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1. Genome-wide association study identifies 32 novel breast cancer susceptibility loci from overall and subtype-specific analyses

Author

Ana Peixoto, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Amanda E. Toland, Anna Marie Mulligan, Michael Untch, Susan J. Ramus, Kenneth Offit, John J. Spinelli, Clarice R. Weinberg, Kyriaki Michailidou, Javier Benitez, Rita K. Schmutzler, Lizet E. van der Kolk, Heli Nevanlinna, Annika Lindblom, Sara Margolin, Stella Koutros, Elza Khusnutdinova, Diana Eccles, Lenka Foretova, Wolfgang Janni, Jennifer T. Loud, Roger L. Milne, Patrick Neven, Thomas U. Ahearn, Hedy S. Rennert, Karolina Prajzendanc, Melissa C. Southey, Ramunas Janavicius, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Pascal Guénel, Antoinette Hollestelle, Jolanta Lissowska, Ni Zhao, Melissa Christiaens, Hoda Anton-Culver, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Christopher A. Haiman, Debra Frost, Vessela N. Kristensen, Bernard Peissel, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Noura Mebirouk, Claudine Isaacs, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sofia Khan, Xia Jiang, Jack A. Taylor, Peter Hillemanns, Robert Winqvist, Susan L. Neuhausen, Marina Bermisheva, Alicja Wolk, Katherine L. Nathanson, Judy Garber, Siranoush Manoukian, Simon S. Cross, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Manjeet K. Bolla, Goska Leslie, Saundra S. Buys, Banu Arun, Xiaohong R. Yang, Peter Schürmann, Irene Konstantopoulou, Mia M. Gaudet, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Joe Dennis, Louise Izatt, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Alicja Lukomska, Fabienne Lesueur, Susanna C. Larsson, Peter Devilee, Helen Byers, Bernd Holleczek, Marc Tischkowitz, Arif B. Ekici, Austin Miller, Carl Blomqvist, Christopher R. Hake, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Harvey A. Risch, Kristin K. Zorn, Mehdi Manoochehri, Kamila Czene, Peter A. Fasching, Trinidad Caldés, Hanna Huebner, Agnes Jager, William G. Newman, Lesley McGuffog, Maren T. Scheuner, Nick Orr, Susan M. Domchek, Antonis C. Antoniou, Peter Kraft, Pooja Middha Kapoor, Daniel R. Barnes, Christine L. Clarke, Douglas F. Easton, Bernadette A M Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Ross L. Prentice, Mark E. Sherman, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Michael Jones, Åke Borg, Diether Lambrechts, Mark H. Greene, Mark S. Goldberg, Peter J. Hulick, Maria Elena Martinez, Arto Mannermaa, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Christian F. Singer, Johanna Rantala, Esther M. John, Jesse Nodora, Wendy K. Chung, Csilla Szabo, Mads Thomassen, Tracy A. O'Mara, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Jacques Simard, John L. Hopper, Jacopo Azzollini, Rudolf Kaaks, Haoyu Zhang, Eitan Friedman, Heiko Becher, János Papp, Thomas Rüdiger, Alison M. Dunning, Daniele Campa, Alfons Meindl, Lothar Häberle, Ana Blanco, Eric Hahnen, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Elaine F. Harkness, Audrey Y. Jung, Guanghao Qi, Zumuruda Abu Ful, Maria A. Caligo, Priyanka Sharma, Håkan Olsson, Elke M van Veen, Marion Piedmonte, Linetta B. Koppert, Usha Menon, Laura Matricardi, Jonine D. Figueroa, Wei Zheng, Milena Jakimovska, Katarzyna Białkowska, Renske Keeman, Matti A. Rookus, William J. Tapper, J. Peto, Paul L. Auer, Andreas Schneeweiss, Xiao-Ou Shu, Miriam Dwek, Elvira Mingazheva, Hermann Brenner, Emilija Lazarova, Atocha Romero, Rulla M. Tamimi, Laura Papi, Hans Wildiers, Catriona McLean, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Matthias Rübner, Thomas Brüning, Graham G. Giles, Robert J. MacInnis, Hans Christiansen, Sten Cornelissen, Paul A. James, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Nilanjan Chatterjee, D. Gareth Evans, Ignacio Briceño, Mary B. Daly, Annegien Broeks, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Jonathan Beesley, Snezhana Smichkoska, Thilo Dörk, Yon-Dschun Ko, Paolo Peterlongo, Celine M. Vachon, Claire Mulot, Kristiina Aittomäki, Liene Nikitina-Zake, Manuel R. Teixeira, Edith Olah, Florentia Fostira, Beth N. Peshkin, Pierre Laurent-Puig, M. B. Terry, Michael T. Parsons, Anna González-Neira, Julie Lecarpentier, Jacek Gronwald, Fergus J. Couch, Mariarosaria Calvello, Leigha Senter, Ute Hamann, Brigitte Rack, Marco Montagna, Simon A. Gayther, Barbara Burwinkel, Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm, Irene L. Andrulis, Sabine Behrens, Beth Y. Karlan, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Cari M. Kitahara, Emmanouil Saloustros, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Melissa A. Troester, Diana Torres, Daniel Barrowdale, Elinor J. Sawyer, Hiltrud Brauch, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Dale P. Sandler, José A. García-Sáenz, Jennifer Stone, Qin Wang, Conxi Lázaro, Paolo Radice, Jan Lubinski, Jose E. Castelao, Natalia Bogdanova, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Davide Bondavalli, Kristan J. Aronson, Gad Rennert, Wing-Yee Lo, Robert N. Hoover, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Stephen J. Chanock, Andrew K. Godwin, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Anthony Howell, Volker Arndt, Penny Soucy, Jenny Chang-Claude, Kathleen Claes, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Stig E. Bojesen, Sara Y Brucker, Darcy L. Thull, Darya Prokofyeva, Taru A. Muranen, Ben Schöttker, Orland Diez, Susan M. Gapstur, Sarah Sampson, Bernardo Bonanni, Per Hall, Ana Vega, Medical Oncology, Surgery, and Clinical Genetics

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Linkage disequilibrium, Carcinogenesis, Estrogen receptor, Genome-wide association study, Breast Neoplasms, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Gene mutation, Linkage Disequilibrium, Càncer de mama, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Genetics, Genetic predisposition, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Carcinogènesi, Triple-negative breast cancer, 030304 developmental biology, Medicinsk genetik, 0303 health sciences, Genetic heterogeneity, BRCA1 Protein, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Case-Control Studies, Female, Mutation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Medical Genetics, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Genome-wide analysis identifies 32 loci associated with breast cancer susceptibility, accounting for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and tumor grade. Breast cancer susceptibility variants frequently show heterogeneity in associations by tumor subtype(1-3). To identify novel loci, we performed a genome-wide association study including 133,384 breast cancer cases and 113,789 controls, plus 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer) of European ancestry, using both standard and novel methodologies that account for underlying tumor heterogeneity by estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status and tumor grade. We identified 32 novel susceptibility loci (P < 5.0 x 10(-8)), 15 of which showed evidence for associations with at least one tumor feature (false discovery rate < 0.05). Five loci showed associations (P < 0.05) in opposite directions between luminal and non-luminal subtypes. In silico analyses showed that these five loci contained cell-specific enhancers that differed between normal luminal and basal mammary cells. The genetic correlations between five intrinsic-like subtypes ranged from 0.35 to 0.80. The proportion of genome-wide chip heritability explained by all known susceptibility loci was 54.2% for luminal A-like disease and 37.6% for triple-negative disease. The odds ratios of polygenic risk scores, which included 330 variants, for the highest 1% of quantiles compared with middle quantiles were 5.63 and 3.02 for luminal A-like and triple-negative disease, respectively. These findings provide an improved understanding of genetic predisposition to breast cancer subtypes and will inform the development of subtype-specific polygenic risk scores.

Published
2020
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2. Author Correction: A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author

Pascal Guénel, John J. Spinelli, Hoda Anton-Culver, Veli-Matti Kosma, Beth Y. Karlan, Antonis C. Antoniou, Brian D. Carter, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Orland Diez, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Uffe Birk Jensen, Susan M. Gapstur, Christine L. Clarke, Florentia Fostira, Trinidad Caldés, Wei Zheng, Diana Eccles, Don M. Conroy, Kristan J. Aronson, Sara Margolin, Thomas U. Ahearn, Hedy S. Rennert, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Rulla M. Tamimi, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Per Hall, Daniel R. Barnes, Alex Teulé, D. Gareth Evans, Åke Borg, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Yon-Dschun Ko, Celine M. Vachon, Graham G. Giles, Simona Agata, Gad Rennert, Yuan Chun Ding, J. Margriet Collée, Alison M. Dunning, Regina M. Santella, Banu Arun, William J. Tapper, Melissa C. Southey, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Michael T. Parsons, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Alfons Meindl, Vassilios Georgoulias, Simon A. Gayther, Debra Frost, Noura Mebirouk, Hebon Investigators, Austin Miller, Sue K. Park, Anthony J Swerdlow, Emmanouil Saloustros, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Laura Ottini, Jack A. Taylor, Siranoush Manoukian, Maria A. Caligo, Douglas F. Easton, Christoph Engel, Antoinette Hollestelle, Ana Vega, Muriel A. Adank, Mia M. Gaudet, Heko Becher, Lothar Haeberle, Priyanka Sharma, Katherine L. Nathanson, Mads Thomassen, Miriam Dwek, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Hiltrud Brauch, Kamila Czene, Peter A. Fasching, Peter J. Hulick, David E. Goldgar, Lesley McGuffog, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Adrià López-Fernández, Bruce Poppe, Volker Arndt, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Jennifer Stone, Wendy K. Chung, Joseph Vijai, Qin Wang, Penny Soucy, Miquel Angel Pujana, Diether Lambrechts, Vanesa García-Barberán, Andrea Gehrig, Anna González-Neira, Thérèse Truong, Jenny Lester, Wei He, Dale P. Sandler, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, A. Heather Eliassen, Paolo Radice, Yael Laitman, Johanna Rantala, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Amanda E. Toland, Bernardo Bonanni, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Heli Nevanlinna, John L. Hopper, Kevin Punie, kConFab Investigators, Thilo Dörk, Judy Garber, Alison H. Trainer, Irene L. Andrulis, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Michael Jones, Caroline Baynes, David J. Hunter, Mark S. Goldberg, Kristiina Aittomäki, Barbara Burwinkel, Jonathan Beesley, Maria Rossing, Norbert Arnold, Kathleen Claes, Renske Keeman, Esther M. John, John W.M. Martens, Katie M. O'Brien, Paolo Peterlongo, Mark H. Greene, Tracy A. O'Mara, Saundra S. Buys, Craig Luccarini, Atocha Romero, Paul A. James, Siddhartha Yadav, Zoe Steinsnyder, Diana Torres, Rudolf Kaaks, Camilla Wendt, Fabienne Lesueur, Ana Osorio, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Christopher A. Haiman, Agnes Jager, Tricia Lindstrom, Peter Devilee, Kristin K. Zorn, Loic Le Marchand, Darling J. Horcasitas, Michael Lush, Mark E. Robson, Jennifer T. Loud, Roger L. Milne, Lin Fritschi, Johanna I. Kiiski, Eric Hahnen, Jacques Simard, Annelie Augustinsson, Stig E. Bojesen, Kenneth Offit, Nadine Andrieu, Xiaohong R. Yang, Pooja Middha Kapoor, Joe Dennis, Beth N. Peshkin, Nadege Presneau, Darcy L. Thull, Fergus J. Couch, Gunnar Schmidt, Ute Hamann, Susan M. Domchek, Henrik Flyger, Mary B. Daly, Håkan Olsson, Clarice R. Weinberg, Niclas Håkansson, Elza Khusnutdinova, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Manjeet K. Bolla, Steven N. Hart, Carl Blomqvist, Janet E. Olson, Maren T. Scheuner, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Marc Tischkowitz, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Stephen J. Chanock, Leslie Bernstein, Mikael Eriksson, José A. García-Sáenz, Jonathan Tyrer, Jose E. Castelao, Peter Kraft, Goska Leslie, Arto Mannermaa, Christopher G. Scott, Jacopo Azzollini, Eitan Friedman, Allison W. Kurian, Katarzyna Białkowska, Argyrios Ziogas, Hermann Brenner, Andrew K. Godwin, Patricia Harrington, Juliette Coignard, Daniele Campa, Susan L. Neuhausen, Marco Montagna, Marina Bermisheva, Alicja Wolk, Eric C. Polley, Abctb Investigators, and Daniel Barrowdale

Subjects
Adult, Genotype, media_common.quotation_subject, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, General Physics and Astronomy, Breast Neoplasms, 02 engineering and technology, Brca1 brca2, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Linkage Disequilibrium, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Cancer epidemiology, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Author Correction, Cancer genetics, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, BRCA2 Protein, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, BRCA1 Protein, Published Erratum, General Chemistry, Art, Middle Aged, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 3. Good health, Risk factors, Mutation, Female, 0210 nano-technology, Humanities, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Author(s): Coignard, Juliette; Lush, Michael; Beesley, Jonathan; O'Mara, Tracy A; Dennis, Joe; Tyrer, Jonathan P; Barnes, Daniel R; McGuffog, Lesley; Leslie, Goska; Bolla, Manjeet K; Adank, Muriel A; Agata, Simona; Ahearn, Thomas; Aittomaki, Kristiina; Andrulis, Irene L; Anton-Culver, Hoda; Arndt, Volker; Arnold, Norbert; Aronson, Kristan J; Arun, Banu K; Augustinsson, Annelie; Azzollini, Jacopo; Barrowdale, Daniel; Baynes, Caroline; Becher, Heko; Bermisheva, Marina; Bernstein, Leslie; Bialkowska, Katarzyna; Blomqvist, Carl; Bojesen, Stig E; Bonanni, Bernardo; Borg, Ake; Brauch, Hiltrud; Brenner, Hermann; Burwinkel, Barbara; Buys, Saundra S; Caldes, Trinidad; Caligo, Maria A; Campa, Daniele; Carter, Brian D; Castelao, Jose E; Chang-Claude, Jenny; Chanock, Stephen J; Chung, Wendy K; Claes, Kathleen BM; Clarke, Christine L; GEMO Study Collaborators; EMBRACE Collaborators; Collee, J Margriet; Conroy, Don M; Czene, Kamila; Daly, Mary B; Devilee, Peter; Diez, Orland; Ding, Yuan Chun; Domchek, Susan M; Dork, Thilo; Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel; Dunning, Alison M; Dwek, Miriam; Eccles, Diana M; Eliassen, A Heather; Engel, Christoph; Eriksson, Mikael; Evans, D Gareth; Fasching, Peter A; Flyger, Henrik; Fostira, Florentia; Friedman, Eitan; Fritschi, Lin; Frost, Debra; Gago-Dominguez, Manuela; Gapstur, Susan M; Garber, Judy; Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa; Garcia-Closas, Montserrat; Garcia-Saenz, Jose A; Gaudet, Mia M; Gayther, Simon A; Gehrig, Andrea; Georgoulias, Vassilios; Giles, Graham G; Godwin, Andrew K; Goldberg, Mark S; Goldgar, David E | Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23162-4.

Published
2021
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3. Clustering of known low and moderate risk alleles rather than a novel recessive high-risk gene in non-BRCA1/2 sib trios affected with breast cancer

Author

Peter Van ‘t Hof, Joe Dennis, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Caro M. Meijers, Kyriaki Michailidou, Petra M. Nederlof, Hailiang Mei, Peter Devilee, Christi J. van Asperen, and Florentine Hilbers

Subjects
Proband, Multifactorial Inheritance, Cancer Research, Population, Breast Neoplasms, polygenic, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, susceptibility, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, breast cancer, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, 10. No inequality, education, CHEK2, Germ-Line Mutation, Exome sequencing, BRCA2 Protein, Genetics, education.field_of_study, BRCA1 Protein, Siblings, Haplotype, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Family aggregation, recessive, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Haplotypes, Oncology, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Cancer Epidemiology, exome
Abstract

Breast cancer risk is approximately twice as high in first‐degree relatives of female breast cancer cases than in women in the general population. Less than half of this risk can be attributed to the currently known genetic risk factors. Recessive risk alleles represent a relatively underexplored explanation for the remainder of familial risk. To address this, we selected 19 non‐BRCA1/2 breast cancer families in which at least three siblings were affected, while no first‐degree relatives of the previous or following generation had breast cancer. Germline DNA from one of the siblings was subjected to exome sequencing, while all affected siblings were genotyped using SNP arrays to assess haplotype sharing and to calculate a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 160 low‐risk variants. We found no convincing candidate recessive alleles among exome sequencing variants in genomic regions for which all three siblings shared two haplotypes. However, we found two families in which all affected siblings carried the CHEK2*1100delC. In addition, the average normalized PRS of the “recessive” family probands (0.81) was significantly higher than that in both general population cases (0.35, P = .026) and controls (P = .0004). These findings suggest that the familial aggregation is, at least in part, explained by a polygenic effect of common low‐risk variants and rarer intermediate‐risk variants, while we did not find evidence of a role for novel recessive risk alleles., What's new? To find new breast cancer susceptibility alleles, these authors tested families in which at least three affected siblings had non‐BRCA1/2 breast cancer. No new susceptibility alleles emerged, but the analysis did reveal that on average, women from these families who had cancer had significantly higher polygenic risk scores than either sporadic cases or controls. This result highlights the importance of moderate risk alleles acting together in familial breast cancer.

Published
2020

4. Genome-wide association study identifies 32 novel breast cancer susceptibility loci from overall and subtype-specific analyses

Author

Haoyu, Zhang, Thomas U, Ahearn, Julie, Lecarpentier, Daniel, Barnes, Jonathan, Beesley, Guanghao, Qi, Xia, Jiang, Tracy A, O'Mara, Ni, Zhao, Manjeet K, Bolla, Alison M, Dunning, Joe, Dennis, Qin, Wang, Zumuruda Abu, Ful, Kristiina, Aittomäki, Irene L, Andrulis, Hoda, Anton-Culver, Volker, Arndt, Kristan J, Aronson, Banu K, Arun, Paul L, Auer, Jacopo, Azzollini, Daniel, Barrowdale, Heiko, Becher, Matthias W, Beckmann, Sabine, Behrens, Javier, Benitez, Marina, Bermisheva, Katarzyna, Bialkowska, Ana, Blanco, Carl, Blomqvist, Natalia V, Bogdanova, Stig E, Bojesen, Bernardo, Bonanni, Davide, Bondavalli, Ake, Borg, Hiltrud, Brauch, Hermann, Brenner, Ignacio, Briceno, Annegien, Broeks, Sara Y, Brucker, Thomas, Brüning, Barbara, Burwinkel, Saundra S, Buys, Helen, Byers, Trinidad, Caldés, Maria A, Caligo, Mariarosaria, Calvello, Daniele, Campa, Jose E, Castelao, Jenny, Chang-Claude, Stephen J, Chanock, Melissa, Christiaens, Hans, Christiansen, Wendy K, Chung, Kathleen B M, Claes, Christine L, Clarke, Sten, Cornelissen, Fergus J, Couch, Angela, Cox, Simon S, Cross, Kamila, Czene, Mary B, Daly, Peter, Devilee, Orland, Diez, Susan M, Domchek, Thilo, Dörk, Miriam, Dwek, Diana M, Eccles, Arif B, Ekici, D Gareth, Evans, Peter A, Fasching, Jonine, Figueroa, Lenka, Foretova, Florentia, Fostira, Eitan, Friedman, Debra, Frost, Manuela, Gago-Dominguez, Susan M, Gapstur, Judy, Garber, José A, García-Sáenz, Mia M, Gaudet, Simon A, Gayther, Graham G, Giles, Andrew K, Godwin, Mark S, Goldberg, David E, Goldgar, Anna, González-Neira, Mark H, Greene, Jacek, Gronwald, Pascal, Guénel, Lothar, Häberle, Eric, Hahnen, Christopher A, Haiman, Christopher R, Hake, Per, Hall, Ute, Hamann, Elaine F, Harkness, Bernadette A M, Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Peter, Hillemanns, Frans B L, Hogervorst, Bernd, Holleczek, Antoinette, Hollestelle, Maartje J, Hooning, Robert N, Hoover, John L, Hopper, Anthony, Howell, Hanna, Huebner, Peter J, Hulick, Evgeny N, Imyanitov, Claudine, Isaacs, Louise, Izatt, Agnes, Jager, Milena, Jakimovska, Anna, Jakubowska, Paul, James, Ramunas, Janavicius, Wolfgang, Janni, Esther M, John, Michael E, Jones, Audrey, Jung, Rudolf, Kaaks, Pooja Middha, Kapoor, Beth Y, Karlan, Renske, Keeman, Sofia, Khan, Elza, Khusnutdinova, Cari M, Kitahara, Yon-Dschun, Ko, Irene, Konstantopoulou, Linetta B, Koppert, Stella, Koutros, Vessela N, Kristensen, Anne-Vibeke, Laenkholm, Diether, Lambrechts, Susanna C, Larsson, Pierre, Laurent-Puig, Conxi, Lazaro, Emilija, Lazarova, Flavio, Lejbkowicz, Goska, Leslie, Fabienne, Lesueur, Annika, Lindblom, Jolanta, Lissowska, Wing-Yee, Lo, Jennifer T, Loud, Jan, Lubinski, Alicja, Lukomska, Robert J, MacInnis, Arto, Mannermaa, Mehdi, Manoochehri, Siranoush, Manoukian, Sara, Margolin, Maria Elena, Martinez, Laura, Matricardi, Lesley, McGuffog, Catriona, McLean, Noura, Mebirouk, Alfons, Meindl, Usha, Menon, Austin, Miller, Elvira, Mingazheva, Marco, Montagna, Anna Marie, Mulligan, Claire, Mulot, Taru A, Muranen, Katherine L, Nathanson, Susan L, Neuhausen, Heli, Nevanlinna, Patrick, Neven, William G, Newman, Finn C, Nielsen, Liene, Nikitina-Zake, Jesse, Nodora, Kenneth, Offit, Edith, Olah, Olufunmilayo I, Olopade, Håkan, Olsson, Nick, Orr, Laura, Papi, Janos, Papp, Tjoung-Won, Park-Simon, Michael T, Parsons, Bernard, Peissel, Ana, Peixoto, Beth, Peshkin, Paolo, Peterlongo, Julian, Peto, Kelly-Anne, Phillips, Marion, Piedmonte, Dijana, Plaseska-Karanfilska, Karolina, Prajzendanc, Ross, Prentice, Darya, Prokofyeva, Brigitte, Rack, Paolo, Radice, Susan J, Ramus, Johanna, Rantala, Muhammad U, Rashid, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S, Rennert, Harvey A, Risch, Atocha, Romero, Matti A, Rookus, Matthias, Rübner, Thomas, Rüdiger, Emmanouil, Saloustros, Sarah, Sampson, Dale P, Sandler, Elinor J, Sawyer, Maren T, Scheuner, Rita K, Schmutzler, Andreas, Schneeweiss, Minouk J, Schoemaker, Ben, Schöttker, Peter, Schürmann, Leigha, Senter, Priyanka, Sharma, Mark E, Sherman, Xiao-Ou, Shu, Christian F, Singer, Snezhana, Smichkoska, Penny, Soucy, Melissa C, Southey, John J, Spinelli, Jennifer, Stone, Dominique, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Anthony J, Swerdlow, Csilla I, Szabo, Rulla M, Tamimi, William J, Tapper, Jack A, Taylor, Manuel R, Teixeira, MaryBeth, Terry, Mads, Thomassen, Darcy L, Thull, Marc, Tischkowitz, Amanda E, Toland, Rob A E M, Tollenaar, Ian, Tomlinson, Diana, Torres, Melissa A, Troester, Thérèse, Truong, Nadine, Tung, Michael, Untch, Celine M, Vachon, Ans M W, van den Ouweland, Lizet E, van der Kolk, Elke M, van Veen, Elizabeth J, vanRensburg, Ana, Vega, Barbara, Wappenschmidt, Clarice R, Weinberg, Jeffrey N, Weitzel, Hans, Wildiers, Robert, Winqvist, Alicja, Wolk, Xiaohong R, Yang, Drakoulis, Yannoukakos, Wei, Zheng, Kristin K, Zorn, Roger L, Milne, Peter, Kraft, Jacques, Simard, Paul D P, Pharoah, Kyriaki, Michailidou, Antonis C, Antoniou, Marjanka K, Schmidt, Georgia, Chenevix-Trench, Douglas F, Easton, Nilanjan, Chatterjee, and Montserrat, García-Closas

Subjects
BRCA1 Protein, Case-Control Studies, Mutation, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Linkage Disequilibrium, Article, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Breast cancer susceptibility variants frequently show heterogeneity in associations by tumor subtype1–3. To identify novel loci, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 133,384 breast cancer cases and 113,789 controls, plus 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer) of European ancestry, using both standard and novel methodologies that account for underlying tumor heterogeneity by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status and tumor grade. We identified 32 novel susceptibility loci (P < 5.0 × 10−8), 15 of which showed evidence for associations with at least one tumor feature (false discovery rate (FDR)

Published
2019

5. BRCA2 Hypomorphic Missense Variants Confer Moderate Risks of Breast Cancer

Author

Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Henrik Flyger, Martha J. Shrubsole, Manjeet K. Bolla, Paolo Radice, Janet E. Olson, Xiao-Ou Shu, Ching-Yu Cheng, Kyriaki Michailidou, John L. Hopper, Annika Lindblom, Lizet E. van der Kolk, Paolo Peterlongo, Cora M. Aalfs, Susan L. Neuhausen, Hermela Shimelis, Jonine D. Figueroa, Florentia Fostira, Ji Yeob Choi, Fabienne Calléja, Setareh Moghadasi, Barbara Brouwers, Hui Miao, Pascal Guénel, Graham G. Giles, Roger L. Milne, Gord Glendon, Hidemi Ito, Per Hall, Jingmei Li, Elinor J. Sawyer, Javier Benitez, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Melissa C. Southey, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Curtis Olswold, Julian Peto, Valerie Rhenius, Katri Pylkäs, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Robert Winqvist, J. Margriet Collée, Mitul Shah, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Barbara Burwinkel, Pharoah Pd, Hermann Brenner, Keitaro Matsuo, Eva Machackova, Caroline M. Seynaeve, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Paul Brennan, Kathleen Claes, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Vessela N. Kristensen, Douglas F. Easton, Hoda Anton-Culver, Åsa Ehlén, Stig E. Bojesen, Maaike P.G. Vreeswijk, Irene L. Andrulis, Annegien Broeks, Joe Dennis, Daniel O. Stram, Simon S. Cross, Christopher A. Haiman, Hatef Darabi, Veli-Matti Kosma, Daehee Kang, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Alison M. Dunning, Aura Carreira, Antoinette Hollestelle, Kenneth Muir, Susan L. Slager, Thilo Dörk, Jennifer A. Leary, Sara Margolin, Jenna Lilyquist, Jenny Chang-Claude, Liliana Varesco, Amanda B. Spurdle, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Diana Torres, Emily Hallberg, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Kristiina Aittomäki, Harry Vrieling, Loic Le Marchand, Catharina von Nicolai, Angela Cox, Matthias W. Beckmann, Natalia Bogdanova, Volker Arndt, Anja Rudolph, Arto Mannermaa, Heli Nevanlinna, Jamie Hinton, Lenka Foretova, Logan C. Walker, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Wei Zheng, Ying Zheng, Peter Devilee, Lucia Guidugli, Frederik Marme, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Alvaro N.A. Monteiro, Anna H. Wu, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Mikael Hartman, Soo H. Teo, Hiltrud Brauch, Thomas Brüning, Artitaya Lophatananon, Peter A. Fasching, Diether Lambrechts, Christi J. van Asperen, Chen-Yang Shen, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Huong Meeks, Jan Lubinski, Kah-Nyin Lai, Ana Osorio, Chunling Hu, Qin Wang, Kamila Czene, Romy L. S. Mesman, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Charlotte Martin, Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Dunning, Alison [0000-0001-6651-7166], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Rhenius, Valerie [0000-0003-4215-3235], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, Human Genetics, Human genetics, and CCA - Cancer biology and immunology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Risk, Cancer Research, GENES, endocrine system diseases, Genotype, DNA-BINDING, Mutation, Missense, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Bioinformatics, OVARIAN-CANCER, CLASSIFICATION, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, UNCLASSIFIED VARIANTS, SEQUENCE VARIANTS, Missense mutation, Animals, Humans, skin and connective tissue diseases, Germ-Line Mutation, Aged, BRCA2 Protein, UNKNOWN CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE, Case-control study, Cancer, FUNCTIONAL-EVALUATION, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, CELL-BASED ASSAY, Amino Acid Substitution, UNCERTAIN SIGNIFICANCE, Case-Control Studies, Female, Ovarian cancer
Abstract

Breast cancer risks conferred by many germline missense variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, often referred to as variants of uncertain significance (VUS), have not been established. In this study, associations between 19 BRCA1 and 33 BRCA2 missense substitution variants and breast cancer risk were investigated through a breast cancer case–control study using genotyping data from 38 studies of predominantly European ancestry (41,890 cases and 41,607 controls) and nine studies of Asian ancestry (6,269 cases and 6,624 controls). The BRCA2 c.9104A>C, p.Tyr3035Ser (OR = 2.52; P = 0.04), and BRCA1 c.5096G>A, p.Arg1699Gln (OR = 4.29; P = 0.009) variant were associated with moderately increased risks of breast cancer among Europeans, whereas BRCA2 c.7522G>A, p.Gly2508Ser (OR = 2.68; P = 0.004), and c.8187G>T, p.Lys2729Asn (OR = 1.4; P = 0.004) were associated with moderate and low risks of breast cancer among Asians. Functional characterization of the BRCA2 variants using four quantitative assays showed reduced BRCA2 activity for p.Tyr3035Ser compared with wild-type. Overall, our results show how BRCA2 missense variants that influence protein function can confer clinically relevant, moderately increased risks of breast cancer, with potential implications for risk management guidelines in women with these specific variants. Cancer Res; 77(11); 2789–99. ©2017 AACR.

