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To analyze SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and association of sociodemographic and clinical aspects in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.This was a serial cross-sectional study carried out in four phases, using households as the unit of analysis, from May to June 2020. Eleven municipalities were surveyed, with a sample of 4,500 households in each phase.Prevalence ranged from 2.1% (95%CI 1.7;2.5) on May 10 (first phase) to 9.6% (95%CI 8.8;10.4) on June 21 (fourth phase). In the Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region, the prevalence were 2.7% (95%CI 2.2;3.3) in the first phase, and 11.5% (95%CI 10.5;12.6) in the fourth phase; in the interior region of the state, prevalence ranged from 0.4% (95%CI 0.1;0.9) to 4.4% (95%CI 3.2;5.5) between the two phases.The increase in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence found in the fourth phase highlighted the high transmission of the virus, information that can support management of the pandemic.Analisar a soroprevalência de SARS-CoV-2 e sua associação com aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos, no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil.Estudo transversal seriado, realizado em quatro fases, no período de maio a junho de 2020, utilizando os domicílios como unidade de análise. Foram pesquisados 11 municípios, com amostra de 4.500 domicílios em cada fase.A soroprevalência de SARS-CoV-2 variou de 2,1% (IC95% 1,7;2,5), em 10 de maio (primeira etapa), a 9,6% (IC95% 8,8;10,4) em 21 de junho (quarta etapa). Na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória, as prevalências foram de 2,7% (IC95% 2,2;3,3), na primeira, e de 11,5% (IC95% 10,5;12,6) na quarta etapa; no interior do estado, a prevalência variou de 0,4% (IC95% 0,1;0,9) a 4,4% (IC95% 3,2;5,5) entre a primeira e a quarta etapas.O aumento da soroprevalência de SARS-CoV-2 observado na quarta fase destacou a elevada transmissão do vírus, informação que pode subsidiar a gestão da pandemia.Analizar la seroprevalencia del SARS-CoV-2 y la asociación de aspectos sociodemográficos y clínicos en el estado de Espírito Santo, Brasil.Estudio transversal seriado realizado en cuatro fases, utilizando los hogares como unidad de análisis, de mayo a junio de 2020. Se encuestaron 11 municipios, con una muestra de 4.500 hogares en cada fase.La prevalencia varió de 2,1% (IC95% 1,7;2,5) el 10 de mayo (primera etapa) a 9,6% (IC95% 8,8;10,4), el 21 de junio (cuarta etapa). En la Región Metropolitana de la Gran Vitória, las prevalencias fueron de 2,7% (IC95% 2,2;3,3), en la primera, y de 11,5% (IC95% 10,5;12,6) en la cuarta etapa; en el estado osciló entre 0,4% (IC95% 0,1;0,9) y 4,4% (IC95% 3,2;5,5).El aumento de la seroprevalencia del SARS-CoV-2 observado en la cuarta fase destacó la alta transmisión del virus, información que puede subsidiar el manejo de la pandemia.

