13 results on '"Takalo, L. O."'
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2. Multiwavelength study of quiescent states of MRK 421 with unprecedented hard x-ray coverage provided by NuSTAR in 2013
- Author
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Baloković, M., Paneque, D., Madejski, G., Furniss, A., Chiang, J., the NuSTAR team, Ajello, M., Alexander, D. M., Barret, D., Blandford, R., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Giommi, P., Grefenstette, B. W., Hailey, C. J., Harrison, F. A., Hornstrup, A., Kitaguchi, T., Koglin, J. E., Madsen, K. K., Mao, P. H., Miyasaka, H., Mori, K., Perri, M., Pivovaroff, M. J., Simonetta Puccetti, Rana, V., Stern, D., Tagliaferri, G., Urry, C. M., Westergaard, N. J., Zhang, W. W., Zoglauer, A., Veritas, The Collaboration, Archambault, S., Archer, A. A., Barnacka, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortson, L., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Huetten, M., Haakansson, N., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Nelson, T., Nieto, D., Ong, R. A., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Todd, N. W., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Vincent, S., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Magic, The Collaboration, Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres Almeida, U., Barrio, J., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., Angelis, A., Lotto, B., Oña Wilhelmi, E. D., Delgado Mendez, C., Di Pierro, F., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fernández-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Garrido Terrats, D., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Eisenacher, D., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López, M., López-Coto, R., López-Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas-Rosillo, M., Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, S., Palatiello, M., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes-Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rodriguez Garcia, J., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L. O., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Collaborators, External, Perkins, J., Verrecchia, F., Leto, C., Böttcher, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Acosta-Pulido, J. A., Bachev, R., Berdyugin, A., Blinov, D. A., Carnerero, M. I., Chen, W. P., Chinchilla, P., Damljanovic, G., Eswaraiah, C., Grishina, T. S., Ibryamov, S., Jordan, B., Jorstad, S. G., Joshi, M., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Larionov, V. M., Latev, G., Lin, H. C., Marscher, A. P., Mokrushina, A. A., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Strigachev, A., Troitskaya, Yu V., Troitsky, I. S., Vince, O., Barnes, J., Güver, T., Moody, J. W., Sadun, A. C., Sun, S., Hovatta, T., Richards, J. L., Max-Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C., Lähteenmäki, A., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Ramakrishnan, V., Reinthal, R., Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Myserlis, I., Karamanavis, V., Sievers, A., Ungerechts, H., Zensus, J. A., Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Radio Science and Engineering, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Glawion , D., ~, Baloković, M., Paneque, D., Madejski, G., Furniss, A., Chiang, J., Ajello, M., Alexander, D. M., Barret, D., Blandford, R. D., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Giommi, P., Grefenstette, B., Hailey, C., Harrison, F. A., Hornstrup, A., Kitaguchi, T., Koglin, J. E., Madsen, K. K., Mao, P. H., Miyasaka, H., Mori, K., Perri, M., Pivovaroff, M. J., Puccetti, S., Rana, V., Stern, D., Tagliaferri, G., Urry, C. M., Westergaard, N. J., Zhang, W. W., Zoglauer, A., Archambault, S., Archer, A., Barnacka, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cerruti, M., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., Eisch, J. D., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J. P., Fleischhack, H., Fortson, L., Griffin, S., Griffiths, S. T., Grube, J., Gyuk, G., Huetten, M., Håkansson, N., Holder, J., Humensky, T. B., Johnson, C. A., Kaaret, P., Kertzman, M., Khassen, Y., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Meagher, K., Moriarty, P., Nelson, T., Nieto, D., Ong, R. A., Park, N., Pohl, M., Popkow, A., Pueschel, E., Reynolds, P. T., Richards, G. T., Roache, E., Santander, M., Sembroski, G. H., Shahinyan, K., Smith, A. W., Staszak, D., Telezhinsky, I., Todd, N. W., Tucci, J. V., Tyler, J., Vincent, S., Weinstein, A., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D. A., Zitzer, B., Ahnen, M. L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Babic, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., De Almeida, U. Barre, Barrio, J. A., González, J. Becerra, Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Biasuzzi, B., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bonnefoy, S., Bonnoli, G., Borracci, F., Bretz, T., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Chatterjee, A., Clavero, R., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., De Ońa Wilhelmi, E., Mendez, C. Delgado, Di Pierro, F., Prester, D. Domini, Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fernández Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Frantzen, K., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., López, R. J. García, Garczarczyk, M., Terrats, D. Garrido, Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Glawion, D., Godinović, N., González Muñoz, A., Guberman, D., Hahn, A., Hanabata, Y., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Hughes, G., Idec, W., Kodani, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, Francesco, López, M., López Coto, R., López Oramas, A., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Mallot, K., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Marcote, B., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Menzel, U., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moretti, E., Nakajima, D., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Rosillo, M. Nieva, Nilsson, K., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Orito, R., Overkemping, A., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Palatiello, Michele, Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Paredes Fortuny, X., Persic, M., Poutanen, J., Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E., Puljak, I., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Garcia, J. Rodriguez, Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shore, S. N., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Snidaric, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Steinbring, T., Strzys, M., Takalo, L., Takami, H., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Thaele, J., Torres, D. F., Toyama, T., Treves, A., Verguilov, V., Vovk, I., Ward, J. E., Will, M., Wu, M. H., Zanin, R., Perkins, J., Verrecchia, F., Leto, C., Böttcher, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Acosta Pulido, J. A., Bachev, R., Berdyugin, A., Blinov, D. A., Carnerero, M. I., Chen, W. P., Chinchilla, P., Damljanovic, G., Eswaraiah, C., Grishina, T. S., Ibryamov, S., Jordan, B., Jorstad, S. G., Joshi, M., Kopatskaya, E. N., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Larionov, V. M., Latev, G., Lin, H. C., Marscher, A. P., Mokrushina, A. A., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Semkov, E., Smith, P. S., Strigachev, A., Troitskaya, Y. u. V., Troitsky, I. S., Vince, O., Barnes, J., Güver, T., Moody, J. W., Sadun, A. C., Sun, S., Hovatta, T., Richards, J. L., Max Moerbeck, W., Readhead, A. C. R., Lähteenmäki, A., Tornikoski, M., Tammi, J., Ramakrishnan, V., Reinthal, R., Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Myserlis, I., Karamanavis, V., Sievers, A., Ungerechts, H., and Zensus, J. A.
