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16 results on '"Constans, J"'

1. MRI texture analysis on texture test objects, normal brain and intracranial tumors.

Author

Herlidou-Même S, Constans JM, Carsin B, Olivie D, Eliat PA, Nadal-Desbarats L, Gondry C, Le Rumeur E, Idy-Peretti I, and de Certaines JD

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Brain pathology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Brain anatomy & histology, Brain Neoplasms pathology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods
Abstract

Texture analysis was performed in three different MRI units on T1 and T2-weighted MR images from 10 healthy volunteers and 63 patients with histologically confirmed intracranial tumors. The goal of this study was a multicenter evaluation of the usefulness of this quantitative approach for the characterization of healthy and pathologic human brain tissues (white matter, gray matter, cerebrospinal fluid, tumors and edema). Each selected brain region of interest was characterized with both its mean gray level values and several texture parameters. Multivariate statistical analyses were then applied in order to discriminate each brain tissue type represented by its own set of texture parameters. Texture analysis was previously performed on test objects to evaluate the method dependence on acquisition parameters and consequently the interest of a multicenter evaluation. Even obtained on different sites with their own acquisition routine protocol, MR brain images contain textural features that can reveal discriminant factors for tissue classification and image segmentation. It can also offer additional information in case of undetermined diagnosis or to develop a more accurate tumor grading.

Published
2003
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2. [Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in schizophrenia].

Author

Delamillieure P, Constans JM, Fernandez J, and Dollfus S

Subjects
Humans, Brain metabolism, Hydrogen metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Phosphorus metabolism, Schizophrenia metabolism
Abstract

Numerous studies have shown alterations of some structures and/or cerebral functions in patients with schizophrenia. However, the nature of the neurobiological process which could be at the origin of schizophrenic symptoms is still unknown. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a unique technique which allows us to estimate the concentrations of endogenous substances which contain natural paramagnetic nuclei such as phosphorus (31P) and hydrogen (proton or 1H). The non invasive character of this technique, the absence of side effects, and the possibility of repetitive evaluations allowing for longitudinal studies, make possible MRS studies on the in vivo cerebral metabolism in schizophrenia. The prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus and the basal ganglia have all been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Therefore these brain regions have been frequently studied using MRS. Both proton and phosphorus spectroscopy have been used to study schizophrenia. Compounds that are detectable by 1H-MRS include N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (ml). A deficit in NAA has been consistently shown in both the frontal and temporal lobes suggesting neuronal loss in these areas. Compounds detectable by 31P-MRS include phosphomonoesters (PMEs) and phosphodiesters (PDEs), which largely represent metabolites generated by lipid turnover. 31P-MRS can also detect certain energy-containing phosphorus metabolites such as phosphocreatine (PCr) and nucleotide triphosphates. Decreased levels of PMEs and increased levels of PDEs have been consistently described in the prefrontal lobes suggesting an alteration of phospholipid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research on schizophrenia using MRS, to show the utility of this technique in understanding schizophrenia.

Published
2000

3. Regional gray and white matter metabolite differences in subjects with AD, with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia, and elderly controls with 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.

Author

MacKay S, Meyerhoff DJ, Constans JM, Norman D, Fein G, and Weiner MW

Subjects
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analysis of Variance, Aspartic Acid analogs & derivatives, Aspartic Acid metabolism, Choline metabolism, Creatine metabolism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dementia, Vascular etiology, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Male, Middle Aged, Phosphocreatine metabolism, Protons, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Brain metabolism, Brain Ischemia complications, Cerebral Cortex blood supply, Dementia, Vascular metabolism, Nerve Tissue metabolism
Abstract

Objective: To use 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging to study differences in neuron density (N-acetylaspartate [NAA]), membrane phospholipid metabolites (choline [Cho]), and creatine-containing metabolites (creatine plus phosphocreatine [Cr]) in subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD), with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD), and elderly controls., Design: Cross-sectional, between groups., Setting: A Veterans Affairs medical center and university memory clinic., Participants: Forty elderly subjects with AD (n = 14), with SIVD (n = 8), and elderly controls (n = 18)., Main Outcome Measures: We used 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging to acquire spectra from a 80 x 100 x 17-mm volume superior to the lateral ventricles. Spectra were analyzed from voxels in anterior, medial, and posterior gray and white matter using nuclear magnetic resonance-1 and the results were compared between groups using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's test, and individual Student's t tests., Results: Using ANOVA, significantly lower levels of NAA/Cho and NAA/Cr and significantly higher levels of Cho/Cr were observed across both gray and white matter voxels in subjects with AD. Using individual Student's t tests, a significantly lower level of NAA/Cho and a higher level of Cho/Cr were observed in the posterior gray matter in subjects with AD. Using ANOVA in subjects with SIVD, significantly lower gray and white matter NAA/Cr levels were observed. Using Tukey's test, the NAA/Cr level was significantly lower in frontal white matter voxels in subjects with SIVD compared with controls., Conclusions: Our findings in subjects with AD suggest neuron loss in gray matter, axon loss in white matter, and altered Cho metabolism in posterior brain regions. Our findings in subjects with SIVD are consistent with higher levels of creatine-containing metabolites and/or lower levels of NAA in frontal white matter.