Published
2017
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6. Adding In Silico Assessment of Potential Splice Aberration to the Integrated Evaluation of BRCA Gene Unclassified Variants

Author

Maxime Vallée, Sean V. Tavtigian, David A. Nix, Russel Bell, Andrea Hoffman, Andrew M. Paquette, Amanda B. Spurdle, Tonya Di Sera, David E. Goldgar, Michael T. Parsons, and Frans B. L. Hogervorst

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Sequence analysis, unclassified variant, RNA Splicing, In silico, Mutation, Missense, cancer predisposition, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Databases, Genetic, Genetics, Humans, Missense mutation, Computer Simulation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, splice, rare variant, Gene, Research Articles, Genetics (clinical), BRCA2 Protein, BRCA1 Protein, variant of uncertain significance, Computational Biology, BRCA1, BRCA2, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Amino Acid Substitution, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, RNA splicing, Female, Research Article
Abstract

Clinical mutation screening of the cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 generates many unclassified variants (UVs). Most of these UVs are either rare missense substitutions or nucleotide substitutions near the splice junctions of the protein coding exons. Previously, we developed a quantitative method for evaluation of BRCA gene UVs—the “integrated evaluation”—that combines a sequence analysis‐based prior probability of pathogenicity with patient and/or tumor observational data to arrive at a posterior probability of pathogenicity. One limitation of the sequence analysis‐based prior has been that it evaluates UVs from the perspective of missense substitution severity but not probability to disrupt normal mRNA splicing. Here, we calibrated output from the splice‐site fitness program MaxEntScan to generate spliceogenicity‐based prior probabilities of pathogenicity for BRCA gene variants; these range from 0.97 for variants with high probability to damage a donor or acceptor to 0.02 for exonic variants that do not impact a splice junction and are unlikely to create a de novo donor. We created a database http://priors.hci.utah.edu/PRIORS/ that provides the combined missense substitution severity and spliceogenicity‐based probability of pathogenicity for BRCA gene single‐nucleotide substitutions. We also updated the BRCA gene Ex‐UV LOVD, available at http://hci‐exlovd.hci.utah.edu, with 77 re‐evaluable variants.

Published
2016
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7. Does rapid genetic counseling and testing in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients cause additional psychosocial distress? Results from a randomized clinical trial

Author

Rob B. van der Luijt, Thijs van Dalen, Senno Verhoef, Bart van Ooijen, Neil K. Aaronson, Heiddis Valdimarsdottir, Marijke R. Wevers, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Arjen J. Witkamp, B. C. Vrouenraets, Paul J Borgstein, Wim H. Bouma, Eveline M. A. Bleiker, Eline Vriens, Herman Rijna, Margreet G. E. M. Ausems, Marnix A. de Roos, E. B. M. Theunissen, Jacobien M. Kieffer, Emiel J. Th. Rutgers, Daniela E E Hahn, Titia Brouwer, Johannes P. Vente, and Klinische Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Time Factors, Genetic counseling, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Counseling, Newly diagnosed, Research Support, law.invention, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, breast cancer, Randomized controlled trial, Quality of life, law, BRCA1/2, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Genetic Testing, 030212 general & internal medicine, Non-U.S. Gov't, Genetics (clinical), Aged, business.industry, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, psychosocial distress, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Distress, genetic counseling and testing, quality of life, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Randomized Controlled Trial, Physical therapy, Female, business, Psychosocial
Abstract

Purpose: Female breast cancer patients carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation have an increased risk of second primary breast cancer. Rapid genetic counseling and testing (RGCT) before surgery may influence choice of primary surgical treatment. In this article, we report on the psychosocial impact of RGCT.Methods: Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients at risk for carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation were randomized to an intervention group (offer of RGCT) or a usual care control group (ratio 2:1). Psychosocial impact and quality of life were assessed with the Impact of Events Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Cancer Worry Scale, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23. Assessments took place at study entry and at 6- and 12-month follow-up visits.Results: Between 2008 and 2010, 265 patients were recruited into the study. Completeness of follow-up data was more than 90%. Of the 178 women in the intervention group, 177 had genetic counseling, of whom 71 (40%) had rapid DNA testing and 59 (33%) received test results before surgery. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses showed no statistically significant differences between groups over time in any of the psychosocial outcomes.Conclusions: In this study, RGCT in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients did not have any measurable adverse psychosocial effects.

Published
2016
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8. Association of Type and Location of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations With Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancer

Author

Caroline Seynaeve, Katja Harbst, Eric A. Ross, Nandita Mitra, Elisa Alducci, Marco Montagna, Janusz Menkiszak, Marion Gauthier-Villars, Javier Benitez, Carole Brewer, Etienne Rouleau, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Orland Diez, Anya Kushnir, Antonis C. Antoniou, Christine Rappaport, Florentia Fostira, Maurizio Genuardi, Simona Agata, Mark H. Greene, Mary Beth Terry, Nicola Dikow, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Min Hyuk Lee, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, Shirley Hodgson, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Alexander Miron, Laima Tihomirova, Alan Donaldson, Adalgeir Arason, Rosalind A. Eeles, Fergus J. Couch, Hans Jörg Plendl, Francesca Vignolo-Lutati, Ute Hamann, Jackie Cook, Torben A Kruse, Shani Paluch-Shimon, Lisa Walker, Doris Steinemann, Dorothea Gadzicki, Juul T. Wijnen, Markus C. Fleisch, Kenneth Offit, Mary B. Daly, Jamal Zidan, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Stephanie V. Blank, Marc Tischkowitz, Esther Darder, Annette Fontaine, Louise Izatt, Elżbieta Złowocka-Perłowska, Nadia Boutry-Kryza, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Stefanie Engert, Danièle Muller, Susan M. Domchek, Phuong L. Mai, Senno Verhoef, Bernhard H. F. Weber, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Kathleen Claes, Kristiina Aittomäki, Annemarie H. van der Hout, Sharon Sand, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Margreet G. E. M. Ausems, Aleksandra Tołoczko-Grabarek, Trevor Cole, Giulietta Scuvera, Ana Osorio, Niklas Loman, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Riccardo Dolcetti, Marit Beer, Harsh B. Pathak, Douglas F. Easton, Lone Sunde, Conxi Lázaro, Raanan Berger, Paolo Radice, Mads Thomassen, Ignacio Blanco, Joseph Vijai, Kristie Bobolis, János Papp, Jean-Pierre Fricker, Christine Walsh, Patricia A. Ganz, Marie Stenmark-Askmalm, Andrea Gehrig, Vernon S. Pankratz, Atocha Romero, Xianshu Wang, Loris Bernard, Viviana Gismondi, Mary Porteous, Muy-Kheng Tea, Karen H. Lu, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Bernardo Bonanni, Christoph Mundhenke, Julian Adlard, Bent Ejlertsen, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Patrick J. Morrison, Dezheng Huo, Cezary Cybulski, Jack Basil, Georg Pfeiler, Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich, Heli Nevanlinna, Anders Bojesen, Marion Piedmonte, Katherine L. Nathanson, Amanda E. Toland, Sung-Won Kim, Judy Garber, Amanda B. Spurdle, Noralane M. Lindor, Sanne Traasdahl Moeller, Hans Ehrencrona, Trinidad Caldés, Rosemarie Davidson, Karin Kast, Jenny Lester, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Norbert Arnold, Ana Peixoto, Christine Lasset, Andreas Berger, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Katie Wakely, Claude Houdayer, Mercedes Durán, Robert L. Nussbaum, Ramūnas Janavičius, Christina G. Selkirk, Paolo Aretini, Nina Ditsch, J. Margriet Collée, Rosa B. Barkardottir, Sue Healey, Tomasz Huzarski, Cora M. Aalfs, Gillian Mitchell, Peter J. Hulick, Encarna B. Gomez Garcia, Zakaria Einbeigi, Christian F. Singer, Leigha Senter, Yuan Chun Ding, Dieter Niederacher, Yael Laitman, Siranoush Manoukian, Christoph Engel, Anne De Paepe, Anneliese Fink-Retter, Irene L. Andrulis, Rachel Laframboise, Maria A. Caligo, Priyanka Sharma, Miguel de la Hoya, Teresa Ramón y Cajal, Bruce Poppe, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, Anne-Bine Skytte, Susan L. Neuhausen, Christian Sutter, Marie-Agnès Collonge-Rame, Johannes J. P. Gille, Barbara Pasini, Wendy K. Chung, Noah D. Kauff, M. John Kennedy, Diana Torres, Salina B. Chan, Mark E. Robson, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Eric Hahnen, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Grzegorz Sukiennicki, Esther M. John, Rohini Rau-Murthy, Alice S. Whittemore, Kunle Odunsi, Masoud Azodi, John F. Boggess, Sue K. Park, Rita K. Schmutzler, Muriel Belotti, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Simon A. Gayther, Fei Wan, Andrew K. Godwin, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Daniela Zaffaroni, Jacques Simard, Susan Peock, Soo Hwang Teo, Claus R. Bartram, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Maria-Isabel Tejada, Giuseppe Giannini, Mónica Salinas, Banu Arun, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Jacek Gronwald, Alexandra Becker, Tara M. Friebel, Lenka Foretova, Catherine Noguès, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Valeria Pensotti, Antonella Savarese, Debra Frost, Beatrice Melin, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Steve Ellis, Jean-Philippe Peyrat, Hagay Sobol, Kim De Leeneer, Radka Platte, Jan Lubinski, Javier Godino, Lesley McGuffog, Tomasz Byrski, Claudine Isaacs, Johanna Rantala, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Carolien M. Kets, Uffe Birk Jensen, Katarzyna Durda, Linda Steele, Beth Y. Karlan, Ava Kwong, Alfons Meindl, Lucia Guidugli, Raymonda Varon-Mateeva, D. Gareth Evans, Edith Olah, Isabelle Mortemousque, Manuel R. Teixeira, Joyce Seldon, Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek, Bernard Peissel, Saundra S. Buys, Peter Devilee, Kerstin Rhiem, Eitan Friedman, RS: GROW - Oncology, RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Cancer Research UK, National Institutes of Health (US), University of Pennsylvania, Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Human Genetics, Human genetics, and Epidemiology and Data Science

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, Genes, BRCA2, MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Genes, BRCA1, cancer risk, Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA, medicine.disease_cause, MOUSE MODELS, Risk Factors, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Age of Onset, POSITION, skin and connective tissue diseases, Adult, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Heterozygote, Humans, Middle Aged, Nucleotides, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Mutation, Medicine (all), MESSENGER-RNA DECAY, UNKNOWN CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, mutation type and position, cancer risk, TheoryofComputation_GENERAL, General Medicine, GERMLINE MUTATIONS, CARRIERS, 3. Good health, SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE, Medical genetics, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], medicine.medical_specialty, PROTEINS, mutation type and position, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, DNA-SEQUENCE VARIANTS, Article, REGION, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, medicine, BRCA1 or BRCA2, business.industry, Cancer, Heterozygote advantage, medicine.disease, Cancer research, Age of onset, Ovarian cancer, business
Abstract

CIMBA Consortium et al., PMID: 25849179, [Importance]: Limited information about the relationship between specific mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) and cancer risk exists. [Objective]: To identify mutation-specific cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1/2. [Design, Setting, and Participants]: Observational study ofwomen whowere ascertained between 1937 and 2011 (median, 1999) and found to carry disease-associated BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. The international sample comprised 19 581 carriers of BRCA1 mutations and 11 900 carriers of BRCA2 mutations from 55 centers in 33 countries on 6 continents.We estimated hazard ratios for breast and ovarian cancer based on mutation type, function, and nucleotide position.We also estimated RHR, the ratio of breast vs ovarian cancer hazard ratios. A value of RHR greater than 1 indicated elevated breast cancer risk; a value of RHR less than 1 indicated elevated ovarian cancer risk. [Exposures]: Mutations of BRCA1 or BRCA2. [Main Outcomes and Measures]: Breast and ovarian cancer risks. [Results]: Among BRCA1 mutation carriers, 9052 women (46%) were diagnosed with breast cancer, 2317 (12%) with ovarian cancer, 1041 (5%) with breast and ovarian cancer, and 7171 (37%) without cancer. Among BRCA2 mutation carriers, 6180 women (52%) were diagnosed with breast cancer, 682 (6%) with ovarian cancer, 272 (2%) with breast and ovarian cancer, and 4766 (40%) without cancer. In BRCA1, we identified 3 breast cancer cluster regions (BCCRs) located at c.179 to c.505 (BCCR1; RHR = 1.46; 95%CI, 1.22-1.74; P = 2 × 10-6), c.4328 to c.4945 (BCCR2; RHR = 1.34; 95%CI, 1.01-1.78; P = .04), and c. 5261 to c.5563 (BCCR2', RHR = 1.38; 95%CI, 1.22-1.55; P = 6 × 10-9).We also identified an ovarian cancer cluster region (OCCR) from c.1380 to c.4062 (approximately exon 11) with RHR = 0.62 (95%CI, 0.56-0.70; P = 9 × 10-17). In BRCA2, we observed multiple BCCRs spanning c.1 to c.596 (BCCR1; RHR = 1.71; 95%CI, 1.06-2.78; P = .03), c.772 to c.1806 (BCCR1'; RHR = 1.63; 95%CI, 1.10-2.40; P = .01), and c.7394 to c.8904 (BCCR2; RHR = 2.31; 95%CI, 1.69-3.16; P = .00002).We also identified 3 OCCRs: the first (OCCR1) spanned c.3249 to c.5681 that was adjacent to c.5946delT (6174delT; RHR = 0.51; 95%CI, 0.44-0.60; P = 6 × 10-17). The second OCCR spanned c.6645 to c.7471 (OCCR2; RHR = 0.57; 95%CI, 0.41-0.80; P = .001). Mutations conferring nonsense-mediated decay were associated with differential breast or ovarian cancer risks and an earlier age of breast cancer diagnosis for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. [Conclusions and Relevance]: Breast and ovarian cancer risks varied by type and location of BRCA1/2 mutations. With appropriate validation, these data may have implications for risk assessment and cancer prevention decision making for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations., Dr Antoniou and the CIMBA data management are funded by Cancer Research UK. Dr Easton is a Principal Research Fellow of Cancer Research UK. Dr Rebbeck is supported by R01-CA083855, R01-CA102776, and P50-CA083638 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dr Rebbeck, Dr Nathanson, Ms Friebel, and Dr Domchek are supported by the Basser Research Center at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr Nathanson is supported by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Drs Domchek and Nathanson are supported by the Rooney Family Foundation. Dr Poppe is supported by R01-CA112520 from NIH. Cancer Research UK provided financial support for this work. Dr Antoniou is a Senior Cancer Research UK Cancer Research Fellow. Dr Phillips is a National Breast Cancer Foundation (Australia) Practitioner Fellow.

Published
2015
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9. Identification of four novel susceptibility loci for oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer

Author

Javier Benitez, Marie Stenmark-Askmalm, Susan L. Neuhausen, Pascal Guénel, Jane Carpenter, Christine B. Ambrosone, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Gad Rennert, Stephen J. Chanock, Andrew K. Godwin, Regina M. Santella, Brita Arver, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Kamila Czene, Vessela N. Kristensen, Natalia Bogdanova, Nazneen Rahman, Jianjun Liu, Federico Canzian, Hoda Anton-Culver, Maya Ghoussaini, Mark E. Robson, Sue K. Park, Manjeet K. Bolla, Roger L. Milne, Veli-Matti Kosma, Siranoush Manoukian, Angela Cox, Daniel F. Schmidt, Kay-Tee Khaw, Rosario Tumino, Melissa C. Southey, Ramunas Janavicius, Irene Konstantopoulou, Carl Blomqvist, John L. Hopper, Sue Healey, Christine Rappaport, Marco Montagna, SA Gayther, Heather Eliassen, Carolien H.M. van Deurzen, Jacques Simard, Emiel J. Rutgers, Jonine Figueroa, Maria A. Caligo, Volker Arndt, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, M.J. Hooning, Antoinette Hollestelle, Mary B. Daly, Robert Winqvist, Antonis C. Antoniou, Patricia A. Ganz, Orland Diez, Priyanka Sharma, Ana Osorio, Daniel Barrowdale, Loic Le Marchand, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Elinor J. Sawyer, Conxi Lázaro, Soo-Hwang Teo, Penny Soucy, Paolo Radice, John W. M. Martens, Steve Ellis, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Maria Kabisch, Raymonda Varon-Mateeva, Diether Lambrechts, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Leigha Senter, Anna González-Neira, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Brian E. Henderson, Rulla M. Tamimi, Sara Margolin, Susan M. Gapstur, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Amanda E. Toland, Anna Marie Mulligan, Irene L. Andrulis, Isabelle Romieu, Monica Barile, Florentia Fostira, Johanna Rantala, Enes Makalic, Eitan Friedman, Zhaoming Wang, Mark H. Greene, Noralane M. Lindor, Julie M. Cunningham, Riccardo Dolcetti, Steven N. Hart, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Austin Miller, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Asta Försti, Kathleen E. Malone, Paolo Peterlongo, Lothar Haeberle, Celine M. Vachon, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Michael Jones, Laima Tihomirova, Penelope Miron, Eunjung Lee, María José Sánchez, Hatef Darabi, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Matthias W. Beckmann, Edith Olah, Annika Lindblom, Phuong L. Mai, Emily Hallberg, Alison M. Dunning, Kathleen Claes, Esther M. John, Sofia Khan, David J. Hunter, Kristiina Aittomäki, Katherine L. Nathanson, Lars Beckmann, Stephanie V. Blank, Wei Zheng, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Heli Nevanlinna, Miguel de la Hoya, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Bruce Poppe, Catherine M. Phelan, S. Lindstrom, Stig E. Bojesen, Curtis Olswold, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Janet E. Olson, Tuomas Heikkinen, Judy Garber, Fergus J. Couch, Tara M. Friebel, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Douglas F. Easton, Song Yao, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Hans Ehrencrona, Simon S. Cross, Rodney J. Scott, Kenneth Offit, Petra H.M. Peeters, Clare Turnbull, Taru A. Muranen, William J. Tapper, Trinidad Caldés, Jenny Lester, Robert L. Nussbaum, Paul A. James, Marike Gabrielson, Susan M. Domchek, Mads Thomassen, Marilie D. Gammon, Susan L. Slager, Graham G. Giles, Silje Nord, Hans Wildiers, Hiltrud Brauch, Gustavo Mendoza-Fandiño, Christopher A. Haiman, Martine Dumont, Mark S. Goldberg, Bernardo Bonanni, Jirong Long, Kyriaki Michailidou, Ute Hamann, Wendy K. Chung, Marc J. Gunter, Mia M. Gaudet, Keith Humphreys, Per Hall, Yuan C. Ding, Simona Agata, Julia A. Knight, Robert Pilarski, Claudine Isaacs, Alvaro A.N. Monteiro, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Rosa B. Barkardottir, Beth Y. Karlan, Uffe Birk Jensen, Arif B. Ekici, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Alex Teulé, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Frederik Marme, Debra Frost, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Yon Ko, Xiaohong R. Yang, Jan Lubinski, Peter A. Fasching, Lesley McGuffog, Jacek Gronwald, Katri Pylkäs, Banu Arun, Josef Herzog, Gord Glendon, Doris Steinemann, Tomasz Huzarski, Peter Kraft, Anja Rudolph, Arto Mannermaa, Habibul Ahsan, Christian F. Singer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Giski Ursin, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Andrea L. Richardson, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Alice S. Whittemore, Hermann Brenner, Barbara Burwinkel, D Thompson, Csilla I. Szabo, M. Pilar Zamora, Janna Lilyquist, Muhammad G. Kibriya, Yael Laitman, Helen Tsimiklis, W. D. Foulkes, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, Robert N. Hoover, Ava Kwong, Alfons Meindl, Siddhartha Kar, Manuel R. Teixeira, Elisabete Weiderpass, Bernard Peissel, Saundra S. Buys, Peter Devilee, Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. 7 Programa Marco, Cancer Research UK (Reino Unido), National Institutes of Health (Estados Unidos), Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Florida Breast Cancer Foundation (Estados Unidos), Dunning, Alison [0000-0001-6651-7166], Ghoussaini, Maya [0000-0002-2415-2143], Khaw, Kay-Tee [0000-0002-8802-2903], Thompson, Deborah [0000-0003-1465-5799], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Antoniou, Antonis [0000-0001-9223-3116], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medical Oncology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pathology, Cell biology, Medicum, Kristiina Aittomäki / Principal Investigator, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Clinicum, Department of Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, and [ 1 ] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA [ 2 ] Mayo Clin, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Rochester, MN 55905 USA [ 3 ] Univ Cambridge, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Ctr Canc Genet Epidemiol, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England [ 4 ] Univ S Florida, Coll Med, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Canc Epidemiol Program, Tampa, FL 33612 USA [ 5 ] Radiumhosp, Oslo Univ Hosp, Inst Canc Res, Dept Genet, N-0310 Oslo, Norway [ 6 ] IRCCS, IOV, Immunol & Mol Oncol Unit, I-20133 Padua, Italy [ 7 ] Univ Chicago, Dept Hlth Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA [ 8 ] Univ Chicago, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Chicago, IL 60637 USA [ 9 ] Univ Chicago, Dept Med & Human Genet, Chicago, IL 60637 USA [ 10 ] Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, Dept Clin Genet, Helsinki 00029, Finland [ 11 ] Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Dept Canc Prevent & Control, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA [ 12 ] Mt Sinai Hosp, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada [ 13 ] Univ Toronto, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada [ 14 ] Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathobiol, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada [ 15 ] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Epidemiol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA [ 16 ] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol & Aging Res, D-69120 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Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association study, Cyclophilins, Breast cancer, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Risk Factors, Brjóstakrabbamein, Genotype, BRCA2 MUTATION CARRIERS, Medicine and Health Sciences, CONFER SUSCEPTIBILITY, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cancer, GENE-EXPRESSION, Genetics, RISK, tRNA Methyltransferases, Multidisciplinary, Genome, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801, Loci, BRCA1 Protein, Chromosome Mapping, COMMON VARIANTS, IDENTIFY, PANCREATIC-CANCER, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Biological sciences, Receptors, Estrogen, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, NAF12, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Science, 3122 Cancers, Locus (genetics), Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Breast Neoplasms/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Càncer de mama, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Pancreatic cancer, MD Multidisciplinary, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Journal Article, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, METAANALYSIS, Cancer och onkologi, Science & Technology, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Oncology: 762, General Chemistry, Arfgengi, medicine.disease, TRNA Methyltransferases, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Onkologi: 762, 030104 developmental biology, Cancer and Oncology, Expression quantitative trait loci, Mutation, TELOMERE LENGTH, 3111 Biomedicine, Gene expression, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Common variants in 94 loci have been associated with breast cancer including 15 loci with genome-wide significant associations (P, B.C.A.C. was funded through a European Community Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no 223175 (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175; COGS); Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10118, C1287/A10710, C12292/A11174, C1281/A12014, C5047/A8384, C5047/A15007, C5047/A10692); the National Institutes of Health Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA116201), R01 grants (CA128978, CA176785, CA192393), and Post-Cancer GWAS initiative (1U19 CA148537, 1U19 CA148065 and 1U19 CA148112 - the GAME-ON initiative); the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer, the Breast Cancer Res. Foundation, and the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund. CIMBA genotyping was supported by National Institutes of Health grant (CA128978); the Department of Defence (W81XWH-10-1-0341); and the Breast Cancer Res. Foundation. CIMBA data management and data analysis were supported by Cancer Research UK grants C12292/A11174 and C1287/A10118. This study made use of data generated by the Wellcome Trust Case Control consortium. Functional studies were supported by the Florida Breast Cancer Foundation. A full description of funding and acknowledgments is provided in Supplementary Note 1.

