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Genus Achatiblatta gen. nov. Etymology. This compound word is derived from Latin nouns achates (agate) and blatta (cockroach), referring to the natural beauty of this genus. Feminine. Diagnosis. Body size small in the subfamily, tarsus very short, hind tarsus shorter than half of tibia. Nymphs and females with broadened terga (including supra-anal plate) extending beyond sterna. Type species. Achatiblatta achates gen. & sp. nov.. Distribution. Hainan Island., Published as part of Li, Xin-Ran, Wang, Li-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, Rediscovered and new perisphaerine cockroaches from SW China with a review of subfamilial diagnosis (Blattodea: Blaberidae), pp. 251-290 in Zootaxa 4410 (2) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1221512

Subfamily Perisphaerinae See Li & Wang (2016) for citations. Tentative diagnosis. Female neoteny (Fig. 9), integument hardened (in male adults, limited to pronotum and base of tegmen); ventral pronotum with typical carinae, which end with a lobe or a process, more evident in males (Fig. 9G). Front femur type C or D. In females of many species, the abdominal tergites bear one or more pits at sides, along the tergal furrow (Fig. 9C); an orifice usually present in the pit. The number of pits on either side of the third through seventh tergum is a diagnostic character of species, and it can be stated as ��� pit formula ���. For example, pit formula 1-1-2-2-2 means that third tergum through seventh tergum typically has one, one, two, two, two pits respectively; pit formula [3] means that either side of third tergum through seventh tergum each has three pits typically. Cerci of nymphs and females very short, coniform, coalesced into one segment, sometimes the cercomeres are observable. The male phallic complex is generalized as Fig. 10A. Sclerotizations of cleft phallomere are R1T���, R2���, R3��� and R5���; virga well developed (except for Pseudoglomeris semisulcata Hanitsch and Ps. angustifolia (Wang & Che)), the virga sclerite occupies the dorsal wall and sometimes part of the ventral wall of the virga; basolateral sclerite large, approximately as wide as the hook-like phallomere; the hook-base sclerite and the hook at the same side. Female valvulae and surrounding components are generalized as Fig. 10B. Distribution. Oriental, Australian and Ethiopian Regions. Fig. 11 shows the localities in southwestern China. Remarks. Perisphaerus is the type genus of Perisphaerinae. But unfortunately, Brunner (1865) proposed Perisphaerinae (originally as a tribe) based on the name of Perisphaerus, whilst based on the concept of Hyposphaeria Lucas, though he did not mention the latter (see Li & Wang 2016 for details). Brunner (1865) included the type species of Perisphaerus into Derocalymma, and later he (Brunner 1893) included two Perisphaerus species into Pseudoglomeris Brunner; the typification of Perisphaerinae is therefore further complicated. To avoid confusion, we treat Perisphaerus as the type genus of Perisphaerinae, nomenclaturally and actually. In addition, if the name Perisphaerinae Brunner, 1865 becomes misleading, then we recommend using Perisphaerinae Walker, 1868, which is based on both the name and concept of Perisphaerus. Grandcolas (1997) suggested five synapomorphies for Perisphaerinae (see Introduction herein). The third is that the paratergite (tergal extension in Fig. 10B) of female genitalia has an unusual groove and thus a ���lip��� on the other side. This character, however, is found at least in Blaptica (Blaberinae), Diploptera (Diplopterinae), Panesthiinae, Paranauphoeta (subfamily uncertain) and Pseudophoraspis (Epilamprinae) (XRL personal observation). This is common among Blaberidae, and likely extends beyond just Blaberidae. Besides, we do not consider that the tergal extension is useful in subfamilial taxonomy in Blaberidae. The fourth synapomorphy in Grandcolas (1997) is that the first valvifer arm (gonocoxa in Fig. 10B) of female genitalia has a small fold on the right side, which often separates the sclerite. This is, however, found in only two out of 15 species (and some undetermined specimens) examined, namely, Ps. aerea and Ps. sculpta. In addition, we agree with Anisyutkin (2003) about the first and second synapomorphies. Therefore, the first through fourth synapomorphies suggested by Grandcolas (1997) are not synapomorphies of Perisphaerinae., Published as part of Li, Xin-Ran, Wang, Li-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, Rediscovered and new perisphaerine cockroaches from SW China with a review of subfamilial diagnosis (Blattodea: Blaberidae), pp. 251-290 in Zootaxa 4410 (2) on page 254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1221512, {"references":["Li, X. - R. & Wang, Z. - Q. (2016) Perisphaerinae Brunner von Wattenwyl and Hyposphaeria Lucas are valid names concealed by the unavailable names Perisphaeriinae and Perisphaeria Burmeister (Blattodea, Blaberidae). ZooKeys, 574, 75 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 574.7063","Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1865) Nouveau Systeme des Blattaires. G. Braumuller, Vienna, 426 pp.","Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1893) Revision du systeme des Orthopteres et description des especes rapportees par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Series 2, 13, 5 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5121","Walker, F. (1868) Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattariae in the Collection of the British Museum. British Museum, London, 239 pp.","Grandcolas, P. (1997) The monophyly of the subfamily Perisphaeriinae (Dictyoptera: Blattaria: Blaberidae). Systematic Entomology, 22 (2), 123 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 3113.1997. d 01 - 28. x"]}

