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The article presents the results of field research conducted in 2020 on the territory of the Ile-Alatau State National Natural Park. As a result of the conducted research, 32 species belonging to 2 families of hemiptera of the infraorder Pentatomomorpha I were identified. Among them, the predominant species composition of the family Lygaeidae is 21 species (66%), and 11 species are known from the family Aradidae (34%). On trophic specialization, they are divided into mycetophagy (11 species), phytophages (21 species, of which politicology – 16 types, wide oligotherapy – 3, narrow oligotherapy – 2). According to the type of food, both taking into account the number and number of species in the complex of hemiptera, phytophages clearly predominate. According to the number of generations per year, the hemiptera of the Ile-Alatau SNNP are divided into 4 groups: acyclic (different stages of development can be found simultaneously throughout the year) – 11 species, monovoltine (one generation per year) - 15 species, bivoltine (two generations per year) – 5 species, polyvoltine (several generations per year) - 1 species. There are 30 species with mesophilic ecology in the study area, only 1 species is hygromesophilus. Among the hemiptera of the Ile-Alatau GNPP, 19 species (61%) overwinter in the imago stage, 11 species (35%) in the imago and larvae stage, and 1 species (4%) in the egg stage.

The article presents data on the appearance, spatial distribution, and ecological features of the golden jackal in the Tuzlivski Lymany National Nature Park. The estimated abundance of the jackal population is given along with its influence on local fauna of the national nature park. During the 20 years since the first jackals were recorded in the Ukrainian Black Sea coast, the jackal has become well-adapted to natural ecosystems of the Tuzlivski Lymany National Nature Park. Suitable protection and foraging conditions are provided in the park for this predator by steppe areas, sandbars of the Black Sea coast, and the artificial Lebedivskiy forest. For nursing the puppies, in addition to open natural habitats, especially reeds of wetlands, shrubs in the artificial forest, the jackal also uses burrows dug by itself. Currently, there are at least five jackal groups in the territory of the park. The number of broods and size of jackal groups fluctuates depending on seasonal climatic conditions and water level in the estuaries, which determine the availability of food and the character of hunting. The number of jackals in the park and surrounding areas was higher in 2020 than in the period when the water level in the estuaries was higher, and the number of jackals reached about 150 specimens. The population density of jackals in the park and surrounding areas is about 10 specimens per 1000 hectares. During the five years of observations in 2015 to 2020, the number of jackals increased slightly in the Tuzlivski Lymany National Nature Park due to the expansion of dry meadows to areas of former shoals. The area of sandbars has also increased providing access to the island systems where birds used to nest making these lands attractive for jackals as foraging sites. There is no sharp tendency to increase in the number of common jackals in the park. However, due to the likelihood of infection and spread of rabies by this predator species, some recreational areas should use rabies vaccine for oral immunisation of carnivores against rabies, which was done in September 2020 in the Lebedivskiy Forest tract of the park.

Diversity of trout (genus Salmo) in Croatia is still not well described on several levels, resulting in numerous taxonomic controversies and accumulation of conservation problems, especially in protected areas. The aim of this study was to determine genetic diversity and spatial distribution of trout in Žumberak-Samoborsko gorje Nature Park in Croatia using mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and to estimate the stability of their populations for conservation. Effective population sizes and migration rates, and intraspecific and intrapopulational genetic diversities were also estimated. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed three evolutionary independent and genetically distinct lineages, comprising 26 haplotypes. Majority of samples and haplotypes belong to S. labrax, the native species for this region. Even though S. labrax is widespread in the watercourses of the park and is present with moderately high genetic diversity, haplotypes of non-native S. trutta and S. marmoratus were also observed. In addition to the presence of non-native trout species, survival of native trout in this area is also endangered by habitat fragmentation and other anthropogenic pressures, causing conservational concern.