Published
2018
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10. Fine-Scale Mapping of the FGFR2 Breast Cancer Risk Locus: Putative Functional Variants Differentially Bind FOXA1 and E2F1

Author

Per Hall, Hui Cai, Roger L. Milne, Douglas F. Easton, Anja Rudolph, José Ignacio Arias, Vessela N. Kristensen, Julia A. Knight, Lisa B. Signorello, Petra Seibold, Jonathan Tyrer, Arto Mannermaa, Alan Ashworth, Andreas Schneeweiss, Sandra Deming-Halverson, Katarzyna Durda, Kimael Eriksson, Thilo Dörk, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Alfons Meindl, Laura Baglietto, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Peter Devilee, Qiuyin Cai, Janet E. Olson, Keith Humphreys, Annegien Broeks, Soo Hwang Teo, Michael P. Lux, Sze Yee Phuah, Federick Marme, Pascal Guénel, Hidemi Ito, Irene L. Andrulis, Natalia Bogdanova, Christoph Engel, Juliet D. French, Nina Ditsch, Xianshu Wang, Susan L. Slager, Bernardo Bonanni, Hermann Brenner, Nick Orr, Marie Rose Christiaens, Martine Dumont, Martin O'Reilly, Annika Lindblom, Catriona McLean, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Sara Margolin, Kerstin B. Meyer, Martha J. Shrubsole, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Hans Ulrich Ulmer, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Kyriaki Michailidou, Brian E. Henderson, Nicola Miller, Sandrine Tchatchou, Stig E. Bojesen, Pornthep Siriwanarangsan, Joe Dennis, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Matthias W. Beckmann, Fergus J. Couch, David Van Den Berg, Celine M. Vachon, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Ian Tomlinson, Thomas Brüning, Maya Ghoussaini, Mikael Hartman, Kristiina Aittomäki, Thérèse Truong, Katarzyna Jaworska, Yon Ko, Yu Tang Gao, Paolo Peterlongo, Stacey L. Edwards, Saskia Carlebur, Hartef Darabi, Pei Ei Wu, Ute Hamann, M. Pilar Zamora, Taru A. Muranen, Jirong Long, Stephen J. Chanock, William Blot, Sonja Helbig, Heiko Müller, Christina Clarke Dur, Ji Yeob Choi, Melissa C. Southey, Olivia Fletcher, Ming-Feng Hou, Hiroji Iwata, Nichola Johnson, Wei Zheng, Robert Winqvist, Diether Lambrechts, Javier Benitez, Chen-Yang Shen, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Chia-Ni Hsiung, James McKay, Kristen S. Purrington, Cheng Har Yip, Ann Smeets, Valerie Gaborieau, Keitaro Matsuo, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Anna Jakubowska, Dong Young Noh, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Ines de Santiago, Hiltrud Brauch, Vesa Kataja, Yasushi Yatabe, Anna H. Wu, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnæs, Jonine D. Figueroa, Christopher A. Haiman, Florence Menegaux, Hoda Anton-Culver, Paul Brennan, Veli-Matti Kosma, Bruce A.J. Ponder, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Thomas Rüdiger, Shaik Ahmad Buhari, Katri Pylkäs, Gord Glendon, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Sune F. Nielsen, Mark S. Goldberg, Angela Cox, Carolien H.M. van Deurzen, Artitaya Lophatananon, Radhika Prathalingham, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Wei Lu, Peter A. Fasching, Florentia Fostira, Wei-Yen Lim, Barbara Burwinkel, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael J. Kerin, Maartje J. Hooning, Kamila Czene, Asta Försti, Loic Le Marchand, Gianluca Severi, Volker Arndt, John L. Hopper, Jan Lubinski, Jacques Simard, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Alison M. Dunning, Kenneth Muir, Saila Kauppila, Laura J. van't Veer, John W.M. Martens, Helen Tsimiklis, Loris Bernard, Heli Nevanlinna, Jolanta Lissowska, Robert Pilarski, Qin Wang, Paolo Radice, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Jianjun Liu, Graham G. Giles, Henrik Flyger, Arif B. Ekici, Xiao-Ou Shu, Manjeet K. Bolla, Carl Blomqvist, Daehee Kang, Argyrios Ziogas, Bernard Thienpont, Patricia Harrington, Sue K. Park, Christa Stegmaier, Sarah Stewart-Brown, Elinor J. Sawyer, Miao Hui, Susan L. Neuhausen, Daniel O. Stram, Christof Sohn, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Jingmei Li, Carmel Apicella, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, Pathology, and Cardiothoracic Surgery

Subjects
Fibroblast Growth Factor, african-american, Genome-wide association study, Medical and Health Sciences, Chromosome conformation capture, 0302 clinical medicine, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Genetics(clinical), Aetiology, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Genetics (clinical), Cancer, African Continental Ancestry Group, Genetics & Heredity, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Tumor, Chromosome Mapping, Biological Sciences, 3. Good health, Chromatin, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, kConFab Investigators, Female, RNA Interference, women, GENICA Network, transcription, reveals, Type 2, Alleles, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Binding Sites, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cell Line, Tumor, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, E2F1 Transcription Factor, European Continental Ancestry Group, Genetic Association Studies, Haplotypes, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha, Humans, Position-Specific Scoring Matrices, Protein Binding, Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2, Genetic Loci, Receptor, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, Black People, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), Biology, determinant, White People, Article, Cell Line, estrogen-receptor binding, Promoter Regions, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Asian People, Breast Cancer, expression, ddc:610, Allele, 030304 developmental biology, Neoplastic, Prevention, Human Genome, Molecular biology, susceptibility loci, Gene Expression Regulation, genome-wide association, chromatin, Hypersensitive site, Chromatin immunoprecipitation
Abstract

The 10q26 locus in the second intron of FGFR2 is the locus most strongly associated with estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer in genome-wide association studies. We conducted fine-scale mapping in case-control studies genotyped with a custom chip (iCOGS), comprising 41 studies (n = 89,050) of European ancestry, 9 Asian ancestry studies (n = 13,983), and 2 African ancestry studies (n = 2,028) from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. We identified three statistically independent risk signals within the locus. Within risk signals 1 and 3, genetic analysis identified five and two variants, respectively, highly correlated with the most strongly associated SNPs. By using a combination of genetic fine mapping, data on DNase hypersensitivity, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays to study protein-DNA binding, we identified rs35054928, rs2981578, and rs45631563 as putative functional SNPs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that FOXA1 preferentially bound to the risk-associated allele (C) of rs2981578 and was able to recruit ERα to this site in an allele-specific manner, whereas E2F1 preferentially bound the risk variant of rs35054928. The risk alleles were preferentially found in open chromatin and bound by Ser5 phosphorylated RNA polymerase II, suggesting that the risk alleles are associated with changes in transcription. Chromatin conformation capture demonstrated that the risk region was able to interact with the promoter of FGFR2, the likely target gene of this risk region. A role for FOXA1 in mediating breast cancer susceptibility at this locus is consistent with the finding that the FGFR2 risk locus primarily predisposes to estrogen-receptor-positive disease. © 2013 The American Society of Human Genetics.

Published
2013
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11. Evaluation of copy-number variants as modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers

Author

Debra Frost, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Lesley McGuffog, Amanda B. Spurdle, Tracy A. O'Mara, Xiaoqing Chen, Logan C. Walker, Conxi Lázaro, Paolo Radice, Javier Benitez, Kenneth Offit, Trinidad Caldés, Anna Jakubowska, Irene L. Andrulis, Marco Montagna, George A. R. Wiggins, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, John F. Pearson, Antonis C. Antoniou, Daniel Barrowdale, Annika Lindblom, Peter J. Hulick, Robert L. Nussbaum, Andrew K. Godwin, Alfons Meindl, Claudine Isaacs, Beth N. Peshkin, Michael T. Parsons, Louise Marquart, Rita K. Schmutzler, Thomas P. Slavin, Joe Dennis, Katherine L. Nathanson, Fergus J. Couch, National Science Foundation (Estados Unidos), Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Wellcome Trust, University of Kansas. Cancer Center (Estados Unidos), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER/ERDF), Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research, and Cancer Council of South (Australia)

Subjects
Adult, Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II, 0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, DNA Copy Number Variations, endocrine system diseases, Etiology, Càncer d'ovari, Breast Neoplasms, Locus (genetics), Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Article, Càncer de mama, Transcription Factors, TFII, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Ovarian cancer, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Copy-number variation, Cytochrome P450 Family 2, Allele frequency, Genetics (clinical), Genetic association, Ovarian Neoplasms, Genes, Modifier, BRCA1 Protein, Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins, medicine.disease, DNA-Binding Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, Càncer d'ovaris, Etiologia, Female, Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases, SNP array
Abstract

Genome-wide studies of patients carrying pathogenic variants (mutations) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 have reported strong associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and cancer risk. To conduct the first genome-wide association analysis of copy-number variants (CNVs) with breast or ovarian cancer risk in a cohort of 2500 BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers, CNV discovery was performed using multiple calling algorithms and Illumina 610k SNP array data from a previously published genome-wide association study. Our analysis, which focused on functionally disruptive genomic deletions overlapping gene regions, identified a number of loci associated with risk of breast or ovarian cancer for BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Despite only including putative deletions called by at least two or more algorithms, detection of selected CNVs by ancillary molecular technologies only confirmed 40% of predicted common (>1% allele frequency) variants. These include four loci that were associated (unadjusted P

Published
2017

12. Association of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with genetic variants showing differential allelic expression: identification of a modifier of breast cancer risk at locus 11q22.3

Author

Marco Montagna, Bruno Buecher, Goska Leslie, Daniel Barrowdale, Anita Bane, Louise Izatt, Eitan Friedman, Yosr Hamdi, Kenneth Offit, Klaartje van Engelen, Soo Hwang Teo, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Conxi Lázaro, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, Yuan Chun Ding, Laura Papi, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Katarzyna Kaczmarek, Laima Tihomirova, Jacek Gronwald, Jocelyne Chiquette, Patricia A. Ganz, Thomas P. Slavin, Kathleen Claes, Paolo Radice, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Adalgeir Arason, Lenka Foretova, Milena Mariani, Johanna Rantala, Pascaline Berthet, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Claudine Isaacs, Esther M. John, Maite Laurent, Irene L. Andrulis, Juul T. Wijnen, Paolo Peterlongo, Susan M. Domchek, Banu Arun, Amanda E. Toland, Anna Marie Mulligan, Penny Soucy, Kristiina Aittomäki, Orland Diez, Heli Nevanlinna, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Austin Miller, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Raymonda Varon-Mateeva, Alfons Meindl, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Niklas Loman, Paul A. James, Susan L. Neuhausen, Muy Kheng Tea, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Arnaud Droit, D. Gareth Evans, Mark E. Robson, Jennifer T. Loud, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Judy Garber, Douglas F. Easton, Jacques Simard, Mark H. Greene, Pamela S. Ganschow, Edith Olah, Audrey Lemaçon, Norbert Arnold, Catherine M. Phelan, Gad Rennert, Judy Kirk, Johanna Sokolowska, Tomi Pastinen, Robert L. Nussbaum, Simon A. Gayther, Karoline B. Kuchenbaeker, Mads Thomassen, Ros Eeles, Riccardo Dolcetti, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Marc Tischkowitz, George Fountzilas, Laure Barjhoux, Kristie Bobolis, Christoph Engel, Bernardo Bonanni, Sue K. Park, Beth Y. Karlan, Nicolas Sevenet, Bent Ejlertsen, Wendy K. Chung, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Amanda B. Spurdle, Peter J. Hulick, Mary B. Daly, Yen Y. Tan, Annelie Liljegren, Carolien M. Kets, Miguel de la Hoya, Gord Glendon, Mieke Kriege, Rita K. Schmutzler, Manuel R. Teixeira, Christine Rappaport-Fuerhauser, Pedro Pérez Segura, William D. Foulkes, Rosemarie Davidson, Steven N. Hart, Javier Benitez, Jenny Lester, Melissa C. Southey, Ramunas Janavicius, Uffe Birk Jensen, Zakaria Einbeigi, Christian F. Singer, Jacopo Azzollini, Alex Teulé, David E. Goldgar, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Anna Jakubowska, Angela R. Bradbury, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Carole Brewer, Zsofia K. Stadler, Nadine Tung, Eric Hahnen, Vijai Joseph, Grzegorz Sukiennicki, Siranoush Manoukian, Debra Frost, Maria A. Caligo, Andrew K. Godwin, Christian Sutter, Bernard Peissel, Andrea L. Richardson, Kim De Leeneer, Antonis C. Antoniou, Florentia Fostira, Lesley McGuffog, Matti A. Rookus, Mary Beth Terry, Saundra S. Buys, Fabienne Lesueur, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Julian Adlard, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Marinus J. Blok, Yael Laitman, Rob B. van der Luijt, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, Katherine L. Nathanson, Silje Nord, Kai Ren Ong, Ana Osorio, Katie Snape, Fergus J. Couch, John L. Hays, Walter Just, Ute Hamann, Silvia Tognazzo, Payal D. Shah, Valérie Bonadona, Ida Marie Heeholm Sonderstrup, Lídia Feliubadaló, RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, MUMC+: DA KG Lab Centraal Lab (9), European Research Council, Cancer Research UK (Reino Unido), Post-cancer GWAS Initiative, United States Department of Defense, Research Council of Lithuania, Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (España), Fondation ARC pour la recherche sur le cancer, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ministère de Économie, Innovation et Exportation (Canadá), University of Kansas. Cancer Center (Estados Unidos), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Non-therapeutic Subject Registry Shared Resource at Georgetown University (NIH/NCI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Finlands Akademi (Finlandia), Dutch Cancer Society (Holanda), Dutch Research Council (Holanda), Pink Ribbons Project, Biobanking and BioMolecular resources Research Infrastructure (Países Bajos), Transcan Grant JTC Cancer, Hungarian Research Grants, Government of Catalonia (España), Ministry of Health and Welfare (Corea del Sur), United States of Department of Health & Human Services, State Budget of the Czech Republic (RECAMO), Charles University (República Checa), Westat (Estados Unidos), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, GOG Foundation. Gynecologic Oncology Group, Italian Association for Cancer Research, Clinical Genetics, CCA - Cancer biology and immunology, Human genetics, Epidemiology and Data Science, Human Genetics, Leslie, Goska [0000-0001-5756-6222], Tischkowitz, Marc [0000-0002-7880-0628], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Antoniou, Antonis [0000-0001-9223-3116], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medicum, Clinicum, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), and Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Genetic modifiers, Cancer Research, Epidemiology, Genes, BRCA2, BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, Genes, BRCA1, Gene Expression, Gene mutation, DISEASE, Breast cancer, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Medicine and Health Sciences, INVESTIGATORS, mutation carriers, skin and connective tissue diseases, Genetics, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, 3. Good health, Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 17], Oncology, Female, Differential allelic expression, Risk, Heterozygote, 3122 Cancers, Quantitative Trait Loci, NPAT, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Locus (genetics), Breast Neoplasms, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, OVARIAN-CANCER, 03 medical and health sciences, CYCLIN E-CDK2, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Journal Article, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Genetic susceptibility, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, BRCA1 and BRCA2, Alleles, Genetic association, HUMAN-CELLS, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11, CONSORTIUM, Genetic Variation, DNA, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Cis-regulatory variants, 3111 Biomedicine
Abstract

PURPOSE: Cis-acting regulatory SNPs resulting in differential allelic expression (DAE) may, in part, explain the underlying phenotypic variation associated with many complex diseases. To investigate whether common variants associated with DAE were involved in breast cancer susceptibility among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, a list of 175 genes was developed based of their involvement in cancer-related pathways. METHODS: Using data from a genome-wide map of SNPs associated with allelic expression, we assessed the association of ~320 SNPs located in the vicinity of these genes with breast and ovarian cancer risks in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8211 BRCA2 mutation carriers ascertained from 54 studies participating in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. RESULTS: We identified a region on 11q22.3 that is significantly associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (most significant SNP rs228595 p = 7 × 10-6). This association was absent in BRCA2 carriers (p = 0.57). The 11q22.3 region notably encompasses genes such as ACAT1, NPAT, and ATM. Expression quantitative trait loci associations were observed in both normal breast and tumors across this region, namely for ACAT1, ATM, and other genes. In silico analysis revealed some overlap between top risk-associated SNPs and relevant biological features in mammary cell data, which suggests potential functional significance. CONCLUSION: We identified 11q22.3 as a new modifier locus in BRCA1 carriers. Replication in larger studies using estrogen receptor (ER)-negative or triple-negative (i.e., ER-, progesterone receptor-, and HER2-negative) cases could therefore be helpful to confirm the association of this locus with breast cancer risk. Funding for the iCOGS infrastructure came from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 223175 (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175) (COGS), Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10118, C1287/A 10710, C12292/A11174, C1281/A12014, C5047/A8384, C5047/A15007, C5047/A10692, C8197/A16565), the National Institutes of Health (CA128978) and Post-cancer GWAS Initiative (1U19 CA148537, 1U19 CA148065, and 1U19 CA148112: the GAME-ON Initiative), the Department of Defence (W81XWH-10-1-0341), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer, Komen Foundation for the Cure, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, and the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund. BCFR: this work was supported by Grant UM1 CA164920 from the National Cancer Institute. BFBOCC was supported by Lithuania (BFBOCC-LT): Research Council of Lithuania Grant SEN-18/2015. BIDMC was supported by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. BRCA-gene mutations and breast cancer in South African women (BMBSA) was supported by Grants from the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA) to Elizabeth J. van Rensburg. BRICOH: SLN was partially supported by the Morris and Horowitz Families Endowed Professorship. CNIO: this work was partially supported by Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC08), RTICC 06/0020/1060, FISPI08/1120, Mutua Madrilena Foundation (FMMA), and SAF2010-20493. COH-CCGCRN: patients were recruited for this study from the City of Hope Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, supported in part by Award Number RC4CA153828 (PI: J. Weitzel) from the National Cancer Institute and the Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health. CONSIT Team: Associazione Italiana Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) to P. Peterlongo (IG 2012 Id. 12821) and P. Radice (IG 2014 Id. 15547). Funds from Italian citizens who allocated the 5 9 1000 share of their tax payment in support of the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, according to Italian laws (INT-Institutional Strategic Projects '5x1000') to S. Manoukian. FiorGen Foundation for Pharmacogenomics to L. Papi. CORE: the CIMBA Data Management and Data Analysis were supported by Cancer Research: UK Grants C12292/A20861, C12292/A11174. ACA is a Cancer Research-UK Senior Cancer Research Fellow. GCT is an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellow. J. Lecarpentier has been financially supported by the Fondation ARC (FONDATION ARC, 9 rue Guy Moquet 94803 Villejuif: France), Grant Number SAE20131200623. This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the "CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer" Program: Grant No. CRN-87521 and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade: Grant No. PSR-SIIRI-701. The PERSPECTIVE Project was supported by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Ministere de l'Economie, Innovation et Exportation du Quebec through Genome Quebec, and The Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation. This work was also supported by the Ministere de l'Economie, Innovation et Exportation du Quebec: Grant No. PSR-SIIRI-701. DEMOKRITOS: this research has been co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund: ESF) and Greek National Funds through the Operational Program "Education and Lifelong Learning" of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF): Research Funding Program of the General Secretariat for Research and Technology: SYN11_10_19 NBCA. Investing in Knowledge Society through the European Social Fund. The DKFZ Study was supported by the DKFZ. EMBRACE was supported by Cancer Research UK Grants C1287/A10118 and C1287/A11990. D. Gareth Evans and Fiona Lalloo were supported by an NIHR Grant to the Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester. The Investigators at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust were supported by an NIHR Grant to the Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. Ros Eeles and Elizabeth Bancroft were supported by Cancer Research UK Grant C5047/A8385. Ros Eeles was also supported by NIHR support to the Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust. FCCC: the authors acknowledge the support from The University of Kansas Cancer Center (P30 CA168524) and the Kansas Bioscience Authority Eminent Scholar Program. A.K.G. was funded by 5U01CA113916, R01CA140323, and by the Chancellors Distinguished Chair in Biomedical Sciences Professorship. The German Consortium of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (GC-HBOC) was supported by the German Cancer Aid (Grant No. 110837, Rita K. Schmutzler). This work was supported by the European Regional Development Fund and Free State of Saxony, Germany (LIFE: Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Project Numbers 713-241202, 713-241202, 14505/2470, 14575/2470). GEMO: the study was supported by the Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer; the Association "Le cancer du sein, parlons-en!" Award; the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the "CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer" Program and the French National Institute of Cancer (INCa). GEORGETOWN: CI received support from the Non-therapeutic Subject Registry Shared Resource at Georgetown University (NIH/NCI Grant P30-CA051008), the Fisher Center for Hereditary Cancer and Clinical GenomicsResearch, and Swing Fore the Cure. G-FAST: Bruce Poppe is a Senior Clinical Investigator of FWO. Mattias Van Heetvelde obtained funding from IWT. HCSC was supported by a Grant RD12/0036/0006 and 15/00059 from ISCIII (Spain), partially supported by European Regional Development FEDER Funds. The HEBCS was financially supported by the Helsinki University Hospital Research Fund, Academy of Finland (266528), the Finnish Cancer Society and the Sigrid Juselius Foundation. HEBON Study was supported by the Dutch Cancer Society Grants NKI1998-1854, NKI2004-3088, and NKI2007-3756, the Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research Grant NWO 91109024, the Pink Ribbon Grants 110005 and 2014-187.WO76, the BBMRI Grant NWO 184.021.007/CP46, and the Transcan Grant JTC 2012 Cancer 12-054. HEBON thanks the Registration Teams of Dutch Cancer Registry (IKNL; S. Siesling, J. Verloop) and the Dutch Pathology database (PALGA; L. Overbeek) for their help in part of the data collection. HRBCP was supported by the Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Dr. Ellen Li Charitable Foundation, The Kerry Group Kuok Foundation, National Institute of Health 1R 03CA130065, and North California Cancer Center. Hungarian Breast and Ovarian Cancer Study (HUNBOCS) was supported by Hungarian Research Grants KTIA-OTKA CK-80745 and OTKA K-112228. ICO: Contract Grant Sponsor: Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer, Spanish Health Research Fund; Carlos III Health Institute; Catalan Health Institute and Autonomous Government of Catalonia. Contract Grant Numbers: ISCIIIRETIC RD06/0020/1051, RD12/0036/008, PI10/01422, PI10/00748, PI13/00285, PIE13/00022, 2009SGR290, and 2014SGR364. The IHCC was supported by Grant PBZ_KBN_122/P05/2004. The ILUH Group was supported by the Icelandic Association "Walking for Breast Cancer Research" and by the Landspitali University Hospital Research Fund. INHERIT: this work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the "CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer" Program: Grant No. CRN-87521 and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade: Grant No. PSR-SIIRI-701. The PERSPECTIVE Project was supported by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant GPH-129344), the Ministere de l'Economie, Science et Innovation du Quebec through Genome Quebec, and the Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation. IOVHBOCS was supported by Ministero della Salute and "5x1000" Istituto Oncologico Veneto Grant. IPOBCS: this study was in part supported by Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro. kConFab was supported by a Grant from the National Breast Cancer Foundation, and previously by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), the Queensland Cancer Fund, the Cancer Councils of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia, and the Cancer Foundation of Western Australia. KOHBRA was supported by a Grant from the National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, Republic of Korea (1020350). MAYO was supported by NIH Grants CA116167, CA192393, and CA176785, an NCI Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA116201), and a Grant from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. MCGILL: Jewish General Hospital Weekend to End Breast Cancer, Quebec Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade. MODSQUAD was supported by MH CZ: DRO (MMCI, 00209805) and by the European Regional Development Fund and the State Budget of the Czech Republic (RECAMO, CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0101) to LF, and by Charles University in Prague Project UNCE204024 (MZ). MSKCC was supported by Grants from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, the Robert and Kate Niehaus Clinical Cancer Genetics Initiative, and the Andrew Sabin Research Fund. NAROD: 1R01 CA149429-01. NCI: the research of Drs. MH Greene and PL Mai was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the US National Cancer Institute, NIH, and by Support Services Contracts NO2-CP-11019-50 and N02-CP-65504 with Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD. NICCC was supported by Clalit Health Services in Israel. Some of its activities were supported by the Israel Cancer Association and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF), NY. NNPIO: this work has been supported by the Russian Federation for Basic Research (Grants 15-04-01744 and 16-54-00055). NRG Oncology: this study was supported by NRG Oncology Operations Grant Number U10 CA180868 as well as NRG SDMC Grant U10 CA180822, Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) Administrative Office and the GOG Tissue Bank (CA 27469), and the GOG Statistical and Data Center (CA 37517). Drs. Greene, Mai, and Savage were supported by Funding from the Intramural Research Program, NCI. OSUCCG was supported by the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center. PBCS: this work was supported by the Italian Association of Cancer Research (AIRC) [IG 2013 N.14477] and Tuscany Institute for Tumors (ITT) Grant 2014-2015-2016. SEABASS: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Ministry of Higher Education (UM.C/HlR/MOHE/06), and Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation. The SMC Team was in part sponsored by a Grant from the Israeli Cancer Association to the Israeli Consortium of Hereditary Breast Cancer. SWE-BRCA Collaborators were supported by the Swedish Cancer Society. UCHICAGO was supported by NCI Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA125183), R01 CA142996, 1U01CA161032, and by the Ralph and Marion Falk Medical Research Trust, the Entertainment Industry Fund National Women's Cancer Research Alliance, and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. OIO is an ACS Clinical Research Professor. UCLA: Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Foundation; Breast Cancer Research Foundation. UCSF: UCSF Cancer Risk Program and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center. UKFOCR was supported by a Project Grant from CRUK to Paul Pharoah. UPENN: National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01-CA102776 and R01-CA083855; Breast Cancer Research Foundation; Susan G. Komen Foundation for the Cure, Basser Research Center for BRCA. VFCTG: Victorian Cancer Agency, Cancer Australia, National Breast Cancer Foundation. WCP: Dr. Karlan was funded by the American Cancer Society Early Detection Professorship (SIOP-06-258-01-COUN) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Grant UL1TR000124. Sí