Genus Perisphaerus Audinet-Serville, 1831 See Li & Wang (2016) for citations. Diagnosis. Nymphs and females can roll up into a ball, like pill millipedes (Glomerida) and pill bugs (Armadillidiidae). Middle and hind femora without spines at dorsocaudal margin (morphologically ventrocaudal). Males almost indistinguishable from those of Pseudoglomeris, but the pronotum strongly convex. Further description. Nymphs��� and females��� dorsum strongly convex, vertical section across body semicircular, pronotum shaped 1/4 spherical surface. Head hidden, width approximately 1/3 to 1/4 of body width; eyes large, joining each other or almost joint. Front femur type C1. Distribution. Oriental Region. Chinese species. Three Perisphaerus species were recorded from China. We remove Pe. semilunatus Hanitsch recorded by Anisyutkin (2003), since the described characters cannot distinguish Pe. semilunatus from other species, and its type locality, southern Vietnam, is somewhat far from China., Published as part of Li, Xin-Ran, Wang, Li-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, Rediscovered and new perisphaerine cockroaches from SW China with a review of subfamilial diagnosis (Blattodea: Blaberidae), pp. 251-290 in Zootaxa 4410 (2) on page 255, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1221512, {"references":["Li, X. - R. & Wang, Z. - Q. (2016) Perisphaerinae Brunner von Wattenwyl and Hyposphaeria Lucas are valid names concealed by the unavailable names Perisphaeriinae and Perisphaeria Burmeister (Blattodea, Blaberidae). ZooKeys, 574, 75 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 574.7063"]}

Genus Frumentiforma gen. nov. Etymology. This compound word is derived from Latin nouns frumentum (a grain) and forma (shape, form), referring to the shape of females. Feminine. Diagnosis. Body size small in the subfamily, slender, cylindrical. Head large, wider than half of body width, eyes far apart. Type species. Frumentiforma frumentiformis gen. & sp. nov.. Distribution. Hainan, Guangxi. Remarks. We examined the photos of the male lectotype (in OUM) of Glyptopeltis wallacei Hanitsch, and G. wallacei may be a member of Frumentiforma gen. nov.. But a clear inclusion requires a thorough examination of the specimen., Published as part of Li, Xin-Ran, Wang, Li-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, Rediscovered and new perisphaerine cockroaches from SW China with a review of subfamilial diagnosis (Blattodea: Blaberidae), pp. 251-290 in Zootaxa 4410 (2) on pages 284-285, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1221512

Genus Pseudoglomeris Brunner, 1893 Corydidarum Brunner, 1865: 411, without descriptions but with a citation to Perisphaeria (Blepharodera) sericea Saussure, 1863: 138. Syn. n. Pseudoglomeris Brunner, 1893: 42, type species Perisphaeria (Perisphaeria) glomeris Saussure, 1863: 135. Saussure & Zehntner 1895: 37. Trichoblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895: 44; Kirby 1904: 191, T. sericea was designated as the type; Princis 1964: 207, catalogue. Syn. n. Kurokia Shiraki, 1906: 188, type species K. nigra by monotypy; Princis 1964: 207, synonymized with Trichoblatta. Syn. n. Glomerexis Bey-Bienko, 1938: 123, type species Glomerexis tibetana Bey-Bienko, 1938; Wang & Che, 2011: 367. Syn. n. Glomeriblatta Bey-Bienko, 1950: 270, type species Pseudoglomeris planiuscula Brunner, 1893: 44; Princis 1964: 207, synonymized with Trichoblatta. Syn. n. Diagnosis. Similar to Perisphaerus, but these cockroaches cannot roll up into a ball. In most species, middle and hind femora with a spine in middle of dorsocaudal margin (morphologically ventrocaudal), usually another spine present at the base. Males almost indistinguishable from those of Perisphaerus, but the pronotum not that strongly convex. Further description. Nymphs��� and females��� body oval, dorsum somewhat convex. Head hidden, width approximately 1/3 to 1/4 of body width; eyes large, joining each other or almost joint; female ocellar spots tiny, sometimes almost invisible; male ocellar spots very large in macropterous species but as small as female���s in brachypterous and apterous species; frons usually with an impression between the posterior points of ocellar spots. Front femur type C1 or sometimes C0 or D. Eighth and ninth terga of both sexes and eighth sternum of male mostly hidden, only the hind margin exposed. Hind 2/3 of male supra-anal plate nearly membranous; cerci with nine or ten segments. Male subgenital plate with a large membranous area at right rear (around right stylus if present), usually also a small membranous area present at left rear (around left stylus if present). Synonymy. The synonymy among