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Keywords: Biomechanics; spine fracture; cement; PMMA; kyphoplasty EN Biomechanics spine fracture cement PMMA kyphoplasty S494 S496 3 01/29/21 20191002 NES 191002 1. A small punch test technique for characterizing the elastic modulus and fracture behavior of PMMA bone cement used in total joint replacement. [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACT This work presents a novel methodology to generate in vitro burst fracture of spinal segments in conditions closest to trauma. Validation of this new experimental method of burst fracture production is aligned with an original experimental biomechanical analysis method. To pre-select the vertebral level of the burst fracture generation, a slight vertebral body embrittlement is envisaged. Experimental tests were performed on two groups of ovine spinal segments. An Izod impact machine was used to generate burst fracture. In one group of spinal segments, the central vertebra of each specimen was embrittled by holes of 0.8 mm diameter before impact. Both groups of spinal segments (with embrittlement and without embrittlement) were impacted and fractured. X-ray tomography was used to confirm burst fracture morphological characterization for both groups. Furthermore, to follow the mechanical response of each group, strain values were determined during impact by using non-invasive optical methods, and the compression consequences were recorded using a high-speed digital camera in real time. All fractured specimens were found to have the expected burst fracture configuration. Strain measurements allowed us to study the mechanical behaviour of spinal disks and determine the strain value (at least 5%) required to cause a burst fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study of spinal instrumentation systems and its biomechanical behavior. Topics discussed include measurement of range of motion (ROM) between two adjacent vertebrae, the improvement in torsional stiffness, and its importance in providing wear resistance to screws and rods during arthrodesis surgeries.

An abstract of the article "Biomechanical analysis of spinal instrumentation systems dedicated to stabilise thoracolumbar fractures: comparison between standard open surgical instrumentation and percutaneous techniques," by A. Germaneau and colleagues is presented.