Published
2017
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13. Age- and Tumor Subtype Specific Breast Cancer Risk Estimates for CHEK2*1100delC Carriers

Author

Sten Cornelissen, Richard van Hien, Muriel A. Adank, Argyrios Ziogas, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Hiltrud Brauch, Alison M. Dunning, Qin Wang, Stig E. Bojesen, Natalia Bogdanova, Hoda Anton-Culver, Sara Margolin, Elza Khusnutdinova, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Elinor J. Sawyer, Kenneth Offit, Lothar Haeberle, Veli-Matti Kosma, Natalia Antonenkova, Taru A. Muranen, Heli Nevanlinna, Polly A. Newcomb, Manjeet K. Bolla, Mieke Schutte, Vessela N. Kristensen, Andy C. H. Lee, Melissa C. Southey, Jenny Chang-Claude, Douglas F. Easton, Marina Bermisheva, Henrik Flyger, Lizet E. van der Kolk, Antonis C. Antoniou, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Jan Lubinski, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Graham G. Giles, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Volker Arndt, Thilo Dörk, Barbara Burwinkel, Harald Surowy, Ian Tomlinson, Celine M. Vachon, Peter Hillemanns, Mark E. Robson, Michael Jones, Roger L. Milne, Esther M. John, Olivia Fletcher, Julie Soens, Per Hall, Quinten Waisfisz, Jonine D. Figueroa, Julia A. Knight, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Irene L. Andrulis, Annika Lindblom, Annegien Broeks, Alfons Meindl, Peter A. Fasching, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Thomas Brüning, Alice S. Whittemore, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Eva Galle, Hermann Brenner, Hanne Meijers, Amanda B. Spurdle, Antoinette Hollestelle, Kamila Czene, Anja Rudolph, John L. Hopper, Arto Mannermaa, Simon S. Cross, Fergus J. Couch, Human genetics, CCA - Cancer biology, Antoniou, Antonis [0000-0001-9223-3116], Dunning, Alison [0000-0001-6651-7166], Lee, Andrew [0000-0003-0677-0252], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Wang, Jean [0000-0002-9139-0627], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Clinical Genetics, and Medical Oncology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, Estrogen receptor, Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Receptors, 80 and over, Odds Ratio, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, skin and connective tissue diseases, Progesterone, Cancer, Sequence Deletion, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Homozygote, Age Factors, ORIGINAL REPORTS, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Receptors, Estrogen, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Risk assessment, Receptors, Progesterone, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Population, Breast Neoplasms, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, Breast Cancer, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, education, CHEK2, Aged, business.industry, Case-control study, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Estrogen, Checkpoint Kinase 2, 030104 developmental biology, Case-Control Studies, business
Abstract

Purpose CHEK2*1100delC is a well-established breast cancer risk variant that is most prevalent in European populations; however, there are limited data on risk of breast cancer by age and tumor subtype, which limits its usefulness in breast cancer risk prediction. We aimed to generate tumor subtype- and age-specific risk estimates by using data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, including 44,777 patients with breast cancer and 42,997 controls from 33 studies genotyped for CHEK2*1100delC. Patients and Methods CHEK2*1100delC genotyping was mostly done by a custom Taqman assay. Breast cancer odds ratios (ORs) for CHEK2*1100delC carriers versus noncarriers were estimated by using logistic regression and adjusted for study (categorical) and age. Main analyses included patients with invasive breast cancer from population- and hospital-based studies. Results Proportions of heterozygous CHEK2*1100delC carriers in controls, in patients with breast cancer from population- and hospital-based studies, and in patients with breast cancer from familial- and clinical genetics center–based studies were 0.5%, 1.3%, and 3.0%, respectively. The estimated OR for invasive breast cancer was 2.26 (95%CI, 1.90 to 2.69; P = 2.3 × 10−20). The OR was higher for estrogen receptor (ER)–positive disease (2.55 [95%CI, 2.10 to 3.10; P = 4.9 × 10−21]) than it was for ER-negative disease (1.32 [95%CI, 0.93 to 1.88; P = .12]; P interaction = 9.9 × 10−4). The OR significantly declined with attained age for breast cancer overall (P = .001) and for ER-positive tumors (P = .001). Estimated cumulative risks for development of ER-positive and ER-negative tumors by age 80 in CHEK2*1100delC carriers were 20% and 3%, respectively, compared with 9% and 2%, respectively, in the general population of the United Kingdom. Conclusion These CHEK2*1100delC breast cancer risk estimates provide a basis for incorporating CHEK2*1100delC into breast cancer risk prediction models and into guidelines for intensified screening and follow-up.

Published
2016
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14. A common variant at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus is associated with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer

Author

Michael F. Press, Asta Försti, Elisa V. Bandera, Hans-Peter Sinn, David Van Den Berg, Foluso O. Ademuyiwa, Veli-Matti Kosma, Loic Le Marchand, Nicholas G. Martin, Douglas F. Easton, Susan E. Hankinson, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Leslie Bernstein, Florentia Fostira, Jenny Chang-Claude, Andrea Holbrook, Christine B. Ambrosone, Arif B. Ekici, Shahana Ahmed, Laura Baglietto, Stephen J. Chanock, Astrid Irwanto, Regina G. Ziegler, Andrew K. Godwin, Julie R. Palmer, Lucy Xia, Diether Lambrechts, Xin Sheng, Heli Nevanlinna, William J. Tapper, Christopher K. Edlund, Sue A. Ingles, Hans Wildiers, Diana Eccles, Julian Peto, Rudolf Kaaks, Federico Canzian, Els Wauters, Penelope Miron, Daniel O. Stram, Sara Margolin, Afshan Siddiq, Sara Lindström, Thomas Dünnebier, Ian Tomlinson, Gary K. Chen, Matthias W. Beckmann, Wei Zheng, Lisa B. Signorello, Adam M. Lee, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Grant W. Montgomery, Rebecca Hein, Alison M. Dunning, Rosemary L. Balleine, Athanasios M. Dimopoulos, Loreall Pooler, Eric A. Ross, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Peter A. Fasching, Laurence N. Kolonel, Irene Konstantopoulou, Jianjun Liu, Carl Blomqvist, Timothy G. Lesnick, Graham G. Giles, Lynn Rosenberg, Christine L. Clarke, Arndt Hartmann, Gianluca Severi, Charles M. Perou, Thomas Rüdiger, Sarah J. Nyante, Paul J. Goodfellow, Angela Cox, Esther M. John, Heather Spencer Feigelson, Robert N. Hoover, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Daniel I. Chasman, Brian E. Henderson, Celine M. Vachon, Stephan Nickels, Lorraine Durcan, Jane Carpenter, Swati Kulkarni, Xianshu Wang, Susan L. Slager, Jorge L. Rodriguez-Gil, William J. Blot, Elinor J. Sawyer, Isabel dos Santos Silva, JoEllen Weaver, Christopher A. Haiman, S Gerty, Christine D. Berg, Julie E. Buring, Katri Pylkäs, Peggy Wan, Robert B. Diasio, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nikki Graham, Rüdiger Schulz-Wendtland, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Jennifer Ivanovich, Nicola F. Johnson, Lisa A. Carey, Hiltrud Brauch, David J. Hunter, Curtis Olswold, Sandra L. Deming, Harsh B. Pathak, Fredrick R. Schumacher, W. Ryan Driver, Robert C. Millikan, Dimitrios Pectasides, George Fountzilas, Simon S. Cross, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Melissa C. Southey, Robert Winqvist, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Dario Greco, Judith Heinz, Jennifer J. Hu, Peter Kraft, Arto Mannermaa, Kristen N. Stevens, and Yon Ko

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, medicine.drug_class, European Continental Ancestry Group, Estrogen receptor, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, Receptors, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Polymorphism, Telomerase, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, African Americans, 0303 health sciences, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Membrane Proteins, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Proteins, Receptors, Estrogen, Genetic Loci, Single Nucleotide, medicine.disease, Estrogen, 3. Good health, Black or African American, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology
Abstract

Estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer shows a higher incidence in women of African ancestry compared to women of European ancestry. In search of common risk alleles for ER-negative breast cancer, we combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from women of African ancestry (1,004 ER-negative cases and 2,745 controls) and European ancestry (1,718 ER-negative cases and 3,670 controls), with replication testing conducted in an additional 2,292 ER-negative cases and 16,901 controls of European ancestry. We identified a common risk variant for ER-negative breast cancer at the TERT-CLPTM1L locus on chromosome 5p15 (rs10069690: per-allele odds ratio (OR) = 1.18 per allele, P = 1.0 × 10(-10)). The variant was also significantly associated with triple-negative (ER-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2)-negative) breast cancer (OR = 1.25, P = 1.1 × 10(-9)), particularly in younger women (

Published
2016
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15. Identification of independent association signals and putative functional variants for breast cancer risk through fine-scale mapping of the 12p11 locus

Author

Kenneth Offit, Hoda Anton-Culver, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Siranoush Manoukian, Christine L. Clarke, Kyriaki Michailidou, Antonis C. Antoniou, Maria Kabisch, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Douglas F. Easton, Curtis Olswold, Graham G. Giles, Tien Yin Wong, Ursula Eilber, Mads Thomassen, Christopher A. Haiman, Alice J. Sigurdson, Lothar Haeberle, Florence Menegaux, Ana Osorio, Marco Montagna, Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek, Eitan Friedman, Simon S. Cross, Daniel Barrowdale, Elinor J. Sawyer, Adam N. Freeman, Caroline Seynaeve, Min Hyuk Lee, Arnaud Droit, Per Hall, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Trinidad Caldés, Peter Hillemanns, Frederik Marmé, Jenny Lester, Michele M. Doody, Bernard Peissel, Peter Kraft, Elza Khusnutdinova, Anna H. Wu, Stéphanie Peeters, Georg Pfeiler, Pascal Guénel, Hidemi Ito, Xingyi Guo, Antoinette Hollestelle, Heli Nevanlinna, Kathleen Claes, Ylva Paulsson-Karlsson, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Roger L. Milne, Daehee Kang, Judith S. Brand, Diether Lambrechts, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Simona Agata, Saundra S. Buys, Muhammad Usman Rashid, Fabienne Lesueur, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, Peter Devilee, Manjeet K. Bolla, Natalia Antonenkova, Irene Konstantopoulou, Claudine Isaacs, Anja Rudolph, Carl Blomqvist, Tjoung Won Park-Simon, Judy Garber, Csilla Szabo, Francois Bacot, Arto Mannermaa, Yu-Tang Gao, Stig E. Bojesen, Susan L. Neuhausen, Marina Bermisheva, Qiuyin Cai, Zakaria Einbeigi, Christian F. Singer, Qin Wang, Kerstin Rhiem, Sofia Khan, Fiona Lalloo, Robert L. Nussbaum, Thilo Dörk, William J. Blot, Sylvie Mazoyer, Julia A. Knight, Katherine L. Nathanson, Clare Turnbull, Nazneen Rahman, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Chuen Neng Lee, Annegien Broeks, Martha J. Shrubsole, Ava Kwong, Jirong Long, Ian G. Campbell, Sara Margolin, Fergus J. Couch, Laima Tihomirova, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Alice S. Whittemore, Joseph Vijai, Alfons Meindl, Xiao-Ou Shu, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Wei Zheng, Beth Y. Karlan, Jacques Simard, Angela Cox, Shahana Ahmed, Polly A. Newcomb, Ritu Salani, Chen-Yang Shen, Adalgeir Arason, Sandrine Tchatchou, Ute Hamann, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Michael Jones, Mark H. Greene, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Senno Verhoef, Jonine Figueroa, Hermann Brenner, Volker Arndt, Charles Joly Beauparlant, Esther M. John, Nadege Presneau, Jingmei Li, Laura Papi, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Uffe Birk Jensen, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paolo Peterlongo, Penny Soucy, Thomas Brüning, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Siddhartha Kar, Ji Yeob Choi, Manuel R. Teixeira, Phuong L. Mai, Alex Teulé, Jyh Cherng Yu, Paul Brennan, Maya Ghoussaini, Edith Olah, Henrik Flyger, Michael Friedlander, Soo Hwang Teo, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Kathleen M. Egan, David J. Hunter, Kristiina Aittomäki, Joe Dennis, Anna González-Neira, Mikael Hartman, Alison M. Dunning, Doris Steinemann, Debra Frost, Melissa C. Southey, Ramunas Janavicius, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Catherine M. Phelan, Amanda E. Toland, Anna Marie Mulligan, David ven den Berg, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Irene L. Andrulis, Chenjie Zeng, Kenneth Muir, Peter Schürmann, Saila Kauppila, Banu Arun, Jane Carpenter, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Yael Laitman, Susan M. Domchek, Robert Winqvist, Caroline Baynes, Brita Arver, Marc Tischkowitz, Kamila Czene, Keitaro Matsuo, Barbara Burwinkel, Miriam Dwek, Kim De Leeneer, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Peter A. Fasching, Bernd Dworniczak, Susan J. Ramus, Lesley McGuffog, Andrea Gehrig, Michael J. Kerin, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, John L. Hopper, Loic Le Marchand, Peter J. Hulick, Annika Lindblom, Emily Hallberg, Miguel de la Hoya, Gaetana Gambino, Martine Dumont, Susan L. Slager, Bernardo Bonanni, Bent Ejlertsen, Norhashimah Hassan, Sue Healey, Orland Diez, Mary B. Daly, Carolyn B. Hendricks, Artitaya Lophatananon, Annelie Liljegren, Steven N. Hart, Jan Lubinski, Natalia Bogdanova, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Steve Ellis, Silje Nord, Hiltrud Brauch, Gad Rennert, Conxi Lázaro, Daniel C. Tessier, Paolo Radice, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Andrew K. Godwin, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Javier Benitez, Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Medicum, Kristiina Aittomäki / Principal Investigator, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Clinicum, Department of Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine / Clinical Medicine, Wang, Jean [0000-0002-9139-0627], Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Tischkowitz, Marc [0000-0002-7880-0628], Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X], Dunning, Alison [0000-0001-6651-7166], Antoniou, Antonis [0000-0001-9223-3116], Easton, Douglas [0000-0003-2444-3247], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, and Obstetrics & Gynecology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Fine-scale mapping, Genome-wide association study, HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN, Epigenesis, Genetic, Breast cancer, Medizinische Fakultät, Databases, Genetic, Genotype, BRCA2 MUTATION CARRIERS, Odds Ratio, Medicine and Health Sciences, Pair 12, Medicine, Genetic risk factor, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Medicine(all), Genetics, BRCA1 Protein, PTHLH-CCDC91, Chromosome Mapping, LOCALIZATION, Single Nucleotide, PTHLH, 3. Good health, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Population Surveillance, Female, Medical Genetics, BRAC1 mutation carriers, CCDC91, Alleles, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Computational Biology, European Continental Ancestry Group, Haplotypes, Heterozygote, Humans, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Risk, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human, Research Article, EXPRESSION, Enhancer Elements, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, 3122 Cancers, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Chromosomes, White People, OVARIAN-CANCER, Càncer de mama, Promoter Regions, Databases, 03 medical and health sciences, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic, Journal Article, ddc:610, Polymorphism, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Medicinsk genetik, Genetic association, Cancer och onkologi, business.industry, Haplotype, Case-control study, Biology and Life Sciences, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, ENHANCERS, 030104 developmental biology, Cancer and Oncology, METASTASIS, 3111 Biomedicine, GENETIC MODIFIERS, business, Genètica, Epigenesis
Abstract

Article, Background Multiple recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs10771399, at 12p11 that is associated with breast cancer risk. Method We performed a fine-scale mapping study of a 700 kb region including 441 genotyped and more than 1300 imputed genetic variants in 48,155 cases and 43,612 controls of European descent, 6269 cases and 6624 controls of East Asian descent and 1116 cases and 932 controls of African descent in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC; http://bcac.ccge.medschl.cam.ac.uk/), and in 15,252 BRCA1 mutation carriers in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Stepwise regression analyses were performed to identify independent association signals. Data from the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements project (ENCODE) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used for functional annotation. Results Analysis of data from European descendants found evidence for four independent association signals at 12p11, represented by rs7297051 (odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–1.12; P = 3 × 10-9), rs805510 (OR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 1.04–1.12, P = 2 × 10-5), and rs1871152 (OR = 1.04, 95 % CI = 1.02–1.06; P = 2 × 10-4) identified in the general populations, and rs113824616 (P = 7 × 10-5) identified in the meta-analysis of BCAC ER-negative cases and BRCA1 mutation carriers. SNPs rs7297051, rs805510 and rs113824616 were also associated with breast cancer risk at P, published version, peerReviewed

Published
2016
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16. The TP53 Arg72Pro and MDM2 309G > T polymorphisms are not associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author

Ignacio Blanco, Heli Nevanlinna, Norbert Arnold, Gad Rennert, Catherine Noguès, Javier Benitez, Etienne Rouleau, Embrace, Gemo, Irene Konstantopoulou, David J. Hughes, Flavio Lejbkowicz, kConFab, Rita K. Schmutzler, Mercedes Durán, Carole Brewer, Beatrix Versmold, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paolo Radice, Trevor Cole, Alfons Meindl, Ivan Bièche, Rosalind A. Eeles, Isabelle Coupier, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Hebon, A L Laborde, Florence Coulet, Kristiina Aittomäki, M. Cook, Ana Osorio, D. G. Evans, Dieter Schaefer, S. Giraud, Craig Luccarini, Jacques Simard, Hans J. J. P. Gille, Fiona Lalloo, Liliane Demange, Xiaoqing Chen, Florent Soubrier, Susan Peock, Amanda B. Spurdle, Rosemarie Davidson, Lesley McGuffog, T. A. M. van Os, Henry T. Lynch, Jacqueline Cook, Ursula G. Froster, Douglas F. Easton, Sara Dishon, Siranoush Manoukian, Christian Sutter, Gabriella Pichert, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Mélanie Léoné, Jonathan Beesley, Katherine L. Nathanson, Rosette Lidereau, Sue Healey, Daniel Sinnett, Gc-Hboc, Christoph Engel, Joan Paterson, Chrystelle Colas, Mark H. Greene, U Hamann, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Ocgn, Irene L. Andrulis, Helmut Deissler, Jennifer T. Loud, A C Antoniou, Susan M. Domchek, Universitat de Barcelona, Human genetics, and CCA - Oncogenesis

Subjects
Oncology, Cancer Research, endocrine system diseases, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, polymorphism, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Genotype, TP53, skin and connective tissue diseases, risk, 0303 health sciences, Nucleotides, Hazard ratio, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Breast disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Càncer de mama, 03 medical and health sciences, breast cancer, MDM2, BRCA1/2, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetics, SNP, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, neoplasms, 030304 developmental biology, Proportional hazards model, Mutació (Biologia), Cancer, Genetics and Genomics, Mutation (Biology), medicine.disease, Genes, p53, Nucleòtids, Mutation, Cancer research, Genètica
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The TP53 pathway, in which TP53 and its negative regulator MDM2 are the central elements, has an important role in carcinogenesis, particularly in BRCA1- and BRCA2-mediated carcinogenesis. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of MDM2 (309T > G, rs2279744) and a coding SNP of TP53 (Arg72Pro, rs1042522) have been shown to be of functional significance. METHODS: To investigate whether these SNPs modify breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we pooled genotype data on the TP53 Arg72Pro SNP in 7011 mutation carriers and on the MDM2 309T > G SNP in 2222 mutation carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). Data were analysed using a Cox proportional hazards model within a retrospective likelihood framework. RESULTS: No association was found between these SNPs and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 (TP53: per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-1.10, P(trend) = 0.77; MDM2: HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.84-1.09, P(trend) = 0.54) or for BRCA2 mutation carriers (TP53: HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.87-1.12, P(trend) = 0.83; MDM2: HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.80-1.21, P(trend) = 0.88). We also evaluated the potential combined effects of both SNPs on breast cancer risk, however, none of their combined genotypes showed any evidence of association. CONCLUSION: There was no evidence that TP53 Arg72Pro or MDM2 309T > G, either singly or in combination, influence breast cancer risk in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. British Journal of Cancer (2009) 101, 1456-1460. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605279 www.bjcancer.com Published online 25 August 2009 (C) 2009 Cancer Research UK

Published
2009
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17. Common Breast Cancer-Predisposition Alleles Are Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers

Author

Joanne L. Blum, Lutecia Pereira, Douglas F. Easton, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Frans B L Hogervorst, Javier Benítez, Fiona Douglas, Carol Chu, Susan Peock, Csilla Szabo, Fergus J. Couch, Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets, Ute Hamann, Roni Milgrom, Maria A. Caligo, W. Hofmann, M. Barile, Patricia A. Ganz, Paolo Radice, Xiaoqing Chen, Radka Platte, Christian Sutter, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, Sue Healey, Corinne Capoulade, Amanda B. Spurdle, Violaine Bourdon, Jonathan Beesley, Gemma Llort, Alfons Meindl, Antonis Antoniou, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Paolo Peterlongo, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Agnès Chompret, Claudine Isaacs, Ana Osorio, Claude Houdayer, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Susan L. Neuhausen, Peggy Manders, Mark H. Greene, Roger L. Milne, Gad Rennert, Henry T. Lynch, Eitan Friedman, Christoph Engel, Irene L. Andrulis, Gail E. Tomlinson, Rosalind A. Eeles, Dieter Niederacher, Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg, Hagay Sobol, Ofra Barnett-Griness, D. Gareth Evans, M. Cook, Gilbert M. Lenoir, Mary B. Daly, Hilmi Ozcelik, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, François Eisinger, Beatrix Versmold, Bella Kaufman, Helmut Deissler, Trinidad Caldés, Rosemarie Davidson, Susan M. Domchek, Marion Gauthier-Villars, Gabriella Pichert, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Siranoush Manoukian, Andrew K. Godwin, Heli Nevanlinna, Norbert Arnold, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Laure Barjhoux, Katherine L. Nathanson, Yael Laitman, Rita K. Schmutzler, Theresa Wagner, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Karen A. Pooley, Kati Kämpjärvi, Jacques Simard, and Clinical Genetics

Subjects
Adult, Risk, endocrine system diseases, Genetic counseling, Genes, BRCA2, Population, Genes, BRCA1, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1, Breast Neoplasms, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics(clinical), Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2, skin and connective tissue diseases, education, Germ-Line Mutation, Genetics (clinical), Aged, Molecular diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring [UMCN 1.2], 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, TOX3, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Female, Breast disease
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 70697.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer high risks of breast cancer. However, evidence suggests that these risks are modified by other genetic or environmental factors that cluster in families. A recent genome-wide association study has shown that common alleles at single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FGFR2 (rs2981582), TNRC9 (rs3803662), and MAP3K1 (rs889312) are associated with increased breast cancer risks in the general population. To investigate whether these loci are also associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, we genotyped these SNPs in a sample of 10,358 mutation carriers from 23 studies. The minor alleles of SNP rs2981582 and rs889312 were each associated with increased breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio [HR] = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.20-1.45, p(trend) = 1.7 x 10(-8) and HR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.24, p(trend) = 0.02) but not in BRCA1 carriers. rs3803662 was associated with increased breast cancer risk in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (per-allele HR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.06-1.20, p(trend) = 5 x 10(-5) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 combined). These loci appear to interact multiplicatively on breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers. The differences in the effects of the FGFR2 and MAP3K1 SNPs between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers point to differences in the biology of BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast cancer tumors and confirm the distinct nature of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers.

