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Introduction: A controlled protein intake has shown beneficial effects to preserve renal function and nutritional status in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study aimed to analyze usual dietary protein intake and its potential contribution to body composition in CKD patients in stages 3-5., Method: Cross-sectional study in 134 CKD patients in stages 3-5 (mean e-GFR: 19.4±8.7ml/min/1.73m 2 ; males 68.7% and primary CKD etiology was diabetes mellitus, 35.8%). Demographic, clinical and nutritional parameters were evaluated. Normalized protein nitrogen appearance (nPNA), was used as a surrogate marker of dietary protein intake. The sample was classified into three nPNA groups (G n ): G 1 : <0.8g/kg/day; G 2 : 0.8-1g/kg/day and, G 3 : ≥1g/kg/day. Assessment of nutritional status using the malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS), anthropometric measures and laboratory parameters. Analysis of body composition and hydration status by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIVA-101-RJL system). Statistical analysis by SPSS v.20., Results: Overall mean nPNA values were 0.91±0.23g of protein/kg BW/day and only 32.1% had a dietary protein intake <0.8g of protein/kg BW/day. Most of the CKD patients (65.5%) were in stages 4 or 5. Prevalence of protein-energy-wasting (PEW) syndrome measured by MIS was 15%. By analyzing differences between nPNA groups, body weight (BW), BMI and triceps-skinfold (TSF) thickness were significantly higher in the group with nPNA ≥1g/kg BW/day (G 3 ), whereas a significant inverse relationship was found with the percentages of body cell mass (BCM%), fat-free mass (FFM%), muscle mass (MM%) and phase angle (PA) in the group with the lowest nPNA (G 1 ). Analysis of gender among subjects showed significant differences with BW, FFM%, TSF and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC%). Linear regression analysis showed that resistance, BCM%, MM%, and serum albumin were significant predictors of nPNA as a surrogate marker of daily protein intake (R=0.51; R 2 =0.29; R 2 adjusted=0.23; p<0.001)., Conclusion: Controlled protein intake is one of the cornerstones of treatment in CKD patients. A low protein intake in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4-5 was associated with loss of muscle mass in the advanced-CKD unit. The loss of muscle mass appears as an early indicator of nutritional comprised. Factors such, elderly age and loss of eGFR, showed lower protein intake and were associated with muscle loss, especially in women. Further longitudinal studies are required to evaluate the contribution of different protein intakes to uremic symptoms, nutritional status, body composition and CKD progression., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

The aim of the study is to investigate the differences in body composition between differently trained men and women. This research included 159 participants (84 male and 75 female) divided into 5 groups according to activity level: PI - physically inactive, PA - physically active, SP - strength and power athletes, EA - endurance athletes, TS - team sports athletes. The testing procedure of measuring body composition was carried out by the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA, InBody 720). Of the statistical analysis, ANOVA and MANOVA were used. The results showed that there is a significant difference in body composition parameters between differently trained men and women (p = 0.000; F = 2.470; η² = 0.356, on average). Both in groups of men and women the biggest differences were observed between PI, EA and other groups (F = from 9.656 to -1.673, p = from 0.000 to 0.043; F = from 10.966 to 1.073, p = from 0.000 to 0.050, respectively). The results showed that every physical activity is beneficial from the aspect of body composition status and that the most crucial factor in improving body composition status is the regularity of physical activity. It has been shown that regular physical activity leads to a decrease in muscle fat and an increase in muscle mass and protein. Also, it has been shown that practicing a physical activity typical for endurance sports has the most significant positive impact on body composition status and leads to a significant decrease in body fat mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate body typologies based on a combination of basic anthropo-morphological characteristics and body composition measured by multichannel bioimpedance in a sample from the adult population of Lebanon. A total of 302 subjects (173 males and 129 females) without acute or chronic health disorders were included in the study. Body composition was measured by the multichannel bioelectrical impedance (BIA) method, using the i30 device (MEDIANA, Korea). The research used 10 variables, including three basic anthropo-morphological variables, three for assessing fat, three for assessing the muscle component, and one index variable. K-means cluster analysis was used to define five specific clusters (5D) of body types based on sex. In light of the results, the study established five distinct clusters representing five different body typologies among Lebanese adults, categorized by sex: Male sample, Group 1 – Obese Endomorph (15.61 %), Group 2 – Balanced Mesomorph (16.76 %), Group 3 – Short Endomorph (30.06 %), Group 4 – Short Mesomorph (34.10 %), and Group 5 – Pathological Obese Endomorph (3.47 %); Female sample, Group 1– Obese Endomorph (2.33 %), Group 2 – Short Endo/Mesomorph (28.68 %), Group 3 – Short Ectomorph (32.56 %), Group 4 – Endomorph (22.48 %), and Group 5 – Balanced Mesomorph (13.95 %). Furthermore, the results indicated that the primary factor contributing to the distinctions among the identified clusters in terms of sex is fat tissue. This leads to the conclusion that eating habits cause the given differences, rather than the level of physical activity, regardless of sex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. In the sports field, core stability is crucial for maintaining balance during the execution of specific movements. Few studies have determined the relationship between sports performance, stability, and muscle activity. Objective. To explore the relationship be-tween maximum oxygen consumption and factors such as electrical activity of core muscles, body composition, and core stability in university athletes. Materials and Methods. This descriptive and correlational cross-sectional study involved athletes from fourteen sports disciplines. Five variables were measured, including the maximum amplitude of electromyography of core muscles, the area of static and dynamic stability, and the percentage of muscle mass. Instruments such as wireless surface electromyography sensors, 3D inertial sensors, and ergoespirometry equipment were used. The software Jamovi v 2.3.28.0 was utilized for variable calculation. Results. There was a significant and positive correlation between the percentage of muscle mass, amplitude, and maximum oxygen consumption. When discriminated by sports discipline, differences were found in the studied variables. A positive and significant correlation was observed between maximum amplitude and muscle percentage in all sports, except football and softball. In rugby, a positive and significant correlation was found between muscle percentage and maximum oxygen consumption. No correlation was found between voltage amplitude and stability in athletes, indicating that sports stability is more complex than simply focusing on the core. Conclusion. The study redefines the understanding of stability and its connection to sports performance, providing insights for developing effective training strategies. It is necessary to consider body composition in the evaluation and planning of training to achieve more effective workouts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare dietary intake to published recommendations and to analyze the potential relationship between body composition and dietary intake in collegiate athletes. Eighteen healthy male middle-and longdistance runners (age 20.11 ± 2.72 y; height, 174.7 ± 6.1 cm; body mass, 64.0 ± 7.7 kg), were recruited from a Mexican university track and field team at the beginning of the general preparation phase for national competitions. Participants completed three 24-hour dietary recalls, which were used to estimate dietary intake. Body composition was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Athletes displayed high body fat values. Protein intake was significantly higher than published recommendations. Iron, zinc, sodium, and vitamin C intake were significantly higher than recommended values, while potassium and calcium intake were below established recommendations. No significant correlations between body composition variables (i.e body fat, lean body mass, bone mineral content) and dietary intake (i.e energy, macronutrients and selected vitamins and minerals) could be found. These findings suggest that coaches and practitioners should pay close attention to dietary intake and body composition of endurance athletes starting general preparation for competition. Future studies on changes of dietary intake and body composition during off-season and competitive phase, which also track physical activity, are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: low muscle mass (LMM) conditions the nutritional status of an individual and has implications for quality of life and prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate body composition and determine normal values in the diagnosis of LMM in a control group of healthy individuals. Methods: a cross-sectional study of healthy volunteers aged 18 to 45 years with body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2. A descriptive study was performed including demographic, clinical, anthropometric, and body composition variables (by bioimpedance, TANITA MC 780 MA; TANITA, Tokyo, Japan), stratified by age, sex and BMI. Values corresponding to -1/-2 standard deviations (SD) were determined to consider low muscle mass/function. Results: we included 67 patients, 71,60 % women, with a median age of 28.29 (IQR 4.05) years. Males presented higher weight, BMI, fat-free mass (FFM), muscle mass (MM), appendicular lean mass (ALM), appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and dynamometry values when compared to females. The -1/-2 SD values of the various muscle parameters were determined according to sex. Conclusion: this study determined normal LMM values in healthy and young people, and the most commonly used indexes to express it, which will allow the diagnosis of LMM in disease-related situations using the corresponding -2 DS value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sport & Health Research is the property of Journal of Sport & Health Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to determine body composition, body indexes and somatotype in handball players. Forty-eight players (21 men and 27 women) from a university team were evaluated. Anthropometric measurements were performed to obtain fat percentage, muscle mass, body indexes and somatotype. The results showed that the men had 11.82% body fat, with a meso-endomorphic somatotype. On the other hand, 22.49% and mesomorphic-endomorphic