23 results on '"*ENVIRONMENTAL policy"'
Search Results
2. Sustainable Environmental Protection Technologies : Contaminant Biofiltration, Adsorption and Stabilization
- Author
-
Pranas Baltrėnas, Edita Baltrėnaitė, Pranas Baltrėnas, and Edita Baltrėnaitė
- Subjects
- Microbiology, Environmental engineering, Biotechnology, Bioremediation, Environmental policy, Sociology, Physical geography, Pollution
- Abstract
This book discusses the need for the development of sustainable environmental protection technologies to reduce the impact of environmental contaminants. Three levels of sustainable technologies are addressed. The first level involves the concept of sustainable technologies as natural technologies, or ecotechnologies, whereby contamination level is assessed based on the contamination footprint through the use of biogeochemical barriers (e.g. methods utilizing the bioaccumulation properties of plants). The second level concerns the use of sustainable natural materials, such as biochar, in environmental engineering systems, an approach that is used for analyzing the processes of adsorption and biofiltration, as well as immobilization of contaminants in soil. The third level discusses the optimal components necessary to achieve sustainability in environmental engineering systems, including system operation principles, structural solutions, and the synergies between various system components such as microorganisms. The book will be of interest to specialists of industrial enterprises engaged in environmental protection, as well as environmental system designers, stakeholders from environmental protection ministries and institutions, researchers, doctoral students and masters and bachelors of science in the field of environmental engineering.
- Published
- 2020
3. Sustainability and Life Cycle Assessment in Industrial Biotechnology
- Author
-
Magnus Fröhling, Michael Hiete, Magnus Fröhling, and Michael Hiete
- Subjects
- Chemistry, Technical, Biotechnology, Environmental engineering, Bioremediation, Environmental policy, Sociology, Green chemistry
- Abstract
This book reviews the assessment of industrial biotechnology products and processes from a sustainable perspective. Industrial Biotechnology is a comparably young field which comes along with high expectations with regard to sustainability issues. These stem from the promise of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and replacing fossil resources in the near or later future and using green technology, i.e. more environmentally friendly technologies. The intended economic, ecological and social benefits, however, need to be proven, resulting in a variety of challenges, both from a methodological and application point of view. In this book, specific assessment and application topics of industrial biotechnology are addressed, highlighting challenges and solutions for both developers and users of assessment methods. In twelve chapters, experts in their particular fields define the scope, characterize industrial biotechnology and show in their contributions the state of the art, challenges and prospects of assessing industrial biotechnology products and processes.The chapter'Societal and Ethical Aspects of Industrial Biotechnology'of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
- Published
- 2020
4. Biodiesel from Algae
- Author
-
Avagyan, Armen B., Singh, Bhaskar, Avagyan, Armen B., and Singh, Bhaskar
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. INVESTIGATING THE ISSUE OF POLLUTION IN THE MICRO-SCALE DESIGN OF MEGACITIES: A CASE STUDY OF ENGHELAB STREET, TEHRAN.
- Author
-
MOTAME, Bahareh, FARAHANI, Leila Mahmoudi, and JAMEI, Elmira
- Subjects
MEGALOPOLIS ,BIOREMEDIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,INDUSTRIAL wastes - Abstract
Today there is a growing concern about urbanization and its impact on environmental pollution, which threatens human health and quality of life especially in mega cities. The mega city of Tehran, the capital of Iran, deals with various types of pollution. Although a large body of research has highlighted the significance of study on urban pollution in mega cities, only a few studies have addressed the issue at the micro scale. However, most of the research is restricted to air and noise pollution, whereas visual pollution as an important type of pollution that can be interpreted more deeply on a micro-scale, has been neglected. This study aims to evaluate some of the major issues of environmental pollution in Tehran by focusing on the micro-scale of the street. Therefore, as the central part of Tehran is one of the most affected divisions in the city, Enghelab Street has been selected as the case study for this research. This paper argues that identification and implementation of pollution mitigating strategies in Tehran's master plan is not responsive enough to the whole city. This study of Enghelab Street reveals that policy making strategies for decreasing pollution should be initiated from micro-scale with further emphasis on psychological health. In the future, the lessons learned from the case study of Enghelab will help other major cities in developing countries to combat pollution through initiating from most affected districts in small scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
6. MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF POLLUTION DYNAMICS OF CLEAN ROOMS.
- Author
-
Sineglazov, V. M., Fedosenko, V. N., and Radko, E. N.