Published
2008
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18. No clinical utility of KRAS variant rs61764370 for ovarian or breast cancer

Author

Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Ingo B. Runnebaum, Kenneth Offit, Melissa C. Southey, Ramunas Janavicius, Finn Cilius Nielsen, Christine Maugard, Marco Montagna, Annette Fontaine, Janusz Menkiszak, Robert Winqvist, Pascal Guénel, Rosalind Glasspool, Usha Menon, Daniel Barrowdale, Elinor J. Sawyer, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Martha J. Shrubsole, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Camilla Krakstad, Dong Liang, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Judith S. Brand, Joseph Vijai, Marc T. Goodman, Thomas A. Sellers, David Van Den Berg, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Alice S. Whittemore, Irene L. Andrulis, Radka Platte, Kunle Odunsi, Orland Diez, Estrid Høgdall, Brooke L. Fridley, C. J. van Asperen, Mary Anne Rossing, Vessela N. Kristensen, Jonathan Tyrer, Tara M. Friebel, Douglas F. Easton, Per Hall, Mads Thomassen, Christine Walsh, Thilo Dörk, Louise A. Brinton, Keith Humphreys, Douglas A. Levine, Allison F. Vitonis, Anna H. Wu, Hermann Brenner, Maria Bisogna, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Maria A. Caligo, Jonine D. Figueroa, Lynne R. Wilkens, Grace Friel, Michael G. Schrauder, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Sune F. Nielsen, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, Andrew Berchuck, Sara Margolin, Mitul Shah, Matthias W. Beckmann, Elizabeth M. Poole, Gad Rennert, Arif B. Ekici, Elisa Alducci, Bjarni A. Agnarsson, Linda S. Cook, Javier Benitez, Paolo Peterlongo, Natalia Antonenkova, Annika Lindblom, Patrick Neven, Julia A. Knight, Alan Ashworth, Matti A. Rookus, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Daniela Zaffaroni, Banu Arun, Sue Healey, Robert P. Edwards, Susanne K. Kjaer, Laura J. van't Veer, John W.M. Martens, Christa Stegmaier, Claudine Isaacs, Daniel W. Cramer, Lars Beckmann, Liisa M. Pelttari, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Irene Orlow, Atocha Romero, Diana Torres, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Simon S. Cross, Alison M. Dunning, Rosemary L. Balleine, Sandra L. Halverson, Benoit Beuselinck, Melissa C. Larson, Senno Verhoef, Jirong Long, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Bruce Poppe, Katarzyna Jaworska, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Nicolas Wentzensen, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Tanja Pejovic, Roberta B. Ness, James Paul, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Nadine Tung, Gianluca Severi, Malcolm C. Pike, Hoda Anton-Culver, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Mark E. Robson, Roger L. Milne, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Laima Tihomirova, Helen Tsimiklis, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Florian Heitz, Beth Y. Karlan, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Bernardo Bonanni, Frederik Marmé, Qin Wang, Conxi Lázaro, Volker Arndt, Antoinette Hollestelle, Jacek Gronwald, M. Pilar Zamora, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Maren Weischer, Veli-Matti Kosma, Giulietta Scuvera, Jenny Lester, Andreas Berger, Stephen J. Chanock, Line Bjørge, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Andrew K. Godwin, Mervi Grip, Amanda E. Toland, Anna Marie Mulligan, Noralane M. Lindor, Paolo Radice, Bent Ejlertsen, Frederieke H. van der Baan, Lothar Haeberle, Valerie McGuire, Kamila Czene, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Maria Soller, Katherine L. Nathanson, Sandrina Lambrechts, Susan J. Ramus, Anja Rudolph, Penny Soucy, Caroline Weltens, Hiltrud Brauch, Olivia Fletcher, Sara H. Olson, Yael Laitman, Marion Piedmonte, Arto Mannermaa, Agnieszka Budzilowska, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Christian F. Singer, Cezary Cybulski, Weiva Sieh, Ed Dicks, Elizabeth J. van Rensburg, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Hans Ehrencrona, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Sandra Orsulic, Jingmei Li, Carmel Apicella, Anna deFazio, Ian G. Campbell, Ignace Vergote, Rita K. Schmutzler, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Julian Peto, Nadeem Siddiqui, Brian E. Henderson, Starr R. Guzman, Maria Kabisch, John L. Hopper, Arto Leminen, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Honglin Song, J. Margriet Collée, Ingvild L. Tangen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Antonis C. Antoniou, Lara Sucheston, Helena C. van Doorn, Lídia Feliubadaló, Leon F.A.G. Massuger, Iain A. McNeish, Nichola Johnson, Simon A. Gayther, Jennifer A. Doherty, Anders Bojesen, Gord Glendon, Yukie Bean, Celine M. Vachon, Barbara Burwinkel, Edith Olah, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Brita Arver, Marc Tischkowitz, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Martin Gore, Vesa Kataja, Nicola Miller, Pamela J. Thompson, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Michelle A.T. Hildebrandt, Ritu Salani, Janet E. Olson, Catriona McLean, Cecilia M. Dorfling, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Frederique Mariette, Laura Ottini, Fergus J. Couch, Linda E. Kelemen, Nhu D. Le, Michael J. Kerin, Claus Høgdall, Miguel de la Hoya, Jonathan Carter, Mercedes Durán, Inge Søkilde Pedersen, Julie M. Cunningham, Manjeet K. Bolla, Galina Lurie, Loic Le Marchand, Ute Hamann, Muy-Kheng Tea, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Irene Konstantopoulou, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, Stefano Fortuzzi, Shelley S. Tworoger, Mikael Eriksson, Carl Blomqvist, Joan Brunet, Allan Jensen, Karen Lu, Elisa V. Bandera, Anne M. van Altena, Anne-Marie Gerdes, Lene Lundvall, Susan L. Neuhausen, Wei Zheng, Ana Osorio, Fiona Bruinsma, Hannah P. Yang, Graham G. Giles, Christoph Engel, Nick Orr, Harvey A. Risch, Jan Lubinski, Jacoba P. Knol-Bout, Phuong L. Mai, Martine Dumont, Xifeng Wu, Christof Sohn, Noah D. Kauff, Kristiina Aittomäki, Natalia Bogdanova, Alexander Hein, Francesmary Modugno, Heli Nevanlinna, Helga B. Salvesen, Adriana Lasa, Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich, Dominiek Smeets, Jenny Permuth-Wey, Josef Herzog, Catherine M. Phelan, Clareann H. Bunker, Steve Ellis, Christopher A. Haiman, Jolanta Lissowska, Judy Garber, Joanna Plisiecka-Halasa, Robert A. Vierkant, Steven A. Narod, Mark H. Greene, Florence Menegaux, Norbert Arnold, Primitiva Menéndez, Robert L. Nussbaum, Katja K.H. Aben, Andreas Schneeweiss, Katri Pylkäs, Els Van Nieuwenhuysen, Tomasz Huzarski, Joe Dennis, Susan M. Domchek, Andreas du Bois, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Florentia Fostira, Mary Beth Terry, Jenny Chang-Claude, Eitan Friedman, Argyrios Ziogas, Hatef Darabi, Kathleen Claes, Ellen L. Goode, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade, Stig E. Bojesen, Jo Perkins, Raanan Berger, Sharon E. Johnatty, Taru A. Muranen, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Uffe Birk Jensen, Thomas Brüning, Heiko Müller, Debra Frost, Peter A. Fasching, Lesley McGuffog, Diether Lambrechts, Kelly-Anne Phillips, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Kathryn L. Terry, Ira Schwaab, Ralf Bützow, Manuel R. Teixeira, Joseph H. Rothstein, Bernard Peissel, Anna von Wachenfeldt, Saundra S. Buys, Peter Devilee, Alfons Meindl, Laura Baglietto, Kirsten B. Moysich, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Philipp Harter, Jacques Simard, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, National Institutes of Health (US), Wellcome Trust, European Commission, National Cancer Institute (US), Medical Oncology, Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC other, Pediatric Surgery, Pathology, and Neurology

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Oncology, endocrine system diseases, Endometriosis, Breast cancer, Clinical outcome, Genetic association, KRAS variant, Ovarian cancer, Genome-wide association study, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, medicine.disease_cause, Prostate, Brjóstakrabbamein, Clinical outcomes, Genotype, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], PROSTATE, Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial, skin and connective tissue diseases, RISK, Ovarian Neoplasms, Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 17], Obstetrics and Gynecology, WOMEN, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, Urological cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 15], Female, KRAS, medicine.medical_specialty, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, Breast Neoplasms, Article, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, Genetic Association Studies, POLYMORPHISMS, Krabbamein, MICRORNA-BINDING-SITE, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, ENDOMETRIOSIS, Arfgengi, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, PTT12, Eggjastokkar, business
Abstract

Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, and Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2: et al., [Objective]: Clinical genetic testing is commercially available for rs61764370, an inherited variant residing in a KRAS 3' UTR microRNA binding site, based on suggested associations with increased ovarian and breast cancer risk as well as with survival time. However, prior studies, emphasizing particular subgroups, were relatively small. Therefore, we comprehensively evaluated ovarian and breast cancer risks as well as clinical outcome associated with rs61764370. [Methods]: Centralized genotyping and analysis were performed for 140,012 women enrolled in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (15,357 ovarian cancer patients; 30,816 controls), the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (33,530 breast cancer patients; 37,640 controls), and the Consortium of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (14,765 BRCA1 and 7904 BRCA2 mutation carriers). [Results]: We found no association with risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94-1.04, p = 0.74) or breast cancer (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.94-1.01, p = 0.19) and results were consistent among mutation carriers (BRCA1, ovarian cancer HR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.97-1.23, p = 0.14, breast cancer HR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.97-1.12, p = 0.27; BRCA2, ovarian cancer HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.71-1.13, p = 0.34, breast cancer HR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.94-1.19, p = 0.35). Null results were also obtained for associations with overall survival following ovarian cancer (HR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.83-1.07, p = 0.38), breast cancer (HR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.87-1.06, p = 0.38), and all other previously-reported associations. [Conclusions]: rs61764370 is not associated with risk of ovarian or breast cancer nor with clinical outcome for patients with these cancers. Therefore, genotyping this variant has no clinical utility related to the prediction or management of these cancers., The COGS project is funded through a European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme grant (agreement number 223175 — HEALTH-F2-2009-223175). The scientific development and funding for this project were in part supported by the US National Cancer Institute GAME-ON Post-GWAS Initiative (U19-CA148112). Funding for the project was provided by the Wellcome Trust under award 076113. This work was partially supported by Spanish Association against Cancer (AECC08), RTICC 06/0020/1060, FISPI08/1120, Mutua Madrileña Foundation (FMMA) and SAF2010-20493. Was supported by a grant RD12/00369/0006 and 12/00539 from ISCIII (Spain), partially supported by European Regional Development FEDER funds. Contract grant sponsor: Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Spanish Health Research Fund; Carlos III Health Institute; Catalan Health Institute and Autonomous Government of Catalonia. Contract grant numbers: ISCIIIRETIC RD06/0020/1051, RD12/0036/008, PI10/01422, PI10/00748, PI13/00285 and 2009SGR290.

Published
2016
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19. Do MDM2 SNP309 and TP53 R72P Interact in Breast Cancer Susceptibility? A Large Pooled Series from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author

Douglas F. Easton, Catherine S. Healey, Scarlett Reincke, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Alison M. Dunning, Julian Peto, Heli Nevanlinna, Linde M. Braaf, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Thilo Dörk, Johanna Tommiska, Laura J. van't Veer, Annegien Broeks, Olivia Fletcher, Carl Blomqvist, Nichola Johnson, Marjanka K. Schmidt, and Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar

Subjects
Adult, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Tumor suppressor gene, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Breast cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, SNP, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk factor, Aged, Genetic association, Aged, 80 and over, Age Factors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Genes, p53, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Receptors, Estrogen, MDM2 SNP309 Allele, Case-Control Studies, Cancer research, Female
Abstract

Association studies in large series of breast cancer patients can be used to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) contributing to breast cancer susceptibility. Previous studies have suggested associations between variants in TP53 (R72P) and MDM2 (SNP309) and cancer risk. Data from molecular studies suggest a functional interaction between these genes. We therefore investigated the effect of TP53 R72P and MDM2 SNP309 on breast cancer risk and age at onset of breast cancer in a pooled series of 5,191 cases and 3,834 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Breast cancer risk was not found to be associated with the combined variant alleles [odds ratio (OR), 1.00; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.81–1.23]. Estimated ORs were 1.01 (95% CI, 0.93–1.09) per MDM2 SNP309 allele and 0.98 (95% CI, 0.91–1.04) for TP53 R72P. Although we did find evidence for a 4-year earlier age at onset for carriers of both variant alleles in one of the breast cancer patient series of the BCAC (the German series), we were not able to confirm this effect in the pooled analysis. Even so, carriers of both variant alleles did not have different risk estimates for bilateral or estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. In conclusion, in this large collaborative study, we did not find an association of MDM2 SNP309 and TP53 R72P, separately or in interaction, with breast cancer. This suggests that any effect of these two variants would be very small and possibly confined to subgroups that were not assessed in our present study. [Cancer Res 2007;67(19):9584–90]

Published
2007
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20. The spectrum of ATM missense variants and their contribution to contralateral breast cancer

Author

Angelina Huseinovic, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Nicola S. Russell, Annegien Broeks, Laura van 't Veer, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, and Linde M. Braaf

Subjects
Adult, Risk, Oncology, Heterozygote, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Missense, Breast Neoplasms, Cell Cycle Proteins, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, Germline, Preclinical Study, Breast cancer, Missense variants, Germline mutation, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, Genotype, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Germ-Line Mutation, Mutation, Radiotherapy, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Genetic Variation, Cancer, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, DNA-Binding Proteins, Radiation therapy, Treatment Outcome, ATM, Female
Abstract

Heterozygous carriers of ATM mutations are at increased risk of breast cancer. In this case-control study, we evaluated the significance of germline ATM missense variants to the risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC). We have determined the spectrum and frequency of ATM missense variants in 443 breast cancer patients diagnosed before age 50, including 247 patients who subsequently developed CBC. Twenty-one per cent of the women with unilateral breast cancer and 17% of the women with CBC had at least one ATM germline missense variant, indicating no significant difference in variant frequency between these two groups. We have found that carriers of an ATM missense mutation, who were treated with radiotherapy for the first breast tumour, developed their second tumour on average in a 92-month interval compared to a 136-month mean interval for those CBC patients who neither received RT nor carried a germline variant, (p = 0.029). Our results indicate that the presence of ATM variants does not have a major impact on the overall risk of CBC. However, the combination of RT and (certain) ATM missense variants seems to accelerate tumour development.

Published
2007
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21. Fine-Scale Mapping of the 4q24 Locus Identifies Two Independent Loci Associated with Breast Cancer Risk

Author

Martine Tranchant, Fergus J. Couch, Meeri Otsukka, Sabine Behrens, Jirong Long, Nadia Obi, Kamila Czene, John L. Hopper, Heather Thorne, Robert Pilarski, Anja Rudolph, Simon S. Cross, Volker Harth, Gabrielle Colleran, Hatef Darabi, Thomas Van Brussel, Eunjung Lee, Anne Lotz, E. Krol-Warmerdam, M. Pilar Zamora, Qin Wang, Andy C. H. Lee, Annie Fung, Kara Sargus, Melissa C. Southey, Katja Butterbach, Nuria Álvarez, Francois Bacot, Jeffrey G. Meyer, Ian W. Brock, Jessica Clague De Hart, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Irene L. Andrulis, Pei Chao, Arnaud Droit, Per Hall, Daniel C. Tessier, Paolo Radice, Frederic Robidoux, Don M. Conroy, Irja Erkkilä, Daniel Vincent, Antoinette Hollestelle, Christopher A. Hilker, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, Muhabbet Celik, Peggy Reynolds, Caroline Baynes, Sophia S. Wang, Katri Pylkäs, Kang In Nee, Robert Winqvist, Henrik Flyger, Annette Heemskerk, Sara Margolin, Hui Cai, Julie M. Cunningham, Prat Boonyawongviroj, Bernardo Bonanni, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Dan Connley, Huiyan Ma, Valerie Gaborieau, David O. Nelson, Keitaro Matsuo, Sylvie La Boissière, Pornthep Siriwanarungsan, Hidemi Ito, Ursula Eilber, Matthias W. Beckmann, Sylvia Rabstein, Natalia Bogdanova, Anna Jakubowska, Yves Raoul, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Hannah L Park, Pierre Kerbrat, Ying Zheng, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Wanqing Wen, Judith Heinz, Annika Lindblom, Christa Stegmaier, Manjeet K. Bolla, Loris Bernard, Anna H. Wu, Alison M. Dunning, Hermann Brenner, A. Green, Thilo Dörk, Chia-Ni Hsiung, Dennis Deapen, Michael G. Schrauder, Gilian Peuteman, S.E. Higham, Sabapathy P. Balasubramanian, Irene Feroce, Christina Justenhoven, Angela Jones, William J. Blot, Nichola Johnson, Petra Seibold, D. Bowtell, Jiajun Shi, Wei Zheng, U Hamann, Pascal Guenel, P. Webb, Soo Hwang Teo, Daniela Zaffaroni, J. Blom, Rita K. Schmutzler, Douglas F. Easton, Yani Lu, Witold Zatonski, Phuah Sze Yee, Susan L. Neuhausen, Kenneth Muir, Sofia Khan, Daehee Kang, Silke Landrith, Helena Kemiläinen, Maggie Angelakos, Rich Pinder, Javier Benitez, Til Olchers, Senno Verhoef, Fred Schumacher, Martha J. Shrubsole, Teresa Selander, Teh Yew Ching, Christof Sohn, Patrick Arveux, Dorota M. Gertig, Saila Kauppila, Mervi Grip, Florentia Fostira, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Stagner, Kathleen Corthouts, Ellen Van Der Schoot, H Nevanlinna, Peter Bugert, Christian Baisch, Eija Myöhänen, Sonja Wolf, Hoda Anton-Culver, Nicola Miller, Cheng Har Yip, Neonila Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Nicholas K. Hayward, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Barbara Burwinkel, J. Molenaar, Eileen Williams, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Yon Ko, Anja Nieuwlaat, Chen-Yang Shen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Amanda E. Toland, Artitaya Lophatananon, Mikael Hartman, Jonathan Beesley, Bernard Peissel, Paolo Peterlongo, Ji Yeob Choi, Craig Luccarini, Rosalind A. Eeles, Niall M. McInerney, Bernard Thienpont, Xiao-Ou Shu, Léa Héguy, Maya Ghoussaini, Sander Canisius, Wing-Yee Lo, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Nur Aishah Taib, June Yashiki, Kirsimari Aaltonen, Louise A. Brinton, Elinor J. Sawyer, Alina Vrieling, Angela Cox, Frederik Marmé, Matthias Rübner, Graham G. Giles, Sonja Oeser, Hans Christiansen, Andrew Rowan, Ed Dicks, Andeas Schneeweiß, Catriona McLean, Antonis C. Antoniou, B. Pesch, Eveline Niedermayr, Volker Arndt, Janet E. Olson, Dominiek Smeets, Jingmei Li, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Claire Mulot, Siranoush Manoukian, Hans Fischer, Ellen Crepin, Arto Mannermaa, Ali Amin Al Olama, Helen Cramp, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Olivia Fletcher, Sharon A. Windebank, Peter Hillemanns, Nayana Weerasooriya, James V. Lacey, Leslie Bernstein, Romuald Le Scodan, Giulietta Scuvera, P. Parsons, Thomas C. Putti, Elaine Ryder-Mills, Sara Benlloch, Beata Peplonska, Stig E. Bojesen, Kimberley Chua, Stefan Nickels, Nick Orr, Roger L. Milne, Tuomas Heikkinen, Christopher A. Haiman, Natalia Antonenkova, Volker Hermann, Maria Kabisch, Kenneth Offit, Julia A. Knight, Angela Maniscalco, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Hartwig Ziegler, Chenjie Zeng, Jacques Simard, Pamela L. Horn-Ross, Daphne S.C. Lee, Xingyi Guo, Jan Lubinski, Michael J. Kerin, Loic Le Marchand, Sune F. Nielsen, Peter Devilee, A. De Fazio, Qiuyin Cai, Annie Turgeon, Yoon Sook-Yee, Silje Nord, Petra Bos, Hiltrud Brauch, Kyriaki Michailidou, Shivaani Mariapun, Kari Mononen, Alfons Meindl, Peter B. Kang, Siddhartha Kar, Alessandra Rossi, G. Chenevix-Trench, Diether Lambrechts, Karl von Smitten, Zsofia Kote-Jarai, Emiel J. Th. Rutgers, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Peter A. Fasching, Lesley McGuffog, Annegien Broekss, Johann H. Karstens, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Thomas Brüning, David C. Whiteman, Judi Maskiell, Clinical Genetics, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical Oncology, and Obstetrics & Gynecology

Subjects
Genetic Markers, Linkage disequilibrium, Epidemiology, Locus (genetics), Genome-wide association study, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Gene, Genetics, Molecular epidemiology, Case-control study, Chromosome Mapping, medicine.disease, Logistic Models, Oncology, Genetic marker, Genetic Loci, Case-Control Studies, Female, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background: A recent association study identified a common variant (rs9790517) at 4q24 to be associated with breast cancer risk. Independent association signals and potential functional variants in this locus have not been explored. Methods: We conducted a fine-mapping analysis in 55,540 breast cancer cases and 51,168 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Results: Conditional analyses identified two independent association signals among women of European ancestry, represented by rs9790517 [conditional P = 2.51 × 10−4; OR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–1.07] and rs77928427 (P = 1.86 × 10−4; OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07). Functional annotation using data from the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project revealed two putative functional variants, rs62331150 and rs73838678 in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs9790517 (r2 ≥ 0.90) residing in the active promoter or enhancer, respectively, of the nearest gene, TET2. Both variants are located in DNase I hypersensitivity and transcription factor–binding sites. Using data from both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC), we showed that rs62331150 was associated with level of expression of TET2 in breast normal and tumor tissue. Conclusion: Our study identified two independent association signals at 4q24 in relation to breast cancer risk and suggested that observed association in this locus may be mediated through the regulation of TET2. Impact: Fine-mapping study with large sample size warranted for identification of independent loci for breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(11); 1680–91. ©2015 AACR.

Published
2015

22. Inherited variants in the inner centromere protein (INCENP) gene of the chromosomal passenger complex contribute to the susceptibility of ER-negative breast cancer

Author

Melissa C. Southey, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Robert Winqvist, Simon S. Cross, Katarzyna Durda, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Judith S. Brand, Christi J. van Asperen, Javier Benitez, Isabel dos-Santos-Silva, Douglas F. Easton, Roger L. Milne, Justo Lorenzo Bermejo, Hermann Brenner, Patrick Neven, Frederik Marmé, Marie Sanchez, Peter Bugert, Maria Kabisch, Anja Rudolph, Arto Mannermaa, Thilo Dörk, Diether Lambrechts, Anna González-Neira, Hoda Anton-Culver, Thomas Dünnebier, Matthias Ruebner, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Amanda E. Toland, Veli-Matti Kosma, Christopher A. Haiman, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Martha J. Shrubsole, Florence Menegaux, Catriona McLean, Olivia Fletcher, Kamila Czene, Mark S. Goldberg, Per Hall, Jacques Simard, Keith Humphreys, Qin Wang, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Katarzyna Jaworska-Bieniek, Jan Lubinski, Loic Le Marchand, Katri Pylkäs, Barbara Perkins, Kristen S. Purrington, Daniel C. Tessier, Paolo Radice, Craig Luccarini, Sune F. Nielsen, Paolo Peterlongo, Nicola Miller, Jonine D. Figueroa, Julia A. Knight, Petra Seibold, Alan Ashworth, John L. Hopper, Annegien Broeks, Kristiina Aittomäki, Mieke Kriege, Sandrine Tchatchou, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Jenny Chang-Claude, Robert A.E.M. Tollenaar, Angela Cox, Maartje J. Hooning, Brian E. Henderson, Seth W. Slettedahl, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Thomas Brüning, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Francois Bacot, Alison M. Dunning, kConFab Investigators, Julian Peto, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Linetta B. Koppert, Volker Arndt, Rongxi Yang, Celine M. Vachon, Peter Devilee, Qiuyin Cai, Caroline Weltens, Hiltrud Brauch, Heli Nevanlinna, Sara Margolin, Mitul Shah, Matthias W. Beckmann, Stig E. Bojesen, Giulietta Scuvera, Kyriaki Michailidou, Jolanta Lissowska, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Fergus J. Couch, Barbara Burwinkel, Ute Hamann, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Janet E. Olson, Natalia Bogdanova, Irene L. Andrulis, M. Pilar Zamora, Caroline Baynes, Gord Glendon, Wei Zheng, Taru A. Muranen, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Caroline Seynaeve, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Stefano Fortuzzi, Mel Maranian, Arif B. Ekici, Nick Orr, Annika Lindblom, Nichola Johnson, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Peter A. Fasching, Sten Cornelissen, Martine Dumont, Diana Torres, Helen Tsimiklis, Yon-Dschun Ko, Vesa Kataja, Shibo Ying, Jingmei Li, Carmel Apicella, Vessela N. Kristensen, Hatef Darabi, Christa Stegmaier, Stéphanie Peeters, Michael J. Kerin, Graham G. Giles, Elinor J. Sawyer, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Manjeet K. Bolla, Carl Blomqvist, Xianshu Wang, Joe Dennis, Stephen J. Chanock, Mervi Grip, Jose Ignacio Arias Perez, Mikael Eriksson, Daniel Vincent, Antoinette Hollestelle, Pascal Guénel, Shahana Ahmed, Henrik Flyger, Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, and Surgery

Subjects
Risk, Cancer Research, Candidate gene, kinase, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Survivin, European Continental Ancestry Group, Estrogen receptor, cytokinesis, Original Manuscript, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome-wide association study, Breast Neoplasms, Cell Cycle Proteins, Biology, metaphase, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Medizinische Fakultät, cleavage furrow, Genotype, medicine, Aurora Kinase B, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ddc:610, Allele, skin and connective tissue diseases, 3' Untranslated Regions, mitosis, Genetics, INCENP, aurora-b, General Medicine, medicine.disease, segregation, mammaglobin, Receptors, Estrogen, midbody, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell division. Therefore, inherited CPC variability could influence tumor development. The present candidate gene approach investigates the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding key CPC components and breast cancer risk. Fifteen SNPs in four CPC genes (INCENP, AURKB, BIRC5 and CDCA8) were genotyped in 88 911 European women from 39 case-control studies of the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Possible associations were investigated in fixedeffects meta-analyses. The synonymous SNP rs1675126 in exon 7 of INCENP was associated with overall breast cancer risk per A allele odds ratio (OR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92-0.98, P = 0.007 and particularly with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast tumors (per A allele OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.95, P = 0.0005). SNPs not directly genotyped were imputed based on 1000 Genomes. The SNPs rs1047739 in the 3' untranslated region and rs144045115 downstream of INCENP showed the strongest association signals for overall (per T allele OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.06, P = 0.0009) and ER-negative breast cancer risk (per A allele OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.10, P = 0.0002). Two genotyped SNPs in BIRC5 were associated with familial breast cancer risk (top SNP rs2071214: per G allele OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21, P = 0.002). The data suggest that INCENP in the CPC pathway contributes to ER-negative breast cancer susceptibility in the European population. In spite of a modest contribution of CPC-inherited variants to the total burden of sporadic and familial breast cancer, their potential as novel targets for breast cancer treatment should be further investigated. © The Author 2015.