A B S T R A C T Background Mosquito was one of the animals that can transmit deadly diseases. Information about water reservoirs as their habitat as well as human knowledge, attitudes and behavior factors are considered important to help eradicate mosquito. This study aims to determine the effect of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of cleaners on the number of mosquito larvae in water reservoirs in Palembang. Methods This research was mixed method research (quantitative and qualitative) in the field and laboratory. The research samples were all mosquito larvae and containers found. The research respondents were all cleaning services. Data were collected by interviewing and filling in questionnaires, observing water reservoirs and identifying the types of mosquito larvae in microscope. Results A total of 40 containers were found in Punti Kayu Nature Park. There were 8 containers that were indoors (20%) and 32 containers were outdoors (80%) with 17 containers contained larvae. Of all the containers that were positive for larvae, 6 were filled with clear water and 11 were filled with turbid water. The number of larvae found were 358 larvae outdoors and 82 larvae indoor with a total of 440 mosquito larvae with the genus Culex spp. and Aedes albopictus species. The index of mosquito larvae were obtained FLI (Free Larva index)=66,67%, HI (House Index)=33,33%, CI (Container Index)=16,67%, BI (Breteau Index)=33.33% from the 3 buildings examined. From these results, it was obtained DF (density figure) or density level of 5. There were 40 containers that could be habitats for Culex spp. and Aedes albopictus. Conclusion The knowledge, attitude and behavior of the cleaning services were good. The number of mosquito larvae could be influenced by the frequency of cleaning and the lack of knowledge of the cleaning services.

The article performs the results of the study of morphological parameters of individuals of the population of Crocus heuffelianus Herb on the territory of the nature reserve fund in the conditions of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park. The aim of our research was to study the morphometric parameters of Crocus heuffelianus to establish the adaptive capacity of the species in the study area. The morphometry of 50 generative individuals of Crocus heuffelianus growing in the 10th quarter of the Chemerivtsi environmental scientific-research department was performed.The general characteristic of the dynamics of vegetative cover on the investigated territory is representes basing on the conducted geobotanical descriptions of phytocenoses with the participation of Crocus heuffelianus Herb. Crocus heufellianus grows within 10 quarters in the forest crops Quercus robur L. (twenty-five years old), plantations of Pinus sylvestris L. (forty years old) and in the area with the group of QUERCO-FAGETEA BR.-BL. ET VLIEGER 1937, Fagetalia sylvaticae Pawі. 1928, Carpinion betuli Issler 1931 em. Mayer 1937 where eighty-year-old Carpinus betulus L., Quercus robur L. predominate. The analysis of measurements was carried out in the studied population of the species: plant height together with inflorescence; length and width of leaves. According to the results of our study, it has been found out that the height of plants in the population ranged from 7.6 cm to 14 cm. On average, this figure was 10.3 ± 2.0 cm. The size of the leaves of the predominant number of individuals in the population was characterized by the following anatomical and morphological parameters: width – 0.2-0.7 cm, length – 4.9-10.7 cm. It is shown that the vast majority of individuals of the species have one flower. Crocus heuffelianus has some variability of morphological features in the studied population. This indicates a significant potential for the species to grow in different environmental conditions, which can not be realized under conditions of increased anthropogenic pressure. The unique plain localities of this Montana-Alpine species on the territory of the Podilski Tovtry National Nature Park have a high sozological and scientific significance and require systematic, long-term monitoring.

This work is the first attempt to make up an inventory of the fauna of rove beetles in the Hutsulshchyna National Natural Park (Ukraine, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast), which was created in 2002 and has an area of 32,271 hectares. The modern territory of the park has never been the object of special scientific research on the fauna of rove beetles of the Aleocharinae subfamily. As a result, information about the finds of representatives of the Aleocharinae subfamily has been obtained from the study of the largest collection of rove beetles in Ukraine, which contains both modern collections and collections of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The collection was formed by Marian-Aloiz Lomnitski and was further developed and replenished with collections from different parts of Ukraine and the world by several generations of Ukrainian and European entomologists. For the moment, the collection is kept in the funds of the State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and contains more than 1,500 specimens, which belong to more than 300 species and are of great historical and scientific value. As a result of the conducted studies, 30 species belonging to 18 genera are reported for the first time for the fauna of the Hutsulshchyna National Nature Park, of which 4 species (Atheta corvina (Thomson, 1856), Schistoglossa viduata (Erichson, 1837), Leptusa puellaris puellaris (C. Hampe, 1863), Silusa rubra (Erichson, 1839)) are reported for the first time for the territory of Ukraine. The species and specimens (with references, data of their distribution in Europe, as well as substrate and biotope preferences of adults) are listed. The obtained data will later on provide an opportunity to expand the understanding of the distribution of species – specifically for faunal research, as well as for biogeographic modelling.

