1. Structural studies on bovine bioprosthetic tissues and their in vivo calcification: prevention via drug delivery.
- Author
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Chandy T, Mohanty M, John A, Rao SB, Sivakumar R, Sharma CP, and Valiathan MS
- Subjects
- Animals, Bioprosthesis adverse effects, Cattle, Chitin analogs & derivatives, Chitin metabolism, Chitosan, Chlorides, Collagen metabolism, Drug Delivery Systems, Dura Mater drug effects, Dura Mater metabolism, Dura Mater ultrastructure, Fascia Lata drug effects, Fascia Lata metabolism, Fascia Lata ultrastructure, Ferric Compounds metabolism, Glutaral chemistry, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Microspheres, Myofibrils metabolism, Pericardium drug effects, Pericardium metabolism, Pericardium ultrastructure, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Biocompatible Materials metabolism, Bioprosthesis standards, Calcinosis prevention & control, Calcium Phosphates metabolism, Glutaral pharmacology
- Abstract
Cardiovascular calcification, the formation of calcium phosphate deposits in cardiovascular tissue, is a common end-stage phenomenon affecting a wide variety of bioprostheses. To study the process of calcification in tissue prosthetics, glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardium, dura mater and fascialata were implanted subcutaneously in rats and retrieved 21 days later and thereby morphological findings were correlated with biochemically determined levels of calcium. Transmission electron microscopy showed that calcification primarily involved the surface of collagen fibrils and the interfibrillar spaces. The deposition of calcium was higher with dura and fascia prostheses compared to pericardium. However, the release of Fe3+ ions from chitosan matrix had substantially inhibited the deposits of calcium in all implanted tissues. It seems that the structural and anatomical features of the tissue is one of the important factors for tissue-associated calcification. It is also confirmed that glutaraldehyde-preserved pericardium is the most suitable material for the development of cardiac prosthesis, with an appropriate drug combination therapy for prevention of pathological calcification.
- Published
- 1996
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