protecting to climbing perch from foreign invaders as a part of the innate immune system throughout the epidermal mucus. The bioactive crude has a high potential to be used as a natural antimicrobial agent for pharmaceutical applications.

Epidermal mucus of fish contains a number of biologically active constituents including antimicrobial peptides that are continuously expressed and also engaged in provision of protection to the fish against injurious substances as well as potential pathogenic microbes. This study seeks to determine the hemolytic and antibacterial properties of crude extract from epidermal mucus of climbing perch. Epidermal mucus and epidermis were obtained from 15 climbing perches after hypothermic stress stimulation for extraction of crude by aqueous and acidic methods. Antibacterial activity by well diffusion agar was applied for both extracts against 11 strains belonging to 7 different bacterial species using well agar diffusion test assay. In addition, haemolytic activity was investigated using horse RBCs. Antibacterial activity was performed for acidified crude extract only and it was found to be significant (P