The aims this researc to analyze the biotic index of dragonflies (Odonata) in the Suranadi Nature Park. This research is a descriptive exploratory research. The method used in data collection is the survey method on predetermined transect lines, namely the forest left, right, middle forest and river paths. Data retrieval is done 2 times in 1 month in the morning at 08.00-11.00 WIB and evening at 15.00 - 17.00 WIB. The results showed that the biotic index of dragonflies in Suranadi Nature Park showed that there were 3 species that had the greatest biotic index, namely Gynacantha subinterupta, Zyxomma obtusum and Libelago linearis. There are 13 species that have a biotic index of 0-2. The conclusion is that the dragonfly biotic index in Suranadi Nature Park is more in the 0-2 category, which means that dragonflies still have a wide distribution so they are very commonly found throughout the Suranadi Nature Park.

An annotated list of new records of butterflies and moths of the National Nature Park ‘Dvorichanskyi’ is provided. The list includes 85 species, of which 46 are registered in the park for the first time, 24 are new records for Kharkiv Region, and 1 (Phtheochroa unionana (Kennel, 1900)) is new for Ukraine. Totally, there are 1,284 species of Lepidoptera registered in the National Nature Park ‘Dvorichanskyi’. There are 12 species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine and 23 species from the Red Data Book of Kharkiv Region of Ukraine registered in the park.

As a result of the research performed at SNNP “Kolsai Koldery”, we noted 26 species of hemipterans, belonging to 3 families. According to nutrition connections the identified hemipterans are 6 species are phytophages: polyphages (4 %), wide oligophages (22 %), 1 species - zoophytophage (4 %), the remaining 16 species are mycetophages (70 %). By confinement to the habitats, the hemipterans of SNNP “Kolsai Koldery”are divided into several groups: dendrobionts (15 species), hortobionts (6 species), herpetobionts (2 species). On the territory of SNNP “Kolsai Koldery”according to ecological features, all identified species are mesophiles. For the true bugs of SNNP “Kolsai Koldery” all known types of voltinism are characteristic: monovoltinism (6 species), bivoltinism (1 species), acyclic species (16 species).

Data on some noteworthy finds of interesting representatives of the subgenus Telamonia of the genus Cortinarius in Ukraine are presented. Two of them, C. decipiens var. atrocoeruleus and C. flexipes var. flabellus, have been registered for the first time in Ukraine; the typical variety of the former species is still unknown in our country. Other two taxa are rarely reported in Ukraine; those are C. flexipes var. flexipes, known also from Left-Bank Polyssia, and C. diasemospermus, so far recorded only in the Ukrainian Carpathians. All taxa were found in Male Polissia National Nature Park (Khmelnytsky Region), C. diasemospermus was also collected in Shatsky National Nature Park. The data about their distribution in Ukraine and worldwide, detailed descriptions of macro- and microscopical features, as well as original photos of the fruit bodies and drawings of the spores are provided. It should be noted that all these taxa are quite common in appropriate habitats in Europe and usually are not considered rare. Probably in Ukraine they also occur more often than they are reported at present and new finds of these species and varieties can be expected.