- Subjects
galaxie [X-rays] ,Photon ,PARTICLE-ACCELERATION ,ELECTRON ACCELERATION ,BACKGROUND-RADIATION ,Astrophysics ,Electron ,Nonthermal ,BL Lacertae objects: individual (Markarian 421) ,galaxies: active ,gamma rays: general ,radiation mechanisms: nonthermal ,X-rays: galaxies ,01 natural sciences ,individual: Markarian 421 [BL Lacertae objects] ,LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE ,individual (Markarian 421) [BL Lacertae objects] ,law.invention ,Raigs gamma ,law ,MAGNETIC RECONNECTION ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Large area telescope ,TEV BLAZARS ,gamma ,rays: general ,ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ,BL LACERTAE OBJECTS ,LAC OBJECTS ,CORRELATED VARIABILITY ,Synchrotron ,galaxies [X-rays] ,Spectral energy distribution ,Degree of polarization ,Electrónica ,Física nuclear ,Raigs X ,Electricidad ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,BL Lac object ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Space and Planetary Science ,active [Galaxies] ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Particle acceleration ,general [Gamma rays] ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Photon energy ,0103 physical sciences ,X-rays ,Radiation mechanisms ,BL Lacertae objects ,individual ,Markarian 421 ,galaxies ,active ,gamma rays ,general ,radiation mechanisms ,nonthermal ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Gamma rays ,Astronomy and Astrophysic ,nonthermal [Radiation mechanisms] ,Light curve ,Galaxies ,Galàxies ,Background radiation ,ddc:520 - Abstract
The astrophysical journal 819(2), 156 (2016). doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/156, We present coordinated multiwavelength observations of the bright, nearby BL Lacertae object Mrk 421 taken in 2013 January–March, involving GASP-WEBT, Swift, NuSTAR, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, VERITAS, and other collaborations and instruments, providing data from radio to very high energy (VHE) γ-ray bands. NuSTAR yielded previously unattainable sensitivity in the 3–79 keV range, revealing that the spectrum softens when the source is dimmer until the X-ray spectral shape saturates into a steep ${\rm{\Gamma }}\approx 3$ power law, with no evidence for an exponential cutoff or additional hard components up to ~80 keV. For the first time, we observed both the synchrotron and the inverse-Compton peaks of the spectral energy distribution (SED) simultaneously shifted to frequencies below the typical quiescent state by an order of magnitude. The fractional variability as a function of photon energy shows a double-bump structure that relates to the two bumps of the broadband SED. In each bump, the variability increases with energy, which, in the framework of the synchrotron self-Compton model, implies that the electrons with higher energies are more variable. The measured multi band variability, the significant X-ray-to-VHE correlation down to some of the lowest fluxes ever observed in both bands, the lack of correlation between optical/UV and X-ray flux, the low degree of polarization and its significant (random) variations, the short estimated electron cooling time, and the significantly longer variability timescale observed in the NuSTAR light curves point toward in situ electron acceleration and suggest that there are multiple compact regions contributing to the broadband emission of Mrk 421 during low-activity states., Published by Univ.11032, Chicago, Ill. [u.a.]
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- 2016
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3. Multi-wavelength Observations of the Flaring Gamma-ray Blazar 3C 66A in 2008 October
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Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bonamente, Emanuele, Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, Claudia, Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., Palma, F. d., Digel, S. W., Couto, E. d., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Itoh, R., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Naumann Godo, M., Nestoras, I., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reyes, L. C., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, Gino, Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Christiansen, J. L., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., I. d., La, Dickherber, R., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lebohec, S., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. D., Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Gurwell, M. A., Larionov, V. M., Kurtanidze, O. M., Aller, M. F., Lähteenmäki, A., Chen, W. P., Berduygin, A., Agudo, I., Aller, H. D., Arkharov, A. A., Bach, U., Bachev, R., Beltrame, P., Benítez, E., Buemi, C. S., Dashti, J., Calcidese, P., Capezzali, D., Carosati, D., Rio, D. D., Paola, A. D., Diltz, C., Dolci, M., Dultzin, D., Forné, E., Gómez, J. L., Hagen Thorn, V. A., Halkola, A., Heidt, J., Hiriart, D., Hovatta, T., Hsiao, H., Jorstad, S. G., Kimeridze, G. N., Konstantinova, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Leto, P., Ligustri, R., Lindfors, E., Lopez, J. M., Marscher, A. P., Mommert, M., Mujica, R., Nikolashvili, M. G., Nilsson, K., Palma, N., Pasanen, M., Roca Sogorb, M., Ros, J. A., Roustazadeh, P., Sadun, A. C., Saino, J., Sigua, L. A., Sillanää, A., Sorcia, M., Takalo, L. O., Tornikoski, M., Trigilio, C., Turchetti, R., Umana, G., Belloni, T., Blake, C. H., Bloom, J. S., Angelakis, E., Fumagalli, M., Hauser, M., Prochaska, J. X., Riquelme, D., Sievers, A., Starr, D. L., Tagliaferri, G., Ungerechts, H., Wagner, S., Zensus, J. A., Collaboration, F. L., Collaboration, V., Consortium, G., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Fermi-LAT, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Costamante, L., Cutini, S., Davis, D. S., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Digel, S. W., do Couto, e. Silva E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giommi, P., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Grove, J. E., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hadasch, D., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Itoh, R., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, T. J., Johnson, W. N., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Makeev, A., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Nakamori, T., Naumann