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We investigated the influence and relative importance of insecticides and other agricultural stressors in determining variability in invertebrate communities in small streams in intensive soy-production regions of Brazil and Paraguay. In Paraguay we sampled 17 sites on tributaries of the Pirapó River in the state of Itapúa and in Brazil we sampled 18 sites on tributaries of the San Francisco River in the state of Paraná. The riparian buffer zones generally contained native Atlantic forest remnants and/or introduced tree species at various stages of growth. In Brazil the stream buffer width was negatively correlated with sediment insecticide concentrations and buffer width was found to have moderate importance in mitigating effects on some sensitive taxa such as mayflies. However, in both regions insecticides had low relative importance in explaining variability in invertebrate communities, while various habitat parameters were more important. In Brazil, the percent coverage of soft depositional sediment in streams was the most important agriculture-related explanatory variable, and the overall stream-habitat score was the most important variable in Paraguay streams. Paraguay and Brazil both have laws requiring forested riparian buffers. The ample forested riparian buffer zones typical of streams in these regions are likely to have mitigated the effects of pesticides on stream invertebrate communities. This study provides evidence that riparian buffer regulations in the Atlantic Forest region are protecting stream ecosystems from pesticides and other agricultural stressors. Further studies are needed to determine the minimum buffer widths necessary to achieve optimal protection., Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet"

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-11T17:20:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-12 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Background Arboviruses and protozoans can cause neurologic disorders in horses. In Brazilian Amazon, several horses presenting signs compatible with disorders caused by these infectious agents have been observed. Objective To contribute to the knowledge of this epidemiological picture, we sought to construct a serological diagnostic panel for neurotrophic infectious agents in local horses. Material and methods A total of 213 blood samples from horses were collected from 29 farms in three municipalities. Samples were evaluated and considered positive when they met the following criteria: titers >= 1:80 with the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for apicomplexan protozoans; positive recombinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with subsequent titers >= 1:10 by the PRNt for viruses; and detection under direct microscopic examination for Trypanosoma evansi. Results No horses were found to be infected by T. evansi, and only two were infected Toxoplasma gondii and/or Neospora spp. The highest protozoan infection rate was observed for Sarcocystis neurona (40.3%; n = 86/213). Among the positive ELISA samples tested by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT90), 92% (n = 76/83) were positive for St Louis Encephalitis virus, 43% (n = 6/14) were positive for West Nile virus and 33% (n = 16/48) were positive for Mayaro virus. Eighteen percent (n = 39/213) of horses were co-infected by S. neurona and at least one arbovirus, particularly SLEV and/or MAYV. Conclusion Samples positive for SLEV associated with S. neurona, including samples from horses that had recovered from neurological signs were frequent, and must be considered when investigating the possible causes of neurological diseases in South Roraima horses. Fiocruz MS, Oswaldo Cruz Inst, Lab Trypanosomatid Biol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fed Inst Educ Sci & Technol Roraima, Caracarai, Roraima, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Agr & Vet Studies Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Vet & Anim Sci, Dept Prevent Vet & Anim Hlth, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Virol Res Ctr, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Agr & Vet Studies Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil CAPES: 001

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T20:08:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-03-01 Brazilian Ministry of Health Introduction: In Brazil, more than 487,450 individuals are currently undergoing antiretroviral treatment. In order to monitor the transmission of drug-resistant strains and HIV subtype distribution in the country, this work aimed to estimate its prevalence and to characterize the nationwide pretreatment drug resistance in individuals recently diagnosed with HIV between 2013 and 2015. Methods: The HIV threshold survey methodology (HIV-THS, WHO) targeting antiretroviral-naive individuals with recent HIV diagnosis was utilized, and subjects were selected from 51 highly populated cities in all five Brazilian macroregions. The HIV pol genotypic test was performed by genomic sequencing. Results: We analysed samples from 1568 antiretroviral-naive individuals recently diagnosed with HIV, and the overall transmitted drug resistance (TDR) prevalence was 9.5% (150 sequences). The regional prevalence of resistance according to Brazilian geographical regions was 9.4% in the northeast, 11.2% in the southeast, 6.8% in the central region, 10.2% in the north and 8.8% in the south. The inhibitor-specific TDR prevalence was 3.6% for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 5.8% for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and 1.6% for protease inhibitors (PIs); 1.0% of individuals presented resistance to more than one class of inhibitors. Overall, subtype B was more prevalent in every region except for the southern, where subtype C prevails. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first TDR study conducted in Brazil with nationwide representative sampling. The TDR prevalence revealed a moderate rate in the five Brazilian geographical regions, although some cities presented higher TDR prevalence rates, reaching 14% in Sao Paulo, for example. These results further illustrate the importance of surveillance studies for designing future strategies in primary antiretroviral therapy, aiming to mitigate TDR, as well as for predicting future trends in other regions of the globe where mass antiretroviral (ARV) treatment was implemented. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Lab Virol Mol, Dept Genet IB, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fdn Med Trop Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil LAPI Univ Fed Bahia, Hosp Univ Prof Edgar Santos, Lab Pesquisa, Salvador, BA, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Ceara Lacen CE, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Dist Fed, Setor Grandes Areas Norte SGAN 601, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Fed Minas Gerais UFMG, Fac Med, Lab Imunol & Biol Mol DIP, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Mato Grosso Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Lab Municipal Curitiba, Curitiba, PR, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Lab AIDS & Imunol Mol, Dept Imunol, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Hosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho, Lab Carga Viral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Inst Biol Exercito, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Rio Grande Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Lab Hosp Nossa Senhora Conceicao, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Lab Cent Saude Publ Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil UNESP, Lab Biol Mol Hemocentro Botucatu, Fac Med, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Lab Pesquisa AIDS, Hosp Clin, Campinas, SP, Brazil Inst Adolfo Lutz Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Lab Biol Mol, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Lab Retrovirol, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Inst Adolfo Lutz Cent, Lab Retrovirus, Ctr Virol, Nucleo Doencas Sanguineas & Sexuais, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil Minist Saude, Dept Vigilancia Prevencao & Controle DST AIDS & H, Setor Adm Fed Sul SAFS 02, Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Brasilia, Programa Pos Grad Saude Colet, Fac Med, Fac Ciencias Saude, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil UNESP, Lab Biol Mol Hemocentro Botucatu, Fac Med, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Brazilian Ministry of Health: TC 298/12

The dynamics of dengue virus (DENV) circulation depends on serotype, genotype and lineage replacement and turnover. In São José do Rio Preto, Brazil, we observed that the L6 lineage of DENV-1 (genotype V) remained the dominant circulating lineage even after the introduction of the L1 lineage. We investigated viral fitness and immunogenicity of the L1 and L6 lineages and which factors interfered with the dynamics of DENV epidemics. The results showed a more efficient replicative fitness of L1 over L6 in mosquitoes and in human and non-human primate cell lines. Infections by the L6 lineage were associated with reduced antigenicity, weak B and T cell stimulation and weak host immune system interactions, which were associated with higher viremia. Our data, therefore, demonstrate that reduced viral immunogenicity and consequent greater viremia determined the increased epidemiological fitness of DENV-1 L6 lineage in São José do Rio Preto., Author summary Since 2008 L6 is the endemic lineage that has circulated in SJRP. In 2010, the L1 lineage was first identified in the city. For a period, both lineages co-circulated, and then in 2013, L1 began to diminish until it was no longer detected in the population. Differences in replicative fitness are usually the main factor for clade replacement (CR) in DENV epidemics. However, despite the better viral fitness of the emerging lineage, the absence of CR could not be explained by these differences alone. Here, we combine epidemiological, phylogenetic, molecular and immunological analyses to provide a more precise understanding of the role of fitness in lineage dynamics with the persistence of L6 even after the introduction of L1 without CR. Differences in immune responses elicited by DENV-1 L1 and L6 lineages (genotype V), but not viral fitness in mosquito or human cells, explain the dynamics of circulating DENV in a city of Brazil.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-03T13:08:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-11-01Bitstream added on 2014-12-03T13:24:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000328079200016.pdf: 265403 bytes, checksum: 8db1180d1a3f1a388e04e74b78254a54 (MD5) Since the emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America in 1999, there have been several reports of WNV activity in Central and South American countries. To detect WNV in Brazil, we performed a serological survey of horses from different regions of Brazil using recombinant peptides from domain III of WNV. Positive samples were validated with the neutralisation test. Our results showed that of 79 ELISA-positive horses, nine expressed WNV-specific neutralising antibodies. Eight of the infected horses were from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and one was from the state of Paraiba. Our results provide additional evidence for the emergence of WNV in Brazil and for its circulation in multiple regions of the country. Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ctr Pesquisa Virol, BR-14049 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Virol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Julio de Mesquita Filho, Fac Ciencias Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Escola Ciencias Vet, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil Univ Fed Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil Univ Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brazil Acad Mil Agulhas Negras, Resende, RJ, Brazil Univ Julio de Mesquita Filho, Fac Ciencias Vet, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 08/50167-6