Published
2015

23. BRCA1 genomic deletions are major founder mutations in Dutch breast cancer patients

Author

Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Egbert Bakker, M.J.L. Ligtenberg, Anne Petrij-Bosch, Tamara Peelen, M. Drusedau, Cees J. Cornelisse, R. Olmer, Peter Devilee, S. Hageman, Hans F. A. Vasen, L.J. van 't Veer, Jan G. M. Klijn, G.J.B. van Ommen, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Peer Arts, M. van Vliet, R. van Eijk, and Other departments

Subjects
Genetic counseling, Molecular Sequence Data, Breast Neoplasms, Deoxyribonuclease HindIII, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Exon, Genetics, medicine, Humans, De rol van chromosoomafwijkingen en (anti-)oncogenen in humane tumoren, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Netherlands, Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid, Sequence Deletion, Ovarian Neoplasms, Mutation, Base Sequence, BRCA1 Protein, Point mutation, Haplotype, Single-strand conformation polymorphism, Middle Aged, Founder Effect, Blotting, Southern, genomic DNA, Haplotypes, Female, The role of chromosomal aberrations and (anti-)oncogenes in human tumours, Founder effect
Abstract

To date, more than 300 distinct small deletions, insertions and point mutations, mostly leading to premature termination of translation, have been reported in the breast/ovarian-cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1. The elevated frequencies of some mutations in certain ethnic subpopulations are caused by founder effects, rather than by mutation hotspots. Here we report that the currently available mutation spectrum of BRCA1 has been biased by PCR-based mutation-screening methods, such as SSCP, the protein truncation test (PTT) and direct sequencing, using genomic DNA as template. Three large genomic deletions that are not detected by these approaches comprise 36% of all BRCA1 mutations found in Dutch breast-cancer families to date. A 510-bp Alu-mediated deletion comprising exon 22 was found in 8 of 170 breast-cancer families recruited for research purposes and in 6 of 49 probands referred to the Amsterdam Family Cancer Clinic for genetic counselling. In addition, a 3,835-bp Alu-mediated deletion encompassing exon 13 was detected in 4 of 170 research families, while an deletion of approximately 14 kb was detected in a single family [corrected]. Haplotype analyses indicated that each recurrent deletion had a single common ancestor.

Published
1997
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24. A high-throughput functional complementation assay for classification of BRCA1 missense variants

Author

Jos Jonkers, Ellen Wientjens, Hanneke van der Gulden, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Rinske Drost, Ingrid van der Heijden, Peter Bouwman, Jost Seibler, Mark Pieterse, Christiaan Klijn, and Pramudita R. Prasetyanti

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, DNA Repair, Sequence analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Genes, BRCA1, Mutation, Missense, Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique), Context (language use), Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, medicine.disease_cause, Piperazines, Mice, Protein-fragment complementation assay, medicine, Missense mutation, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, skin and connective tissue diseases, Homologous Recombination, Peptide sequence, Gene, Embryonic Stem Cells, Cell Proliferation, Genetics, Mice, Knockout, Ovarian Neoplasms, Mutation, BRCA1 Protein, Genetic Complementation Test, Genetic Variation, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Oncology, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Phthalazines, Female, Cisplatin, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, RING Finger Domains
Abstract

Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for the majority of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers, and therefore sequence analysis of both genes is routinely conducted in patients with early-onset breast cancer. Besides mutations that clearly abolish protein function or are known to increase cancer risk, a large number of sequence variants of uncertain significance (VUS) have been identified. Although several functional assays for BRCA1 VUSs have been described, thus far it has not been possible to conduct a high-throughput analysis in the context of the full-length protein. We have developed a relatively fast and easy cDNA-based functional assay to classify BRCA1 VUSs based on their ability to functionally complement BRCA1-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells. Using this assay, we have analyzed 74 unclassified BRCA1 missense mutants for which all predicted pathogenic variants are confined to the BRCA1 RING and BRCT domains. Significance: BRCA1 VUSs are frequently found in patients with hereditary breast or ovarian cancer and present a serious problem for clinical geneticists. This article describes the generation, validation, and application of a reliable high-throughput assay for the functional classification of BRCA1 sequence variants of uncertain significance. Cancer Discov; 3(10); 1142–55. ©2013 AACR. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1083

Published
2013

25. Variants of Uncertain Significance in BRCA1 and BRCA2 assessment of in silico analysis and a proposal for communication in genetic counselling

Author

Christi J. van Asperen, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Maaike P.G. Vreeswijk, Setareh Moghadasi, Nandy Hofland, Joyce N Wouts, and Juul T. Wijnen

Subjects
In silico, Genetic counseling, Mutation, Missense, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Counseling, Computational biology, Biology, Predictive Value of Tests, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Computer Simulation, Amino Acid Sequence, Genetic Testing, Uncertain significance, Genetics (clinical), Genetic testing, BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, Base Sequence, medicine.diagnostic_test, BRCA1 Protein, Class (biology), Amino Acid Substitution, Current practice, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Female, Decision process, Sequence Alignment, Algorithms
Abstract

BACKGROUND Nearly 15% of BRCA1 and BRCA2 DNA tests lead to the identification of Variants of Uncertain Significance (VUS). VUS are classified in the Netherlands according to the Bell system and it is current practice that class III VUS are communicated to counsellees, but not class II or lower VUS. Our aims were to investigate the utility of in silico characteristics in the classification of VUS and whether initial VUS classifications justify differences in communication protocols during counselling. METHODS We classified 88 missense VUS in BRCA1 and BRCA2 on the basis of an in silico analysis and compared the classification of a subset of 60 VUS of which additional information including family, genetic and tumour data was available. RESULTS VUS allocated to class III more frequently showed in silico indications of a deleterious effect than class II VUS. Of the 46 VUS assigned to class II by in silico analysis alone, nearly half were eventually recategorised as class I and 10% as class III when additional information was included. CONCLUSIONS As in silico analysis alone is not always sufficient to unambiguously assign VUS to either class II or class III, we would argue that the prospect of obtaining additional information from a family should be given more weight during the decision process preceding the communication of a VUS test result. Research initiatives such as the Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA), which strive to combine diverse sources of information, will be valuable in aiding a definitive classification of a VUS.

Published
2013

26. Multiple independent variants at the TERT locus are associated with telomere length and risks of breast and ovarian cancer

Author

Michael Lush, Hans Wildiers, Christopher A. Haiman, Nils Schoof, Per Hall, Beatrice Melin, Hiltrud Brauch, Liisa M. Pelttari, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Laima Tihomirova, Ingo B. Runnebaum, Hui Cai, Kenneth Offit, Michael P. Lux, Robert Edwards, Julia A. Knight, Ignace Vergote, Arto Leminen, Alan Ashworth, Kyriaki Michailidou, Martha J. Shrubsole, Sophie Giraud, Nadeem Siddiqui, Katri Pylkäs, Sune F. Nielsen, Vernon S. Pankratz, Lenka Foretova, Anna González-Neira, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Anna Marie Mulligan, Andreas du Bois, Christi J. van Asperen, Nuria Álvarez, M. Pilar Zamora, Theo A. Mvan Os, Susan J. Ramus, Olivia Fletcher, Usha Menon, Olivier Caron, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Sara H. Olson, Ellen L. Goode, Yael Laitman, Jingmei Li, Lynne R. Wilkens, Carmel Apicella, Brooke L. Fridley, Robert Luben, Mark S. Goldberg, Mary Anne Rossing, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Jonathan Beesley, Jan Lubinski, Paolo Peterlongo, Phuong L. Mai, Henrik Flyger, Thilo Dörk, Douglas A. Levine, Rob B. van der Luijt, Stig E. Bojesen, Javier Benitez, Natalia Bogdanova, Stephen J. Chanock, Andrew K. Godwin, Sharon E. Johnatty, Helga B. Salvesen, Juliet D. French, Daphne Gschwantler Kaulich, Rod Karevan, Arif B. Ekici, Marc Frenay, Taru A. Muranen, Jirong Long, Catherine S. Healey, Craig Luccarini, Chen-Yang Shen, Lorna Gibson, Pascal Guénel, Hidemi Ito, Nicholas T. Woods, Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Thomas Hansen, Francesca Damiola, Valérie Bonadona, Satoyo Hosono, Marion Piedmonte, Steve Ellis, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, James McKay, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Jennifer A. Doherty, Xiao-Ou Shu, Curtis Olswold, Nhu D. Le, Michael J. Kerin, Malcolm C. Pike, Jenny Chang-Claude, Gianluca Severi, Michael Jones, Linda E. Kelemen, Loic Le Marchand, Maureen E. Hoatlin, Fredrick R. Schumacher, Dieter Niederacher, Michael E. Carney, Angela Cox, Attila Teoman, Hannah P. Yang, Graham G. Giles, Jianjun Liu, Xiaoqing Chen, Elisa V. Bandera, Tanja Pejovic, Galina Lurie, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Mariusz Bidziński, Chanel E. Smart, Maartje J. Hooning, Jose Ignacio Arias Perez, Anne-Marie Gerdes, L. Rogmann, Christoph Engel, Harvey A. Risch, Ignacio Blanco, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Hoda Anton-Culver, Camilla Krakstad, Volker Arndt, Foluso O. Ademuyiwa, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Stacey L. Edwards, Florian Heitz, Veli-Matti Kosma, Beth Y. Karlan, Robert A. Vierkant, Irene L. Andrulis, Agnieszka Dansonka-Mieszkowska, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Alison M. Dunning, Sabapathy P. Balasubramanian, Penny Soucy, Edwin S. Iversen, Heli Nevanlinna, Celeste Leigh Pearce, Melissa C. Southey, Howard C. Shen, Kenneth Muir, Jolanta Lissowska, Clareann H. Bunker, Judy Garber, David Van Den Berg, Yin Ling Woo, Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets, Rebecca Hein, Norbert Arnold, Saila Kauppila, Lisa Walker, Cezary Cybulski, Estrid Høgdall, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Robert Winqvist, Susanne K. Kjaer, Christa Stegmaier, Kazuo Tajima, Caroline Baynes, Valerie Gaborieau, Keitaro Matsuo, Ed Dicks, Irene Orlow, Torben A Kruse, Rachel Palmieri Weber, David E. Goldgar, Anna Jakubowska, Honglin Song, Antonis C. Antoniou, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Katja K.H. Aben, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Laurence Faivre, Stefan Nickels, Joellen M. Schildkraut, Yu Tang Gao, Valerie McGuire, Charles L. Shapiro, Sebastian M. Armasu, Katherine L. Nathanson, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Susan L. Neuhausen, Jolanta Kupryjanczyk, Janet E. Olson, Nicolas Wentzensen, Dong Young Noh, Maya Ghoussaini, Ian G. Campbell, Annegien Broeks, Gustavo C. Rodriguez, Rebecca L. Johnston, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Monica Barile, Vesa Kataja, Melanie Maranian, Shahana Ahmed, Christof Sohn, Julie M. Cunningham, Weiva Sieh, Shani Shimon Paluch, Riccardo Dolcetti, John W.M. Martens, Manjeet K. Bolla, Shelley S. Tworoger, Robert S. Brown, Allan Jensen, Hui Miao, Boris Winterhoff, Mari K. Halle, Arndt Hartmann, Loris Bernard, Brian E. Henderson, Els Wauters, Carl Blomqvist, Daniel O. Stram, Karen A. Pooley, Roberta B. Ness, James Paul, Hilda A. Pickett, Wei Zheng, Sandra Deming-Halverson, Soo Hwang Teo, Andrew Lee, Thomas A. Sellers, Philip Iau, D. Gareth Evans, Françis Bacot, Sunil R. Lakhani, Qin Wang, Nick Orr, Celine M. Vachon, Edith Olah, Gong Yang, Svend Aage Engelholm, Martine Dumont, Linda S. Cook, Daniel C. Tessier, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Paolo Radice, Mikael Hartman, Annika Lindblom, John R. McLaughlin, Radka Platte, Jenny Permuth-Wey, Keun-Young Yoo, Andrew Berchuck, Roger R. Reddel, M. John Kennedy, Toru Nakanishi, Allison F. Vitonis, Melissa C. Larson, Anna H. Wu, Helmut Deissler, Giuseppe Giannini, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Tomasz Byrski, M. Kamran Ikram, Natalia Antonenkova, Banu Arun, Peter Hillemanns, William Blot, Siti Zawiah Omar, Sue Healey, Trevor Cole, Cheng Har Yip, Matthias Dürst, Mark E. Robson, Roger L. Milne, Timothy R. Rebbeck, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Mieke Kriege, C. Ellen van der Schoot, Hansjoerg Plendl, Yasushi Yatabe, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Claus Høgdall, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Jacek Gronwald, Yi Lu, Kate Lawrenson, Michael D. Stutz, Chia-Ni Hsiung, Alvaro N.A. Monteiro, Maren Weischer, Philipp Harter, Nicola Miller, Lisa B. Signorello, Katarzyna Durda, Peter Lichtner, Ritu Salani, Alfons Meindl, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, George Fountzilas, Uffe Birk Jensen, Thomas Brüning, Laura Baglietto, Anne M. van Altena, Kristine M. Hillman, Bernard Peissel, Trinidad Caldés, Rosemarie Davidson, Julian Barwell, Peter Devilee, Jenny Lester, Qiuyin Cai, Heiko Müller, Jyh Cherng Yu, Kerstin Rhiem, Muy Kheng Tea, Sharon A. Savage, Åke Borg, Daniel Vincent, Antoinette Hollestelle, Katarzyna Jaworska, Mat Adenan Noor Azmi, Yon Ko, Kimberly R. Kalli, Debra Frost, Martin Gore, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Pornthep Siriwanarangsan, Evelyn Despierre, Fergus J. Couch, Vijayalakshmi Shridhar, Artitaya Lophatananon, Amanda B. Spurdle, Joe Dennis, Ute Hamann, Vessela N. Kristensen, Frederik Marmé, Jonathan Tyrer, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Wei Lu, Peter A. Fasching, Bruno Buecher, Kristiina Aittomäki, Kirsten B. Moysich, Lesley McGuffog, Mine S. Cicek, Guillermo Pita, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Agnes Jager, Catherine M. Phelan, Jacques Simard, Ming-Feng Hou, Hiroji Iwata, James M. Flanagan, Elena Fineberg, Susan M. Domchek, Csilla Szabo, Diether Lambrechts, Anja Rudolph, Daehee Kang, Gottfried E. Konecny, Eitan Friedman, Argyrios Ziogas, Arto Mannermaa, Susan Peock, Matti A. Rookus, Christian F. Singer, Claire Mulot, Siranoush Manoukian, Johanna Rantala, Helen Tsimiklis, Gord Glendon, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Barbara Brouwers, Filomena Ficarazzi, Jonine D. Figueroa, Anne-Bine Skytte, Caroline Seynaeve, Christian Sutter, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Jeffrey N. Weitzel, Kathryn L. Terry, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Simon A. Gayther, Barbara Burwinkel, Ira Schwaab, Steven A. Narod, Elisabeth Wik, Ralf Bützow, Marco Montagna, Mark H. Greene, Linde M. Braaf, Janusz Menkiszak, Kamila Czene, Sarah Stewart-Brown, Kees E. P. van Roozendaal, Andreas Schneeweiss, Daniel Barrowdale, Elinor J. Sawyer, Alice S. Whittemore, Marc T. Goodman, Judith E. Brown, Kunle Odunsi, John L. Hopper, Nina Ditsch, Leon F.A.G. Massuger, Hermann Brenner, Joaquin J. Garcia, Xianshu Wang, Susan L. Slager, Aleksandra Tołoczko-Grabarek, Sylvie Mazoyer, Diana Eccles, Yik Ying Teo, Iwona K. Rzepecka, Bernardo Bonanni, Sara Margolin, Daniela Zaffaroni, Yew Ching Teh, Ans M Wvan Den Ouweland, Bent Ejlertsen, Maria Soller, Mitul Shah, Matthias W. Beckmann, Elizabeth M. Poole, J. Margriet Collée, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Sandrina Lambrechts, Daniel W. Cramer, Douglas F. Easton, Virginie Caux-Moncoutier, Mads Thomassen, Keith Humphreys, ~, Landsteiner Laboratory, Clinical Haematology, CCA -Cancer Center Amsterdam, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Human Genetics, MUMC+: DA KG Lab Centraal Lab (9), Genetica & Celbiologie, RS: GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, Human genetics, CCA - Oncogenesis, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Clinical Genetics, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Medical Oncology

Subjects
Telomerase, Messenger, Càncer d'ovari, Estrogen receptor, Aetiology, screening and detection [ONCOL 5], 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Risk Factors, Alternative Splicing, Biomarkers, Tumor, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Chromatin, DNA Methylation, Female, Gene Expression Profiling, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Luciferases, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, RNA, Messenger, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Telomere, Genetics, BUCCAL CELLS, 0303 health sciences, Tumor, Telòmer, GENETIC-VARIATION, COMMON VARIANTS, Single Nucleotide, tert-clptm1l locus, genome-wide association, genetic-variation, susceptibility loci, buccal cells, fibroblasts, common variants, carcinoma, reverse-transcriptase htert, metaanalysis, Aetiology, screening and detection Immune Regulation [ONCOL 5], 3. Good health, Tumor Markers, Biological, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, FIBROBLASTS, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI, CARCINOMA, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biology, Article, Càncer de mama, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Ovarian cancer, medicine, Polymorphism, Allele, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, METAANALYSIS, 030304 developmental biology, Molecular epidemiology Aetiology, screening and detection [NCEBP 1], Breast cancer susceptibility, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], Translational research Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [ONCOL 3], medicine.disease, Molecular biology, TERT-CLPTM1L LOCUS, Minor allele frequency, RNA, Biomarkers, REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE HTERT
Abstract

Journal article TERT-locus SNPs and leukocyte telomere measures are reportedly associated with risks of multiple cancers. Using the Illumina custom genotyping array iCOGs, we analyzed ~480 SNPs at the TERT locus in breast (n = 103,991), ovarian (n = 39,774) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (n = 11,705) cancer cases and controls. Leukocyte telomere measurements were also available for 53,724 participants. Most associations cluster into three independent peaks. The minor allele at the peak 1 SNP rs2736108 associates with longer telomeres (P = 5.8 × 10!-7), lower risks for estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (P = 1.0 × 10!-8) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (P = 1.1 × 10!-5) breast cancers and altered promoter assay signal. The minor allele at the peak 2 SNP rs7705526 associates with longer telomeres (P = 2.3 × 10!-14), higher risk of low-malignant-potential ovarian cancer (P = 1.3 × 10!-15) and greater promoter activity. The minor alleles at the peak 3 SNPs rs10069690 and rs2242652 increase ER-negative (P = 1.2 × 10!-12) and BRCA1 mutation carrier (P = 1.6 × 10!-14) breast and invasive ovarian (P = 1.3 × 10!-11) cancer risks but not via altered telomere length. The cancer risk alleles of rs2242652 and rs10069690, respectively, increase silencing and generate a truncated TERT splice variant. European Commission Seventh Framework Programme (agreement 223175-HEALTH-F2-2009-223175); Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10118 and C1287/A12014) peer-reviewed

Published
2013
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27. Triple-negative breast cancer: BRCAness and concordance of clinical features with BRCA1-mutations carriers

Author

Petra M. Nederlof, A.L.T. Imholz, L. E. van der Kolk, Anne M.M. Oonk, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Lennart Mulder, Sjoerd Rodenhuis, Jelle Wesseling, Esther H. Lips, and Other departments

Subjects
Adult, Oncology, Heterozygote, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Adolescent, endocrine system diseases, Receptor, ErbB-2, Colorectal cancer, Concordance, DNA Mutational Analysis, Genes, BRCA1, Breast Neoplasms, DCN PAC - Perception action and control, array Comparative Genomic Hybridisation, triple negative, Young Adult, Prostate cancer, breast cancer, Breast cancer, BRCA1 mutation, Internal medicine, BRCAness, Humans, Medicine, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lung cancer, Triple-negative breast cancer, Aged, Cervical cancer, business.industry, Genetics and Genomics, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Receptors, Estrogen, Female, Skin cancer, Receptors, Progesterone, business, neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Abstract

Background: BRCAness is defined as shared tumour characteristics between sporadic and BRCA-mutated cancers. However, how to exactly measure BRCAness and its frequency in breast cancer is not known. Assays to establish BRCAness would be extremely valuable for the clinical management of these tumours. We assessed BRCAness characteristics frequencies in a large cohort of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Methods: As a measure of BRCAness, we determined a specific BRCA1-like pattern by array Comparative Genomic Hybridisation (aCGH), and BRCA1 promoter methylation in 377 TNBCs, obtained from 3 different patient cohorts. Clinicopathological data were available for all tumours, BRCA1-germline mutation status and chemotherapy response data were available for a subset. Results: Of the tumours, 66–69% had a BRCA1-like aCGH profile and 27–37% showed BRCA1 promoter methylation. BRCA1-germline mutations and BRCA1 promoter methylation were mutually exclusive events (P=1 × 10−5). BRCAness was associated with younger age and grade 3 tumours. Chemotherapy response was significantly higher in BRCA1-mutated tumours, but not in tumours with BRCAness (63% (12 out of 19) vs 35% (18 out of 52) pathological complete remission rate, respectively). Conclusion: The majority of the TNBCs show BRCAness, and those tumours share clinicopathological characteristics with BRCA1-mutated tumours. A better characterisation of TNBC and the presence of BRCAness could have consequences for both hereditary breast cancer screening and the treatment of these tumours.

Published
2013
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28. Evidence of Gene-Environment Interactions between Common Breast Cancer Susceptibility Loci and Established Environmental Risk Factors

Author

Fergus J, Couch, Xianshu, Wang, Lesley, McGuffog, Andrew, Lee, Curtis, Olswold, Karoline B, Kuchenbaecker, Penny, Soucy, Zachary, Fredericksen, Daniel, Barrowdale, Joe, Dennis, Mia M, Gaudet, Ed, Dicks, Matthew, Kosel, Sue, Healey, Olga M, Sinilnikova, Adam, Lee, François, Bacot, Daniel, Vincent, Frans B L, Hogervorst, Susan, Peock, Dominique, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Anna, Jakubowska, Paolo, Radice, Rita Katharina, Schmutzler, Susan M, Domchek, Marion, Piedmonte, Christian F, Singer, Eitan, Friedman, Mads, Thomassen, Thomas V O, Hansen, Susan L, Neuhausen, Csilla I, Szabo, Ignacio, Blanco, Mark H, Greene, Beth Y, Karlan, Judy, Garber, Catherine M, Phelan, Jeffrey N, Weitzel, Marco, Montagna, Edith, Olah, Irene L, Andrulis, Andrew K, Godwin, Drakoulis, Yannoukakos, David E, Goldgar, Trinidad, Caldes, Heli, Nevanlinna, Ana, Osorio, Mary Beth, Terry, Mary B, Daly, Elizabeth J, van Rensburg, Ute, Hamann, Susan J, Ramus, Amanda Ewart, Toland, Maria A, Caligo, Olufunmilayo I, Olopade, Nadine, Tung, Kathleen, Claes, Mary S, Beattie, Melissa C, Southey, Evgeny N, Imyanitov, Marc, Tischkowitz, Ramunas, Janavicius, Esther M, John, Ava, Kwong, Orland, Diez, Judith, Balmaña, Rosa B, Barkardottir, Banu K, Arun, Gad, Rennert, Soo-Hwang, Teo, Patricia A, Ganz, Ian, Campbell, Annemarie H, van der Hout, Carolien H M, van Deurzen, Caroline, Seynaeve, Encarna B, Gómez Garcia, Flora E, van Leeuwen, Hanne E J, Meijers-Heijboer, Johannes J P, Gille, Margreet G E M, Ausems, Marinus J, Blok, Marjolijn J L, Ligtenberg, Matti A, Rookus, Peter, Devilee, Senno, Verhoef, Theo A M, van Os, Juul T, Wijnen, Debra, Frost, Steve, Ellis, Elena, Fineberg, Radka, Platte, D Gareth, Evans, Louise, Izatt, Rosalind A, Eeles, Julian, Adlard, Diana M, Eccles, Jackie, Cook, Carole, Brewer, Fiona, Douglas, Shirley, Hodgson, Patrick J, Morrison, Lucy E, Side, Alan, Donaldson, Catherine, Houghton, Mark T, Rogers, Huw, Dorkins, Jacqueline, Eason, Helen, Gregory, Emma, McCann, Alex, Murray, Alain, Calender, Agnès, Hardouin, Pascaline, Berthet, Capucine, Delnatte, Catherine, Nogues, Christine, Lasset, Claude, Houdayer, Dominique, Leroux, Etienne, Rouleau, Fabienne, Prieur, Francesca, Damiola, Hagay, Sobol, Isabelle, Coupier, Laurence, Venat-Bouvet, Laurent, Castera, Marion, Gauthier-Villars, Mélanie, Léoné, Pascal, Pujol, Sylvie, Mazoyer, Yves-Jean, Bignon, Elżbieta, Złowocka-Perłowska, Jacek, Gronwald, Jan, Lubinski, Katarzyna, Durda, Katarzyna, Jaworska, Tomasz, Huzarski, Amanda B, Spurdle, Alessandra, Viel, Bernard, Peissel, Bernardo, Bonanni, Giulia, Melloni, Laura, Ottini, Laura, Papi, Liliana, Varesco, Maria Grazia, Tibiletti, Paolo, Peterlongo, Sara, Volorio, Siranoush, Manoukian, Valeria, Pensotti, Norbert, Arnold, Christoph, Engel, Helmut, Deissler, Dorothea, Gadzicki, Andrea, Gehrig, Karin, Kast, Kerstin, Rhiem, Alfons, Meindl, Dieter, Niederacher, Nina, Ditsch, Hansjoerg, Plendl, Sabine, Preisler-Adams, Stefanie, Engert, Christian, Sutter, Raymonda, Varon-Mateeva, Barbara, Wappenschmidt, Bernhard H F, Weber, Brita, Arver, Marie, Stenmark-Askmalm, Niklas, Loman, Richard, Rosenquist, Zakaria, Einbeigi, Katherine L, Nathanson, Timothy R, Rebbeck, Stephanie V, Blank, David E, Cohn, Gustavo C, Rodriguez, Laurie, Small, Michael, Friedlander, Victoria L, Bae-Jump, Anneliese, Fink-Retter, Christine, Rappaport, Daphne, Gschwantler-Kaulich, Georg, Pfeiler, Muy-Kheng, Tea, Noralane M, Lindor, Bella, Kaufman, Shani, Shimon Paluch, Yael, Laitman, Anne-Bine, Skytte, Anne-Marie, Gerdes, Inge Sokilde, Pedersen, Sanne Traasdahl, Moeller, Torben A, Kruse, Uffe Birk, Jensen, Joseph, Vijai, Kara, Sarrel, Mark, Robson, Noah, Kauff, Anna Marie, Mulligan, Gord, Glendon, Hilmi, Ozcelik, Bent, Ejlertsen, Finn C, Nielsen, Lars, Jønson, Mette K, Andersen, Yuan Chun, Ding, Linda, Steele, Lenka, Foretova, Alex, Teulé, Conxi, Lazaro, Joan, Brunet, Miquel Angel, Pujana, Phuong L, Mai, Jennifer T, Loud, Christine, Walsh, Jenny, Lester, Sandra, Orsulic, Steven A, Narod, Josef, Herzog, Sharon R, Sand, Silvia, Tognazzo, Simona, Agata, Tibor, Vaszko, Joellen, Weaver, Alexandra V, Stavropoulou, Saundra S, Buys, Atocha, Romero, Miguel, de la Hoya, Kristiina, Aittomäki, Taru A, Muranen, Mercedes, Duran, Wendy K, Chung, Adriana, Lasa, Cecilia M, Dorfling, Alexander, Miron, Javier, Benitez, Leigha, Senter, Dezheng, Huo, Salina B, Chan, Anna P, Sokolenko, Jocelyne, Chiquette, Laima, Tihomirova, Tara M, Friebel, Bjarni A, Agnarsson, Karen H, Lu, Flavio, Lejbkowicz, Paul A, James, Per, Hall, Alison M, Dunning, Daniel, Tessier, Julie, Cunningham, Susan L, Slager, Chen, Wang, Steven, Hart, Kristen, Stevens, Jacques, Simard, Tomi, Pastinen, Vernon S, Pankratz, Kenneth, Offit, Douglas F, Easton, Georgia, Chenevix-Trench, and Antonis C, Antoniou

Subjects
BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, Heterozygote, endocrine system diseases, Genotype, BRCA1 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Mutation, Humans, Medicine, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, skin and connective tissue diseases, Biology, Genome-Wide Association Study, Research Article
Abstract

BRCA1-associated breast and ovarian cancer risks can be modified by common genetic variants. To identify further cancer risk-modifying loci, we performed a multi-stage GWAS of 11,705 BRCA1 carriers (of whom 5,920 were diagnosed with breast and 1,839 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer), with a further replication in an additional sample of 2,646 BRCA1 carriers. We identified a novel breast cancer risk modifier locus at 1q32 for BRCA1 carriers (rs2290854, P = 2.7×10−8, HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09–1.20). In addition, we identified two novel ovarian cancer risk modifier loci: 17q21.31 (rs17631303, P = 1.4×10−8, HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.17–1.38) and 4q32.3 (rs4691139, P = 3.4×10−8, HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17–1.38). The 4q32.3 locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or BRCA2 carriers, suggesting a BRCA1-specific association. The 17q21.31 locus was also associated with ovarian cancer risk in 8,211 BRCA2 carriers (P = 2×10−4). These loci may lead to an improved understanding of the etiology of breast and ovarian tumors in BRCA1 carriers. Based on the joint distribution of the known BRCA1 breast cancer risk-modifying loci, we estimated that the breast cancer lifetime risks for the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk are 28%–50% compared to 81%–100% for the 5% at highest risk. Similarly, based on the known ovarian cancer risk-modifying loci, the 5% of BRCA1 carriers at lowest risk have an estimated lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer of 28% or lower, whereas the 5% at highest risk will have a risk of 63% or higher. Such differences in risk may have important implications for risk prediction and clinical management for BRCA1 carriers., Author Summary BRCA1 mutation carriers have increased and variable risks of breast and ovarian cancer. To identify modifiers of breast and ovarian cancer risk in this population, a multi-stage GWAS of 14,351 BRCA1 mutation carriers was performed. Loci 1q32 and TCF7L2 at 10q25.3 were associated with breast cancer risk, and two loci at 4q32.2 and 17q21.31 were associated with ovarian cancer risk. The 4q32.3 ovarian cancer locus was not associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population or in BRCA2 carriers and is the first indication of a BRCA1-specific risk locus for either breast or ovarian cancer. Furthermore, modeling the influence of these modifiers on cumulative risk of breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers for the first time showed that a wide range of individual absolute risks of each cancer can be estimated. These differences suggest that genetic risk modifiers may be incorporated into the clinical management of BRCA1 mutation carriers.