Godo, M., Nestoras, I., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Ozaki, M., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reyes, L. C., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Romani, R. W., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Shaw, M. S., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Strickman, M. S., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Ziegler, M., Acciari, V. A., Aliu, E., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Böttcher, M., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cannon, A., Cesarini, A., Christiansen, J. L., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., de la Calle Perez, I., Dickherber, R., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Imran, A., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Lebohec, S., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R. A., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk G., Demet, Smith, A. W., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vassiliev, V. V., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wissel, S., Wood, M., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Gurwell, M. A., Larionov, V. M., Kurtanidze, O. M., Aller, M. F., Lähteenmäki, A., Chen, W. P., Berduygin, A., Agudo, I., Aller, H. D., Arkharov, A. A., Bach, U., Bachev, R., Beltrame, P., Benítez, E., Buemi, C. S., Dashti, J., Calcidese, P., Capezzali, D., Carosati, D., Da Rio, D., Di Paola, A., Diltz, C., Dolci, M., Dultzin, D., Forné, E., Gómez, J. L., Hagen Thorn, V. A., Halkola, A., Heidt, J., Hiriart, D., Hovatta, T., Hsiao, H. Y., Jorstad, S. G., Kimeridze, G. N., Konstantinova, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Leto, P., Ligustri, R., Lindfors, E., Lopez, J. M., Marscher, A. P., Mommert, M., Mujica, R., Nikolashvili, M. G., Nilsson, K., Palma, N., Pasanen, M., Roca Sogorb, M., Ros, J. A., Roustazadeh, P., Sadun, A. C., Saino, J., Sigua, L. A., Sillanää, A., Sorcia, M., Takalo, L. O., Tornikoski, M., Trigilio, C., Turchetti, R., Umana, G., Belloni, T., Blake, C. H., Bloom, J. S., Angelakis, E., Fumagalli, M., Hauser, M., Prochaska, J. X., Riquelme, D., Sievers, A., Starr, D. L., Tagliaferri, G., Ungerechts, H., Wagner, S., Zensus, J. A., Abdo, A, Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Bechtol, K, Bellazzini, R, Berenji, B, Blandford, R, Bonamente, E, Borgland, A, Bouvier, A, Bregeon, J, Brez, A, Brigida, M, Bruel, P, Buehler, R, Buson, S, Caliandro, G, Cameron, R, Caraveo, P, Carrigan, S, Casandjian, J, Cavazzuti, E, Cecchi, C, Celik, O, Charles, E, Chekhtman, A, Cheung, C, Chiang, J, Ciprini, S, Claus, R, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Conrad, J, Costamante, L, Cutini, S, Davis, D, Dermer, C, De Palma, F, Digel, S, Do Couto E Silva, E, Drell, P, Dubois, R, Dumora, D, Favuzzi, C, Fegan, S, Fortin, P, Frailis, M, Fuhrmann, L, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Gehrels, N, Germani, S, Giglietto, N, Giommi, P, Giordano, F, Giroletti, M, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, G, Grenier, I, Grove, J, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Hadasch, D, Hayashida, M, Hays, E, Horan, D, Hughes, R, Itoh, R, Johannesson, G, Johnson, A, Johnson, T, Johnson, W, Kamae, T, Katagiri, H, Kataoka, J, Knodlseder, J, Kuss, M, Lande, J, Latronico, L, Lee, S, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lott, B, Lovellette, M, Lubrano, P, Makeev, A, Mazziotta, M, Mcenery, J, Mehault, J, Michelson, P, Mizuno, T, Moiseev, A, Monte, C, Monzani, M, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, I, Murgia, S, Nakamori, T, Naumann-Godo, M, Nestoras, I, Nolan, P, Norris, J, Nuss, E, Ohsugi, T, Okumura, A, Omodei, N, Orlando, E, Ormes, J, Ozaki, M, Paneque, D, Panetta, J, Parent, D, Pelassa, V, Pepe, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Piron, F, Porter, T, Raino, S, Rando, R, Razzano, M, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reyes, L, Ripken, J, Ritz, S, Romani, R, Roth, M, Sadrozinski, H, Sanchez, D, Sander, A, Scargle, J, Sgro, C, Shaw, M, Smith, P, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Strickman, M, Suson, D, Takahashi, H, Tanaka, T, Thayer, J, Thompson, D, Tibaldo, L, Torres, D, Tosti, G, Tramacere, A, Usher, T, Vandenbroucke, J, Vasileiou, V, Vilchez, N, Vitale, V, Waite, A, Wang, P, Winer, B, Wood, K, Yang, Z, Ylinen, T, Ziegler, M, Acciari, V, Aliu, E, Arlen, T, Aune, T, Beilicke, M, Benbow, W, Bottcher, M, Boltuch, D, Bradbury, S, Buckley, J, Bugaev, V, Byrum, K, Cannon, A, Cesarini, A, Christiansen, J, Ciupik, L, Cui, W, De La Calle Perez, I, Dickherber, R, Errando, M, Falcone, A, Finley, J, Finnegan, G, Fortson, L, Furniss, A, Galante, N, Gall, D, Gillanders, G, Godambe, S, Grube, J, Guenette, R, Gyuk, G, Hanna, D, Holder, J, Hui, C, Humensky, T, Imran, A, Kaaret, P, Karlsson, N, Kertzman, M, Kieda, D, Konopelko, A, Krawczynski, H, Krennrich, F, Lang, M, Lebohec, S, Maier, G, Mcarthur, S, Mccann, A, Mccutcheon, M, Moriarty, P, Mukherjee, R, Ong, R, Otte, A, Pandel, D, Perkins, J, Pichel, A, Pohl, M, Quinn, J, Ragan, K, Reynolds, P, Roache, E, Rose, H, Schroedter, M, Sembroski, G, Senturk, G, Smith, A, Steele, D, Swordy, S, Tesic, G, Theiling, M, Thibadeau, S, Varlotta, A, Vassiliev, V, Vincent, S, Wakely, S, Ward, J, Weekes, T, Weinstein, A, Weisgarber, T, Williams, D, Wissel, S, Wood, M, Villata, M, Raiteri, C, Gurwell, M, Larionov, V, Kurtanidze, O, Aller, M, Lahteenmaki, A, Chen, W, Berduygin, A, Agudo, I, Aller, H, Arkharov, A, Bach, U, Bachev, R, Beltrame, P, Benitez, E, Buemi, C, Dashti, J, Calcidese, P, Capezzali, D, Carosati, D, Da Rio, D, Di Paola, A, Diltz, C, Dolci, M, Dultzin, D, Forne, E, Gomez, J, Hagen-Thorn, V, Halkola, A, Heidt, J, Hiriart, D, Hovatta, T, Hsiao, H, Jorstad, S, Kimeridze, G, Konstantinova, T, Kopatskaya, E, Koptelova, E, Leto, P, Ligustri, R, Lindfors, E, Lopez, J, Marscher, A, Mommert, M, Mujica, R, Nikolashvili, M, Nilsson, K, Palma, N, Pasanen, M, Roca-Sogorb, M, Ros, J, Roustazadeh, P, Sadun, A, Saino, J, Sigua, L, Sillanaa, A, Sorcia, M, Takalo, L, Tornikoski, M, Trigilio, C, Turchetti, R, Umana, G, Belloni, T, Blake, C, Bloom, J, Angelakis, E, Fumagalli, M, Hauser, M, Prochaska, J, Riquelme, D, Sievers, A, Starr, D, Tagliaferri, G, Ungerechts, H, Wagner, S, Zensus, J, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
