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Background: Charcot osteoarthropathy of the foot (COA) can currently only be treated using prolonged periods of immobilization of the affected extremity. Therefore, the hypothesis is that COA leads to altered body composition and increased sarcopenia., Objective: To investigate the changes over several years in sarcopenia, body composition, and fat distribution in diabetes patients with previous COA compared to diabetes patients without previous COA., Methods: Prospective observational clinical study. Twenty-one subjects were included and had two DXA scans done with mean 8.6-year intervals to compare changes in lean mass and fat distribution. The lean mass of limbs was used as an estimate of appendicular lean mass (aLM). Fat mass and aLM were then used to detect sarcopenic individuals using different methods. Results and Conclusions . As compared to baseline, both groups had significant loss of lean mass, and diabetics without COA had significant gain of total fat percentage. No statistically different prevalence of sarcopenia between the groups could be established. Likewise, no difference was found in total lean and fat mass changes. None of the groups had statistically significant changes of android fat distribution. As compared with published data on sarcopenia, people with diabetes might be more prone to sarcopenia than healthy individuals., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Michael Zaucha Sørensen et al.)

Background: Treatment of Charcot osteoarthropathy (COA) requires restricted walking and offloading for several months, which lead to fat re-distribution and increased sarcopenia., Objectives/aim: To investigate whether subjects with COA have an altered body composition compared to controls., Methods: Cross-sectional case-control study of people with diabetes with acute or chronic Charcot osteoarthropathy, matched with otherwise healthy people with diabetes. A total of 49 subjects (distribution ~1:1) had a total body DXA-scanning, measuring appendicular lean mass, android/gynoid and truncal/total body fat distribution ratios., Results: Sarcopenia frequency was higher in the total population with diabetes overall (9-40%), compared to normal materials. Using two different models for correlating appendicular lean mass to sarcopenia, there were no differences in sarcopenia-rates between the groups (P=0.413 and 0.948 respectively). There was no significant difference in lean tissue mass between the affected and the unaffected leg in the immobilised subject group (P=0.830). The average fat percentage was (29.4-37.7%) in the population with diabetes, compared to a matching background population (24.5-31.9%), whereas there were no significant differences found between the groups (P=0.065). Neither truncal/total fat percent nor android/gynoid fat percent ratios showed differences between the groups., Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first published dataset investigating body composition in subjects with Charcot osteoarthropathy. The study population of diabetics were more fat and sarcopenic than normal subjects, whereas no statistically significant impact of Charcot osteoarthropathy was found., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The accuracy of body-composition measurements in vivo by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was assessed in seven pigs (weight: 35-95 kg) by measurement by DEXA in vivo and chemical analysis after postmortem homogenization. The regression lines between these measurements were not significantly different from the line of identity (P > 0.05), the r values were > 0.97, and the corresponding SEEs were 2.9%, 1.9 kg, and 2.7 kg for percent fat, fat tissue mass, and lean body mass, respectively. Changes in fat and lean tissue mass (simulated by placing 8.8 kg porcine lard on the trunk of six women) were accurately measured by DEXA. The measured total-body bone mineral (TBBM) was significantly affected by the lard (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DEXA is an accurate method for measurement of soft-tissue body composition. TBBM measurements in longitudinal studies may, however, be difficult to interpret if considerable change in soft-tissue composition has occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]