somatotype in women. These data are relevant to be able to make comparisons with top level players and to improve the body composition of athletes to try to achieve the best possible performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine and compare the body composition, bioelectric parameters, and handgrip strength in federated and recreational Chilean climbers. Thirteen Chilean climbers voluntarily participated, being 4 federated (25.75 ± 2.87 years) and 9 recreational (22.33 ± 1.41 years). Body composition was measured using a multifrequency octopolar bioelectrical impedance meter, while handgrip strength was determined with a dynamometer. Although there were no statistical differences in the body composition variables between groups, the trunk phase angle was statistically higher in the federated compared to the recreational climbers (p = 0,011 [95 % CI = 1,10; 5,20]). Regarding handgrip strength, the relative strength was higher for federated (p = 0,025 [95 % CI = 0,10; 0,22]), while the difference in strength between dominant and non-dominant hand was higher for recreational climbers (p = 0,012 [95 % CI = 1,60; 10,05]). This study is one of the first that explore the differences between federated and recreational Chilean climbers. These results suggest a differentiation at the level of phase angle and handgrip strength, which should be corroborated in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diaeta is the property of Asociacion Argentina de Dietistas & Nutricionistas Dietistas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. Thus, the variables that benefit performance and success have sparked great interest and occupy an essential role in the preparation of athletes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the body composition and proportionality according to categories and playing position. 111 male soccer players of the Chilean national soccer team under-15 (14.6±0.3 years), under-17 (16.3±0.5 years), under-20 (19.0±0.7 years), and elite (24.3±4.7 years) categories were evaluated through anthropometry. Values of body composition and proportionality were recorded and organized by position and category; significance was established at p<.05. For weight, goalkeepers had the highest for their position; under-20 players, the highest for their category (83.7±3.8 kg). Regarding height, elite and under-17 central defenders had the highest values (187.0±4.2 cm and 179.9±3.5 cm, respectively). Goalkeepers in all categories have the highest BMI values; the highest were observed in elite (25.1±1.3 kg/m2). Under-17 forwards/extremes had the highest values in terms of muscle mass percentage (60.5±8.0%), whereas under-15 fullbacks have the lowest values in terms of fat mass (9.6±0.7%). The players of the Chilean national soccer team have similar values to other researches with players of the same age and category; however, the younger categories have significant differences in the variables that provide advantages during a game with the elite category. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on equating physical conditions before promoting a player to the older categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass is a key body composition trait related to health and performance. Considering the relevance of lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass in soccer players, the assessment and monitoring of this variable with a low-cost tool would be of great value in order to improve performance through training and nutritional interventions. This study aimed to develop a multiple regression model in order to validate, through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, a novel equation to predict lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass in young soccer players using anthropometric variables. Forty-two soccer players of the Chilean National Team (age, 17.1±1.3 years; body mass, 70.0±6.8 kg; height, 175.0±6.6 cm) underwent anthropometrically and body composition assessments. Forward stepwise linear regression was used to develop the equation to estimate the lower-limb appendicular muscle mass. The estimated results were compared with measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The best predictor model to estimate lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass was (kg): (-21.268 + (0.087*height) - (0.853*middle thigh circumference) - (0.329*middle thigh skinfold) + (1.136*corrected middle thigh circumference) + (0.306*calf circumference)) (R2= 0.83). The lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass estimated by the equation and measured by DXA were similar (14.71±1.72 kg vs 14.76±1.89 kg, respectively), and have a good concordance according to Bland-Altman method (mean difference: 0.049 kg; 95 % IC: -1.481 to 1.578 kg) and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (0.91; 95 % CI: 0.85 - 0.96) methods. In conclusion, the predictive equation is a valid, easy to calculate, and a low-cost tool to predict lower-limbs appendicular muscle mass in young soccer players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sport & Health Research is the property of Journal of Sport & Health Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sport & Health Research is the property of Journal of Sport & Health Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Objective: to compare anthropometric equations with one that uses BIA to predict muscle mass in patients with SCA. Methods: 76 patients with ages from 22 to 72 years had their muscle mass estimated by the equation that employs BIA and by five anthropometric equations. The results were analyzed using Pearson's