The monitoring of population state of White Stork (Ciconia ciconia L.) in the National Nature Park "Pyriatynskyi" and surrounding area was carried out in 2014–2019. The number of nests in the area was counted and the nest site selection were investigated. A breeding success analysis was also conducted. There were from 86 to 102 nests occupied by storks observed for a six-year study period. The mean number of fledglings in relation to all nest occupying breeding pairs (JZa) was 2,43 ± 0,04 (n = 570), and in relation to breeding pairs with nestlings (JZm) was 2,75 ± 0,04 (n = 502). The percentage of unsuccessful pairs was 10,07 % (%HPo). In different years, breeding success (the proportion of successful pairs with fledglings) ranged from 78,43 % in 2017 to 98,94 % in 2015. The majority of pairs fledged 2 (34,93 %) or 3 (36,92 %) young, that makes 71,85% of broods for total. Broods of 5 nestlings, which is the maximum value for the study area, are rare and registered not every year. Only 4,44% of the total number of such nests was identified for six years. During 2015–2016 storks hatched a smaller number of nestlings, but far more successfully fledged them than in the previous year 2014 and subsequent 2018–2019 years. The year 2017 became the most unfavorable for stork breeding in the region of the park – birds raised the smallest number of fledglings, and the proportion of unsuccessful pairs was the largest for the years of observation. All found nests of a White Stork are located singly within the boundaries of settlements. The preferred nest site is on poles (69,29 % of the total nest number), other types of placement are less common (trees, buildings of various types, water towers and artificial nests). 10 or more nests of storks were recorded in the villages Deimanivka, Povstyn, Antonivka, Usivka and Kaplyntsi located in the floodplain of the Udai river. The average density of nests per settlement was 1,7 ± 0,3 km2.

The species composition was studied and the number of rare and endangered species of passerines was assessed on the territory of Kiev Goloseevsky park named after M. Rylsky. 34 passerine species (Passeriformes) belonging to 14 families were identified, among which the most representatives include the families of finch (Fringillidae) – 6 species; fly-catching (Muscicapidae) – 6 species; raven (Corvidae) – 5 species. In the percentage ratio, the number of registered passerines is dominated by the raven (Corvidae) and fly-catcher (Muscicapidae) families. The most numerous is the grey crow (hoodie) (Corvus cornix). The features of the distribution of a number of passerines on the territory under study are revealed The results of the study can be used to identify patterns of formation of ornithological complexes on the territory of Goloseevsky Park named after M. Rylsky and create environmental and protection programs for the development of the National Nature Park "Goloseevsky".

Orchid diversity studies have been conducted at the Sorong Nature Park, Sorong City, West Papua. There are 84 collection numbers consisting of 69 epiphytic orchids, 14 terrestrial orchids, and 1 holomycotrophic orchid. This number belongs to 34 genera and 84 species, which are native species with at least 36 endemic species. Dendrobium, Bulbophyllum, and Taeniophyllum are the three genera with the highest numbers of species. Key words: Orchid, Diversity, Sorong National Park, West Papua.

During the geobotanical survey of the vegetation of the southern part of the Nature Park "Numto", located within the subzone of the northern taiga in the center of the West Siberian Plain, 140 species of bryophytes, including 87 species of mosses and 53 species of liverworts, of which 24 species of mosses and all liverworts are new to the territory of the Nature Park. Two species of sphagnum mosses – Sphagnum inexpectatum and S. mirum – are the most important finds for the Western Siberia. Sphagnum inexpectatum is listed for the first time for the territory of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District. The information on ecology and phytocenotic confinement of 18 species of mosses, known earlier in the Nature Park from one point or on a few and single finds, is supplemented. An annotated list of all identified species of bryophytes is given.

The blood analysis of the great tit in a protected area of National Nature Park “Homilshanski Forests” (Kharkiv Region, Ukraine) was performed in the age-related dynamics of its postembryogenesis. Using our own method, developed for collecting venous blood from the eye sinus, the identity of leukogram percentages between the literary data and our obtained results was established thereby providing evidence in favour of the application of our development. Erythrocytes were studied with the help of the micronucleus test, which results reliably testify that the studied birds were not exposed to any chemical or physical contamination. No parasitic infections were found in blood smears. Further improvement of the blood taking method is planned in order to collect samples for biochemical and genetic analyses

Data on dynamics of population and distribution of the wildcat and in the Uzhansky National Nature Park from since its creation (2001–2016) are presented. Results of census of this species are analysed. The abundance of the wildcat became critical on the territory of the park in the beginning of the 20th century. Significant increase in its abundance has been noticed since 2007. The most important factors threatening the existence of species were analysed and it was established that the greatest threats for the species are poaching and conflicts with the locals. The creation of the national park improved conditions for the existence of the wildcat in the territory and for conservation of the species in general. There are favourable natural conditions and rich feeding base for existence of this mammal in the park.