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL medicine ,BIOREMEDIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL health - Abstract
It is considered the mathematical models design of clean rooms. It is defined the structure of mathematical models and suggested the algorithm of pollution dynamics modeling on based of finite elements method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The Role of Attached and Free-Living Bacteria in Biodegradation in Karst Aquifers.
- Author
-
Painter, Roger, Byl, Tom, Sharpe, Lonnie, Kheder, Ahmad, and Harris, Justin
- Subjects
BIODEGRADATION ,AQUIFERS ,ORGANIC water pollutants ,POLLUTANTS ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,TOLUENE ,BIOREMEDIATION - Abstract
Natural attenuation of groundwater contamination occurs at some level for all aquifers impacted with organic contaminants. The issues regarding natural attenuation are whether it takes place at a sufficient rate to be protective of human health and the environment. Implementation of a Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) remedial alternative for groundwater requires parties responsible for the contamination to demonstrate to regulators and the public that MNA is protective at a given site. Analysis of MNA for remediation of karst aquifers is hampered by a lack of understanding of biodegradation in karst environments. The lack of studies examining biodegradation in karst aquifers may in large part be due to the widespread perception that contaminants are rapidly flushed out of karst aquifers resulting in insufficient residence times for contaminants to biodegrade. In highly developed and well-connected conduit systems, the rate of contaminant migration is perceived to be much faster than the rate of biodegradation. This perception of contaminant transport is largely incorrect. Tracer studies for karst aquifers often indicate that these aquifers are characterized by diverse flow regimes and storage capabilities. Additionally, it is also believed that if bioremediation in bedrock aquifers is dependent upon contact between surface-attached bacteria and contaminants, then bioremediation would be limited by the low surface-area-to-volume ratio (SA/V) of karst aquifers. A quantitative basis, however, for accepting or rejecting the assumption that attached bacteria dominate the biodegradation process in karst conduits has not been shown. The objective of this research was to determine if free-living karst bacteria from contributed as much to toluene biodegradation as attached bacteria. This is an important area of research. Research indicates bacteria are both attached and free-living in karst aquifers and it is unrealistic to think that only the attached bacteria facilitate biodegradation. The groundwater use in all tests was taken from a karst aquifer know to be impacted by BTEX. The resulting first-order rate constants were computed to be 0.014 per hour for the open system and 0.0155 per hour for the packed reactor system. Biodegradation of toluene in flow-through laboratory karst systems of varying SA/V indicated that the observed biodegradation of toluene was attributable to free-living karst bacteria and not limited by low SA/V in karst. This was evidenced by the fact that the systems with five-fold variation in SA/V were shown to have observed pseudo first order reaction rate constants that differed by only 7.0%. If attached bacteria were primarily responsible for biodegradation and limiting, a proportional difference in the observed rates relative to the difference in surface area would be expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Season variations for metallic elements compositions study in plant Bidenens pilosa L. var. radiate Sch. in central Taiwan.
- Author
-
Yuh-Shen Wu, Guor-Cheng Fang, and Shun-Hisu Lin
- Subjects
POLLUTION ,INDUSTRIAL contamination ,BIOREMEDIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,HAZARDOUS substances ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,POLLUTANTS ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
The possibility of using Bidens pilosa L. var. radiate Sch leaves as environmental indicators of metallic element pollution has been investigated. Samples were analyzed with respect to the following pollutants: Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ca, and Mg by using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The results obtained on the metallic elements had the following average composition order: Ca > Mg > Fe, Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd for plant B. pilosa L. var. radiate Sch. at HK sampling site. In addition, the metallic elements had the following average composition order: Ca > Mg > Fe > Mn, Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd for plant B. pilosa L. var. radiate Sch. at TMP sampling site. Finally, the metallic elements had the following average composition order: Ca > Mg > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd for plant B. pilosa L. var. radiate Sch. at LH sampling site. The seasonal average composition for metallic elements Mg, Fe, and Pb were ranked highest at HK sampling site in winter. In addition, seasonal average composition for metallic elements Mn, Zn, and Cd were ranked highest at TMP sampling site in winter. Finally, seasonal average composition for metallic elements Mg, Fe, and Cu were ranked highest at LH sampling site in spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Feeling Blue in the South Valley: A Case Study of Nitrate Contamination in Albuquerque's South Valley.
