Search

Abstract Objective This study aims to investigate the biocompatibility and pharmacokinetic characteristics of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-modified selenium nanoparticles (PVP-Se NPs). Understanding the biosafety of PVP-Se NPs is crucial due to their potential applications in mitigating oxidative stress-related diseases and improving drug delivery systems. Methods Selenium nanoparticles were prepared using a sodium selenite solution, followed by PVP modification. Particle size analysis was conducted using dynamic light scattering (DLS), and particle morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different concentrations of PVP-Se NPs were intraperitoneally injected into SD rats, and the survival rate was observed. Liver and kidney tissues, urine, feces, and blood samples were collected at the highest safe dose, and the concentration of selenium ions was measured. Results The average particle size of PVP-Se NPs was 278.4 ± 124.8 nm, exhibiting a semi-spherical shape. The maximum safe dose of PVP-Se NPs for intraperitoneal injection in rats was approximately 320 µg/kg. At this dose, the content of PVP-Se NPs significantly increased in the liver and kidney tissues from day 1 to day 3, in urine and feces during the first 8 h, and in blood during the first 2 h, followed by a gradual decrease. Conclusion When administered at a safe dose, PVP-Se NPs do not damage liver and kidney tissues and can be eliminated from the body through liver and kidney metabolism without accumulation.

ObjectivePolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a commonly used biomedical polymer material with good water solubility, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and low toxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant mechanism and clinical potential of PVP modified selenium nanoparticles (PVP-Se NPs) as a new radioprotective agent.MethodsA laser particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize PVP-Se nanoparticles prepared by chemical reduction. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to evaluate the radiation protective effects of PVP-Se NPs. SD rats were employed as an in vivo model to identify the most effective concentration of PVP-Se NPs and assess their potential radioprotective properties. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling proteins in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat liver and kidney tissues.ResultsPVP-Se NPs could reduce the oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response caused by X-ray irradiation in HUVECs and rats, and inhibit cell apoptosis by modulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. PVP-Se NPs could increase HUVECs viability, reduce apoptosis, inhibit inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, improve the survival rate of rats, promote antioxidant enzyme activities in cells and rats, reduce malondialdehyde concentration in serum, and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in cell supernatant and liver and kidney tissues. PVP-Se NPs could significantly reduce the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and MAPK pathway-associated proteins in HUVECs and rat liver and kidney tissues (p < 0.05).ConclusionPVP-Se NPs can protect against radiation-induced oxidative damage by modulating NF-kB and MAPK pathways, providing a theoretical basis and experimental data for their use as an effective radioprotective agent.

Osteoarthritis (OA) has become a serious problem to the human society for years due to its high economic burden, disability, pain, and severe impact on the patient’s lifestyle. The importance of current clinical imaging modalities in the assessment of the onset and progression of OA is well recognized by clinicians, but these modalities can only detect OA in the II stage with significant structural deterioration and clinical symptoms. Blood vessel formation induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) occurs in the early stage and throughout the entire course of OA, enables VEGF relating gene sequence to act as a biomarker in the field of early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Here in, a facile rapid detection of VEGF relating ssDNA sequence was developed, in which manganese-based zeolitic imidazolate framework nanoparticles (Mn-ZIF-NPs) were synthesized by a simple coprecipitation strategy, followed by the introduction and surficial absorption of probe ssDNAs and the CRISPR/Cas12a system components. Furthermore, fluorescence experiments demonstrated that the biosensor displayed a low detection limit of 2.49 nM, a good linear response to the target ssDNA ranging from 10 nM to 500 nM, and the ability of distinguishing single nucleotide polymorphism. This finding opens a new window for the feasible and rapid detection of ssDNA molecules for the early diagnose of OA.