Bird strikes are a major safety and financial concern for modern aviation. Audible stimuli are common bird dispersal techniques, but their effectiveness is limited by the saliency and relevance of the stimulus. Furthermore, high ambient sound levels present at airfields might require that effective audible stimuli rely more on total volume (i.e., exceeding physiological tolerances) than ecological relevance. Acoustic hailing devices (AHD) are capable of sound output with a narrow beam width and at volumes high enough to cause physical discomfort at long distances. We tested the effectiveness of an AHD as a dispersal tool on free-ranging birds recognized as hazardous to aviation safety at the Savannah River Site and Phinizy Swamp Nature Park in South Carolina and Georgia, USA, respectively, between October 2013 and March 2015. Our study design included experimental trials with timed-interval counts of birds directly before and after AHD treatment. For most species, counts of birds associated with treatment periods (use of AHD) and control periods (no use of AHD) occurred on different days. Sound treatments yielded variable success at dispersing birds. Specifically, AHD treatment was effective for dispersing vultures (Coragyps atratus and Cathartes aura) and gulls (Laridae), but ineffective for dispersing blackbirds (Icteridae), diving ducks (Aythya spp., Bucephala spp., Oxyura spp.), and coots (Fulica americana). Trials were conducted in a relatively quiet environment with birds that were unhabituated to excessive noise; thus, we cannot unequivocally recommend an AHD as a universally effective avian dispersing tool. However, future research should consider AHD testing integrated with other methods, as well as investigation of treatments that might be salient to specific target species. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.

Environmental situation in the cities, especially in the capital cities is the object of special attention in all developed countries. Carbon depositing role of forest plantations is one of the key issues of environmental monitoring. As National Nature Park "Holosiivskyi" is an important object for the analysis of consequences of anthropogenic and technogenic impacts on forest areas within the capital of Ukraine, the research aims at identifying qualitative indexes of hornbeam trunk and crown phytomass components for the further research of biotic potential and environmental functions of NNP "Holosiivskyi" forests. The collection of research material was carried out on 11 temporary sample plots (TSP). While conducting research P.I. Lakida's methods were used. Consequently, the authors have got the following results. Firstly, average meaning of basic wood density in European hornbeam trunk is 667 kg (м3)-1, bark and wood are 553 and 678 kg (м3)-1 correspondingly. A significant percentage of tree biomass accounts for wood and bark of crown branches. Average basic wood density in bark is 611 kg (м3)-1, in wood and bark of the branches are 618 and 559 kg (м3)-1 correspondingly. Leaves proportion in wood foliage on average is 49.6 %, absolutely dry matter content in leaves is 0.44 %. Considering that simulation of phytomass components density indexes is often carried out in a logarithmic coordinate system, statistical evaluation of statistical values distribution in this system was carried out. The obtained results indicate that not all taxation characters in a logarithmic coordinate system at a small number of observations come close to normal distribution law. Thus, the research of phytomass quality indexes was carried out for the purpose of absolutely dry matter stocks calculating, which will allow assessing the carbon content in structural elements of European hornbeam stands phytomass. Comparing the data obtained for the hornbeam stands of NNP "Holosiivskyi" with the data given in regulatory and reference materials, it should be noted that significant differences were not found. However there is some difference of research results (especially wood fraction), that can be attributed to small difference of growing conditions. Obtained results will be used in further studies of biotic potential of NNP "Holosiivskyi" forests and their environmental functions.

