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1. Definicao e Epidemiologia Coordenador: Heitor Moreno Junior. Autores: Juan Carlos Yugar-Toledo, Heitor Moreno Junior, Miguel Gus, Guido Bernardo Aranha Rosito e Luiz Cesar Nazario Scala. […] Posicionamento Brasileiro sobre Hipertensao Arterial Resistente – 2020

Introdução: Resultados de 3 anos do Symplicity HTN-1 mostraram superioridade da denervação simpática renal percutânea comparada à terapia medicamentosa em hipertensos resistentes. Entretanto, os desfechos de eficácia da denervação simpática renal percutânea no Symplicity HTN-3, primeiro ensaio controlado com procedimento simulado, não foram alcançados. Nosso objetivo foi relatar os resultados de segurança e de eficácia da denervação simpática renal percutânea utilizando o cateter de ablação por radiofrequência de ponta irrigada em hipertensos resistentes. Métodos: Vinte e um pacientes foram submetidos ao procedimento desde julho 2012, dentre eles nove com seguimento ≥ 12 meses, os quais foram incluídos nesta análise. O desfecho primário foi a segurança, avaliada por eventos adversos peri-procedimento, função renal e anormalidade vascular renal aos 6 meses. Os desfechos secundários incluíram mudanças na pressão arterial obtida no consultório e no número de anti-hipertensivos aos 12 meses. Resultados: A média de idades foi 48,8 ± 11,7 anos. No primeiro caso, houve dissecção de artéria renal causada por trauma da bainha. Nenhum caso de trombose, infarto renal ou óbito foi observado. Não se constatou elevação dos níveis séricos de creatinina durante o seguimento. Aos 6 meses, diagnosticou-se um caso de estenose significativa de artéria renal, sem repercussão clínica. A redução média da pressão arterial no consultório foi de 41,1 ± 33,2/18,6 ± 15,2 mmHg (p = 0,04 para pressão arterial sistólica e p = 0,08 para pressão arterial diastólica) e houve redução de 2,0 ± 2,3 no número de anti-hipertensivos aos 12 meses (p = 0,03). Conclusões: A denervação simpática renal percutânea, utilizando o cateter de ablação por radiofrequência de ponta irrigada, mostrou ser factível, segura e eficaz. Background: The 3-year results of the Symplicity HTN-1 trial have shown the superiority of renal sympathetic denervation over drug treatment in patients with resistant hypertension. However, the efficacy of renal sympathetic denervation was not confirmed by Symplicity HTN-3, the first sham-controlled study. Our objective was to report the safety and efficacy of renal sympathetic denervation using the irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter in patients with resistant hypertension. Methods: Twenty-one patients were submitted to the procedure since July 2012, nine of them had a follow-up ≥ 12 months and were included in this analysis. The primary endpoint was safety, evaluated by periprocedural adverse events, renal function and renal vascular abnormalities at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included changes in blood pressure obtained in office and in the number of anti-hypertensive drugs at 12 months. Results: Mean age was 48.8 ± 11.7 years. In the first case, there was a renal artery dissection caused by the vascular sheath. There were no cases of thrombosis, renal infarction or death. Serum creatinine levels did not increase during the follow-up period. At 6 months, one case of significant renal stenosis without clinical impact was diagnosed. The average reduction in office blood pressure was 41.1 ± 33.2/18.6 ± 15.2 mmHg (p = 0.04 for systolic blood pressure and p = 0.08 for diastolic blood pressure) and there was a mean reduction of 2.0 ± 2.3 in the number of anti-hypertensive drugs at 12 months (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Renal sympathetic denervation using the irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter proved to be feasible, safe and effective.

Background: Systemic hypertension is an important public health problem and a significant cause of cardiovascular mortality. Its high prevalence and the low rates of blood pressure control have resulted in the search for alternative therapeutic strategies. Percutaneous renal sympathetic denervation emerged as a perspective in the treatment of patients with resistant hypertension. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of renal denervation using an irrigated catheter. Methods: Ten patients with resistant hypertension underwent the procedure. The primary endpoint was safety, as assessed by periprocedural adverse events, renal function and renal vascular abnormalities at 6 months. The secondary endpoints were changes in blood pressure levels (office and ambulatory monitoring) and in the number of antihypertensive drugs at 6 months. Results: The mean age was 47.3 (± 12) years, and 90% of patients were women. In the first case, renal artery dissection occurred as a result of trauma due to the long sheath; no further cases were observed after technical adjustments, thus showing an effect of the learning curve. No cases of thrombosis/renal infarction or death were reported. Elevation of serum creatinine levels was not observed during follow-up. At 6 months, one case of significant renal artery stenosis with no clinical consequences was diagnosed. Renal denervation reduced office blood pressure levels by 14.6/6.6 mmHg, on average (p = 0.4 both for systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Blood pressure levels on ambulatory monitoring decreased by 28/17.6 mmHg (p = 0.02 and p = 0.07 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively). A mean reduction of 2.1 antihypertensive drugs was observed. Conclusion: Renal denervation is feasible and safe in the treatment of resistant systemic arterial hypertension. Larger studies are required to confirm our findings.

Background : The 3-year results of the Symplicity HTN-1 trial have shown the superiority of renal sympathetic denervation over drug treatment in patients with resistant hypertension. However, the eficacy of renal sympathetic denervation was not conirmed by Symplicity HTN-3, the irst sham-controlled study. Our objective was to report the safety and eficacy of renal sympathetic denervation using the irrigated rad iofrequency ablation catheter in patients with resistant hypertension. Methods: Twenty-one patients were submitted to the procedure since July 2012, nine of them had a follow-up  12 months and were included in this analysis. The primary endpoint was safety, evaluated by periprocedural adverse events, renal func tion and renal vascular abnormalities at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included changes in blood pressure obtained in ofice and in the number of anti-hyperten sive drugs at 12 months. Results: Mean age was 48.8  11.7 years. In the irst case, there was a renal artery dissection caused by the vascular sheath. There were no cases of thrombosis, renal infarction or death. Serum creatinine levels did not increase during the follow-up period. At 6 months, one case of signiicant renal stenosis without clinical impact was diagnosed. The average reduction in ofice blood pressure was 41.1  33.2/18.6  15.2 mmHg (p = 0.04 for systolic blood pressure and p = 0.08 for diastolic blood pressure) and there was a mean reduction of 2.0  2.3 in the number of anti-hyperten sive drugs at 12 months (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Renal sympathetic denervation using the irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter proved to be feasible, safe and effective.