- Author
-
Mohr, Beth A.
- Subjects
- *
GROUNDWATER pollution , *BIOREMEDIATION , *WATER pollution , *PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of nitrates , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
This article examines, by way of a case study, a community where groundwater has been highly contaminated with nitrate and how that situation brings together matters of public policy, environmental justice, and emerging technology. The Mountain View community lies in an unincorporated area of Bernalillo County, New Mexico; the neighborhood is 77% Hispanic and is a pocket of poverty whose residents are considered at risk for environmental injustice. Groundwater nitrate contamination was discovered in the 1960s, but residents were merely encouraged to dig deeper wells, until 1984 when most residents were put on nearby municipal water after a child was poisoned and hospitalized with methemoglobinemia, known as blue baby syndrome. In situ biodenitrification is an emerging technology that has been shown to completely remediate groundwater nitrate contamination after the injection of a food source for naturally occurring denitrifying bacteria; this technology is being considered for use in Mountain View. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Bioremediation and biovalorisation of olive-mill wastes.
- Author
-
Morillo, J., Antizar-Ladislao, B., Monteoliva-Sánchez, M., Ramos-Cormenzana, A., and Russell, N.
- Subjects
- *
BIOREMEDIATION , *OLIVE oil mills , *INDUSTRIAL wastes , *BIOTECHNOLOGY , *BIODEGRADATION , *OLIVE oil , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *MICROBIAL biotechnology - Abstract
Olive-mill wastes are produced by the industry of olive oil production, which is a very important economic activity, particularly for Spain, Italy and Greece, leading to a large environmental problem of current concern in the Mediterranean basin. There is as yet no accepted treatment method for all the wastes generated during olive oil production, mainly due to technical and economical limitations but also the scattered nature of olive mills across the Mediterranean basin. The production of virgin olive oil is expanding worldwide, which will lead to even larger amounts of olive-mill waste, unless new treatment and valorisation technologies are devised. These are encouraged by the trend of current environmental policies, which favour protocols that include valorisation of the waste. This makes biological treatments of particular interest. Thus, research into different biodegradation options for olive-mill wastes and the development of new bioremediation technologies and/or strategies, as well as the valorisation of microbial biotechnology, are all currently needed. This review, whilst presenting a general overview, focusses critically on the most significant recent advances in the various types of biological treatments, the bioremediation technology most commonly applied and the valorisation options, which together will form the pillar for future developments within this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Untitled.
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL geochemistry , *ENVIRONMENTAL chemistry , *BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles - Abstract
The article presents abstracts of several studies on environmental geochemistry. Some of the abstracts presented include "Biogeochemical Cycling of Nutrients in Karstic Catchments, Southwestern China: Linkages to Changes of Eco-Environments," by Congqiang Liu and "Emerging Organic Contamination in China," by Guibin Jiang and colleagues.
- Published
- 2006
12. Dispatches.
- Subjects
BIOREMEDIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,PETROLEUM products & the environment ,GASOLINE & the environment - Abstract
The article presents news items on environmental issues. Australian scientists in 2003 have announced a collaborative effort which has been created to develop new bioremediation technologies and involves four universities and several industrial partners. Jeffrey Dukes, an assistant professor of ecology at the University of Massachusetts in Boston, Massachusetts has determined that each time a car uses one gallon of gasoline, 89 metric tons of ancient plant matter are consumed.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Applying NRC Guidelines for Natural Attenuation of MTBE.
- Author
-
Rittmann, Bruce E.