Published
2012

29. Evidence of Gene-Environment Interactions between Common Breast Cancer Susceptibility Loci and Established Environmental Risk Factors

Author

Mia M, Gaudet, Karoline B, Kuchenbaecker, Joseph, Vijai, Robert J, Klein, Tomas, Kirchhoff, Lesley, McGuffog, Daniel, Barrowdale, Alison M, Dunning, Andrew, Lee, Joe, Dennis, Sue, Healey, Ed, Dicks, Penny, Soucy, Olga M, Sinilnikova, Vernon S, Pankratz, Xianshu, Wang, Ronald C, Eldridge, Daniel C, Tessier, Daniel, Vincent, Francois, Bacot, Frans B L, Hogervorst, Susan, Peock, Dominique, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Paolo, Peterlongo, Rita K, Schmutzler, Katherine L, Nathanson, Marion, Piedmonte, Christian F, Singer, Mads, Thomassen, Thomas v O, Hansen, Susan L, Neuhausen, Ignacio, Blanco, Mark H, Greene, Judith, Garber, Jeffrey N, Weitzel, Irene L, Andrulis, David E, Goldgar, Emma, D'Andrea, Trinidad, Caldes, Heli, Nevanlinna, Ana, Osorio, Elizabeth J, van Rensburg, Adalgeir, Arason, Gad, Rennert, Ans M W, van den Ouweland, Annemarie H, van der Hout, Carolien M, Kets, Cora M, Aalfs, Juul T, Wijnen, Margreet G E M, Ausems, Debra, Frost, Steve, Ellis, Elena, Fineberg, Radka, Platte, D Gareth, Evans, Chris, Jacobs, Julian, Adlard, Marc, Tischkowitz, Mary E, Porteous, Francesca, Damiola, Lisa, Golmard, Laure, Barjhoux, Michel, Longy, Muriel, Belotti, Sandra Fert, Ferrer, Sylvie, Mazoyer, Amanda B, Spurdle, Siranoush, Manoukian, Monica, Barile, Maurizio, Genuardi, Norbert, Arnold, Alfons, Meindl, Christian, Sutter, Barbara, Wappenschmidt, Susan M, Domchek, Georg, Pfeiler, Eitan, Friedman, Uffe Birk, Jensen, Mark, Robson, Sohela, Shah, Conxi, Lazaro, Phuong L, Mai, Javier, Benitez, Melissa C, Southey, Marjanka K, Schmidt, Peter A, Fasching, Julian, Peto, Manjeet K, Humphreys, Qin, Wang, Kyriaki, Michailidou, Elinor J, Sawyer, Barbara, Burwinkel, Pascal, Guénel, Stig E, Bojesen, Roger L, Milne, Hermann, Brenner, Magdalena, Lochmann, Kristiina, Aittomäki, Thilo, Dörk, Sara, Margolin, Arto, Mannermaa, Diether, Lambrechts, Jenny, Chang-Claude, Paolo, Radice, Graham G, Giles, Christopher A, Haiman, Robert, Winqvist, Peter, Devillee, Montserrat, García-Closas, Nils, Schoof, Maartje J, Hooning, Angela, Cox, Paul D P, Pharoah, Anna, Jakubowska, Nick, Orr, Anna, González-Neira, Guillermo, Pita, M Rosario, Alonso, Per, Hall, Fergus J, Couch, Jacques, Simard, David, Altshuler, Douglas F, Easton, Georgia, Chenevix-Trench, Antonis C, Antoniou, and Kenneth, Offit

Subjects
Adult, BRCA2 Protein, Heterozygote, Genotype, BRCA1 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Mutation, Genetics, Cancer Genetics, Genome-Wide Association Studies, Humans, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, skin and connective tissue diseases, Biology, Alleles, Aged, Genome-Wide Association Study, Research Article
Abstract

Common genetic variants contribute to the observed variation in breast cancer risk for BRCA2 mutation carriers; those known to date have all been found through population-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS). To comprehensively identify breast cancer risk modifying loci for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we conducted a deep replication of an ongoing GWAS discovery study. Using the ranked P-values of the breast cancer associations with the imputed genotype of 1.4 M SNPs, 19,029 SNPs were selected and designed for inclusion on a custom Illumina array that included a total of 211,155 SNPs as part of a multi-consortial project. DNA samples from 3,881 breast cancer affected and 4,330 unaffected BRCA2 mutation carriers from 47 studies belonging to the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 were genotyped and available for analysis. We replicated previously reported breast cancer susceptibility alleles in these BRCA2 mutation carriers and for several regions (including FGFR2, MAP3K1, CDKN2A/B, and PTHLH) identified SNPs that have stronger evidence of association than those previously published. We also identified a novel susceptibility allele at 6p24 that was inversely associated with risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers (rs9348512; per allele HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.80–0.90, P = 3.9×10−8). This SNP was not associated with breast cancer risk either in the general population or in BRCA1 mutation carriers. The locus lies within a region containing TFAP2A, which encodes a transcriptional activation protein that interacts with several tumor suppressor genes. This report identifies the first breast cancer risk locus specific to a BRCA2 mutation background. This comprehensive update of novel and previously reported breast cancer susceptibility loci contributes to the establishment of a panel of SNPs that modify breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers. This panel may have clinical utility for women with BRCA2 mutations weighing options for medical prevention of breast cancer., Author Summary Women who carry BRCA2 mutations have an increased risk of breast cancer that varies widely. To identify common genetic variants that modify the breast cancer risk associated with BRCA2 mutations, we have built upon our previous work in which we examined genetic variants across the genome in relation to breast cancer risk among BRCA2 mutation carriers. Using a custom genotyping platform with 211,155 genetic variants known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we genotyped 3,881 women who had breast cancer and 4,330 women without breast cancer, which represents the largest possible, international collection of BRCA2 mutation carriers. We identified that a SNP located at 6p24 in the genome was associated with lower risk of breast cancer. Importantly, this SNP was not associated with breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers or in a general population of women, indicating that the breast cancer association with this SNP might be specific to BRCA2 mutation carriers. Combining this BRCA2-specific SNP with 13 other breast cancer risk SNPs also known to modify risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers, we were able to derive a risk prediction model that could be useful in helping women with BRCA2 mutations weigh their risk-reduction strategy options.

Published
2012

30. The KL-VS sequence variant of Klotho and cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author

Andrew K. Godwin, Douglas F. Easton, Heli Nevanlinna, Susan Peock, Paolo Radice, Rita K. Schmutzler, Katherine L. Nathanson, Lesley McGuffog, Xiaoqing Chen, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Ido Wolf, Johanna Rantala, Karoline Kuchenbaecker, Claudine Isaacs, Fergus J. Couch, Antonis C. Antoniou, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Adalgeir Arason, Maria A. Caligo, Susan L. Neuhausen, Tomas Kirchhoff, Eitan Friedman, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Patricia A. Ganz, Sue Healey, Paolo Peterlongo, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Yael Laitman, and Kenneth Offit

Subjects
Adult, Cancer Research, Heterozygote, endocrine system diseases, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Article, Breast cancer, Polymorphism (computer science), medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, skin and connective tissue diseases, Klotho, Klotho Proteins, Genetic Association Studies, Aged, Glucuronidase, Proportional Hazards Models, BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA mutation, Case-control study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Oncology, Case-Control Studies, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Cancer research, Female, Ovarian cancer
Abstract

Klotho (KL) is a putative tumor suppressor gene in breast and pancreatic cancers located at chromosome 13q12. A functional sequence variant of Klotho (KL-VS) was previously reported to modify breast cancer risk in Jewish BRCA1 mutation carriers. The effect of this variant on breast and ovarian cancer risks in non-Jewish BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers has not been reported. The KL-VS variant was genotyped in women of European ancestry carrying a BRCA mutation: 5,741 BRCA1 mutation carriers (2,997 with breast cancer, 705 with ovarian cancer, and 2,039 cancer free women) and 3,339 BRCA2 mutation carriers (1,846 with breast cancer, 207 with ovarian cancer, and 1,286 cancer free women) from 16 centers. Genotyping was accomplished using TaqMan(®) allelic discrimination or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Data were analyzed within a retrospective cohort approach, stratified by country of origin and Ashkenazi Jewish origin. The per-allele hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer was 1.02 (95% CI 0.93-1.12, P = 0.66) for BRCA1 mutation carriers and 0.92 (95% CI 0.82-1.04, P = 0.17) for BRCA2 mutation carriers. Results remained unaltered when analysis excluded prevalent breast cancer cases. Similarly, the per-allele HR for ovarian cancer was 1.01 (95% CI 0.84-1.20, P = 0.95) for BRCA1 mutation carriers and 0.9 (95% CI 0.66-1.22, P = 0.45) for BRCA2 mutation carriers. The risk did not change when carriers of the 6174delT mutation were excluded. There was a lack of association of the KL-VS Klotho variant with either breast or ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Published
2012

31. Behavioral and psychosocial effects of rapid genetic counseling and testing in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients: Design of a multicenter randomized clinical trial

Author

Rob B. van der Luijt, Richard van Hillegersberg, Daniela E E Hahn, Neil K. Aaronson, Heiddis B. Valdimarsdottir, Margreet G. E. M. Ausems, Eveline M. A. Bleiker, Marijke R. Wevers, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Emiel J. Th. Rutgers, Senno Verhoef, Klinische Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Faculteit der Geneeskunde, and Human Genetics

Subjects
Adult, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Genetic counseling, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Counseling, Gene mutation, lcsh:RC254-282, law.invention, Study Protocol, Breast cancer, Randomized controlled trial, Patient Education as Topic, law, medicine, Genetics, Humans, Genetic Testing, Mastectomy, Genetic testing, BRCA2 Protein, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, BRCA1 Protein, Oophorectomy, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Oncology, Mutation, Physical therapy, business, Psychosocial, Risk Reduction Behavior, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background It has been estimated that between 5% and 10% of women diagnosed with breast cancer have a hereditary form of the disease, primarily caused by a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation. Such women have an increased risk of developing a new primary breast and/or ovarian tumor, and may therefore opt for preventive surgery (e.g., bilateral mastectomy, oophorectomy). It is common practice to offer high-risk patients genetic counseling and DNA testing after their primary treatment, with genetic test results being available within 4-6 months. However, some non-commercial laboratories can currently generate test results within 3 to 6 weeks, and thus make it possible to provide rapid genetic counseling and testing (RGCT) prior to primary treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of RGCT on treatment decisions and on psychosocial health. Methods/Design In this randomized controlled trial, 255 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with at least a 10% risk of carrying a BRCA gene mutation are being recruited from 12 hospitals in the Netherlands. Participants are randomized in a 2:1 ratio to either a RGCT intervention group (the offer of RGCT directly following diagnosis with tests results available before surgical treatment) or to a usual care control group. The primary behavioral outcome is the uptake of direct bilateral mastectomy or delayed prophylactic contralateral mastectomy. Psychosocial outcomes include cancer risk perception, cancer-related worry and distress, health-related quality of life, decisional satisfaction and the perceived need for and use of additional decisional counseling and psychosocial support. Data are collected via medical chart audits and self-report questionnaires administered prior to randomization, and at 6 month and at 12 month follow-up. Discussion This trial will provide essential information on the impact of RGCT on the choice of primary surgical treatment among women with breast cancer with an increased risk of hereditary cancer. This study will also provide data on the psychosocial consequences of RGCT and of risk-reducing behavior. Trial registration The study is registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR1493) and ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00783822).

Published
2011
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32. CHEK2*1100delC homozygosity is associated with a high breast cancer risk in women

Author

Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Saskia E. van Mil, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Aad van der Vaart, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Irma Kluijt, Muriel A. Adank, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Wolter J Mooi, Marianne A. Jonker, Johan J.P. Gille, Quinten Waisfisz, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Human genetics, Pathology, CCA - Oncogenesis, Stochastics, Mathematics, Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC other, and Human Genetics

Subjects
Oncology, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Genetic Carrier Screening, Breast Neoplasms, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Risk Factors, Molecular genetics, Internal medicine, Genotype, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Allele, Frameshift Mutation, skin and connective tissue diseases, CHEK2, Genetics (clinical), Alleles, Genetic testing, Aged, BRCA2 Protein, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, BRCA1 Protein, Homozygote, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Relative risk, Female, business
Abstract

Background Mutations in the CHEK2 gene confer a moderately increased breast cancer risk. The risk for female carriers of the CHEK2* 1100delC mutation is twofold increased. Breast cancer risk for carrier women is higher in a familial breast cancer setting which is due to coinheritance of additional genetic risk factors. This study investigated the occurrence of homozygosity for the CHEK2* 1100delC allele among familial breast cancer cases and the associated breast cancer risk. Methods and results Homozygosity for the CHEK2* 1100delC allele was identified in 8/2554 Dutch independent familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer cases. The genotype relative risk for breast cancer of homozygous and heterozygous familial breast cancer cases was 101.34 (95% CI 4.47 to 121 000) and 4.04 (95% CI 0.88 to 21.0), respectively. Female homozygotes appeared to have a greater than twofold increased breast cancer risk compared to familial CHEK2* 1100delC heterozygotes (p = 0.044). These results and the occurrence of multiple primary tumours in 7/10 homozygotes indicate a high cancer risk in homozygous women from non-BRCA1/2 families. Conclusions Intensive breast surveillance is therefore justified in these homozygous women. It is concluded that diagnostic testing for biallelic mutations in CHEK2 is indicated in non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer families, especially in populations with a relatively high prevalence of deleterious mutations in CHEK2.

Published
2011
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33. Subtypes of familial breast tumours revealed by expression and copy number profiling

Author

Mohammed S. Orloff, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Max Yan, Lynne Reid, Jeremy Arnold, Cameron N. Johnstone, Leonard Da Silva, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Nic Waddell, Peter T. Simpson, Andrew K. Godwin, Guillaume Assié, Anna Marsh, Sunil R. Lakhani, Charis Eng, Sibylle Cocciardi, James M. Flanagan, Patricia Keith, Kum Kum Khanna, Stephen B. Fox, Peter Devilee, kConFab Investigators, Fergus J. Couch, Sean M. Grimmond, and Joan Riley

Subjects
Cancer Research, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Heredity, endocrine system diseases, Gene Dosage, Loss of Heterozygosity, Breast Neoplasms, BRCA1 and BRCA2 Molecular subtypes Familial breast cancer Gene expression Copy number aberrations comparative genomic hybridization brca1 promoter methylation hidden-markov model snp genotyping data gene-expression sporadic breast molecular portraits tissue microarray ovarian-cancer immunohistochemical markers, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Gene dosage, Cohort Studies, Loss of heterozygosity, Breast cancer, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, skin and connective tissue diseases, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, BRCA2 Protein, Chromosome Aberrations, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Tissue microarray, BRCA1 Protein, Gene Expression Profiling, Cancer, DNA Methylation, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Gene expression profiling, Oncology, Cancer research, Female, Breast disease, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Extensive expression profiling studies have shown that sporadic breast cancer is composed of five clinically relevant molecular subtypes. However, although BRCA1-related tumours are known to be predominantly basal-like, there are few published data on other classes of familial breast tumours. We analysed a cohort of 75 BRCA1, BRCA2 and non-BRCA1/2 breast tumours by gene expression profiling and found that 74% BRCA1 tumours were basal-like, 73% of BRCA2 tumours were luminal A or B, and 52% non-BRCA1/2 tumours were luminal A. Thirty-four tumours were also analysed by single nucleotide polymorphism-comparative genomic hybridization (SNP-CGH) arrays. Copy number data could predict whether a tumour was basal-like or luminal with high accuracy, but could not predict its mutation class. Basal-like BRCA1 and basal-like non-BRCA1 tumours were very similar, and contained the highest number of chromosome aberrations. We identified regions of frequent gain containing potential driver genes in the basal (8q and 12p) and luminal A tumours (1q and 17q). Regions of homozygous loss associated with decreased expression of potential tumour suppressor genes were also detected, including in basal tumours (5q and 9p), and basal and luminal tumours (10q). This study highlights the heterogeneity of familial tumours and the clinical consequences for treatment and prognosis.

Published
2010

34. Prediction of BRCA2-association in hereditary breast carcinomas using array-CGH

Author

Kim I. M. Brandwijk, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Jelle Wesseling, Simon A. Joosse, Peter Devilee, Petra M. Nederlof, and Senno Verhoef

Subjects
Oncology, Cancer Research, Pathology, Heredity, endocrine system diseases, Loss of Heterozygosity, Loss of heterozygosity, Promoter Regions, Genetic, skin and connective tissue diseases, Netherlands, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Aged, 80 and over, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, medicine.diagnostic_test, BRCA1 Protein, Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast, Genomic signature, Middle Aged, BRCA2 Protein, Immunohistochemistry, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Phenotype, Receptors, Estrogen, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA Copy Number Variations, Breast Neoplasms, Sensitivity and Specificity, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Genetic Testing, Genetic testing, Aged, Chromosome Aberrations, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, Reproducibility of Results, DNA Methylation, medicine.disease, Mutation, Ovarian cancer, business, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Germline mutations in BRCA1/2 increase the lifetime risk for breast and ovarian cancer dramatically. Identification of such mutations is important for optimal treatment decisions and pre-symptomatic mutation screening in family members. Although current DNA diagnostics is able to identify many different mutations, it remains unclear, how many BRCA2-associated breast cancer cases remain unidentified as such. In addition, mutation scanning detects many unclassified variants (UV) for which the clinical relevance is uncertain. Therefore, our aim was to develop a test to identify BRCA2-association in breast tumors based on the genomic signature. A BRCA2-classifier was built using array-CGH profiles of 28 BRCA2-mutated and 28 sporadic breast tumors. The classifier was validated on an independent group of 19 BRCA2-mutated and 19 sporadic breast tumors. Subsequently, we tested 89 breast tumors from suspected hereditary breast (and ovarian) cancer (HBOC) families, in which either no BRCA1/2 mutation or an UV had been found by routine diagnostics. The classifier showed a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 84% on the validation set of known BRCA2-mutation carriers and sporadic tumor cases. Of the 89 HBOC cases, 17 presented a BRCA2-like profile. In three of these cases additional indications for BRCA2-deficiency were found. Chromosomal aberrations that were specific for BRCA2-mutated tumors included loss on chromosome arm 13q and 14q, and gain on 17q. Since we could separate BRCA1-like, BRCA2-like, and sporadic-like tumors, using our current BRCA2- and previous BRCA1-classifier, this method of breast tumor classification could be applied as additional test for current diagnostics to help clinicians in decision making and classifying sequence variants of unknown significance.

Published
2010

35. Common genetic variants and modification of penetrance of BRCA2-Associated breast cancer

Author

Mia M Gaudet, Tomas Kirchhoff, Todd Green, Joseph Vijai, Joshua M Korn, Candace Guiducci, Ayellet V Segrè, Kate McGee, Lesley McGuffog, Christiana Kartsonaki, Jonathan Morrison, Sue Healey, Olga M Sinilnikova, Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet, Sylvie Mazoyer, Marion Gauthier-Villars, Hagay Sobol, Michel Longy, Marc Frenay, GEMO Study Collaborators, Frans B L Hogervorst, Matti A Rookus, J Margriet Collée, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Kees E P van Roozendaal, HEBON Study Collaborators, Marion Piedmonte, Wendy Rubinstein, Stacy Nerenstone, Linda Van Le, Stephanie V Blank, Trinidad Caldés, Miguel de la Hoya, Heli Nevanlinna, Kristiina Aittomäki, Conxi Lazaro, Ignacio Blanco, Adalgeir Arason, Oskar T Johannsson, Rosa B Barkardottir, Peter Devilee, Olofunmilayo I Olopade, Susan L Neuhausen, Xianshu Wang, Zachary S Fredericksen, Paolo Peterlongo, Siranoush Manoukian, Monica Barile, Alessandra Viel, Paolo Radice, Catherine M Phelan, Steven Narod, Gad Rennert, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Anath Flugelman, Irene L Andrulis, Gord Glendon, Hilmi Ozcelik, OCGN, Amanda E Toland, Marco Montagna, Emma D'Andrea, Eitan Friedman, Yael Laitman, Ake Borg, Mary Beattie, Susan J Ramus, Susan M Domchek, Katherine L Nathanson, Tim Rebbeck, Amanda B Spurdle, Xiaoqing Chen, Helene Holland, kConFab, Esther M John, John L Hopper, Saundra S Buys, Mary B Daly, Melissa C Southey, Mary Beth Terry, Nadine Tung, Thomas V Overeem Hansen, Finn C Nielsen, Mark H Greene, Phuong L Mai, Ana Osorio, Mercedes Durán, Raquel Andres, Javier Benítez, Jeffrey N Weitzel, Judy Garber, Ute Hamann, EMBRACE, Susan Peock, Margaret Cook, Clare Oliver, Debra Frost, Radka Platte, D Gareth Evans, Fiona Lalloo, Ros Eeles, Louise Izatt, Lisa Walker, Jacqueline Eason, Julian Barwell, Andrew K Godwin, Rita K Schmutzler, Barbara Wappenschmidt, Stefanie Engert, Norbert Arnold, Dorothea Gadzicki, Michael Dean, Bert Gold, Robert J Klein, Fergus J Couch, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Douglas F Easton, Mark J Daly, Antonis C Antoniou, David M Altshuler, Kenneth Offit, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Korn, Joshua Marc, Korn, Joshua M., Green, Todd, Guiducci, Candace, Segre, Ayellet V., Daly, Mark J., Altshuler, David, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, Pediatric Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Genome-Scale Biology (GSB) Research Program, Human genetics, EMGO - Quality of care, MUMC+: DA KG Lab Centraal Lab (9), Klinische Genetica, Genetica & Celbiologie, RS: GROW - School for Oncology and Reproduction, and Universitat de Barcelona

Subjects
Cancer Research, Linkage disequilibrium, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20, Genome-wide association study, Penetrance, RECURRENT BRCA1, 312 Clinical medicine, QH426-470, PHENOTYPE, Linkage Disequilibrium, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Gene Frequency, Risk Factors, BRCA2 MUTATION CARRIERS, POPULATION, Genetics (clinical), Genetics and Genomics/Genetics of Disease, RISK, Genetics, Genetics and Genomics/Medical Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Genetics and Genomics/Functional Genomics, ASSOCIATION, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, Genetics and Genomics/Gene Function, SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Genetics and Genomics/Gene Discovery, Research Article, Adult, Heterozygote, education, BRCA2 MUTATION CARRIERS, SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES, RECURRENT BRCA1, RISK, POPULATION, MODEL, PREDISPOSITION, ASSOCIATION, PHENOTYPE, FREQUENCY, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, FREQUENCY, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, Càncer de mama, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2, Genetics and Genomics/Genomics, Molecular Biology, Allele frequency, Genetics and Genomics/Cancer Genetics, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, BRCA2 Protein, brca2 mutation carriers susceptibility genes recurrent brca1 risk population model predisposition association phenotype frequency, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10, Haplotype, Genetics and Genomics, medicine.disease, PREDISPOSITION, MODEL, Minor allele frequency, Haplotypes, Cancer and Oncology, Mutation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factors
Abstract

The considerable uncertainty regarding cancer risks associated with inherited mutations of BRCA2 is due to unknown factors.1 To investigate whether common genetic variants modify penetrance for BRCA2 mutation carriers, we undertook a two-staged genome-wide association study in BRCA2 mutation carriers. In stage 1 using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform, 592,163 filtered SNPs genotyped were available on 899 young (, National Breast Cancer Foundation (U.S.), Starr Cancer Consortium, National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NCI: P20CA103694-3 ), Lymphoma Foundation

Published
2010
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36. A simple method for co-segregation analysis to evaluate the pathogenicity of unclassified variants; BRCA1 and BRCA2 as an example

Author

Johan J.P. Gille, Maaike P.G. Vreeswijk, Encarna B. Gomez Garcia, Margreet G. E. M. Ausems, Senno Verhoef, Marinus J. Blok, Rob B. van der Luijt, Hans C. van Houwelingen, Quinta Helmer, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg, Charlotte J. Dommering, Christi J. van Asperen, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Annemarie H. van der Hout, Leila Mohammadi, Juul T. Wijnen, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Peter Devilee, Theo A. M. van Os, Human genetics, CCA - Oncogenesis, Human Genetics, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, and Faculteit der Geneeskunde

Subjects
Cancer Research, GENES, Cosegregation, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6], Genetic counseling, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Breast Neoplasms, Disease, CAUSALITY, Biology, DNA-SEQUENCE VARIANTS, lcsh:RC254-282, BREAST, CLASSIFICATION, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], CANCER-SUSCEPTIBILITY, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Genotype, Genetics, Humans, Clinical significance, Family Health, Ovarian Neoplasms, Likelihood Functions, Models, Statistical, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], MUTATIONS, Gene Expression Profiling, UNKNOWN CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE, Genetic Variation, MISSENSE VARIANTS, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Causality, Penetrance, Pedigree, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, MODEL, Phenotype, Oncology, Female, Age of onset, Algorithms, Research Article
Abstract

Background Assessment of the clinical significance of unclassified variants (UVs) identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 is very important for genetic counselling. The analysis of co-segregation of the variant with the disease in families is a powerful tool for the classification of these variants. Statistical methods have been described in literature but these methods are not always easy to apply in a diagnostic setting. Methods We have developed an easy to use method which calculates the likelihood ratio (LR) of an UV being deleterious, with penetrance as a function of age of onset, thereby avoiding the use of liability classes. The application of this algorithm is publicly available http://www.msbi.nl/cosegregation. It can easily be used in a diagnostic setting since it requires only information on gender, genotype, present age and/or age of onset for breast and/or ovarian cancer. Results We have used the algorithm to calculate the likelihood ratio in favour of causality for 3 UVs in BRCA1 (p.M18T, p.S1655F and p.R1699Q) and 5 in BRCA2 (p.E462G p.Y2660D, p.R2784Q, p.R3052W and p.R3052Q). Likelihood ratios varied from 0.097 (BRCA2, p.E462G) to 230.69 (BRCA2, p.Y2660D). Typing distantly related individuals with extreme phenotypes (i.e. very early onset cancer or old healthy individuals) are most informative and give the strongest likelihood ratios for or against causality. Conclusion Although co-segregation analysis on itself is in most cases insufficient to prove pathogenicity of an UV, this method simplifies the use of co-segregation as one of the key features in a multifactorial approach considerably.