and intraclass correlation coefficient, the paired t test and the Bland-Altman plot. Results: the mean weight and height ± SD were 64.2 ± 14 kg and 1.61 m ± 8 cm, respectively. The equation proposed by Lee et al. (2000), which uses body weight and height measurements, produced the best results in predicting muscle mass, since a significant bias value was not detected, and both a stronger linear correlation (r = 0.94) and higher intraclass correlation (ICC = 0.93). Conclusion: this anthropometric equation can be used to reliably estimate and monitor decreases in muscle mass in people with SCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Introduction: among the surgical techniques that promote greater weight loss are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). These procedures generate changes in muscle mass (MM) and fat mass (FM). Objective: the aim of this study was to determine changes in body composition in patients undergoing RYGB and SG in a period of one-year after surgery. Methods: a cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in three clinical centers of bariatric surgery in the Metropolitan Region, Chile. Information on MM and FM was obtained through bioimpedance analysis of 96 women and 32 men, operated between 2013 and 2017. Results: RYGB operated subjects presented higher MM content preoperatively and at the end of the first year compared to SG. In the first six months, the loss for MM, FM and % total fat (%FM) was similar in both techniques. Men with RYGB present greater loss of MM and FM in the first trimester post-surgery than those who submitted to SG (p = 0.0453). Subjects submitted to RYGB presented higher weight and body mass index (BMI) in the preoperative (p = 0.0109); the BMI at the end was similar in both surgical techniques (p = 0.6936). The lost kilos of MM were greater in the subjects submitted to RYGB (p = 0.0042), however, the % loss of MM exceeds the recommended (up to 22%) in both techniques. Conclusion: the nutritional approach is necessary to increase protein intake pre- and post-surgery as well as physical activity in order to preserve this compartment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Satiety is a determining parameter in nutrient intake control, which in the long run impacts on body weight. Many athletes need strict control on their weight to achieve their aims of the season.Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the influence of satiety on body weight control and competitive anxiety in a university athletes population when they ingest ad libitum foods (SATIETY), or follow a nutritional dietary programme (DIET).Methods: The present study was a cohort study, in which 40 male university athletes participated. The assessment of body weight was done using the ISAK recommendations in its limited profile. The study of competitive anxiety was evaluated using the CSAI-2 questionnaire.Results: Results showed that the DIET group decreased significantly their body weight compared to the SATIETY group, they also obtained a significant improvement in their body composition, reducing fat mass. The SATIETY group didn't show significant reductions in fat mass. This group showed higher competitive anxiety values than the DIET group.Conclusions: The university athletes that follow an adapted and individualized diet seem to show improvements in their body composition and anxiety compared to those with ad libitum food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred and fifty seven male Caucasian ultraendurance athletes were recruited, pre-race, before different swimming, cycling, running and triathlon races. Fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometric methods in order to investigate whether the use of BIA or anthropometry would be useful under field conditions. Total body fat estimated using BIA was significantly high (P < 0.001) compared with anthropometry. When the results between BIA and anthropometry were compared, moderate to low levels of agreement were found. These results were in accordance with the differences found in the Bland-Altman analysis, indicating that the anthropometric equation of Ball et al. had the highest level of agreement (Bias = -3.0 ± 5.8 kg) with BIA, using Stewart et al. (Bias = -6.4 ± 6.3 kg), Faulkner (Bias = -4.7 ± 5.8 kg) and Wilmore-Siri (Bias = -4.8 ± 6.2 kg). The estimation of skeletal muscle mass using BIA was significantly (P < 0.001) above compared with anthropometry. The results of the ICC and Bland-Altman method showed that the anthropometric equation from Lee et al. (Bias = -5.4 ± 5.3 kg) produced the highest level of agreement. The combined method of Janssen et al. between anthropometry and BIA showed a lower level of agreement (Bias = -12.5 ± 5.7 kg). There was a statistically significant difference between the results derived from the equation of Lee et al. and Janssen et al. (P < 0.001). To summarise, the determination of body composition in ultra-endurance athletes using BIA reported significantly high values of fat and skeletal muscle mass when compared with anthropometric equations.Se reclutaron a 257 hombres caucasianos que eran atletas de alto rendimiento, antes de competir en diferentes pruebas triatlón de natación, ciclismo y carrera. Se estimaron la masa grasa y la masa de músculo esquelético utilizando un análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica (BIA) y métodos antropométricos con el fin de investigar si el uso de BIA o de la antropometría sería útil en tales condiciones de campo. La grasa corporal total estimada por BIA fue significativamente mayor en comparación con la antropometría (P < 0,001). Cuando se compararon los