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Your search keyword '"Fewlass, H."' showing total 5 results
Start Over Author "Fewlass, H." Topic bone and bones
5 results on '"Fewlass, H."'

1. Ancient human DNA recovered from a Palaeolithic pendant.

Author

Essel E, Zavala EI, Schulz-Kornas E, Kozlikin MB, Fewlass H, Vernot B, Shunkov MV, Derevianko AP, Douka K, Barnes I, Soulier MC, Schmidt A, Szymanski M, Tsanova T, Sirakov N, Endarova E, McPherron SP, Hublin JJ, Kelso J, Pääbo S, Hajdinjak M, Soressi M, and Meyer M

Subjects
Animals, Female, Humans, Archaeology methods, Deer genetics, DNA, Mitochondrial analysis, DNA, Mitochondrial isolation & purification, History, Ancient, Siberia, Caves, Russia, Bone and Bones chemistry, DNA, Ancient analysis, DNA, Ancient isolation & purification, Tooth chemistry
Abstract

Artefacts made from stones, bones and teeth are fundamental to our understanding of human subsistence strategies, behaviour and culture in the Pleistocene. Although these resources are plentiful, it is impossible to associate artefacts to specific human individuals 1 who can be morphologically or genetically characterized, unless they are found within burials, which are rare in this time period. Thus, our ability to discern the societal roles of Pleistocene individuals based on their biological sex or genetic ancestry is limited 2-5 . Here we report the development of a non-destructive method for the gradual release of DNA trapped in ancient bone and tooth artefacts. Application of the method to an Upper Palaeolithic deer tooth pendant from Denisova Cave, Russia, resulted in the recovery of ancient human and deer mitochondrial genomes, which allowed us to estimate the age of the pendant at approximately 19,000-25,000 years. Nuclear DNA analysis identifies the presumed maker or wearer of the pendant as a female individual with strong genetic affinities to a group of Ancient North Eurasian individuals who lived around the same time but were previously found only further east in Siberia. Our work redefines how cultural and genetic records can be linked in prehistoric archaeology., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
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2. Saving Old Bones: a non-destructive method for bone collagen prescreening.

Author

Sponheimer M, Ryder CM, Fewlass H, Smith EK, Pestle WJ, and Talamo S

Subjects
Archaeology methods, Humans, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared methods, Bone and Bones chemistry, Collagen analysis, Fossils
Abstract

Bone collagen is an important material for radiocarbon, paleodietary, and paleoproteomic analyses, but it degrades over time, making such analyses more difficult with older material. Collagen preservation between and within archaeological sites is also variable, so that much time, effort, and money can go into the preparation and initial analysis of samples that will not yield meaningful results. To avoid this, various methods are employed to prescreen bone for collagen preservation (e.g., %N, microporosity, and FTIR spectroscopic analyses), but these are often destructive and/or require exportation for analysis. Here, we explore near-infrared spectroscopy as a tool for gauging the collagen content of ground and whole bone from about 500 to 45,000 years ago. We show that a portable spectrometer's ability to quantify collagen content and classify specimens by preservation status is comparable to that of other popular prescreening methods. Moreover, near-infrared spectroscopy is non-destructive and spectra can be acquired in a few seconds.

Published
2019
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3. Pretreatment and gaseous radiocarbon dating of 40-100 mg archaeological bone.

Author

Fewlass H, Tuna T, Fagault Y, Hublin JJ, Kromer B, Bard E, and Talamo S

Subjects
Carbon Radioisotopes analysis, Archaeology methods, Bone and Bones chemistry, Radiometric Dating methods
Abstract

Radiocarbon dating archaeological bone typically requires 300-1000 mg material using standard protocols. We report the results of reducing sample size at both the pretreatment and 14 C measurement stages for eight archaeological bones spanning the radiocarbon timescale at different levels of preservation. We adapted our standard collagen extraction protocol specifically for <100 mg bone material. Collagen was extracted at least twice (from 37-100 mg material) from each bone. Collagen aliquots containing <100 μg carbon were measured in replicate using the gas ion source of the AixMICADAS. The effect of sample size reduction in the EA-GIS-AMS system was explored by measuring 14 C of collagen containing either ca. 30 μg carbon or ca. 90 μg carbon. The gas dates were compared to standard-sized graphite dates extracted from large amounts (500-700 mg) of bone material pretreated with our standard protocol. The results reported here demonstrate that we are able to reproduce accurate radiocarbon dates from <100 mg archaeological bone material back to 40,000 BP.

