1. Orally Administered CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Induces Production of CXC and CC Chemokines in the Gastric Mucosa and Suppresses Bacterial Colonization in a Mouse Model ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection
- Author
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Jan Holmgren, Sukanya Raghavan, Ali M. Harandi, Margareta Fredriksson, and Johanna Nyström
- Subjects
Chemokine ,CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide ,Immunology ,Administration, Oral ,Microbiology ,Helicobacter Infections ,Mice ,Immune system ,Immunity ,Gastric mucosa ,medicine ,Animals ,Chemokine CCL4 ,Chemokine CCL5 ,Macrophage inflammatory protein ,Chemokine CCL3 ,Host Response and Inflammation ,Innate immune system ,Helicobacter pylori ,biology ,hemic and immune systems ,respiratory system ,Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins ,Immunity, Innate ,Chemokine CXCL10 ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ,CpG site ,Gastric Mucosa ,Chemokines, CC ,biology.protein ,CpG Islands ,Female ,Parasitology ,Erratum ,Chemokines, CXC - Abstract
Bacterial DNA and unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) are known to be potent stimulators of the innate immune system in vitro and in vivo. We therefore investigated if oral administration of CpG ODN could enhance innate immunity in the gastric mucosa and control the extent ofHelicobacter pyloriinfection in mice. Intragastric administration of a single dose of CpG ODN significantly increased local production of the CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), MIP-1β, and RANTES and the CXC chemokine gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 in the stomach and/or the small intestine. Importantly, intragastric administration of CpG ODN to mice with an already establishedH. pyloriinfection, in the absence of any coadministered antigen, was found to reduce the bacterial load in the stomach compared to the load inH. pylori-infected control mice, while similar administration of non-CpG ODN had no effect on the bacterial load. The reduction in the bacterial numbers in the stomachs of mice treated with CpG ODN was associated with enhanced infiltration of immune cells and increased RANTES production in the gastric mucosa compared to the infiltration of immune cells and RANTES production inH. pylori-infected control animals. These findings suggest that intragastric administration of CpG ODN without antigen codelivery may represent a valuable strategy for induction of innate immunity againstH. pyloriinfection.
- Published
- 2003