For the first time, we studied 18 lakes of the Artabel Lakes Nature Park and revealed 154 species of non-diatoms algae from four taxonomic Divisions. Charophyta (73 taxa) prevails in the flora and mainly represented by the genus Cosmarium (37). Cyanobacteria (42), Chlorophyta (30) and Eunlenozoa (9) are also present. New records for the Turkish algae flora are represented by 31 taxa, most of which belong to Cosmarium (15) and Staurastrum (5). Rare species from benthic cyanobacteria were revealed in communities of the Artabel Lake. Statistical methods revealed a high individuality of the algae communities and divided it into two major group: Acambol–Yıldız, and Beş–Artabel, which belong to different River Basins. The altitude of the lakes appears to be the major environmental variable that controls the non-diatom algal diversity. Bioindication characterized the water of studied lakes as temperate by temperature, middle saturated with oxygen, neutral to low acidic pH, low saline, Class 2–3 of Water Quality and mesotrophic. © 2020. All Rights Reserved. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, KTU: FBA-2016-5487 This Project was financially supported by Karadeniz Technical University (BAP: FBA-2016-5487). We are grateful to teacher Vehbi Yal?in for his support in the field. This work has been partly supported by the Israeli Ministry of Aliyah and Integration. 2-s2.0-85099625245

Habitat characteristics associated with species occurrences represent important baseline information for wildlife management and conservation, but have rarely been assessed for countries recently joining the EU. We used footprint tracking data and landscape characteristics in Romania to investigate the occurrence of brown bear (Ursus arctos), gray wolf (Canis lupus) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) and to compare model predictions between Natura 2000 and national-level protected areas (gap analysis). Wolves were more likely to occur where rugged terrain was present. Increasing proportion of forest was positively associated with occurrence of all large carnivores, but forest type (broadleaf, mixed, or conifer) generally varied with carnivore species. Areas where cultivated lands were extensive had little suitable habitat for lynx, whereas bear occurrence probability decreased with increasing proportion of built areas. Pastures were positively associated with wolf and lynx occurrence. Brown bears occurred primarily where national roads with high traffic volumes were at low density, while bears and lynx occurred at medium-high densities of communal roads that had lower traffic volumes. Based on predictions of carnivore distributions, natural areas protected in national parks were most suitable for carnivores, nature parks were less suitable, whereas EU-legislated Natura 2000 sites had the lowest probability of carnivore presence. Our spatially explicit carnivore habitat suitability predictions can be used by managers to amend borders of existing sites, delineate new protected areas, and establish corridors for ecological connectivity. To assist recovery and recolonization, management could also focus on habitat predicted to be suitable but where carnivores were not tracked.

The paper presents an inventory of hawthorns occurring in the National Nature Park ‘Podilskyi Tovtry’. 8 taxa were recorded based on the field studies during the years 2009-2013, as well as on the published data. Four of them are new for the flora of the Park’s area: C. × macrocarpa Hegetschw., C. × subsphaericea Gand., C. × media Bechst., and the triple hybrid C. monogyna Jacq. × C. laevigata (Pior.) DC. × C. rhipidophylla Gand.

This paper provides a list of intracellular isozyme systems of Trichaptum abietinum (J. Dicks.) Ryvarden (Basidiomycetes) that can be used for population studies. Population structure of the fungus within the Carpathian National Nature Park (CNNP) was established. Percent of polymorphic loci in general was 83.3%. Groups of rare alleles were assigned Sod88 , Sod138 , Sdh191, and Est111 . Calculated Wright's fixation index allowed establishing privilege of the heterozygotes on locus Acp and homozygotes on locus Sod. The population of T. abietinum in the CNNP was in equilibrium state.

Thymallus thymallus is considered a species of significant protective importance within the Vişeu Watershed. The state of habitats characteristically inhabited by Thymallus thymallus within the Maramureş Mountains Nature Park is balanced between reduced (one third of the lotic sectors where the species was identified), average (one third) and good (one third). The excellent conservation status is currently missing for populations of this fish in the Vișeu Basin. Human impact types identified as contributing towards the decreasing state of Thymallus thymallus habitats and therefore populations in the studied area in comparison with its natural potential are: poaching, minor riverbeds morphodynamic changings, solid and liquid natural flow changes, destruction of riparian trees and bush vegetation, habitat fragmentation/isolation of population, organic and mining pollution, and displaced fish that are washed away during flood periods in the lotic sectors uniformized by humans.