To estimate the serological prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among prison system workers in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between August-September 2020.This was a stratified sample survey, using interviews and serological tests for SARS-CoV-2.Among the 986 interviewers, the serological prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 11.9% (95%CI 8.1%;15.7%) in health professionals, and 22.1% (95%CI 18.8%;25.3%) in prison officers. Positivity was more frequent among health professionals in the north of the state (19.7%) and in male prison officers (24.0%). Among seropositive individuals, fatigue was the most frequent symptom in prison agents (13.4%) and myalgia in health professionals (10.8%); and the most prevalent comorbidities among the seropositive individuals were asthma or bronchitis (16.2%), in health professionals, and hypertension in prison officers (12.8%).The serological prevalence of SARS-Cov-2 infection was higher in prison officers, a finding that can support disease control and prevention actions in this scenario.Estimar a prevalência de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 entre trabalhadores do sistema prisional do Espírito Santo, Brasil, no período agosto-setembro de 2020.Inquérito em amostra estratificada, mediante entrevistas e testes sorológicos para SARS-CoV-2.Nos 986 pesquisados, a prevalência sorológica de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 foi de 11,9% (IC95% 8,1%;15,7%) nos profissionais de saúde, e de 22,1% (IC95% 18,8%;25,3%) nos agentes penitenciários. A positividade foi mais frequente nos profissionais da saúde do norte do estado (19,7%) e em agentes penitenciários do sexo masculino (24,0%). Entre soropositivos, a fadiga foi o sintoma mais frequente nos agentes penitenciários (13,4%), e a mialgia, nos profissionais de saúde (10,8%); e as comorbidades mais prevalentes entre os positivos foram asma ou bronquite (16,2%), para profissionais de saúde, e hipertensão para agentes penitenciários (12,8%).A prevalência sorológica de SARS-Cov-2 foi maior nos agentes penitenciários, achado que deve subsidiar ações de controle e prevenção da doença nesse cenário.Estimar la prevalencia serológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en trabajadores del sistema penitenciario de Espírito Santo, Brasil, entre agosto y setiembre de 2020.Encuesta muestral estratificada mediante entrevistas y pruebas serológicas para SARS-CoV-2.En los 986 encuestados, la prevalencia serológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 fue del 11,9% (IC95% 8,1%;15,7%) entre los profesionales de la salud y del 22,1% (IC95% 18,8%;25,3%) entre los funcionarios de prisiones. La positividad fue más frecuente en los profesionales de la salud de la Región Norte (19,7%) y en los funcionarios de prisiones varones (24,0%). Entre los positivos, la fatiga fue el síntoma más frecuente entre los funcionarios de prisiones (13,4%) y la mialgia entre los profesionales de la salud (10,8%); y las comorbilidades más prevalentes entre las positivas fueron: asma o bronquitis (16,2%) para los profesionales de la salud e hipertensión para los funcionarios de prisiones (12,8%).La prevalencia serológica del SARS-Cov-2 fue mayor en los funcionarios de prisiones, apoyando las acciones de control y prevención de enfermedades en este escenario.

To present a prevalence study held in prisons and estimate the percentage of persons deprived of liberty, health professionals, and prison officers infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Espírito Santo (ES).This is a prevalence study with a sample from 34 ES prisons, stratified between August 31 and September 4, 2020, following the Population-based age-stratified seroepidemiological investigation protocol for COVID-19 virus infection. The participants were interviewed and underwent rapid tests to detect immunoglobulin G and M in the groups mentioned.Among 1,830 individuals (311 health professionals, 675 prison officers, and 844 persons deprived of liberty - PDL), the prevalence of COVID-19 infection was 11.89% for health professionals, 22.07% for prison officers, and 31.64% for PDL. Most interviewees were male, aged 21 to 40 years, had completed elementary school and higher education, were multiracial, and situated in the Metropolitan area of Vitória.The prevalence was higher among persons deprived of liberty in the closed regime in all regions, as well as prison officers working in the semi-open regime, particularly in the North region. As for the comparison between regimes and regions, differences were identified between PDL groups with positive test results. Effectively combating COVID-19 within the prison system requires prison release actions, testing, and mass vaccination, as well as other health actions.Apresentar um estudo de prevalência em presídios e estimar o percentual de pessoas privadas de liberdade, profissionais de saúde e agentes penitenciários infectados com o SARS-CoV-2 no Espírito Santo (ES).Tratou-se de um estudo de prevalência com amostragem realizada em 34 unidades prisionais no ES, estratificadas entre os dias 31 de agosto e 4 de setembro de 2020, com base no Population-based age-stratified seroepidemiological investigation protocol for COVID-19 virus infection. Realizaram-se entrevistas e testes rápidos para detecção de imunoglobina G e M nos grupos citados.Entre os 1.830 indivíduos (311 profissionais de saúde, 675 agentes penitenciários e 844 pessoas privadas de liberdade - PPL), as prevalências de infecção por COVID-19 foram 11,89% para os profissionais de saúde, 22,07% para os agentes penitenciários e 31,64% para as PPL. A maioria era do sexo masculino, com idade entre 21 a 40 anos, ensino fundamental e superior e cor parda, e os entrevistados concentravam-se na Região Metropolitana de Vitória.Observou-se que a prevalência foi maior entre as pessoas privadas de liberdade em todas as regiões no regime fechado e para os agentes penitenciários no regime semiaberto, com destaque para a Região Norte. Quanto à comparação entre os regimes e região, observaram-se distinções entre os grupos das PPL com testes positivos. Para que se alcance a eficácia no combate à COVID-19 no sistema prisional, são necessárias ações de desencarceramento, testes e vacinação em massa, como também outras ações de saúde.