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T20:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-24. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:52:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000353889600144.pdf: 503172 bytes, checksum: c34e46d02eedd63a2e54d831b00aa1d2 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa/UNESP (ProPe) Several differences concerning bacterial species, opportunistic pathogens, elements of the resistome as well as variations concerning the CFU/mL counts were identified in some of the five most marketed bottled mineral water from Araraquara city, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Two out of five brands tested were confirmed as potential source of opportunistic pathogens, including Mycobacterium gordonae, Ralstonia picketti and Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc). A total of one hundred and six isolates were recovered from four of these bottled mineral water brands. Betaproteobacteria was predominant followed by Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Firmicutes. Ninety percent of the bacteria isolated demonstrated resistance to seventeen of the nineteen antimicrobials tested. These antimicrobials included eight different classes, including 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and fluoroquinolones. Multidrug resistant bacteria were detected for fifty-nine percent of isolates in three water brands at counts up to 103 CFU/ml. Of major concern, the two bottled mineral water harboring opportunistic pathogens were also source of elements of the resistome that could be directly transferred to humans. All these differences found among brands highlight the need for continuous bacteriological surveillance of bottled mineral water. Univ Estadual Paulista, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Araraquara, SP, Brazil Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina Fiocruz MS, ILMD, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Araraquara, SP, Brazil CAPES: 18207/12-0 ProPe: 05/2012

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-03T13:08:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-08-07Bitstream added on 2014-12-03T13:24:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000323109700082.pdf: 1393704 bytes, checksum: 25bc393488fc34ae69a2e38b45a346c2 (MD5) NPRP grant from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar foundation) NCF (Netherlands Computer Facility Foundation) NWO (Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek) Odo van Vloten Foundation Over the past two decades, several fungal outbreaks have occurred, including the high-profile 'Vancouver Island' and 'Pacific Northwest' outbreaks, caused by Cryptococcus gattii, which has affected hundreds of otherwise healthy humans and animals. Over the same time period, C. gattii was the cause of several additional case clusters at localities outside of the tropical and subtropical climate zones where the species normally occurs. In every case, the causative agent belongs to a previously rare genotype of C. gattii called AFLP6/VGII, but the origin of the outbreak clades remains enigmatic. Here we used phylogenetic and recombination analyses, based on AFLP and multiple MLST datasets, and coalescence gene genealogy to demonstrate that these outbreaks have arisen from a highly-recombining C. gattii population in the native rainforest of Northern Brazil. Thus the modern virulent C. gattii AFLP6/VGII outbreak lineages derived from mating events in South America and then dispersed to temperate regions where they cause serious infections in humans and animals. CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Dept Yeast & Basidiomycete Res, Utrecht, Netherlands Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, Nijmegen, Netherlands Univ Sao Paulo State, Dept Phytopathol, UNESP, Ilha Solteira, Brazil Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr, Dept Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Jerusalem, Israel Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium Ctr Genom Regulat, Barcelona, Spain UPF Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona, Spain Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Ctr Limnol, Wageningen, Netherlands Ctr Wiskunde & Informat, Amsterdam, Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Operat Res, Amsterdam, Netherlands Univ British Columbia, Sch Environm Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada Inst Nacl Salud, Microbiol Grp, Bogota, Colombia Fiocruz MS, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Micol, Inst Pesquisa Clin Evandro Chagas, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Sydney, Westmead Hosp, Ctr Infect Dis & Microbiol,Sydney Emerging Dis &, Mol Mycol Res Lab,Westmead Millennium Inst,Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands Second Mil Med Univ, Changzheng Hosp, Shanghai Key Lab Mol Med Mycol, Shanghai, Peoples R China Univ Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med & Infect Dis, Utrecht, Netherlands Univ Sao Paulo State, Dept Phytopathol, UNESP, Ilha Solteira, Brazil NPRP grant from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar foundation)5-298-3-06

Objective: To quantify vitamin A levels in mature milk of 196 nursing women who were treated at the Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro and to evaluate its correlation with sociodemographic variables and degree of nutrition knowledge.Methods: To quantify retinol concentrations, 10 mL of mature milk were collected by manual expression of one breast, 2 hours after the last feed, in the morning period. Values below 1.05 mu mol/L and 2.3 mu mol/L were considered inadequate to meet satisfactory intake and to constitute vitamin A liver reserve, respectively. the following variables were also assessed: sex, age, familiar income, maternal education, basic sanitation conditions, number of people in the household, maternal age, prenatal care, and degree of nutrition knowledge.Results: Among the 196 lactating mothers analyzed, the average vitamin A concentration observed in mature milk was 1.76 +/- 0.85 mu mol/L and prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was observed in 20.5% mothers. There was no significant difference between vitamin A levels in maternal milk and the variables socioeconomic status and nutrition knowledge. Only 38.9% of lactating women presented enough vitamin A concentrations in milk for the infants' liver reserves (2.3 mu mol/L).Conclusion: These findings reveal high prevalence of inadequate vitamin A nutritional status of mothers and infants, consistent with the national prevalence reported in women of childbearing age and Brazilian children, and that the intervention measures to fight this shortage should be extended to all pregnant and postpartum women, regardless of sociodemographic conditions and degree of nutrition knowledge, in order to improve the health of mother and son. J Pediatr (Rio.7). 