1. Classification of barley U-box E3 ligases and their expression patterns in response to drought and pathogen stresses.
- Author
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Ryu, Moon Young, Cho, Seok Keun, Hong, Yourae, Kim, Jinho, Kim, Jong Hum, Kim, Gu Min, Chen, Yan-Jun, Knoch, Eva, Møller, Birger Lindberg, Kim, Woo Taek, Lyngkjær, Michael Foged, and Yang, Seong Wook
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UBIQUITIN ligases , *PROTEASOME genetics , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms , *LIGASES , *ABIOTIC stress - Abstract
Background: Controlled turnover of proteins as mediated by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is an important element in plant defense against environmental and pathogen stresses. E3 ligases play a central role in subjecting proteins to hydrolysis by the UPS. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a specific class of E3 ligases termed the U-box ligases are directly associated with the defense mechanisms against abiotic and biotic stresses in several plants. However, no studies on U-box E3 ligases have been performed in one of the important staple crops, barley. Results: In this study, we identified 67 putative U-box E3 ligases from the barley genome and expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similar to Arabidopsis and rice U-box E3 ligases, most of barley U-box E3 ligases possess evolutionary well-conserved domain organizations. Based on the domain compositions and arrangements, the barley U-box proteins were classified into eight different classes. Along with this new classification, we refined the previously reported classifications of U-box E3 ligase genes in Arabidopsis and rice. Furthermore, we investigated the expression profile of 67 U-box E3 ligase genes in response to drought stress and pathogen infection. We observed that many U-box E3 ligase genes were specifically up-and-down regulated by drought stress or by fungal infection, implying their possible roles of some U-box E3 ligase genes in the stress responses. Conclusion: This study reports the classification of U-box E3 ligases in barley and their expression profiles against drought stress and pathogen infection. Therefore, the classification and expression profiling of barley U-box genes can be used as a platform to functionally define the stress-related E3 ligases in barley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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