Six newly recorded taxa, Chlamydomonas pertusa Chodat, Coenochloris pyrenoidosa Korshikov, Coenocystis tapasteana Komárek, Katagnymene accurata Geitler, Phormidium stagninum Anagnostidis, and Scytonema coactile Montagne ex Bornet & Flahault, were described from epipelic, epilithic, and epiphytic materials of the 17 high mountain lakes and a pond in Artabel Lakes Nature Park. The morphology of all species was examined by light microscopy. In this paper, the morphology, ecology, and distribution of these species are discussed. Photos of the species are also provided.

Concentrations of 23 trace elements (TEs; essential: Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se, V, Zn; non-essential: Ag, Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cs, Li, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Ti, Tl, U) in whole soft tissues of Noah's Ark shell (Arca noae) were determined monthly during one year (March 2013–February 2014) at two sampling sites in the central part of the Eastern Adriatic Sea. Our aim was to detect the influence of reproductive cycle and changes in the environmental factors on the variabilities of TEs' contents. Higher concentrations of Pb, Ba, V, Mo, Mn and Fe were found at potentially contaminated site in Pasman channel, whereas higher concentrations of Tl, Ni, Li, Cr, Cd, Ti and Se were found at reference site in Nature Park Telascica. Since several bioaccumulated TEs were associated to mean gonadal index, in TEs monitoring in A. noae, animal gonadal status has to be considered.

The Eudontomyzon danfordi characteristic habitats state of Maramureş Mountains Nature Park varies greatly, 19.05% are in excellent conservation status, 47.62% are in good/average status and 33.33% are in a partially degraded condition. The identified human impact categories which induced the decreasing of Eudontomyzon danfordi species habitat state in the studied area are: poaching, minor riverbeds morphodynamic changings, liquid and solid natural flow disruption, destruction of riparian trees and bush vegetation, habitat fragmentation-fish populations isolation, and organic/mining pollution activities.

A list of pteromalids (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) of the Sajram-Ugam State Natural Park in Western Tien Shan comprising 60 species is given. All the species are recorded from this territory for the first time, Mesopolobus arcanus Askew is new to Kazakhstan; it was reared for the first time from fruits of Ephedra equisetina Bunge (Ephedraceae).

The study is based on the analysis of the data of the 5th and 6th International surveys in Croatia on the pattern of 24 comparable municipalities. Fieldwork was carried out on the territory of Croatia in the breeding area of the White Stork in the ten years of breeding period from 1994/95 to 2004/05. In Croatia, overall assessment of the White Stork pairs in 2004/05 is 1714 on overall surface of 25 481 km2 with 6.73 pair/km2 and biological density of 11.56 HPa/100 km2. Roofs and chimneys of residential and farm buildings were the most frequent nest placement (57.97%), then electric poles (38.36%) and trees (2.19%). In ten years the population trend indicates a stability of White Stork in Croatia with increase of 5.16%. Breeding success (JZa) is 2.39 and population density (StD)is 7.94 HPa/100 km2. The shift in the nest placement from the roofs/chimneys, trees and other objects to electric poles shows 15.16% nests less on roofs and 96.40% more on electric poles. The area of Nature Park Lonjsko Polje is the most significant for the living and preserving the White Stork population supporting Cigoc with 37 and Osekovo with 35 pairs as villages with the most breeding pairs in Croatia, mainly on roofs/chimneys.

A new species of the twig-legged orb-weaver spider from the genus Cyphalonotus Simon 1895, C. selangor sp. nov., is illustrated and described based on a female specimen from Kuala Selangor Nature Park, Malaysia.