resultados entre BIA y antropometría, se encontraron niveles de concordancia bajos a moderados. Estos resultados concuerdan con las diferencias halladas con el análisis Bland-Altman, lo que indica que la ecuación antropométrica de Ball et al. posee el mayor grado de concordancia (desviación = -3,0 ± 5,8 kg) con BIA, con Stewart et al. (desviación = -6,4 ± 6,3 kg), Faulkner (desviación = -4,7 ± 5,8 kg) y Wilmore-Siri (desviación = -4,8 ± 6,2 kg). La estimación de la masa de músculo esquelético fue significativamente superior con BIAS que con antropometría (P < 0,001). Los resultados de la ICC y del método Bland-Altman muestran que la ecuación antropométrica de Lee et al. (desviación = -5,4 ± 5,3 kg) produjo el mayor grado de concordancia. El método combinado de Janssen et al. entre antropometría y BIA mostró el menor grado de concordancia (desviación = -12,5 ± 5,7 kg). Hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los resultados derivados de la ecuación de Lee et al. y de la de Janssen et al. (P < 0,001). En resumen, la determinación de la composición corporal en atletas de alto rendimiento utilizando BIA produjo valores significativamente mayores de masa grasa y músculo esquelético en comparación con las ecuaciones antropométricas.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a twelve-week aerobic dance-training program on the body composition parameters of young women. The sample of 59 young women belonged to one of two groups, an experimental (EXP) or a control (CON) group. The experimental group consisted of 29 female subjects (age 23.1±1.9 years, body height 164.4±6.1 cm, body weight 62.1±5.6 kg, BMI 23.0±2.2 kg/m²), while the control group was made up of 30 subjects (age 22.7±1.8 years, body height 165.3±6.2 cm, body weight 59.4±6.3 kg, BMI 21.7±1.7 kg/m²). To assess body compositions, the following measures were used: the overall sum of the upper body skinfolds, the overall sum of the lower body skinfolds, the overall sum of skinfolds of the upper and lower body, the percentage of body fat, the percentage of muscle mass in the body, body height and body weight. For all of the sums of skinfolds for the subjects of the EXP group, we noted a statistically significant decrease (p< 0.05) at the final measuring in relation to the initial measuring (ΣSFUPPER - 39.35 mm compared to 42.87 mm; Σ SFLOWER - 39.35mm compared to 49.88 mm; ΣTOTAL SF - 76.97 mm compared to 92.75 mm). In the case of BF%, a decrease was noted at the final measuring in relation to the initial one (20.37% compared to 22.66%), which was statistically significant (p< 0.05). On the basis of our results, we can conclude that aerobic dance decreases subcutaneous fatty tissue and body composition of the young women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To clarify whether a short-term whole body vibration (WBV) training has an effect on lean mass (LM) in the elderly. Method: 49 non-institutionalized elderly (20 men) participated in the study. Participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the WBV or control group. A total of 24 elderly trained squat positioned on a vibration platform 3 times per week for 11 weeks. LM at the whole body, upper and lower limbs was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the effects of the intervention on the studied variables and also to determinate the changes within group throughout the intervention period including age and height as covariates. Results: 11 weeks of WBV training led to no changes in none of the LM parameters. Conclusion: A short-term WBV therapy is not enough to cause significant changes on LM in non-institutionalized seniors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences exist between the dominant and non-dominant side in anthropometric measurements in the best Spanish badminton players, and to verify if the side of the body where the measurement was made could influence the calculation of body composition and somatotype. Forty-six elite badminton players voluntarily participated in the study, 31 were men (age=21.7±4.3 years) and 15 women (age=19.1±4.4 years). Anthropometric measurements consisting of 6 skinfolds, 3 lengths, 3 breadths and 5 girths, were taken on the dominant and non-dominant side of each participant. Body composition and somatotype were calculated with the values ??recorded on each side. No differences were found in the skinfolds or the lengths between the dominant and non-dominant side, as a result neither were significant differences found in the fat percentage (11.20 + 4.45% dominant; 11.12 ± 4.48%, non-dominant, ns). Values were higher (p <0.05) in bone breadths and girths on the dominant side. Bone percentage was greater when calculated from measurements on the dominant side (dominant=16.37±1.14%, non-dominant=15.66±1.12%; p<0.001). Muscle percentage was higher when calculated from measurements on the non-dominant side (dominant=49.39+2.60%, non-dominant=50.18±2.69%; p<0.001). In conclusion we can confirm that there are body asymmetries in high level badminton players, because differences were found in bone breadths and girths between the dominant and non-dominant side. When calculating the body composition with the badminton players' dominant side, bone percentage was overestimated and muscle percentage was underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Youth soccer is becoming increasingly professionalized to the point of being admitted to adult teams playing in the top leagues. For this to happen it is necessary that young athletes are physically fit to meet the physical demands of professional soccer. Anthropometric assessment was performed in a total of 217 subjects divided