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14 years ago the first results of the clinical trials phase I with bortezomib were published, the first proteasome inhibitor; its introduction into clinical practice meant an improvement in complete remission rates, of global survival and free progression in patients with multiple myeloma. Its benefits are not limited to the group of relapsed or refractory patients with this diagnosis but also to eligible patients or not ready for hematopoietic cell transplantation as a treatment of induction, consolidation and maintenance. Recently a group of proteasome inhibitors of second generation, offering the possibility of oral administration and enforcement in cases where resistance is tested to other inhibitors of proteasome, have been introduced in the clinic. Today inhibitors of proteasome are a promising therapeutic target in the management of some varieties of non-Hodgkin lymphomas.