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Biomass energy can alleviate global warming and solve energy depletion, which is increasingly concerned by the world. Due to the different emission reduction benefits and growth potential of different regions and biomass power generation technologies, analyzing the suitability of these technologies combined with regional conditions can more accurately guide the long- and short-term development of biomass power industry. However, there is no comprehensive evaluation of the benefits and potential of several biomass power generation technologies in different regions. Therefore, this paper introduces development suitability indexes and constructs life-cycle environmental impact and time-value economic impact assessment models, and a growth potential dynamic assessment model based on Gaussian process and particle swarm optimization to illustrate the greenhouse gas emission reduction benefits and growth potential of biomass power generation technologies. The empirical research of China shows that biomass gasification and direct combustion power generation can bring the best environmental benefits, and biogas power generation can bring the best economic benefits. For regions with abundant biomass resources and bad air condition, it is more suitable to develop gasification and direct combustion power generation technology, while mixed-combustion and biogas power generation technology are more suitable in regions with high electricity consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The composite fuel of coal gangue and biomass is expected to increase the utilization rate of solid waste and compensate for the disadvantages of separate fuels. However, the NO and SO2 emissions from this composite fuel during the combustion process are a concern, but there are few studies on it. In this paper, corn cobs and wheat straws, typical agricultural biomass discarded in North China, and coal gangue from the mine in Xilingol, China, were selected for co-combustion in a fluidized bed. The emission characteristics of NO and SO2 were studied by changing the ratio of biomass to coal gangue and the combustion temperature. Studies had shown that: to a certain extent, mixing biomass, and coal gangue can reduce the NO and SO2 emissions, and mixing 20% of biomasses had the best effect on NO and SO2 emissions reduction. The SO2 emission reduction effect of wheat straws was better than that of corn cobs, and the NO emission reduction effect of corn cobs was better than that of wheat straws. The NO emissions of wheat straws and corn cobs added to the coal gangue were 6.45% and 7.93% less than those of coal gangue alone. The SO2 emissions of wheat straws and corn cobs added to the coal gangue were 27.45% and 25.94% less than those of coal gangue alone. Both NO and SO2 emissions decreased with the growth of the biomass rate; NO and SO2 emissions increased with the growth of the combustion temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The processing of rice (Oryza sativa L.) generates large quantities of lignocellulosic wastes termed rice husks (RH). Numerous researchers have proposed biomass gasification as the panacea to the waste disposal and management challenges posed by RH. However, a comprehensive analysis of RH gasification is required to examine the research landscape and future directions on the area. The research landscape and global developments on RH gasification from 1995 to 2019 are examined through bibliometric analysis of 228 publications extracted from the Web of Science. Bioresource Technology is considered the most influential journal on the topic, whereas China is the most productive nation due to government policies and research funding. The most productive organization is the Harbin Institute of Technology, which is due to the significant contributions of Zhao YiJun and co-workers. Keyword analysis revealed three crucial research themes: gasification, biomass, and rice husks. The literature revealed that the syngas yield, distribution, and performance of RH gasification are significantly influenced by temperature, equivalence ratio, selected reactor, and gasifying medium. The techno-economic analysis of RH gasification revealed that government interventions such as high sales rates and low investment costs could enhance the commercial viability of the technology. Furthermore, the integration of RH gasification with carbon capture utilization and storage could promote the decarbonization of power plants, negative emissions, and net-zero climate goals. Overall, the paper provides valuable information for future researchers to identify strategic collaborators, journal publications, and research frontiers yet unexplored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass energy as a renewable energy increasingly attracts global attention. An in-depth applied research was made on biomass energy for cooking in China's rural areas in this paper. And a novel biomass semi-gasification technology wasproposed. This technology does not produce tar which causes serious environmental pollution compared with the biomass gasification technology, and has higher efficiency than the biomass direct combustion technology. This technology has a strong theoretical and practical significance in optimizing the rural energy structure, improving the rural ecological environment, and improving the production and living quality of the farmers in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A novel thermochemical method for solar hydrogen production was proposed by state key laboratory of multiphase flow in power engineering (SKLMFPE) of Xi’an Jiaotong University. In this paper, a technical and economic evaluation of the new solar hydrogen production technology was conducted. Firstly, the advantages of this new solar hydrogen production process, compared with other processes, were assessed