Published
2019
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4. Pretreatment and gaseous radiocarbon dating of 40–100 mg archaeological bone

Author

Helen Fewlass, Sahra Talamo, Bernd Kromer, Edouard Bard, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Yoann Fagault, Thibaut Tuna, Department of Human Evolution [Leipzig], Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Heidelberg University, Max Planck Society, College de France, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Heidelberg, Collège de France - Chaire Evolution du climat et de l'océan, Collège de France - Chaire internationale Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Fewlass H., Tuna T., Fagault Y., Hublin J.-J., Kromer B., Bard E., Talamo S., and Fewlass, Helen

Subjects
Radiocarbon dating, 0301 basic medicine, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, chemistry.chemical_element, lcsh:Medicine, Bone and Bones, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Bone material, Carbon Radioisotopes, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Extraction (chemistry), Radiometric Dating, lcsh:R, Archaeology, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Standard protocol, lcsh:Q, Carbon, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Radiocarbon dating archaeological bone typically requires 300-1000 mg material using standard protocols. We report the results of reducing sample size at both the pretreatment and 14 C measurement stages for eight archaeological bones spanning the radiocarbon timescale at different levels of preservation. We adapted our standard collagen extraction protocol specifically for

Published
2019
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5. Pluridisciplinary evidence for burial for the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal child

Author

Catherine Schwab, Bruno Maureille, Antoine Balzeau, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Helen Fewlass, Camille Daujeard, Christelle Lahaye, Alain Turq, Sahra Talamo, Guillaume Guérin, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Matthias Meyer, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Frido Welker, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-UCM, Madrid, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, FRANCE), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale, Sociedad de ciencias Aranzadi (SCA), Ignacio Zuloaga Enparantza, Balzeau A., Turq A., Talamo S., Daujeard C., Guerin G., Welker F., Crevecoeur I., Fewlass H., Hublin J.-J., Lahaye C., Maureille B., Meyer M., Schwab C., Gomez-Olivencia A., University of Bologna, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), IT University of Copenhagen, UCM, Madrid-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 010506 paleontology, Neanderthal, Taphonomy, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Burial, Neanderthal, Radiocarbon, Science, Context (language use), DNA, Mitochondrial, 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Mass Spectrometry, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, biology.animal, Animals, Humans, Radiocarbon dating, History, Ancient, Zooarchaeology, Neanderthals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Palaeontology, Paleontology, Geology, Hominidae, Archaeology, Geochemistry, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, Ancient DNA, Child, Preschool, Western europe, Châtelperronian, Medicine, Molecular evolution, France
Abstract

The origin of funerary practices has important implications for the emergence of so-called modern cognitive capacities and behaviour. We provide new multidisciplinary information on the archaeological context of the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal skeleton (grand abri of La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France), including geochronological data -14C and OSL-, ZooMS and ancient DNA data, geological and stratigraphic information from the surrounding context, complete taphonomic study of the skeleton and associated remains, spatial information from the 1968–1973 excavations, and new (2014) fieldwork data. Our results show that a pit was dug in a sterile sediment layer and the corpse of a two-year-old child was laid there. A hominin bone from this context, identified through Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) and associated with Neandertal based on its mitochondrial DNA, yielded a direct 14C age of 41.7–40.8 ka cal BP (95%), younger than the 14C dates of the overlying archaeopaleontological layers and the OSL age of the surrounding sediment. This age makes the bone one of the most recent directly dated Neandertals. It is consistent with the age range for the Châtelperronian in the site and in this region and represents the third association of Neandertal taxa to Initial Upper Palaeolithic lithic technocomplex in Western Europe. A detailed multidisciplinary approach, as presented here, is essential to advance understanding of Neandertal behavior, including funerary practices.

Published
2020
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