Search

Background: Hypertension can be prevented and modified with lifestyle interventions that include regular exercise. Aquatic exercise is widely recommended for older adults for a variety of health benefits, but few studies have assessed the immediate ambulatory blood pressure (BP) response to aquatic exercise, a response termed postexercise hypotension (PEH). Thus, we assessed PEH after a session of aquatic exercise in physically active, older women with hypertension., Methods: Twenty-four women 70.0 ± 3.9 years with a resting systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) BP of 124.0/72.3 mm Hg and body mass index of 29.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to participate in a 45-minute session of moderate intensity, water-based exercise (WATER) and a 45-minute land control session (CONTROL). All experimental sessions started at 9 am sharply with 7 days between them. Subjects left the experiments wearing an ambulatory BP monitor for the next 21 hours., Results: SBP was lower by 5.1 ± 1.0 mm Hg after WATER than CONTROL over 21 hours (P < 0.001), over awake hours by 5.7 ± 1.1 mm Hg (P < 0.001), and sleep hours by 4.5 ± 0.4 mm Hg (P = 0.004). DBP was lower following WATER compared to CONTROL: 1.2 ± 0.3 mm Hg over 21 hours (P = 0.043); 0.9 ± 0.6 mm Hg over awake hours (P = 0.101); and 1.4 ± 0.9 mm Hg over sleep hours (P = 0.039)., Conclusions: Aquatic exercise elicited PEH (~5 mm Hg) over 21 hours, BP reductions that are comparable in magnitude to land aerobic exercise. The immediate antihypertensive benefits of acute aquatic exercise should continue to be explored in future studies., (© American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd 2017. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com)

Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women. Fifty hypertensive elderly women aged 67.8 ± 4.1 years, 1.5 ± 0.6 m high and BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m 2 , participated in a crossover clinical trial. The experiment consisted of a 45-minute water aerobics session (70%-75% HRmax adjusted for the aquatic environment) (ES) and a control session (no exercise for 45 minutes) (CS). Heart rate was monitored using a heart rate monitor and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) measurements were taken using a semi-automatic monitor before and immediately after the sessions, and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes thereafter. It was using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with Bonferroni's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At the end of the experimental session, ES showed a rise in SBP of 17.4 mmHg (14.3%, p < 0.001) and DBP of 5.4 mmHg (7.8%, p < 0.001) compared to CS. At 10 minutes after exercise, BP declined in ES by a greater magnitude than in CS (SBP 7.5 mmHg, 6.2%, p = 0.005 and DBP 3.8 mmHg, 5.5%, p = 0.013). At 20 minutes after exercise and thereafter, SBP and DBP were similar in both ES and CS. In conclusion, BP returned to control levels within 10-20 minutes remaining unchanged until 30 minutes after exercise, and post-exercise hypotension was not observed. Besides, BP changed after exercise was a safe rise of small magnitude for hypertensive people.

One exercise training session such as walking, running, and resistance can lead to a decrease in blood pressure in normotensive and hypertensive individuals, but few studies have investigated the effects of exercise training in an aquatic environment for overweight and obese hypertensive individuals. We aimed to assess the acute effects of a water aerobics session on blood pressure changes in pharmacologically treated overweight and obese hypertensive women. A randomized crossover study was carried out with 18 hypertensive women, 10 of them were overweight (54.4 ± 7.9 years; body mass index: 27.8 ± 1.7 kg/m(2)) and eight obese (56.4 ± 6.6 years; body mass index: 33.0 ± 2.0 kg/m(2)). The water aerobics exercise session consisted of a 45-minute training at the intensity of 70%-75% of maximum heart rate adjusted for the aquatic environment. The control group did not enter the pool and did not perform any exercise. We measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) before, immediately after, and every 10 minutes up to 30 minutes after the aerobic exercise or control session. Overall (n = 18), DBP did not change after the water aerobic exercise and control session, and SBP decreased at 10 and 20 minutes postexercise compared to the control session. Among overweight women, SBP decreased at 10 and 20 minutes postexercise. In contrast, among obese women, SBP decreased only at 10 minutes postexercise. SBP variation was -2.68 mm Hg in overweight and -1.24 mm Hg in obese women. In conclusion, the water aerobics session leads to a reduction in SBP, but not in DBP, during 10 and 20 minutes postexercise recovery. Thus, it may be safely prescribed to overweight and obese women., (Copyright © 2016 American Society of Hypertension. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: There are few studies relating the practice of water exercises and blood pressure responses., Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the subacute blood pressure behaviour in elderly hypertensive women after a water exercise session., Methods: This was a controlled clinical trial, carried out with 16 hypertensive elderly women with the following characteristics (mean ± SD): age 66 ± 2.94 years, body weight 68.43 ± 12.08 kg, height 158 ± 5.34 cm and body mass index 27.32 ± 4.30 kg/m(2). The study occurred on 2 days, 48 hours apart, with an experimental protocol and a control protocol. The experimental protocol underwent a moderately intense and predominantly aerobic 40-minute session with water exercises for the upper and lower limbs. The control protocol did not enter the pool and did not exercise, but all other procedures were similar to those of the experimental protocol. The blood pressure measurements were performed at times before and every 10 minutes for 30 minutes after the protocols. Student's t-test was used to determine if the averages of the two samples were significantly different., Results: Blood pressure increased significantly but not greatly after the water exercise session, but this did not happen with the control protocol. Systolic blood pressure in the experimental protocol decreased significantly only 30 minutes after the exercise session, which did not occur in the control protocol. Diastolic blood pressure, on the other hand, decreased significantly at minutes 10, 20 and 30. This also did not occur with the control protocol, but an intergroup analysis showed that diastolic blood pressure was similar for the two protocols., Conclusions: The results of this study show that a prescription of water exercises can be carried out in relative safety with this group of patients, and that systolic blood pressure tended to decrease, as shown by the measurement at minute 30.