individual: 3C 66A [BL Lacertae objects] ,Ciencias Físicas ,spectral energy-distribution ,Astrophysics ,BL Lacertae objects: individual (3C 66A) ,bright blazars ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https] ,bl lacertae objects ,Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi ,law ,Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Physics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,radio-sources ,[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,epoch vlbi survey ,95.45.+i, 96.60.qe,95.55.Ka ,Gamma ray ,veritas observations ,large-area telescope ,Wavelength ,Gamma rays: galaxie ,active [galaxies] ,galaxies [gamma rays] ,Spectral energy distribution ,BL Lacertae objects: individual: 3C 66A ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS ,BL Lac object ,individual (3C 66A) [BL Lacertae objects] ,[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,galaxies: active ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Telescope ,0103 physical sciences ,gamma rays: galaxies ,Blazar ,tev blazars ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Scattering ,background-radiation ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https] ,Astronomía ,Space and Planetary Science ,active galactic nuclei ,ddc:520 ,Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope - Abstract
著者人数:328名, Accepted: 2010-10-29, 資料番号: SA1002650000
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- 2011
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4. Gamma-ray and optical oscillations of 0716+714, MRK421, and BL Lacertae.
- Author
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Sandrinelli, A., Covino, S., Treves, A., Lindfors, E., Raiteri, C. M., Nilsson, K., Takalo, L. O., Reinthal, R., Berdyugin, A., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Kadenius, V., Tuominen, T., Kehusmaa, P., Bachev, R., and Strigachev, A.
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BL Lacertae objects ,STELLAR oscillations ,LIGHT curves ,GAMMA rays ,RADIO jets (Astrophysics) - Abstract
We examine the 2008-2016 γ-ray and optical light curves of three bright BL Lac objects, 0716+714, MRK421, BL Lac, which exhibit large structured variability. We searched for periodicities by using a fully Bayesian approach. For two out of three sources investigated, no significant periodic variability was found. In the case of BL Lac, we detected a periodicity of ~680 days. Although the signal related to this is modest, the coincidence of the periods in both gamma and optical bands is indicative of a physical relevance. Taking into consideration previous literature results, possibly related γ-ray and optical periodicities of about one year time scale are proposed in four bright γ-ray blazars out of the ten examined in detail. Compared with results from periodicity search of optical archives of quasars, the presence of quasi-periodicities in blazars may be more frequent by a large factor. This suggests the intriguing possibility that the basic conditions for their observability are related to the relativistic jet in the observer direction, but the overall picture remains uncertain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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5. Color variability of the blazar AO 0235+16.
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Hagen-Thorn, V. A., Larionov, V. M., Raiteri, C. M., Hagen-Thorn, E. I., Shapiro, A. V., Arkharov, A. A., Takalo, L. O., and Sillanpää, A.
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BL Lacertae objects ,LIGHT curves ,ASTRONOMICAL observatories ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,OPTICS - Abstract
Multicolor ( UBVRIJHK) observation of the blazar AO 0235+16 are analyzed. The light curves were compiled at the Turin Observatory from literature data and the results of observations obtained in the framework of the WEBT program (). The color variability of the blazar was studied in eight time intervals with a sufficient number of multicolor optical observations; J H K data are available for only one of these. The spectral energy distribution (SED) of the variable component remained constant within each interval, but varied strongly from one interval to another. After correction for dust absorption, the SED can be represented by a power law in all cases, providing evidence for a synchrotron nature of the variable component. We show that the variability at both optical and IR wavelengths is associated with the same variable source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
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6. Optical and IR monitoring of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 from 2001–2004.
- Author
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Hagen-Thorn, V. A., Larionov, V. M., Efimova, N. V., Hagen-Thorn, E. I., Arkharov, A. A., Paola, A. Di, Dolci, M., Takalo, L. O., Sillanpää, A., and Ostorero, L.
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BL Lacertae objects ,SPECTRAL energy distribution ,SYNCHROTRON radiation ,OPTICAL spectroscopy ,INFRARED spectroscopy ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Multicolor ( BV RIJHK) observations of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 carried out irom 2001–2004 indicate that the spectral energy distribution of the slowly varying component remained constant over the entire wavelength interval and over the three-year observation period. The distribution can be represented by the power law F
v ∼ v−1.12 , providing evidence that this component has a synchrotron nature. The color characteristics of very rapid variability detected on several nights are the same as those for the slowly varying component. An analysis of published data on the color variability of the object for previous years indicates that the color characteristics of the slowly varying component are stable, independent of the time intervals considered and the characteristic variability time scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2006
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7. DEEP OPTICAL IMAGING OF THE EGRET-DETECTED BLAZARS.
- Author
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Sillanpaa, A., Nilsson, K., Takalo, L. O., Heidt, J., and Fried, J.
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BL Lacertae objects ,GALAXIES ,ASTRONOMICAL observations - Abstract
ABSTRACT We have an ongoing program with the 2.56m Nordic Optical Telescope on La Patina to take very deep, subarcsecond optical images of all the blazers detected by the EGRET experiment onboard the GRO-satellite and of a comparison sample of blazers that EGRET has observed BUT NOT detected. Our goad is to study the host galaxy properties and the close blazar neighbourhood in both samples in order to search for possible differencies among their morphological and environmental properties. First preliminary results of this program are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
8. Tuorla Blazar Monitoring Program.
- Author
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Takalo, L. O., Nilsson, K., Lindfors, E., Sillanpää, A., Berdyugin, A., and Pasanen, M.