2012;88(6):496-502. Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, Fac Med, Clin Med, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, Nucleo Pesquisa Micronutrientes NPqM, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz FIOCRUZ, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, GPSMI, NPqM, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, Programa Posgrad Nutr, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Escola Nacl Saude Publ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, INJC, Dept Nutr Social & Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, EPM, São Paulo, Brazil Web of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T19:02:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:23:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:38:02Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:38:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-07-01 Objective: To evaluate perinatal factors associated with early neonatal death in preterm infants with birth weights (BW) of 400-1,500 g.Methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study of all infants with BW of 400-1,500 g and 23-33 weeks of gestational age (GA), without malformations, who were born alive at eight public university tertiary hospitals in Brazil between June of 2004 and May of 2005. Infants who died within their first 6 days of life were compared with those who did not regarding maternal and neonatal characteristics and morbidity during the first 72 hours of life. Variables associated with the early deaths were identified by stepwise logistic regression.Results: A total of 579 live births met the inclusion criteria. Early deaths occurred in 92 (16%) cases, varying between centers from 5 to 31%, and these differences persisted after controlling for newborn illness severity and mortality risk score (SNAPPE-II). According to the multivariate analysis, the following factors were associated with early intrahospital neonatal deaths: gestational age of 23-27 weeks (odds ratio - OR = 5.0; 95%CI 2.7-9.4), absence of maternal hypertension (OR = 1.9; 95%CI 1.0-3.7), 5th minute Apgar 0-6 (OR = 2.8; 95%CI 1.4-5.4), presence of respiratory distress syndrome (OR = 3.1; 95%CI 1.4-6.6), and network center of birth.Conclusion: Important perinatal factors that are associated with early neonatal deaths in very low birth weight preterm infants can be modified by interventions such as improving fetal vitality at birth and reducing the incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome. The heterogeneity of early neonatal rates across the different centers studied indicates that best clinical practices should be identified and disseminated throughout the country. Univ Fed São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Disciplina Pediat Neonatal, São Paulo, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Dept Pediat, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, BR-09500900 São Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Fac Ciencias Med, Dept Pediat, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Botucatu, SP, Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Inst Fernandes Figueira, BR-21045900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ, Brazil) Background: Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) is an antigen considered to be one of the leading malaria vaccine candidates. PvMSP-1 is highly immunogenic and evidences suggest that it is target for protective immunity against asexual blood stages of malaria parasites. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the acquired cellular and antibody immune responses against PvMSP-1 in individuals naturally exposed to malaria infections in a malaria-endemic area in the north-eastern Amazon region of Brazil.Methods: the study was carried out in Paragominas, Para State, in the Brazilian Amazon. Blood samples were collected from 35 individuals with uncomplicated malaria. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and the cellular proliferation and activation was analysed in presence of 19 kDa fragment of MSP-1 (PvMSP-1(19)) and Plasmodium falciparum PSS1 crude antigen. Antibodies IgE, IgM, IgG and IgG subclass and the levels of TNF, IFN-gamma and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: the prevalence of activated CD4(+) was greater than CD8(+) T cells, in both ex-vivo and in 96 h culture in presence of PvMSP-1(19) and PSS1 antigen. A low proliferative response against PvMSP-1(19) and PSS1 crude antigen after 96 h culture was observed. High plasmatic levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 as well as lower TNF levels were also detected in malaria patients. However, in the 96 h supernatant culture, the dynamics of cytokine responses differed from those depicted on plasma assays; in presence of PvMSP-1(19) stimulus, higher levels of TNF were noted in supernatant 96 h culture of malaria patient's cells while low levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 were verified. High frequency of malaria patients presenting antibodies against PvMSP-1(19) was evidenced, regardless class or IgG subclass. PvMSP-1(19)-induced antibodies were predominantly on non-cytophilic subclasses.Conclusions: the results presented here shows that PvMSP-1(19) was able to induce a high cellular activation, leading to production of TNF and emphasizes the high immunogenicity of PvMSP-1(19) in naturally exposed individuals and, therefore, its potential as a malaria vaccine candidate. Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Pesquisas Malaria, BR-21040900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Ctr Pesquisa Diagnost & Treinamento Malaria CPD M, Reference Ctr Malaria Extra Amazonian Reg Secreta, BR-21040900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fiocruz MS, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Biol Mol & Doencas Endem, BR-21040900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ São Paulo, Dept Analises Clin & Toxicol, São Paulo, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, Brazil SVS, Inst Evandro Chagas, Programa Ensaios Clin Malaria, Belem, Para, Brazil Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, Brazil Web of Science