This study investigated the acute blood pressure (BP) effects of different exercise modalities in older adults with hypertension. Sixty volunteers were randomly assigned (n = 15/group) into different exercise protocols: resistance, bike, water-based exercise (WE), and a control session—all for ∼45 min. Clinic BP measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 15 and 30 min after protocols. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance; generalized estimating equations, following Bonferroni post hoc (p <.05). Immediately after exercise, the systolic BP (SBP) increased in all exercise protocols (resistance exercise = Δ10.3, bike exercise = Δ5.8, WE = Δ9.5 mmHg; p <.001), while the diastolic BP was not altered. Afterward, the SBP reached the value observed before exercise. In Minute 30, only WE presented a significant reduction for SBP (WE = Δ−4.6 mmHg; p <.05). This study has important clinical implications in hemodynamic safety for acute BP increases immediately after exercises, as well as, in the SBP, reduction benefits for older adults with hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), as well as other chronic degenerative diseases, has been growing around the world. In this context, physical exercise is presented as a non-pharmacological strategy both in the treatment and in the prevention of this disease. Although pressure responses to strength and aerobic exercise are vast in the literature, in high-intensity multimodal exercises they are very scarce. Objectives: To develop a study protocol on the acute effects of blood pressure after a high-intensity multimodal training session in adult hypertensive individuals through a randomized crossover clinical trial. Methods: This is a controlled crossover clinical trial to evaluate the acute responses of blood pressure after a multimodal training session in hypertensive patients. 20 hypertensive adults will be recruited, who, after inclusion in the study, will perform 02 protocols with an interval of 07 days, one session of high-intensity multimodal exercises, and a control session (without exercises). Blood pressure (BP) will be measured before, immediately after, and for 60 minutes after carrying out the protocols. Results: The designed intervention is expected to provide additional information on the behavior of (BP) hypertensive individuals in the practice of multimodal exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cycling is a sport which requires great physical effort from athletes. The stress and anxiety of competition might interfere greatly with performance, by impacting the autonomic system. Physiological alterations, such as situations that irritate, frighten or excite the individual can cause a stress response, defined as a response of the organism to reestablish the homeostasis, regardless of its relationship to a sports situation. The aim of this study was to present data on the autonomic changes induced by precompetitive stress in cyclists and their relation with physical fitness and anxiety. Twelve healthy cyclists aged between 18 and 40 years, with previous experience in competition at the regional level, participated in the study. Heart rate variability (HRV) and physical fitness (body mass index, body fat and aerobic capacity) were measured 5 days before the Mountain Bike championship and remeasured 45 minutes before the start of the race (HRV and Anciety). Paired T test, effect size and correlational test were used. Cycling competition is a stressful situation capable of altering autonomic and hemodynamic parameters. We observed the increase in SDNN, reflecting an increase in sympathetic autonomic control. There were correlations between physical fitness with some autonomic parameters, while anxiety correlated with the years of experience in competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present study was to compare the blood pressure (BP) as well as the autonomic responses during different types of abdominal exercises in 30 subjects (age 18 to 25 yrs of age) who performed an exercise session consisting of 3 types of abdominal exercises (straight partial sit-up - SPSU, oblique partial sit-up - OPSU, and lying hip flexion - LHF), 3 sets, 15 to 20 repetitions, and a control session with the identical experimental procedures but without exercise. Brachial BP was measured before, during, and after intervention at 5, 10, and 20 min. Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed at baseline, during abdominal exercises, and in the post-intervention periods. Compared with baseline, systolic BP increased immediately after the SPSU, OPSU, and LHF exercises (P<0.001). Systolic BP and diastolic BP were not altered during the control session. In both sessions, BP was not affected in the post-intervention periods. In comparison with the control session, systolic BP increased 7.6%, 5.8%, and 7.6% after the SPSU, OPSU, and LHF exercises, respectively (P<0.001). Diastolic BP did not differ between sessions. After the LHF exercise, HRV was significantly decreased (P<0.05) when compared to the control session. In healthy subjects, abdominal exercises at low-to-moderate intensities induced small increases in BP, which was accompanied by a discrete decrease in HRV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]