- Subjects
- *
HAZARDOUS waste site remediation , *BUTYL methyl ether , *BIODEGRADATION , *BIOREMEDIATION , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
In August 2000, the National Academy Press released Natural Attenuation for Groundwater Remediation, the report of a National Research Council (NRC) committee asked to provide guidance on when and how natural attenuation should be applied to remediate groundwater and soft contamination. Concerning MTBE, the NRC stated that MTBE is generally resistant to biodegradation, but recent evidence suggests that MTBE biodegradation is possible, although it may be slow or incomplete. The NRC report concluded that the likelihood for successful natural attenuation of MTBE is low. Natural Attenuation for Groundwater Remediation also outlined the necessary steps for evaluating whether natural attenuation is working and can be accepted at a site. The cornerstone of the evaluation is establishing a cause-and-eft fect relationship between the loss of the contaminant and the natural attenuation process responsible for that loss. The key to cause and effect is the practical concept of "footprints", the observable consumptions or productions of other materials in the responsible natural attenuation process. This manuscript evaluates more recent information on MTBE biodegradation in light of the conceptual framework laid out by the NRC. In particular, it describes the key footprints needed to establish cause and effect for MTBE biodegradation and updates the guidance on the likelihood of success for natural attenuation of MTBE. In summary, the scientific basis is expanding steadily, but the likelihood of success remains low in a general sense, because strongly aerobic conditions seem to be needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Biological Treatment of Hazardous Wastes.
- Author
-
Glass, David J.
- Subjects
- *
HAZARDOUS wastes , *BIOREMEDIATION , *WASTE management , *HAZARDOUS waste sites , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
Highlights the development of technology for treating hazardous waste in the U.S. Political and regulatory pressures to hazardous waste management; Land ban regulations that restrict the disposal of hazardous waste at landfills; Strategies for waste stabilization and bioremediation; Environmental policies.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries: Evidence from Indonesia.
- Author
-
Pargal, Sheoli and Wheeler, David
- Subjects
POLLUTION ,WATER pollution ,BIOREMEDIATION ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,ENVIRONMENTAL health ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality - Abstract
When formal regulation is weak or absent, communities often use other channels to induce pollution abatement by local factories in a process of "informal regulation." The resulting "pollution equilibrium" reflects the relative bargaining power of the community and the plant. This note uses Indonesian data from 1989-90 on plantlevel organic water pollution to test the informal regulation hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Water contamination by endocrine disruptors: Impacts, microbiological aspects and trends for environmental protection
- Author
-
Caren L. S. Vilela, Raquel S. Peixoto, and João Paulo Bassin
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Estrone ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Water contamination ,010501 environmental sciences ,Endocrine Disruptors ,Wastewater ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bioremediation ,Estradiol Congeners ,Animals ,Humans ,Environmental planning ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Pollution ,Estrogens ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Environmental Policy ,030104 developmental biology ,Biodegradation, Environmental ,Biological filter ,Environmental science ,Water Microbiology ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Environmental Monitoring - Abstract
Hormone active agents constitute a dangerous class of pollutants. Among them, those agents that mimic the action of estrogens on target cells and are part of the group of endocrine-disruptor compounds (EDCs) are termed estrogenic EDCs, the main focus of this review. Exposure to these compounds causes a number of negative effects, including breast cancer, infertility and animal hermaphroditism. However, especially in underdeveloped countries, limited efforts have been made to warn people about this serious issue, explain the methods of minimizing exposure, and develop feasible and efficient mitigation strategies at different levels and in various environments. For instance, the use of bioremediation processes capable of transforming EDCs into environmentally friendly compounds has been little explored. A wide diversity of estrogen-degrading microorganisms could be used to develop such technologies, which include bioremediation processes for EDCs that could be implemented in biological filters for the post-treatment of wastewater effluent. This review describes problems associated with EDCs, primarily estrogenic EDCs, including exposure as well as the present status of understanding and the effects of natural and synthetic hormones and estrogenic EDCs on living organisms. We also describe potential biotechnological strategies for EDC biodegradation, and suggest novel treatment approaches for minimizing the persistence of EDCs in the environment.