Published
1996
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4. [Functional imaging of the brain].

Author

Baron JC and Constans JM

Subjects
Brain Diseases diagnosis, Brain Neoplasms diagnosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Echoencephalography, Electroencephalography, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Forecasting, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Angiography, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Brain physiology, Brain Diseases physiopathology, Brain Neoplasms physiopathology, Cerebrovascular Disorders diagnosis, Diagnostic Imaging methods
Published
1996

5. Axonal injury and membrane alterations in Alzheimer's disease suggested by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.

Author

Meyerhoff DJ, MacKay S, Constans JM, Norman D, Van Dyke C, Fein G, and Weiner MW

Subjects
Aged, Aging metabolism, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Aspartic Acid analogs & derivatives, Aspartic Acid metabolism, Axons metabolism, Brain anatomy & histology, Cerebral Cortex metabolism, Cerebral Ventricles anatomy & histology, Choline metabolism, Creatine metabolism, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Alzheimer Disease diagnosis, Brain metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Abstract

We used spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in 8 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease and in 10 age-matched elderly control subjects to assess the effects of Alzheimer's disease on the brain. On magnetic resonance images the patients showed significant ventricular enlargements relative to the control subjects. We measured the distribution and relative signal intensities of N-acetylaspartate (a putative neuronal marker), of choline residues representing lipid metabolites, and of creatine-containing metabolites in a large section of the centrum semiovale containing white and mesial gray matter. Throughout the white matter of the patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to elderly control subjects, N-acetylaspartate was decreased relative to choline (N-acetylaspartate-choline ratio) and creatine-containing metabolites (N-acetylaspartate-creatine ratio) with no changes in the choline-creatine ratio. The N-acetylaspartate-choline ratio was lower and choline-creatine higher in the mesial gray matter of AD patients relative to elderly controls. The posterior section of the centrum semiovale in the patients showed increased choline-creatine and choline-N-acetylaspartate ratios with the N-acetylaspartate-creatine ratio unchanged between the patients and control subjects. These spectroscopic findings give suggestive evidence of diffuse axonal injury and membrane alterations in gray and white matter of the centrum semiovale in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Published
1994
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15. Brain MRI Findings in Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Observational Study

Author

Kremer, S. (Stéphane), Boulay, C. (Clotilde), de Sèze, J. (Jérome), Ferré, J. (Jean-Christophe), Maamar, A. (Adel), Carsin-Nicol, B. (Béatrice), Collange, O. (Olivier), Bonneville, F. (Fabrice), Adam, G. (Gilles), Martin-Blondel, G. (Guillaume), Rafiq, M. (Marie), Geeraerts, T. (Thomas), Delamarre, L. (Louis), Grand, S. (Sylvie), Krainik, A. (Alexandre), Kremer, S. (Stephane), Alleg, M. (Manel), Anheim, M. (Mathieu), Anxionnat, R. (René), Ardellier, F. (François-Daniel), Baloglu, S. (Seyyid), Bapst, B. (Blanche), Benzakoun, J. (Joseph), Berge, J. (Jérome), Bolognini, F. (Federico), Bornet, G. (Grégoire), Boulouis, G. (Grégoire), Boutet, C. (Claire), Brisset, J. (Jean Christophe), Caillard-ohlmann, S. (Sophie), Carré, S. (Sophie), Comby, P. (Pierre-Olivier), Constans, J. (Jean Marc), David, J. (Jean-Stéphane), de Beaurepaire, I. (Isaure), De Seze, J. (Jerome), Desal, H. (Hubert), Edjlali-Goujon, M. (Myriam), Fabre, X. (Xavier), Fafi-Kremer, S. (Samira), Feuerstein, P. (Philippe), Henry Feugeas, M. (Marie-Cécile), Forestier, G. (Géraud), Gaudemer, A. (Augustin), Hansmann, Y. (Yves), Heintz, A. (Adrien), Boisrame, J. (Julie), Hemmert, C. (Céline), Hmeydia, G. (Ghazi), Jager, L. (Lavinia), Kazémi, A. (Apolline), Kerleroux, B. (Basile), Khalil, A. (Antoine), Lacalm, A. (Audrey), Lecler, A. (Augustin), Lecocq, C. (Claire), Lefebvre, N. (Nicolas), Lersy, F. (François), Matthieu, M. (Muriel), Megdiche, I. (Imen), Mertes, P. (Paul-michel), Messié, J. (Julien), Metanbou, S. (Serge), Meyer, N. (Nicolas), Meziani, F. (Ferhat), Mutschler, V. (Veronique), Nesser, P. (Patrick), Oesterlé, H. (Hélène), Ohana, M. (Mickaël), Oppenheim, C. (Catherine), Pyatigorskaya, N. (Nadya), Ricolfi, F. (Frédéric), Saleme, S. (Suzana), Schenck, M. (Maleka), Schmitt, E. (Emmanuelle), Schneider, F. (Francis), Sebag, N. (Nathan), Talla Mba, Y. (Yannick), Thouant, P. (Pierre), Willaume, T. (Thibault), Zhu, F. (François), Zorn, P. (Pierre-Emmanuel), Cotton, F. (François), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Radiologie [CHU de Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Service des maladies infectieuses et réanimation médicale [Rennes] = Infectious Disease and Intensive Care [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], CHU Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Centre hospitalier de Haguenau, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy (CHU Nancy), CHU Henri Mondor, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar, Hôpital Privé d'Antony, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Observatoire Français de la Sclérose En Plaques [Lyon] (OFSEP), Immuno-Rhumatologie Moléculaire, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier de Roanne (CH Roanne), CH de Roanne, Groupe hospitalier de la région de Mulhouse Sud-Alsace (GHRMSA), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Limoges, CHU Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Hôpital Marie-Madeleine [Forbach], CHU Lille, Hôpital de la Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Les Hôptaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Nanomédecine Régénérative (NanoRegMed), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ferré, Jean-Christophe, and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Neurosciences [q-bio.NC], Adolescent, Pneumonia, Viral, Gastroenterology, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Temporal lobe, White matter, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Betacoronavirus, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebrospinal fluid, Internal medicine, Intensive care, medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 10. No inequality, Child, Pandemics, Fisher's exact test, Aged, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, COVID-19, Retrospective cohort study, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Venous thrombosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neuroradiology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, symbols, Female, business, Coronavirus Infections
Abstract