In the paper some parameters of topical relationships of Common buzzard (Buteo buteo L.) in Rivne Nature Reserve and Shatsk National Park (Western Polissya) were discussed. On the study area Buzzards usually choose pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaerth.) as a nesting trees in proportion to their abundance in the environment. In case of aspen (Populus tremula L.) and Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) Buzzards show some selectivity. Dimensions of nesting trees are in average larger than the neighboring trees (Z = 5.18, p

The research was conducted in three lakes in the area of the Park Buluhcina-Kampar on March to July 2019, aims to look at the impact of environmental riparia chage and diversity of fish species. This survey research methods, through a purposive sampling technique as the activity of residents in the neighborhood riparia in Baru Lake, Pinang Luar Lake, and Pinang Dalam Lake. Research parameters are: Characteristic riparia environmental and ecological aspects. The collection of data through open interviews and attempts catch per unit effort tool to use nets fishing gear step and dustpan. Ecological aspects of data analysis include the fish species composition and physical-chemical factors. Results human activity is causing changes in the environmental riparia setting in the TWA and the impact on environmental degradation and decline in species composition. Changes in environmental quality in the lake found the highest riparia Pinang Luar Lake indicated by a decrease in the plant canopy, increasing water temperature, a decrease in oxygen content and pH of the water, as well as the lowest of fish species diversity, the spread of the fish tends to uneven compared to two other lakes.

The Bolimów Large Forest, of 85 km2 area, is situated in the center of Poland, between Warsaw and Lodz, in the middle course of Rawka river. It is a rest of a former extent woodland, in which the aurochs Bos primigenius had lived until 1627. The aurochs became extinct in whole Europe in early medieval time. Because of special protection ordered by Polish kings this species had survived in Poland to the begening of XVII century. The life history of the species and its habitat in last 200 years of existing is know well owing to archival documents. But from the XVI to the end of XIX centuries the exploitation of forest resources grew and grew, forest area diminished with action of agriculture and settlement. Only in XX century the trend of change turn back: forest area began grow and tree stands improve. Now the Bolimów Large Forest is protected by law as a Nature Park with 6 reserves inside. It has a very important functions as educational and touristic area.

Overabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) can have significant effects on forest understory vegetation, especially in parks where hunting is not permitted. The DePauw Nature Park is a large (210 ha) private park located in west-central Indiana; hunting was prohibited in the park when the park was established in 2003. The park is mostly forest habitat but is surrounded by a rural landscape consisting of a mix of agricultural fields and forest fragments. We assessed the effects of deer on forest understory vegetation in the park using exclosures and control plots and estimated the size of the deer population in the park using infrared digital game cameras. There were almost no changes in forest understory vegetation during the first four years after the exclosures were established. The estimated population size of deer in the park ranged from 46 to 66 deer per km2. Although no observations were made outside park boundaries, we believe that the deer often move in and out of the park, ...

This paper presents the result of researches on the segetal vegetation of the Bolimów Nature Park. In the area of research, 10 segetal associations and 1 community - 5 associations and 1 community of the Secalietea class and 5 associations of the Chenopodietea class - have been found. Among them following ones are quite interesting: Community with Saxifraga tridactylites, Galio-Ranunculetum arvensis, Veronico-Setarietum pumilae and Bilderdykio-Lamietum amplexicuule.

In the present study, macrofungi samples collected from Uzungol Nature Park (Trabzon) between 2011 and 2013 were identified and classified. After field and laboratory studies, 205 species were identified. Containing 7 previously reported species in the research area, totally 212 macrofungi species belonging to 129 genus and 64 families within the 2 division were given in the text. Fourty-six species belong to Ascomycota and 166 to Basidiomycota .

Dispersal of the White Stork Ciconia ciconia in the Lonjsko polje Nature Park, Croatia There are two main types of dispersal: natal and reproductive. Natal dispersal is more common and individuals travel a greater distance than during reproductive dispersal. Direction and distances depend on various factors. Dispersal of the White Storks, Ciconia ciconia, was analysed using resightings of colour-ringed individuals in the Lonjsko polje Nature Park, Croatia. 36.7% observed individuals did not disperse outside the natal settlement, while only 14.3% covered a distance longer than 50 km. The median dispersal distance was 4.21 km (IQR = 0 - 8.8, n = 49) ; the correlation of dispersion with the number of nests in settlements and the size of the settlements was studied. Results have shown that storks are dispersing from settlements with a small number of nest to settlements with a large number of nests and that dispersal does not depend on the size of the settlement.