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This paper presents three devices of biosensors for glucose concentrations. A resonator based on the defected ground structure (DGS) was designed and the optimizations for the single square and both squares of the DGS via adaptive genetic algorithm were applied to enhance the performance of the sensors including the Q‐factor and the electric field distribution. The fabricated devices of the best optimized one exhibited an enhanced Q‐factor of 442 and a sensitivity of 142.2 MHz/mgml−1, which is more than 2.37 times than the basic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]