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Aim of the study. To investigate in a cross-sectional study the correlations of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Material and methods. OCT parameters include the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC). Brain magnetic resonance volumetry (T2- and T1-lesions volume, whole brain volume and grey matter volume) was evaluated using the Icobrain program. Clinical data was compared according to the history of optic neuritis (HON). Correlations were determined between OCT parameters and demographic (age, gender), clinical (disease duration, Expanded Disability Status Scale score [EDSS]), and MRI data. Results. Out of 83 recruited people with MS, 27 had HON. The mean age of 75 patients with non-ON eyes was 42.08 ± 10.36 years, and 70.67% of the sample were females. Significant correlations were found between pRNFL and disability, along with several brain MRI-volumetry variables (Fluid-attenuated Inversion Recovery lesions volume [FLAIR]; T1-hypointense lesions volume; T1-lesions volume change; T1-volume lesions enlarging; whole brain volume; whole brain volume normative percentile; and volume of periventricular lesions). Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that age, pRNFL and GCC were significantly associated with T1-hypointense lesions volume change (the model explained 24% of the overall variance of the dependent variable). Conclusions. The pRFNL value correlates with disability and brain MRI-volumetric parameters in MS patients, serving as a useful neurodegeneration and inflammation surrogate marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]