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BL Lacertae objects , *ASTRONOMY , *OPTICAL instruments , *TELESCOPES , *LIGHT curves - Abstract
For the last six years we have been monitoring 24 blazars, considered potential TeV emitters, in the optical R-band. We use the KVA telescope on La Palma and the 1m telescope at Tuorla. Since 2004 the KVA has been also used to monitor those blazars that MAGIC is observing. We have given several alerts to MAGIC on optically active blazars, some of which MAGIC has then detected. Here we will describe our monitoring program and show some of the longterm lightcurves resulting from the program. We will also discuss the extension of sample of monitored blazars and the participation in multiwavelength campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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9. Multifrequency monitoring of 3C 66A.
- Author
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Takalo, L. O. and Sillanpa¨a¨, A.
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BL Lacertae objects , *GAMMA rays , *RADIO frequency - Abstract
We present results from multifrequency monitoring observations of blazar 3C 66A taken during the last years. We have data rom γ-rays to radio frequencies. The overall behaviour is similar in all the observed frequencies, showing the object in a long outburst. Unfortunately the data does not allow detailed comparison between the different bands. These data will clearly show the need for coordinated multifrequency campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
10. Insights into the High-energy γ-ray Emission of Markarian 501 from Extensive Multifrequency Observations in the Fermi Era
- Author
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Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, Luca, Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Celik, O. ., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., do Couto, e. Silva E., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Johannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knoedlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Naumann Godo, M., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Raino, S., Rando, R., Razzano, Massimiliano, Readhead, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Richards, J. L., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. 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L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Dazzi, F., de Angelis, A., De Cea, del Pozo E., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Delgado, Mendez C., Diago, Ortega A., Doert, M., Dominguez, A., Dominis, Prester D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., Garcia, Lopen R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinovi, N., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Hoehne Moench, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Jogler, T., Klepser, S., Kraehenbuehl, T., Kranich, D., Krause, J., La Barbera, A., Leonardo, E., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Lopez, M., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, E., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martinez, M., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Moldon, J., Moralejo, A., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Orito, R., Oya, I., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez Torres, M. 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C., Sakamoto, T., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., tschke V, Zook A., Raab, Fj, Rabeling, Ds, Racz, I, Radkins, H, Raffai, P, Rakhmanov, M, Ramet, Cr, Rankins, B, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Re, V, Redwine, K, Reed, Cm, Reed, T, Regimbau, T, Reid, S, Reitze, Dh, Ricci, F, Riesen, R, Riles, K, Roberts, P, Robertson, Na, Robinet, F, Robinson, C, Robinson, El, Rocchi, A, Roddy, S, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Romano, Jd, Romano, R, Romie, Jh, Rosinska, D, Rover, C, Rowan, S, Udiger, Ar, Ruggi, P, Ryan, K, Sakata, S, Sakosky, M, Salemi, F, Salit, M, Sammut, L, de la Jordana LS, Sandberg, V, Sannibale, V, Santamaria, L, Santiago Prieto, I, Santostasi, G, Saraf, S, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, Bs, Sato, S, Satterthwaite, M, Saulson, Pr, Savage, R, Schilling, R, Schlamminger, S, Schnabel, R, Schofield, Rms, Schulz, B, Schutz, Bf, Schwinberg, P, Scott, J, Scott, Sm, Searle, Ac, Seifert, F, Sellers, D, Sengupta, As, Sentenac, D, Sergeev, A, Shaddock, Da, Shaltev, M, Shapiro, B, Shawhan, P, Weerathunga, Ts, Shoemaker, Dh, Sibley, A, Siemens, X, Sigg, D, Singer, A, Singer, L, Sintes, Am, Skelton, G, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slutsky, J, Smith, Jr, Smith, Mr, Smith, Nd, Smith, R, Somiya, K, Sorazu, B, Soto, J, Speirits, Fc, Sperandio, L, Stefszky, M, Stein, Aj, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steplewski, S, Stochino, A, Stone, R, Strain, Ka, Strigin, S, Stroeer, As, Sturani, R, Stuver, Al, Summerscales, Tz, Sung, M, Susmithan, S, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, B, Szokoly, Gp, Tacca, M, Talukder, D, Tanner, Db, Tarabrin, Sp, Taylor, Jr, Taylor, R, Thomas, P, Thorne, Ka, Thorne, Ks, Thrane, E, Thuring, A, Titsler, C, Tokmakov, Kv, Toncelli, A, Tonelli, M, Torre, O, Torres, C, Torrie, Ci, Tournefier, E, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Trias, M, Tseng, K, Turner, L, Ugolini, D, Urbanek, K, Vahlbruch, H, Vaishnav, B, Vajente, G, Vallisneri, M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck, C, van der Putten, S, van der Sluys MV, van Veggel AA, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vaulin, R, Vavoulidis, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, Pj, Veltkamp, C, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Villar, Ae, Vinet, Jy, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyachanin, Sp, Waldman, Sj, Wallace, L, Wanner, A, Ward, Rl, Was, M, Wei, P, Weinert, M, Weinstein, Aj, Weiss, R, Wen, L, Wen, S, Wessels, P, West, M, Westphal, T, Wette, K, Whelan, Jt, Whitcomb, Se, White, D, Whiting, Bf, Wilkinson, C, Willems, Pa, Williams, Hr, Williams, L, Willke, B, Winkelmann, L, Winkler, W, Wipf, Cc, Wiseman, Ag, Woan, G, Wooley, R, Worden, J, Yablon, J, Yakushin, I, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yang, H, Yeaton