- Published
- 2017
17. Success on Substance, Deadlock on Procedure.
- Author
-
Depledge, Joanna
- Subjects
- *
INTERORGANIZATIONAL relations , *ORGANIZATION , *INTERNATIONAL relations , *CLIMATE change , *CARBON dioxide , *GREENHOUSE gases , *BIOREMEDIATION , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
The article reports on the proceedings of the 24th session of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in Montreal, Quebec that took place from 26 to 28 September 2005. This presents a discussion of the "Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage". Other issues were also discussed and these are with regard to a secretariat proposal setting out a policy and process for admitting observer organizations and the finalization of the draft of an updated set of guidelines for the preparation of national greenhouse gas inventories in 2006.
- Published
- 2005
18. Our Swedish Ways.
- Author
-
Montgomery, Nicholas
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE development , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *POLLUTION prevention , *BIOREMEDIATION , *WASTE recycling , *CONSERVATION of natural resources , *INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The article reports on Australia's adaptation of the Swedish-style sustainable city. The country is adopting a four-level scale system for energy, waste, water and transport infrastructure to help reduce pollution. The densification of Australian cities has already had a clear success. The use of the technology such as solar technology, waste recycling, cross-flow ventilation and green roofs greatly improved the living conditions in the country. The city-dwellers are beginning to appreciate design spin-offs from the Swedish-Australian partnership.
- Published
- 2005
19. Removal of oil from shorelines: biodegradation and bioremediation
- Author
-
Ronald M. Atlas and James R. Bragg
- Subjects
Bioremediation ,Waste management ,Asphalt ,Residual oil ,Environmental science ,Environmental policy ,Biodegradation ,Water in oil emulsion ,Pulp and paper industry ,Laboratory testing - Published
- 2013
20. STRATEGIC STUDY ON ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION IN THE ROMANIAN PETROLEUM EXTRACTION INDUSTRY.
- Author
-
BUZOIANU, Daniela
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *ENVIRONMENTAL sciences , *POLLUTION , *WATER pollution , *SOILS , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *BIOREMEDIATION , *BUSINESS & the environment , *WATER quality - Abstract
The paper presents a series of aspects related to environment protection in the Romanian oil extraction industry. The main causes of pollution are highlighted, specifying air, soil and Water pollution. in the end, the author proposes a remedy plan meant to reduce and prevent pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
21. Remediation at the Millennium.
- Author
-
Edwards, Jerome and Jones, Geoffrey
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *SOIL vapor extraction , *ENVIRONMENTAL engineering , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *IN situ remediation , *SOIL aeration , *BIOREMEDIATION , *PHYTOREMEDIATION , *POLLUTION control industry - Abstract
Discusses the evolution of the processes involved in environmental site remediation since the 1970s. Consideration of how stakeholders have an increased knowledge of contaminant behaviors and hazards; Adaptation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) accelerated remediation concepts; Requirements for the treatment, storage, and disposal of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA); Removal of volatile organics during in situ soil venting; Process of phytoremediation. INSET: Removing the Surprise Factor.
- Published
- 1999
22. NEXT STEPS IN REGULATING CONTAMINATION AT BOTANY, NSW.
- Subjects
- *
HAZARDOUS waste site remediation , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *BIOREMEDIATION , *GROUNDWATER , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
Discusses the steps taken by the New South Wales Environmental Protection Agency to protect Botany Bay and local landholders whose properties have been affected by contaminated groundwater stemming from the Orica site. Plan to declare commercial properties and public land as remediation site; Identification of Orica as a polluter.
- Published
- 2004
23. House chair nixes shifting funds for Brookhaven cleanup.
- Author
-
Johnson, Jeff
- Subjects
- *
BIOREMEDIATION , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy , *PUBLIC spending - Abstract
Reports on US House Science Committee Chairman F. James Sensenbrenner's blockage of a US Department of Energy (DOE) plan to shift funds from other DOE research programs to held fund cleanup of environmental contamination at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York. Sensenbrenner's warnings about the effect of DOE's plan to reprogram funds; Implication of Sensenbrenner's move for the laboratory.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.