International audience; BackgroundBrain MRI parenchymal signal abnormalities have been associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).PurposeTo describe the neuroimaging findings (excluding ischemic infarcts) in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients evaluated from March 23, 2020, to April 27, 2020, at 16 hospitals. Inclusion criteria were (a) positive nasopharyngeal or lower respiratory tract reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays, (b) severe COVID-19 infection defined as a requirement for hospitalization and oxygen therapy, (c) neurologic manifestations, and (d) abnormal brain MRI findings. Exclusion criteria were patients with missing or noncontributory data regarding brain MRI or brain MRI showing ischemic infarcts, cerebral venous thrombosis, or chronic lesions unrelated to the current event. Categorical data were compared using the Fisher exact test. Quantitative data were compared using the Student t test or Wilcoxon test. P < .05 represented a significant difference.ResultsThirty men (81%) and seven women (19%) met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 61 years ± 12 (standard deviation) (age range, 8–78 years). The most common neurologic manifestations were alteration of consciousness (27 of 37, 73%), abnormal wakefulness when sedation was stopped (15 of 37, 41%), confusion (12 of 37, 32%), and agitation (seven of 37, 19%). The most frequent MRI findings were signal abnormalities located in the medial temporal lobe in 16 of 37 patients (43%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27%, 59%), nonconfluent multifocal white matter hyperintense lesions seen with fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted sequences with variable enhancement, with associated hemorrhagic lesions in 11 of 37 patients (30%; 95% CI: 15%, 45%), and extensive and isolated white matter microhemorrhages in nine of 37 patients (24%; 95% CI: 10%, 38%). A majority of patients (20 of 37, 54%) had intracerebral hemorrhagic lesions with a more severe clinical presentation and a higher admission rate in intensive care units (20 of 20 patients [100%] vs 12 of 17 patients without hemorrhage [71%], P = .01) and development of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (20 of 20 patients [100%] vs 11 of 17 patients [65%], P = .005). Only one patient had SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid.ConclusionPatients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 and without ischemic infarcts had a wide range of neurologic manifestations that were associated with abnormal brain MRI scans. Eight distinctive neuroradiologic patterns were described.

Published
2020

16. [Comparative in vitro action of various antimitotic agents on cell lines established from human brain neoplasms]

Author

G, Brouty-Boye and Constans J-P

Subjects
Brain Neoplasms, Brain, Humans, Antineoplastic Agents, Glioma, In Vitro Techniques, Embryo, Mammalian, Meningioma, Cell Division, Cells, Cultured, Cell Line, Teniposide
Abstract

The effects of six chemotherapeutic drugs currently used in human gliomas treatment were tested with an in vitro cytotoxicity test. Out of six, VM 26 proved to be the most potent against tumor cells along with a moderate cytotoxicity against normal brain or embryonnic human cells. This specificity did not seem to be related to differences in cellular growth rates.

Published
1976

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