Massey, D, Yoshida, S, Yu, P, Yvert, M, Zanolin, M, Zhang, L, Zhang, Z, Zhao, C, Zotov, N, Zucker, Me, Zweizig, J, Aptekar, Rl, Boynton, Wv, Briggs, Ms, Cline, Tl, Connaughton, V, Frederiks, Dd, Gehrels, N, Goldsten, Jo, Golovin, D, van der Horst AJ, Hurley, Kc, Kaneko, Y, von Kienlin, A, Kouveliotou, C, Krimm, Ha, Lin, L, Mitrofanov, I, Ohno, M, Pal'Shin, Vd, Rau, A, Sanin, A, Tashiro, Ms, Terada, Y, Yamaoka Kn, Y. A., Kus, V., Kuykendall, W., Kuze, M., Kuzhir, P., Kvasnicka, O., Kwee, R., La Rosa, A., La Rotonda, L., Labarga, L., Labbe, J., Lacasta, C., Lacava, F., Lacker, H., Lacour, D., Lacuesta, V. R., Ladygin, E., Lafaye, R., Laforge, B., Lagouri, T., Lai, S., Laisne, E., Lamanna, M., Lampen, C. L., Lampl, W., Lancon, E., Landgraf, U., Landon, M. P. J., Landsman, H., Lane, J. L., Lange, C., Lankford, A. J., Lanni, F., Lantzsch, K., Lapin, V. V., Laplace, S., Lapoire, C., Laporte, J. F., Lari, T., Larionov, A. V., Larner, A., Lasseur, C., Lassnig, M., Lau, W., Laurelli, P., Lavorato, A., Lavrijsen, W., Laycock, P., Lazarev, A. B., Lazzaro, A., Le Dortz, O., Le Guirriec, E., Le Maner, C., Le Menedeu, E., Leahu, M., Lebedev, A., Lebel, C., Lecompte, T., Ledroit Guillon, F., Lee, H., Lee, J. S. H., Lee, S. C., Lee, L., Lefebvre, M., Legendre, M., Leger, A., Legeyt, B. C., Legger, F., Leggett, C., Lehmacher, M., Lehmann, Miotto G., Lei, X., Leite, M. A. L., Leitner, R., Lellouch, D., Lellouch, J., Leltchouk, M., Lendermann, V., Leney, K. J. C., Lenz, T., Lenzen, G., Lenzi, B., Leonhardt, K., Leontsinis, S., Leroy, C., Lessard, J. R., Lesser, J., Lester, C. G., Leung Fook, Cheong A., Leveque, J., Levin, D., Levinson, L. J., Levitski, M. S., Lewandowska, M., Lewis, G. H., Leyton, M., Li, B., Li, H., Li, S., Li, X., Liang, Z., Liberti, B., Lichard, P., Lichtnecker, M., Lie, K., Liebig, W., Lifshitz, R., Lilley, J. N., Limosani, A., Limper, M., Lin, S. C., Linde, F., Linnemann, J. T., Lipeles, E., Lipinsky, L., Lipniacka, A., Liss, T. M., Lissauer, D., Lister, A., Litke, A. M., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, J. B., Liu, M., Liu, S., Liu, Y., Livan, M., Livermore, S. S. A., Lleres, A., Lloyd, S. L., Lobodzinska, E., Loch, P., Lockman, W. S., Lockwitz, S., Loddenkoetter, T., Loebinger, F. K., Loginov, A., Loh, C. W., Lohse, T., Lohwasser, K., Lokajicek, M., Loken, J., Lombardo, V. P., Long, R. E., Lopes, L., Lopez, Mateos D., Losada, M., Loscutoff, P., Lo Sterzo, F., Losty, M. J., Lou, X., Lounis, A., Loureiro, K. F., Love, J., Love, P. A., Lowe, A. J., Lu, F., Lu, J., Lu, L., Lubatti, H. J., Luci, C., Lucotte, A., Ludwig, A., Ludwig, D., Ludwig, I., Ludwig, J., Luehring, F., Luijckx, G., Lumb, D., Luminari, L., Lund, E., Lund Jensen, B., Lundberg, B., Lundberg, J., Lundquist, J., Lungwitz, M., Lupi, A., Lutz, G., Lynn, D., Lys, J., Lytken, E., Ma, H., L. L., Ma, Macana, Goia J. A., Maccarrone, G., Macchiolo, A., Macek, B., Machado Miguens, J., Macina, D., Mackeprang, R., Madaras, R. J., Mader, W. F., Maenner, R., Maeno, T., Maettig, P., Maettig, S., Magalhaes Martins, P. J., Magnoni, L., Magradze, E., Magrath, C. A., Mahalalel, Y., Mahboubi, K., Mahout, G., Maiani, C., Maidantchik, C., Maio, A., Majewski, S., Makida, Y., Makovec, N., Mal, P., Malecki, Pa, Malecki, P., Maleev, V. P., Malek, F., Mallik, U., Malon, D., Maltezos, S., Malyshev, V., Malyukov, S., Mameghani, R., Mamuzic, J., Manabe, A., Mandelli, L., Mandic, I., Mandrysch, R., Maneira, J., Mangeard, P. S., Manjavidze, I. D., Mann, A., Manning, P. M., Manousakis Katsikakis, A., Mansoulie, B., Manz, A., Mapelli, A., Mapelli, L., March, L., Marchand, J. F., Marchese, F., Marchesotti, M., Marchiori, G., Marcisovsky, M., Marin, A., Marino, C. P., Marroquim, F., Marshall, R., Marshall, Z., Martens, F. K., Marti Garcia, S., Martin, A. J., Martin, B., Martin, F. F., Martin, J. P., Martin, Ph, Universitat de Barcelona, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules (LPTA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fermi-LAT, Abdo, A. A., Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M. G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonamente, E., Borgland, A. W., Bouvier, A., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Brez, A., Brigida, M., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Caliandro, G. A., Cameron, R. A., Cannon, A., Caraveo, P. A., Carrigan, S., Casandjian, J. M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Çelik, Ö., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Claus, R., Cohen Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., Dermer, C. D., de Palma, F., Silva, E. do Couto e., Drell, P. S., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S. J., Ferrara, E. C., Focke, W. B., Fortin, P., Frailis, M., Fuhrmann, L., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Gehrels, N., Germani, S., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Grenier, I. A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hayashida, M., Hays, E., Horan, D., Hughes, R. E., Jóhannesson, G., Johnson, A. S., Johnson, W. N., Kadler, M., Kamae, T., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Knödlseder, J., Kuss, M., Lande, J., Latronico, L., Lee, S. H., Lemoine Goumard, M., Longo, Francesco, Loparco, F., Lott, B., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G. M., Makeev, A., Max Moerbeck, W., Mazziotta, M. N., Mcenery, J. E., Mehault, J., Michelson, P. F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A. A., Monte, C., Monzani, M. E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I. V., Murgia, S., Naumann