Corydidarum, Pseudoglomeris and Trichoblattta requires a clarification. Since Princis��� (1964) catalogue, Bey-Bienko (1969) and Anisyutkin (2003) described species under Trichoblatta, whilst earlier taxonomists (Brunner 1893, Shelford 1907, Hanitsch 1924) described species under Pseudoglomeris, which was not listed as a synonym of Trichoblatta by Princis (1964). These species should obviously be included in one genus, and these authors��� views of Trichoblatta and Pseudoglomeris overlap. We compared the original descriptions of these genera, and examined the photos of the type specimens of the type species, namely, Perisphaeria glomeris Saussure in MNHN (on loan from MHNG) and Perisphaeria sericea Saussure in MHNG: they fall into one genus. Therefore, Trichoblatta is synonymized with Pseudoglomeris. The name Corydidarum, now popular on the Internet, was proposed by Brunner (1865). Leaving only a citation, Brunner (1865) assigned Corydidarum to Perisphaeria sericea Saussure; thus, Corydidarum and Trichoblatta are objective synonyms. Brunner (1865) did not describe the genus, and no longer used this name in his subsequent works. The name Corydidarum is absent from any other taxonomic works, i.e. it has never been formally used; therefore, it is undesired to use this name hereafter. Glomerexis differs from Pseudoglomeris in apterous (Bey-Bienko 1938) or brachypterous male (Wang & Che 2011). Bey-Bienko (1938) distinguishes between these genera by wing-morph only, and did not suggest any other differences. However, wing-morph alone is insufficient for the generic diagnosis. The males of two brachypterous species, Ps. angustifolia and Ps. semisulcata, which resemble the apterous Ps. tibetana, differ from those of other Pseudoglomeris species: tiny ocellar spots and tiny typical carina lobe (like the females), and virga sclerite absent. We do not consider the former two differences to be of generic diagnosis, since these characters are also neoteny, and it is normal for the brachypterous males to exhibit neoteny, given that the apterous females are all neotenic. In comparison, the absence of virga sclerite can be a significant character that can be used to distinguish between genera, but we do not do so because no other significant differences can support the division. Nonetheless, Glomerexis may be regarded as a subgenus of Pseudoglomeris, if the male of Ps. tibetana, the type species of Glomerexis, lacks the virga sclerite, too. This is likely true but requires an investigation. If the male genitalia of Ps. tibetana fall into the normal morphology of Pseudoglomeris, on the contrary, a new subgenus should be established based on Ps. angustifolia or Ps. semisulcata. Judging from current evidence, we synonymize Glomerexis with Pseudoglomeris, but it is premature to propose a subgenus. Distribution. Oriental Region., Published as part of Li, Xin-Ran, Wang, Li-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2018, Rediscovered and new perisphaerine cockroaches from SW China with a review of subfamilial diagnosis (Blattodea: Blaberidae), pp. 251-290 in Zootaxa 4410 (2) on pages 259-260, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4410.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1221512, {"references":["Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1893) Revision du systeme des Orthopteres et description des especes rapportees par M. Leonardo Fea de Birmanie. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, Series 2, 13, 5 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5121","Brunner von Wattenwyl, C. (1865) Nouveau Systeme des Blattaires. G. Braumuller, Vienna, 426 pp.","Saussure, H. de (1863) Melanges Orthopterologiques. premier fascicule. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire naturelle de Geneve, 17 (1), 129 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59878","Saussure, H. de & Zehntner, L. (1895) Revision de la tribu des Perisphaeiens (Insectes Orthopteres de la Famille des Blattides). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 3, 1 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 37722","Kirby, W. F. (1904) A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae.). British Museum, London, 501 pp.","Princis, K. (1964) Blattariae: Subordo Blaberoidea. Fam.: Panchloridae, Gynopeltididae, Derocalymmidae, Perisphaeriidae, Pycnoscelididae. In: Beier, M (Ed.), Orthopterorum Catalogus. Pars 6. Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk, ' s-Gravenhage, pp. 175 - 281.","Shiraki, T. (1906) Neue Forficuliden und Blattiden Japans. Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society, 1 (2), 183 - 196.","Wang, Z. Q. & Che, Y. L. (2011) Revision of the genus Glomerexis Bey-Bienko with description of one new species from China (Blattodea, Perisphaeriinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 137 (3 & 4), 367 - 371.","Shelford, R. (1907) On some new species of Blattidae in the Oxford and Paris Museums. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History Seventh Series, 19, 25 - 49. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930709487227","Hanitsch, R. (1924) Blattidae collected by Prof. Gregory's expedition to Yunnan. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 20 (6), 337 - 338."]}