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Esthetic and functional surgery in the periocular region falls into the domain of oculoplastic surgeons, as well as plastic surgeons and otorhinolaryngologists with training in facial plastic surgery. This article provides a description of 8 common eyelid procedures that are routinely performed under local anesthesia, with or without mild intravenous sedation. Serious complications are rare. The rate of postoperative infection in the highly vascularized eyelid tissues is less than 1% in our experience., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Blepharoplasty is an operation to modify the contour and configuration of the eyelids in order to restore a more youthful appearance. The surgery involves removing redundant skin, fat, and muscle. In addition, supporting structures such as canthal tendons are tightened. Other conditions such as ptosis, brow ptosis, entropion, ectropion, or eyelid retraction may also need to be corrected at the time a blepharoplasty is performed to ensure the best functional and aesthetic result. Due to the complexity and intricate nature of eyelid anatomy, complications do exist. In addition to a thorough pre operative assessment and meticulous surgical planning, understanding the etiology of complications is key to prevention. Finally, management of complications is just as important as surgical technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Mohs surgery of eyelid skin cancers requires detailed knowledge of anatomy for precise surgery and accurate evaluation of histology. OBJECTIVE To review the histology of the peritarsal eyelid using frozen sections as encountered intraoperatively by Mohs surgeons. METHODS The authors review the literature describing the anatomy and histology of the peritarsal eyelid from the lens of a Mohs surgeon. Histology from select Mohs cases is used to frame the discussion of the microanatomy of this region. RESULTS The peritarsal eyelids contain a unique mixture of skin, muscle, tarsus, glandular tissue, and conjunctiva. The histologic appearance of many of these structures differs from skin found outside of this anatomic region. Tumors of the eyelid and periocular region may mimic normal histologic structures found within the peritarsal eyelid. CONCLUSION The peritarsal eyelids have unique anatomy and associated histologic structures. Knowledge of the detailed histoanatomy is required for confident execution of Mohs surgery in this anatomic region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]