Godo, M., Nishino, S., Nolan, P. L., Norris, J. P., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Okumura, A., Omodei, N., Orlando, E., Ormes, J. F., Paneque, D., Panetta, J. H., Parent, D., Pavlidou, V., Pearson, T. J., Pelassa, V., Pepe, M., Pesce Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzano, M., Readhead, A., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Richards, J. L., Ripken, J., Ritz, S., Roth, M., Sadrozinski, H. F. W., Sanchez, D., Sander, A., Scargle, J. D., Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Smith, P. D., Spandre, G., Spinelli, P., Stawarz, Ł., Stevenson, M., Strickman, M. S., Sokolovsky, K. V., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, T., Thayer, J. B., Thayer, J. G., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tramacere, A., Uchiyama, Y., Usher, T. L., Vandenbroucke, J., Vasileiou, V., Vilchez, N., Vitale, V., Waite, A. P., Wang, P., Wehrle, A. E., Winer, B. L., Wood, K. S., Yang, Z., Ylinen, T., Zensus, J. A., Ziegler, M., Aleksić, J., Antonelli, L. A., Antoranz, P., Backes, M., Barrio, J. A., Becerra González, J., Bednarek, W., Berdyugin, A., Berger, K., Bernardini, E., Biland, A., Blanch, O., Bock, R. K., Boller, A., Bonnoli, G., Bordas, P., Borla Tridon, D., Bosch Ramon, V., Bose, D., Braun, I., Bretz, T., Camara, M., Carmona, E., Carosi, A., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Dazzi, F., de Angelis, A., De Cea del Pozo, E., De Lotto, B., De Maria, M., De Sabata, F., Delgado Mendez, C., Diago Ortega, A., Doert, M., Domínguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Elsaesser, D., Ferenc, D., Fonseca, M. V., Font, L., García López, R. J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giavitto, G., Godinovi, N., Hadasch, D., Herrero, A., Hildebrand, D., Höhne Mönch, D., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Jogler, T., Klepser, S., Krähenbühl, T., Kranich, D., Krause, J., La Barbera, A., Leonardo, E., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., López, M., Lorenz, E., Majumdar, P., Makariev, E., Maneva, G., Mankuzhiyil, N., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Martínez, M., Mazin, D., Meucci, M., Miranda, J. M., Mirzoyan, R., Miyamoto, H., Moldón, J., Moralejo, A., Nieto, D., Nilsson, K., Orito, R., Oya, I., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Partini, S., Pasanen, M., Pauss, F., Pegna, R. G., Perez Torres, M. A., Persic, M., Peruzzo, J., Pochon, J., Prada Moroni, P. G., Prada, F., Prandini, E., Puchades, N., Puljak, I., Reichardt, T., Reinthal, R., Rhode, W., Ribó, M., Rico, J., Rissi, M., Rügamer, S., Saggion, A., Saito, K., Saito, T. Y., Salvati, M., Sánchez Conde, M., Satalecka, K., Scalzotto, V., Scapin, V., Schultz, C., Schweizer, T., Shayduk, M., Shore, S. N., Sierpowska Bartosik, A., Sillanpää, A., Sitarek, J., Sobczynska, D., Spanier, F., Spiro, S., Stamerra, A., Steinke, B., Storz, J., Strah, N., Struebig, J. C., Suric, T., Takalo, L. O., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzić, T., Tescaro, D., Teshima, M., Vankov, H., Wagner, R. M., Weitzel, Q., Zabalza, V., Zandanel, F., Zanin, R., Acciari, V. A., Arlen, T., Aune, T., Benbow, W., Boltuch, D., Bradbury, S. M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Cesarini, A., Ciupik, L., Cui, W., Dickherber, R., Errando, M., Falcone, A., Finley, J. P., Finnegan, G., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., Galante, N., Gall, D., Gillanders, G. H., Godambe, S., Grube, J., Guenette, R., Gyuk, G., Hanna, D., Holder, J., Huang, D., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Kaaret, P., Karlsson, N., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Konopelko, A., Krawczynski, H., Krennrich, F., Lang, M. J., Maier, G., Mcarthur, S., Mccann, A., Mccutcheon, M., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., Ong, R., Otte, A. N., Pandel, D., Perkins, J. S., Pichel, A., Pohl, M., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reyes, L. C., Reynolds, P. T., Roache, E., Rose, H. J., Rovero, A. C., Schroedter, M., Sembroski, G. H., Senturk, G. D., Steele, D., Swordy, S. P., Tešić, G., Theiling, M., Thibadeau, S., Varlotta, A., Vincent, S., Wakely, S. P., Ward, J. E., Weekes, T. C., Weinstein, A., Weisgarber, T., Williams, D. A., Wood, M., Zitzer, B., Villata, M., Raiteri, C. M., Aller, H. D., Aller, M. F., Arkharov, A. A., Blinov, D. A., Calcidese, P., Chen, W. P., Efimova, N. V., Kimeridze, G., Konstantinova, T. S., Kopatskaya, E. N., Koptelova, E., Kurtanidze, O. M., Kurtanidze, S. O., Lähteenmäki, A., Larionov, V. M., Larionova, E. G., Larionova, L. V., Ligustri, R., Morozova, D. A., Nikolashvili, M. G., Sigua, L. A., Troitsky, I. S., Angelakis, E., Capalbi, M., Carramiñana, A., Carrasco, L., Cassaro, P., de la Fuente, E., Gurwell, M. A., Kovalev, Y. Y., Kovalev, Y. u. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Krimm, H. A., Leto, P., Lister, M. L., Maccaferri, G., Moody, J. W., Mori, Y., Nestoras, I., Orlati, A., Pagani, C., Pace, C., Pearson R., Iii, Perri, M., Piner, B. G., Pushkarev, A. B., Ros, E., Sadun, A. C., Sakamoto, T., Tornikoski, M., Yatsu, Y., Zook, A., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)
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BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 501) ,Photon ,PARTICLE-ACCELERATION ,Astrophysics ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,CHERENKOV TELESCOPE SYSTEM ,LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE ,Raigs gamma ,individual: Mrk 501 [BL Lacertae objects] ,EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,acceleration of particle ,MAGNETOSONIC SHOCK-WAVES ,acceleration of particles ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,Spectral index ,TEV VARIABILITY ,[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Acceleradors de partícules ,Gamma ray ,individual (Mrk 501) [BL Lacertae objects] ,non-thermal [radiation mechanisms] ,BL LACERTAE OBJECTS ,ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ,LOG-PARABOLIC SPECTRA ,X-RAY ,active [galaxies] ,Eddington luminosity ,BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501 ,symbols ,Spectral energy distribution ,Electrónica ,Física nuclear ,Electricidad ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,galaxies: active ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Blazar ,98.70.Rz, 98.54.Cm, 98.62.Py ,BL Lacertae objects: general ,gamma rays: general ,radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ,general [BL Lacertae objects] ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Gamma rays ,Institut für Physik und Astronomie ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Galaxies ,Particle accelerators ,Galàxies ,Space and Planetary Science ,ddc:520 ,general [gamma rays] ,Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope - Abstract