and thermodynamic analysis of the new process was carried out. The results show that biomass gasification in supercritical water driven by concentrating solar energy may be used to achieve high efficiency solar thermal decomposition of water and biomass for hydrogen production. Secondly, the hydrogen production cost was analyzed using the method of the total annual revenue requirement. The estimated hydrogen production cost was 38.46RMB/kg for the experimental demonstration system with a treatment capacity of 1 ton wet biomass per hour, and it would be decreased to 25.1 RMB/kg if the treatment capacity of wet biomass increased from 1 t/h to 10 t/h. A sensitivity analysis was also performed and influence of parameters on the hydrogen production cost was studied. The results from technical and economic evaluation show that supercritical water gasification of biomass driven by concentrated solar energy is a promising technology for hydrogen production and it is competitive compared to other solar hydrogen production technologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents the investigation of the performance from different biomasses in a fluidized bed gasifier where steam has been used as gasifying as well as fluidizing agent. An experimental setup is fabricated to study the gasification performance of rice husk, which is of special relevance to rice-producing countries like China and India. An equilibrium modeling approach is deployed to predict the gas composition which has been compared with the experimental results. Calibration of the model with appropriate modeling coefficients was necessary to achieve close resemblance with the experimental values. Further, the model is used to predict the gas compositions from other biomass and benchmarked with the performance of coal. In this study, the gasification temperature is varied from 650°C to 800°C, whereas the steam-to-biomass ratio (S/B) is varied from 0.75 to 2.00. As the gasification temperature increases, the production of H2 and CO increases but the generation of CH4 and CO2 reduces. The steam-to-biomass ratio was again found to influence the production rates. With increasing steam input, H2, CO2 and CH4 were found to increase while CO reduces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Because of the needs of sustainable development of the mankind society and natural environment building a renewable energy system is one of the most critical issues that today''s society must address. In the new energy system there is a requirement for a renewable fuel to replace current energy carrier. Hydrogen is an ideal secondary energy. Using solar energy to produce hydrogen in large scale can solve the problems of sustainability, environmental emissions, and energy security and become the focus of the international society in the area of energy science and technology. It has also been set as an important research direction by many international hydrogen programs. The Ministry of Science and Technology of China supported and launched a project of National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) – the Basic Research of Mass Hydrogen Production using Solar Energy in 2003 for R&D in the areas of solar hydrogen production. The current status of solar hydrogen production research is reviewed and some significant results achieved in the project are reported in this paper. The trends of development and the future research directions in the field of solar hydrogen production in China are also briefly discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A new approach for the prediction and optimization of syngas production is proposed. • A numerical model for the study of biomass gasification is established. • Agricultural wastes of northeast China are first reported for gasification study. • The effects of operating conditions and biomass composition on syngas are studied. • The techno-economic analysis of three different agricultural wastes is carried out. Prior information regarding the effects of the operating conditions and biomass composition on the syngas production is critical to predict and optimize the syngas production. Therefore, this paper proposes an effective method to predict and optimize the syngas production by combining a process model and data analysis techniques. Three agricultural waste types from Northeast China and 56 biomasses with different compositions were used as the gasification feedstock to investigate the effects of the operating conditions and biomass composition on the syngas production. A validated Aspen Plus process model was implemented to realize the biomass gasification process and techno-economic analysis. The sensitivity analysis results indicated that a lower temperature (approximately 600 ℃) and lower steam-to-biomass ratio (S/B) (approximately 0.1) were the optimal operating conditions to achieve a higher lower heating value (LHV) of syngas. The introduction of steam changed the relationship between the temperature and LHV of syngas from inverse to direct. Furthermore, the performance comparison of the three agricultural waste based gasification processes indicated that a higher temperature and higher S/B could weaken the effect of the C, H, and O contents on the syngas composition. More importantly, the partial correlation analysis of the 56 sets of simulation results highlighted that a higher content of C and H, C/O and C/H helped enhance the LHV of syngas. The C/O value and C content exhibited the most significant correlations with the LHV of syngas, with correlation coefficients of 0.945 and 0.840, respectively. Correspondingly, these parameters exhibited a reasonable linear response with the LHV of syngas, with R2 values of 0.864 and 0.533, respectively. Finally, the techno-economic analysis indicated that SS is the optimal feedstock for syngas production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]