into two groups, sub 16 and sub 17. The young players have differences in body structure with respect to professional players, showing a lack of sports development and maturation, which the evidence, the less physically fit to face the physical demands are typical of professional soccer. The muscle mass of subjects is less than professional players, so they are not suitable for inclusion in the professional team in competition matches, with the risk of injury and having a lower physical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Somatotype and body composition is a necessary assessment in sports competition and training control. The purpose of this work was to determine the fat mass, the muscle mass and anthropometric somatotype of 11 sport climbers by means of anthropometric methods for body composition (Faulkner, Carter and Durnin & Womersley algorithms), anthropometric somatotype (Heath-Carter), and bioelectrical impedance analysis for muscle mass (Janssen and Kyle formulae). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine differences among fat percentages. Fat percentage obtained via Durnin & Womersley's equation was different versus Carter's equation in males (7.51% v/s 5.42%) meanwhile in females this percentage was different respect to Faulkner's equation (14.4% versus 12.58%; p<0.05). Muscle mass percentage in males (45.52%) was higher than in females (34.28%). In males the somatotype was endo-mesomorphic ( 1.34 - 5.22 - 3.05), whereas females were best described as mesoectomorphic (1.65 - 3.35 - 3.71). These results can be considered as a reference values in body composition and somatotype in elite climbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred and fifty seven male Caucasian ultraendurance athletes were recruited, pre-race, before different swimming, cycling, running and triathlon races. Fat mass and skeletal muscle mass were estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and anthropometric methods in order to investigate whether the use of BIA or anthropometry would be useful under field conditions. Total body fat estimated using BIA was significantly high (P < 0.001) compared with anthropometry. When the results between BIA and anthropometry were compared, moderate to low levels of agreement were found. These results were in accordance with the differences found in the Bland-Altman analysis, indicating that the anthropometric equation of Ball et al. had the highest level of agreement (Bias = -3.0 ± 5.8 kg) with BIA, using Stewart et al. (Bias = -6.4 ± 6.3 kg), Faulkner (Bias = -4.7 ± 5.8 kg) and Wilmore-Siri (Bias = -4.8 ± 6.2 kg). The estimation of skeletal muscle mass using BIA was significantly (P < 0.001) above compared with anthropometry. The results of the ICC and Bland-Altman method showed that the anthropometric equation from Lee et al. (Bias = -5.4 ± 5.3 kg) produced the highest level of agreement. The combined method of Janssen et al. between anthropometry and BIA showed a lower level of agreement (Bias = -12.5 ± 5.7 kg). There was a statistically significant difference between the results derived from the equation of Lee et al. and Janssen et al. (P < 0.001). To summarise, the determination of body composition in ultra-endurance athletes using BIA reported significantly high values of fat and skeletal muscle mass when compared with anthropometric equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The quantification of muscle mass is an area of study that addresses various scientific disciplines from health and sport science as a component of body mass that is in close connection with aspects of health and athletic performance. A variety of methods and equations for their estimation, but implementing them is not always the most appropriate. The purpose of our study is to determine the muscle mass of 37 badminton players of Spain, through anthropometric techniques and finding the most appropriate for this population. We studied 37 badminton players follow the protocol ISAK. Anthropometric variables were evaluated: weight, height, girth, breadth, lengths, heights and skin fold. For the fractionation of body composition in four components were combined different formulas to find the strategy that best fits and matches the estimated weight scale. We used the Wurch's formula for residual mass, Rocha's for bone mass, Brozek's fat mass and to the muscle mass was concluded that the most appropriate for this population with those of Kerr's. Body composition was estimated for our population: 10.8% bone mass, 15.3% residual mass, 13.2% fat mass and 44.9% muscle mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study has as objective to describe behavior of the different components of functionality and muscular mass, in institutionalized older people. Because levels of muscular mass have been associated with reduced levels of force, activity, functionality, depression of the immune function and increase of the morbidity and mortality risk. Were evaluated 152 elderly people older than 60 years old, men and women, of 14 geriatric centers of the Gran Caracas. Anthropometrical variable was measured to value the muscular mass and the body mass index. It was evaluated: hand isometric force, walking time 4.88 m and getting up of a seat. Descriptive statistic was carried out for all the variables, t of Student, Anova and Scheffé. It was observed that 80 years older elderly as well as, women present higher levels of disability, performed motor activities (to walk and to get up of a seat and a impair in physical conditions (lean mass and muscular strength) that interfere with functional status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]