著者人数:451名, Accepted: 2010-11-19, 資料番号: SA1002653000
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11. The WEBT BL Lacertae campaign 2000
- Author
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Villata, M, Raiteri, C. M., Kurtanizde, O. M., Nikolashvili, M. G., Ibrahimov, M. A., Papadakis, I. E., Tsinganos, K, Sadakane, K, Okada, N, Takalo, L. O., Sillanpaeae, A, Tosti, G, Ciprini, S, Frasca, A, Marilli, E, Robb, R. M., Noble, J. C., Jorstad, S. G., HAGEN THORN, V. A., Larionov, V. M., Massaro, E, Nesci, R, Schwartz, R. D., Basler, J, Gorham, P. W., Iwamatsu, H, Kato, T, Pullen, C, Benitez, E, DE DIEGO, J. A., Moilanen, M, Oksanen, A, Rodriguez, D, Sadun, A. C., Kelly, M, Carini, M. T., Miller, H. R., Catalano, S, DULTZIN HACYAN, D, Fan, J. H., Ishioka, R, Karttunen, H, Keinaenen, P, Kudryavtseva, N. A., Lainela, M, Lanteri, L, Larionova, E. G., Maesano, M, Matsumoto, K, Mattox, J. R., Montagni, F, Nucciarelli, G, Ostorero, Luisa, Papamastorakis, J, Pasanen, M, Sobrito, G, and Uemura, M.
- Subjects
jets ,Physics ,Brightness ,active galaxies ,BL Lacertae objects ,BL Lacertae ,quasars ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Correlation function (astronomy) ,Viewing angle ,Light curve ,Galaxy ,law.invention ,Telescope ,symbols.namesake ,Space and Planetary Science ,law ,symbols ,Blazar ,Doppler effect - Abstract
We present UBVRI light curves of BL Lacertae from May 2000 to January 2001, obtained by 24 telescopes in 11 countries. More than 15000 observations were performed in that period, which was the extension of the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) campaign originally planned for July-August 2000. Rapid flux oscillations are present all the time, involving variations up to a few tenths of mag on hour time scales, and witnessing an intense intraday activity of this source. Colour indexes have been derived by coupling the highest precision B and R data taken by the same instrument within 20 min and after subtracting the host galaxy contribution from the fluxes. The 620 indexes obtained show that the optical spectrum is weakly sensitive to the long-term trend, while it strictly follows the short-term flux behaviour, becoming bluer when the brightness increases. Thus, spectral changes are not related to the host galaxy contribution, but they are an intrinsic feature of fast flares. We suggest that the achromatic mechanism causing the long-term flux base-level modulation can be envisaged in a variation of the relativistic Doppler beaming factor, and that this variation is likely due to a change of the viewing angle. Discrete correlation function (DCF) analysis reveals the existence of a characteristic time scale of variability of about 7 h in the light curve of the core WEBT campaign, while no measurable time delay between variations in the B and R bands is found.
12. The activity of the blazar OJ 287 in 2005: XMM-Newton observations and coordinated campaign.
- Author
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Ciprini, S., Raiteri, C. M., Rizzi, N., Agudo, I., Foschini, L., Fiorucci, M., Takalo, L. O., Villata, M., Sillanpää, A., Valtonen, M., Ostorero, L., Tosti, G., and Wagner, S. J.
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BL Lacertae objects ,SPACE telescopes ,FLARES ,WAVELENGTHS ,X-rays - Abstract
Two guest-observer XMM-Newton observations of the peculiar blazar OJ 287 in 2005 are briefly presented, along with the multiwavelength data obtained during a coordinated intensive WEBT campaign, and data obtained within longer-term independent monitor programs, performed also by other facilities. During that year OJ 287 showed an interesting variability trend in the optical band. The X-ray observations, performed in correspondence with two active optical states (a flare and an outburst), indicate different flux levels, spectral slopes, and emission components, while VLBA radio maps are consistent with a jet precession model. A further XMM-Newton observation of OJ 287 is granted and foreseen in spring 2008, providing the opportunity of a multifrequency campaign to be performed in conjunction with GLAST. © 2007 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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13. Ground based optical support for gamma-ray observations on blazars.
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Sillanpa¨a¨, A. and Takalo, L. O.
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BL Lacertae objects , *TELESCOPES - Abstract
Our Tuorla Observatory has a long tradition in the optical blazar monitoring. To increase our data coverage our Observatory has rented a 60cm optical telescope (hereafter KVA-telescope) on La Palma from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. This telescope is located quite close to the 4.2m WHT-telescope. The weather conditions on La Palma are normally excellent with about 300 clear nights per year. Our plan is to modernize the telescope so that finally it should be totally robotic. We are planning to use more than 70 % of the observing time for the support observations for the future gamma experiments like MAGIC, INTEGRAL, AGILE and GLAST. We have already tested our telescope in many multifrequency campaigns and it has clearly shown to be an important instrument in the future mw-campaigns on blazars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
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