To analyze self-reported sociodemographic and clinical characteristics among individuals aged 2 to 22 years and possible associations with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Espírito Santo, Brazil.This was a serial cross-sectional population-based study carried out from May to June 2020. The COVID-19 positivity rate was assessed by serological testing, and associated factors were assessed using Pearson's chi-square test (5% significance level).Among 1,693 individuals aged 2 to 22 years, 6.1% tested positive for COVID-19 and, among these, 35.5% did not present any symptoms. Differences were identified between positive and negative cases regarding the number of symptoms (p-value=0.001).Coughing was reported by 40.4% of positive individuals. Only 14.3% sought health care, namely 29.8% among those who tested positive and 13.3% among those who tested negative (p-value=0.001).The percentage of asymptomatic patients can impact the COVID-19 transmission chain in schools and fuel outbreaks of the disease in schools.Analisar aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos autorreferidos entre indivíduos de 2 a 22 anos de idade e possíveis associações com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 no Espírito Santo, Brasil.Estudo transversal seriado de base populacional, realizado de maio a junho de 2020. Avaliou-se o percentual de positividade para COVID-19, por teste sorológico, e os fatores associados pelo teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (nível de significância de 5%).Entre 1.693 indivíduos de 2 a 22 anos, 6,1% apresentaram teste positivo para COVID-19; destes, 35,5% não apresentaram nenhum sintoma. Foram identificadas diferenças entre os soropositivos e soronegativos quanto ao número de sintomas (p-valor=0,001). A tosse foi relatada por 40,4% dos indivíduos soropositivos. Apenas 14,3% procuraram unidades de saúde, sendo 29,8% entre os soropositivos e 13,3% entre os soronegativos (p-valor=0,001).O percentual de indivíduos assintomáticos pode impactar a cadeia de transmissão da COVID-19 nas escolas, e impulsionar surtos da doença no mesmo ambiente escolar.Analizar aspectos sociodemográficos y clínicos autoinformados en individuos de 2 a 22 años y posibles asociaciones con la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en Espírito Santo.Estudio transversal seriado realizado de mayo a junio de 2020. El porcentaje de positividad para COVID-19 se evaluó mediante prueba serológica y los factores asociados mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson (significación del 5%).Entre 1.693 individuos de 2 a 22 añoo, el 6,1% dio positivo para COVID-19 y, entre estos, el 35,5% no presentó ningún síntoma. Se identificaron diferencias entre seropositivo y seronegativo en cuanto al número de síntomas (p=0,001). El 40,4% de los seropositivos informaron tos. El 14,3% buscó asistencia sanitaria, el 29,8% entre los seropositivos y el 13,3% entre los seronegativos (p=0,001).El porcentaje de pacientes asintomáticos puede impactar la transmisión de COVID-19 en las escuelas y potenciar brotes de la enfermedad en el mismo ambiente.

Background Zika virus (ZIKV) has been isolated from many mosquito species in nature, but it is believed that the main vectors in urban environments are species of the genus Aedes. Here, we detected and isolated ZIKV in samples from Aedes aegypti, Aedes taeniorhynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus, collected during the Zika epidemic in Vitória, southeast Brazil. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, ZIKV detection was performed in mosquito samples collected from February to April 2016. Results Overall, six pools of mosquitoes were positive for ZIKV: four of Cx. quinquefasciatus, one of Ae. aegypti and one of Ae. taeniorhynchus. Their genomes were sequenced. Conclusions These results support and strengthen the hypothesis that other mosquito species can also be involved in ZIKV transmission.

Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in residents of the Greater Vitória region living in subnormal and non-subnormal agglomerates, and to compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of total residents (infected and not infected with SARS-CoV-2) between them. Methods: Population-based prevalence study conducted by serological testing in 2020, with a study unit in households in Greater Vitória, grouped into census tracts classified as sub-normal agglomerates and non-sub-normal agglomerates. The two groups were compared in terms of prevalence and associated factors. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: The prevalence found in the sub-normal clusters was 12.05% (95%CI 9.59–14.50), and in the non-sub-normal clusters 10.23% (95%CI 7.97–12.50) this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.273). Comparing the sociodemographic characteristics, more people who declare themselves to be of mixed race were found in the sub-normal clusters, a higher percentage of illiterates and people with only elementary education, greater number of residents per household, longer stay in public transportation, sharing a bathroom with another household, fewer bedrooms per residence and higher frequency of irregular water supply when compared to non-sub-normal clusters (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The epidemiological characteristics of sub-normal clusters’ residents show the social inequalities that can hinder control measures in a pandemic situation.