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Objectives: Multiple cytokines have been implicated in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), but tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14 (LIGHT/TNFSF14) and oncostatin-M (OSM) have not been previously explored., Aims of the Study: The primary objective of this study was to examine the relationship between TNFSF14 and OSM levels and survival. Our secondary goal was to investigate a potential association between these markers and the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI)., Materials & Methods: We consecutively recruited 60 patients with a clinical diagnosis of aSAH. LIGHT/TNFSF14 and OSM serum concentrations were determined by ELISA. The primary endpoint was survival at Day 30, while development of DCI was assessed as secondary outcome., Results: Patients had significantly higher levels of both markers than the control group (median of LIGHT: 18.1 pg/ml vs. 7 pg/ml; p = 0.01; median of OSM: 10.3 pg/ml vs. 2.8 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Significantly lower serum level of LIGHT/TNFSF14 was found in nonsurviving patients (n = 9) compared with survivors (n = 51; p = 0.011). Based on ROC analysis, serum LIGHT/TNFSF14 with a cutoff value of >7.95 pg/ml predicted 30-day survival with a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 78% (Area: 0.763; 95% CI: 0.604-0.921, p = 0.013). In addition, it was also a predictor of DCI with a sensitivity of 72.7% and a specificity of 62.5% (AUC: 0.702; 95% CI: 0.555-0.849, p = 0.018). Based on binary logistic regression analysis, LIGHT/TNFSF14 was found to be independently associated with 30-day mortality, but not with DCI., Conclusion: In this cohort, a higher serum level of LIGHT/TNFSF14 was associated with increased survival of patients with aSAH., (© 2021 The Authors. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background and Aims: Regenerating islet-derived protein 3-beta (Reg3β) and oncostatin-M (OSM), an inducer of Reg3β, are important for the recruitment of macrophages, tissue repair and survival after myocardial infarction. The study was planned to elucidate the diagnostic utility of serum Reg3β and OSM levels for the acute coronary syndrome (ACS)., Methods: Forty-two type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with ACS as cases and forty-two T2DM patients as controls were recruited. Routine biochemical investigations, creatine kinase-total (CK-T), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) levels were estimated. Serum Reg3β and OSM levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay., Results: Serum Reg3β and OSM levels were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls. Serum Reg3β and OSM levels were positively correlated with random blood glucose, serum CK-total, CK-MB levels, and negatively correlated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis showed that serum OSM and Reg3β levels can be used for the diagnosis of ACS in patients with T2DM as compared to CK-MB levels. On regression analysis, serum Reg3β level was positively associated with body mass index and negatively with serum HDL-C levels and serum OSM level was positively associated with waist circumference and random blood glucose and negatively with serum HDL-C levels., Conclusion: Serum Reg3β and OSM levels may be used as complementary markers besides traditional cardiac markers for the diagnosis of ACS in patients with T2DM. However, further studies are still needed to verify our claim., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None of the authors have any conflicts of interest related to this article., (Copyright © 2020 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: The aim of the present study is to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and plasma acute-phase cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) levels in patients with different periodontal diseases., Methods: Eighty individuals were included in this study; 20 with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP), 20 with gingivitis, and 20 classified as healthy (H). Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papilla bleeding index were recorded. Plasma and GCF IL-1β, IL-6, IL-11, OSM, and LIF levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay., Results: CP and GAgP groups had significantly higher GCF IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-11 levels when compared with the H group (P <0.05). Conversely, GCF LIF levels of the CP and GAgP groups were lower than those of the H group (P <0.05). GCF OSM levels did not differ significantly among study groups. Plasma levels of all the cytokines studied were not significantly different among the study groups., Conclusions: Based on the present data, elevated IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-11 GCF levels, but not plasma levels, are suggested as reliable inflammatory biomarkers in periodontal diseases. Decreased LIF levels in diseased groups might reflect the possible beneficial effects of LIF in the modulation of inflammatory response in gingiva.

Objective: Periodontitis is considered to be a risk factor for systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, etc., and cytokines play a key role. The present study was carried out to measure the level of serum oncostatin M (OSM) in patients with chronic periodontitis, and to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the serum OSM concentration., Materials and Methods: Sixty subjects were divided into three groups (each group n = 20) based on the gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL): group I healthy; group II gingivitis; and group III chronic periodontitis. Group III patients were followed for 8 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy as the after-treatment group (group IV). Estimation of serum OSM was done using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay., Results: The mean OSM concentrations in serum were highest in the chronic periodontitis group (mean 68.05 pg ml(-1)) and decreased following treatment (39.65 pg ml(-1)) while OSM was undetectable in healthy subjects or in patients with gingivitis., Conclusion: Increased serum OSM concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis and its positive correlation with PPD and CAL, suggest its role as an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease and it may exaggerate other systemic conditions such as atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.