Published
2009
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37. No evidence that GATA3 rs570613 SNP modifies breast cancer risk

Author

Vernon S. Pankratz, Per Hall, Robert F. Tarrell, Daphne Gschwantler-Kaulich, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Fiona Douglas, Olga M. Sinilnikova, Melissa C. Southey, Noralane M. Lindor, Kirsimari Aaltonen, Graham G. Giles, Carol Chu, Marinus J. Blok, Rob B. van der Luijt, Radka Platte, Andrew K. Godwin, Rosalind A. Eeles, Jonathan Beesley, Anneliese Fink-Retter, Claudine Issacs, Jianjun Liu, Heli Nevanlinna, Antonis C. Antoniou, Christina Justenhoven, Zachary S. Fredericksen, Xiaoqing Chen, Sue Healey, Fiona Lalloo, Tuomas Heikkinen, Carl Blomqvist, Sharon E. Johnatty, D. Gareth Evans, Gabriella Pichert, Trevor Cole, Joan Paterson, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg, Hans J. J. P. Gille, Maaike P.G. Vreeswijk, Katherine L. Nathanson, Hiltrud Brauch, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Margaret Cook, Kristiina Aittomäki, Rosemarie Davidson, Lesley McGuffog, Yon Ko, Amanda B. Spurdle, Maria A. Caligo, Christian F. Singer, Susan M. Domchek, Theo A. M. van Os, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Matti A. Rookus, Susan Peock, Christine Fuerhauser, Jackie Cook, Kamila Czene, Caroline Seynaeve, John L. Hopper, Diana Eccles, Shirley Hodgson, Juul T. Wijnen, Douglas F. Easton, Medical Oncology, Neurology, Human genetics, CCA - Oncogenesis, and Human Genetics

Subjects
Cancer Research, Genotype, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Estrogen receptor, Breast Neoplasms, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, GATA3 Transcription Factor, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Linkage Disequilibrium, Article, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], Cancer, medicine.disease, Oncology, Mutation, Cancer research, Female, Breast disease, Mammary gland morphogenesis
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 81267.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a transcription factor that is crucial to mammary gland morphogenesis and differentiation of progenitor cells, and has been suggested to have a tumor suppressor function. The rs570613 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 4 of GATA3 was previously found to be associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk in the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility project and in pooled analysis of two case-control studies from Norway and Poland (P (trend) = 0.004), with some evidence for a stronger association with estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumours [Garcia-Closas M et al. (2007) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:2269-2275]. We genotyped GATA3 rs570613 in 6,388 cases and 4,995 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) and 5,617 BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA). We found no association between this SNP and breast cancer risk in BCAC cases overall (OR(per-allele) = 1.00, 95% CI 0.94-1.05), in ER negative BCAC cases (OR(per-allele) = 1.02, 95% CI 0.91-1.13), in BRCA1 mutation carriers RR(per-allele) = 0.99, 95% CI 0.90-1.09) or BRCA2 mutation carriers (RR(per-allele) = 0.93, 95% CI 0.80-1.07). We conclude that there is no evidence that either GATA3 rs570613, or any variant in strong linkage disequilibrium with it, is associated with breast cancer risk in women.

Published
2009
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38. Prediction of BRCA1-association in hereditary non-BRCA1/2 breast carcinomas with array-CGH

Author

Hugo M. Horlings, Johannes L. Peterse, Priscilla Axwijk, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Ivon H. G. Tielen, Senno Verhoef, Simon A. Joosse, Erik H. van Beers, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Petra M. Nederlof, Lodewyk F. A. Wessels, and Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg

Subjects
Oncology, Adult, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Tumor suppressor gene, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6], endocrine system diseases, Genetic counseling, Loss of Heterozygosity, Breast Neoplasms, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, Predictive Value of Tests, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Internal medicine, Biomarkers, Tumor, Medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, skin and connective tissue diseases, Germ-Line Mutation, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Chromosome Aberrations, 0303 health sciences, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], business.industry, BRCA1 Protein, Cancer, DNA, Neoplasm, DNA Methylation, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Breast disease, business, Ovarian cancer, Breast carcinoma, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 80533.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: While new defects in BRCA1 are still being found, it is unclear whether current breast cancer diagnostics misses many BRCA1-associated cases. A reliable test that is able to indicate the involvement of BRCA1 deficiency in cancer genesis could support decision making in genetic counselling and clinical management. To find BRCA1-specific markers and explore the effectiveness of the current diagnostic strategy, we designed a classification method, validated it and examined whether we could find BRCA1-like breast tumours in a group of patients initially diagnosed as non-BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. METHODS: A classifier was built based on array-CGH profiles of 18 BRCA1-related and 32 control breast tumours, and validated on independent sets of 16 BRCA1-related and 16 control breast carcinomas. Subsequently, we applied the classifier to 48 breast tumours of patients from Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) families in whom no germ line BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations were identified. RESULTS: The classifier showed an accuracy of 91% when applied to the validation sets. In 48 non-BRCA1/2 patients, only two breast tumours presented a BRCA1-like CGH profile. Additional evidence for BRCA1 dysfunction was found in one of these tumours. CONCLUSION: We here describe the specific chromosomal aberrations in BRCA1-related breast carcinomas. We developed a predictive genetic test for BRCA1-association and show that BRCA1-related tumours can still be identified in HBOC families after routine DNA diagnostics.

Published
2009

39. A DGGE system for comprehensive mutation screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2: application in a Dutch cancer clinic setting

Author

Robert M.W. Hofstra, Inge M. Mulder, Hennie T. Brüggenwirth, Neeltje Arts, Joan N.R. Kromosoeto, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, S. Verhoef, Hans J. J. P. Gille, Danielle Bodmer, Thyrsa Vriesman, Annelies M. ten Berge, Rob B. van der Luijt, Margreet G. E. M. Ausems, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Annemarie H. van der Hout, Maarten T. Huisman, Rumo P.M. Jansen, Patrick H.A. van Zon, Majella Boutmy-de Lange, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Jan C. Oosterwijk, Peter Elfferich, Marjolijn J. L. Ligtenberg, Yvonne J. Vos, Pieter van der Vlies, Dicky J. J. Halley, Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Human Genetics, Human genetics, CCA - Cancer biology and immunology, CCA - Cancer Treatment and quality of life, Epidemiology and Data Science, Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC other, and Internal Medicine

Subjects
EARLY-ONSET BREAST, MISSENSE MUTATIONS, HEREDITARY BREAST, Male, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6], endocrine system diseases, DNA Mutational Analysis, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Missense mutation, DGGE, skin and connective tissue diseases, Genetics (clinical), Molecular diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring [UMCN 1.2], Netherlands, Genetics, Ovarian Neoplasms, MESSENGER-RNA DECAY, GERMLINE MUTATIONS, Amplicon, Founder Effect, ovarian cancer, Growth and differentiation [NCMLS 3], BREAST/OVARIAN CANCER, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Female, Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, OVARIAN-CANCER, Frameshift mutation, Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3], Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1], PROTEIN TRUNCATION TEST, BRCA 1, Germline mutation, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS, Humans, Genetic Testing, Gene, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], mutation screening, BRCA2, BRCA1/BRCA2 MUTATIONS, Founder effect
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 51002.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Rapid and reliable identification of deleterious changes in the breast cancer genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 has become one of the major issues in most DNA services laboratories. To rapidly detect all possible changes within the coding and splice site determining sequences of the breast cancer genes, we established a semiautomated denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) mutation scanning system. All exons of both genes are covered by the DGGE scan, comprising 120 amplicons. We use a semiautomated approach, amplifying all individual amplicons with the same PCR program, after which the amplicons are pooled. DGGE is performed using three slightly different gel conditions. Validation was performed using DNA samples with known sequence variants in 107 of the 120 amplicons; all variants were detected. This DGGE mutation scanning, in combination with a PCR test for two Dutch founder deletions in BRCA1 was then applied in 431 families in which 52 deleterious changes and 70 unclassified variants were found. Fifteen unclassified variants were not reported before. The system was easily adopted by five other laboratories, where in another 3,593 families both exons 11 were analyzed by the protein truncation test (PTT) and the remaining exons by DGGE. In total, a deleterious change (nonsense, frameshift, splice-site mutation, or large deletion) was found in 661 families (16.4%), 462 in BRCA1 (11.5%), 197 in BRCA2 (4.9%), and in two index cases a deleterious change in both BRCA1 and BRCA2 was identified. Eleven deleterious changes in BRCA1 and 36 in BRCA2 had not been reported before. In conclusion, this DGGE mutation screening method for BRCA1 and BRCA2 is proven to be highly sensitive and is easy to adopt, which makes screening of large numbers of patients feasible. The results of screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in more than 4,000 families present a valuable overview of mutations in the Dutch population.

Published
2006
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40. The frequent BRCA1 mutation 1135insA has multiple origins: a haplotype study in different populations

Author

Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Nancy Hamel, Maria Galvez, Johan J.P. Gille, Teresa M. Rudkin, William D. Foulkes, Jaran Apold, Pål Møller, and Human genetics

Subjects
Canada, lcsh:Internal medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:QH426-470, Denmark, Genes, BRCA1, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetics(clinical), lcsh:RC31-1245, Founder mutation, Genetics (clinical), Brca1 gene, Family Health, Ovarian Neoplasms, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular epidemiology, Norway, Haplotype, Cytogenetics, Founder Effect, Human genetics, lcsh:Genetics, Haplotypes, Italy, Mutation, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Female, Research Article, Founder effect
Abstract

Background Analysis of the chromosomal background upon which a mutation occurs can be used to reconstruct the origins of specific disease-causing mutations. The relatively common BRCA1 mutation, 1135insA, has been previously identified as a Norwegian founder mutation. We performed haplotype analysis of individuals from breast and ovarian cancer families from four different ethnic backgrounds who had been identified as carriers of the BRCA1: 1135insA mutation. Methods Four microsatellite markers (D17S855, D17S1322, D17S1323 and D17S1325) located within or near the BRCA1 gene were genotyped in mutation carriers from 6 families of French Canadian, Italian and Dutch descent. Haplotypes were inferred from the genotype data and compared between these families and with the previously reported Norwegian founder haplotype. Results The 1135insA mutation was found to occur on three distinct haplotype backgrounds. The families from Norway shared a distinct haplotype while the families of French Canadian, Italian, and Dutch descent were found to occur on one of two additional, distinct backgrounds. Conclusion Our results indicate that while the Norwegian haplotype including 1135insA represents an ancient Norwegian mutation, the same mutation has occurred independently in the other populations examined. In centres where targeted mutation testing is performed, exclusively or prior to gene sequencing, our findings suggest that this recurring mutation should be included in targeted mutation panels, irrespective of the ethnic origin of the persons tested.

Published
2006
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41. A multiplex PCR predictor for aCGH success of FFPE samples

Author

Senno Verhoef, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Petra M. Nederlof, E. H. van Beers, Simon A. Joosse, Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg, and Renske Fles

Subjects
Cancer Research, Multiple tumours, Tissue Fixation, FFPE archive, Breast Neoplasms, Computational biology, Biology, Bioinformatics, Polymerase Chain Reaction, law.invention, Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3], 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Translational research [ONCOL 3], law, Formaldehyde, Multiplex polymerase chain reaction, Humans, Paraffin embedding, Polymerase chain reaction, QC, Molecular diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring [UMCN 1.2], 030304 developmental biology, CGH, 0303 health sciences, Paraffin Embedding, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Genetics and Genomics, DNA, Neoplasm, Predictive factor, Molecular analysis, Oncology, Growth and differentiation [NCMLS 3], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Archival tissue, Female, breast tumour, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 50223.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue archives are the largest and longest time-spanning collections of patient material in pathology archives. Methods to disclose information with molecular techniques, such as array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) have rapidly developed but are still not optimal. Array comparative genomic hybridisation is one efficient method for finding tumour suppressors and oncogenes in solid tumours, and also for classification of tumours. The fastest way of analysing large numbers of tumours is through the use of archival tissue samples with first, the huge advantage of larger median follow-up time of patients studied and second, the advantage of being able to locate and analyse multiple tumours, even across generations, from related individuals (families). Unfortunately, DNA from archival tissues is not always suitable for molecular analysis due to insufficient quality. Until now, this quality remained undefined. We report the optimisation of a genomic-DNA isolation procedure from FFPE pathology archives in combination with a subsequent multiplex PCR-based quality-control that simply identified all samples refractory to further DNA-based analyses.

Published
2005

42. Comparative genomic hybridization profiles in human BRCA1 and BRCA2 breast tumors highlight differential sets of genomic aberrations

Author

Erik H, van Beers, Tibor, van Welsem, Lodewyk F A, Wessels, Yunlei, Li, Rogier A, Oldenburg, Peter, Devilee, Cees J, Cornelisse, Senno, Verhoef, Frans B L, Hogervorst, Laura J, van't Veer, and Petra M, Nederlof

Subjects
Chromosome Aberrations, Genome, Human, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Humans, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Breast Neoplasms, Germ-Line Mutation
Abstract

BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutations cause approximately 30% of breast cancers within high-risk families. This represents 5% of total breast cancer incidence. Although BRCA1 and BRCA2 are both implicated in DNA repair and genome stability, it is unknown whether BRCA1 and BRCA2 are associated with similar or distinct diseases. In a previous study we reported that BRCA1-related breast carcinomas show a distinct genomic profile as determined by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH). We now hypothesize that, if functionally equivalent, mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 would result in similar genomic profiles in tumors. Here we report the chromosomal gains and losses as measured by CGH in 25 BRCA2-associated breast tumors and compared them with our existing 36 BRCA1 and 30 control profiles. We compared all chromosomal regions and determined the regions of differential gain or loss between tumor classes and controls. BRCA2 and control tumors have very similar genomic profiles. As a consequence, and in contrast to BRCA1-associated tumors, CGH profiles from BRCA2-associated tumors could not be distinguished from control tumors using the classification methodology as we have developed before. The largest number of significant differences existed between BRCA1 and controls, followed by BRCA1 compared with BRCA2, suggesting different tumor development pathways for BRCA1 and BRCA2.

Published
2005

43. Large genomic deletions and duplications in the BRCA1 gene identified by a novel quantitative method

Author

Frans B L, Hogervorst, Petra M, Nederlof, Johan J P, Gille, Cathal J, McElgunn, Maartje, Grippeling, Roelof, Pruntel, Rein, Regnerus, Tibor, van Welsem, Resie, van Spaendonk, Fred H, Menko, Irma, Kluijt, Charlotte, Dommering, Senno, Verhoef, Jan P, Schouten, Laura J, van't Veer, and Gerard, Pals

Subjects
Ovarian Neoplasms, Blotting, Southern, DNA Mutational Analysis, Genes, BRCA1, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Exons, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Deletion
Abstract

We applied a novel method to detect single or multiple exon deletions and amplifications in the BRCA1 gene. The test, called multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), uses probes designed to hybridize adjacently to the target sequence. After ligation, the joined probes are amplified and quantified. Our two diagnostic laboratories have tested in the recent years 805 families by conventional PCR-based techniques, and found 116 BRCA1 and 28 BRCA2 mutation-positive families. Using MLPA, we have tested the remaining 661 noninformative breast cancer families and identified five distinct BRCA1 germ-line mutations in five families: a deletion of exon 8, a deletion of exons 20-22, a duplication of exon 13 and exons 21-23, respectively, and a triplication, encompassing exons 17-19. Genomic deletions of BRCA1 constitute a substantial fraction of mutations in Dutch breast cancer families. If MLPA had been included in our initial BRCA1 testing, 33 families with a deletion or duplication would have been identified, representing 27% of the total 121 BRCA1 mutation-positive families. The MLPA test for BRCA1 ensures a sensitive and comprehensive high-throughput screening test for genomic rearrangement and can easily be implemented in the molecular analysis of BRCA1.

Published
2003

44. Characteristics of small breast and/or ovarian cancer families with germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2

Author

G. Wigbout, Edwin C. M. Mariman, L.J. van 't Veer, M.J.L. Ligtenberg, E H Hoefsloot, H W Willems, Matti A. Rookus, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, E.J.Th. Rutgers, E A J Bosgoed, Peer Arts, Han G. Brunner, Peter Devilee, P.M. Struycken, Fred H. Menko, Guido Brink, S. Hageman, E M A W Vos, and E Van der Looij

Subjects
Adult, Genetic Markers, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, DNA Mutational Analysis, Clinical description and delineation of genetic syndromes, Mammary gland, Genes, BRCA1, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, breast cancer, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Family, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, De rol van chromosoomafwijkingen en (anti-)oncogenen in humane tumoren, Tumor pathology, bilateral breast cancer, skin and connective tissue diseases, Klinische beschrijving en moleculaire definiëring van genetische syndromen, Germ-Line Mutation, BRCA2 Protein, Ovarian Neoplasms, Mutation, Cancer, Regular Article, Middle Aged, Tumor pathologie, BRCA1, medicine.disease, BRCA2, Neoplasm Proteins, ovarian cancer, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cancer research, Female, The role of chromosomal aberrations and (anti-)oncogenes in human tumours, Ovarian cancer, Transcription Factors
Abstract

For families with a small number of cases of breast and/or ovarian cancer, limited data are available to predict the likelihood of genetic predisposition due to mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. In 104 families with three or more affected individuals (average 3.8) seeking counselling at family cancer clinics, mutation analysis was performed in the open reading frame of BRCA1 and BRCA2 by the protein truncation test and mutation-specific assays. In 31 of the 104 families tested, mutations were detected (30%). The majority of these mutations (25) occurred in BRCA1. Mutations were detected in 15 out of 25 families (60%) with both breast and ovarian cancer and in 16 out of 79 families (20%) with exclusively cases of breast cancer. Thus, an ovarian cancer case strongly predicted finding a mutation (P < 0.001). Within the group of small breast-cancer-only families, a bilateral breast cancer case or a unilateral breast cancer case diagnosed before age 40 independently predicted finding a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation (P = 0.005 and P = 0.02, respectively). Therefore, even small breast/ovarian cancer families with at least one case of ovarian cancer, bilateral breast cancer, or a case of breast cancer diagnosed before age 40, should be referred for mutation screening. © 1999 Cancer Research Campaign

Published
1999

45. Genome-wide association analysis identifies three new breast cancer susceptibility loci

Author

William J. Tapper, Frederik Marmé, Natalia Bogdanova, Joe Dennis, Pei-Ei Wu, Vesa Kataja, Michael Jones, Dong-Young Noh, Xiaoqing Chen, Thilo Dörk, Javier Benitez, Arif B. Ekici, André G. Uitterlinden, Karin Leunen, Chen-Yang Shen, Esther M. John, Sune F. Nielsen, Adam M. Lee, Arto Mannermaa, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Diana Eccles, Don M. Conroy, Quinten Waisfisz, Sara Margolin, Hoda Anton-Culver, Peter Devilee, Ans M.W. van den Ouweland, Ruth Swann, Chia-Ni Hsiung, Peter Schürmann, Per Hall, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Jonathan Beesley, Graham G. Giles, Qin Wang, Mitul Shah, Matthias W. Beckmann, Veli-Matti Kosma, Carmel Apicella, Henrik Flyger, Daniel F. Schmidt, Gianluca Severi, Kristen N. Stevens, Paolo Peterlongo, Helen Tsimiklis, Betül T. Yesilyurt, Irene L. Andrulis, Louiza S. Velentzis, Peter A. Fasching, Jyh-Cherng Yu, Caroline Baynes, Jenny Chang-Claude, Craig Luccarini, Leslie Bernstein, Katarzyna Durda, Antoinette Hollestelle, Catriona McLean, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Rebecca Hein, Heli Nevanlinna, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Jolanta Lissowska, Rita K. Schmutzler, Giuseppe Floris, Christa Stegmaier, David J. Hunter, Kristiina Aittomäki, Johann H. Karstens, Alan Ashworth, Alfons Meindl, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Stefan Nickels, Julian Peto, Jan Lubinski, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Ed Dicks, Stig E. Bojesen, Christie J. van Asperen, Malcolm W.R. Reed, Michael J. Kerin, Annika Lindblom, Barbara Burwinkel, Kristy Driver, Darya Prokofieva, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Thomas Brüning, Christina Justenhoven, Nazneen Rahman, Annegien Broeks, Hermann Brenner, Hiltrud Brauch, Laura Baglietto, Yuri I. Rogov, Clare Turnbull, A Jakubowska, Marina Bermisheva, Heiko Müller, Hanne Meijers-Heijboer, Anne-Lise Børrensen-Dale, Pascal Guénel, Stephen J. Chanock, Siranoush Manoukian, Melissa C. Southey, Daniel J. Park, M. Rosario Alonso, Christof Sohn, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Melanie Maranian, Shahana Ahmed, Jonine D. Figueroa, Robert Winqvist, Jianjun Liu, Suthee Rattanamongkongul, Diether Lambrechts, Andreas Schneeweiss, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Alexander Miron, Ursula Eilber, Angela Cox, Anna González-Neira, Minh Bui, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Peter Hillemanns, Peter Lichtner, Maartje J. Hooning, Roger L. Milne, Alison M. Dunning, Fernando Rivadeneira, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Volker Arndt, Rogier A. Oldenburg, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnæs, Senno Verhoef, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Anna Marie Mulligan, Kenneth Muir, Christina Clarke Dur, Katarzyna Jaworska, Saila Kauppila, Olivia Fletcher, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Michael P. Lux, Kyriaki Michailidou, Stefano Fortuzzi, Douglas F. Easton, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Elza Khusnutdinova, Annie Perkins, Carl Blomqvist, Argyrios Ziogas, Keun-Young Yoo, Caroline Seynaeve, Natalia Antonenkova, Bruce A.J. Ponder, Vessela N. Kristensen, Gord Glendon, Daehee Kang, Elinor J. Sawyer, Michael Bremer, Louise A. Brinton, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Kamila Czene, Isabel dos Santos Silva, John L. Hopper, Astrid K. Irwanto, Nick Orr, S Gerty, Fergus J. Couch, Arkom Chaiwerawattana, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Maya Ghoussaini, Nikki Graham, Artitaya Lophatananon, Florence Menegaux, Enes Makalic, Katri Pylkäs, Nichola Johnson, Xianshu Wang, Bernardo Bonanni, Mark Lathrop, Human genetics, CCA - Oncogenesis, Clinical Genetics, Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology, CCA -Cancer Center Amsterdam, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, and Human Genetics

Subjects
Candidate gene, Chromosomes,Human,Pair 21, analysis, cell carcinoma, Mammary gland, Estrogen receptor, Genome-wide association study, developmental regulatory molecule, 0302 clinical medicine, common variants, retinoic acid, Pair 12, genetics, hormone-related protein, Genetics, Chromosomes,Human,Pair 12, Treatment - Localised Therapies – Discovery and Development, Principal Component Analysis, 0303 health sciences, Bone metastasis, Single Nucleotide, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, epidemiology, Cancer Type - Breast Cancer, Female, Human, Risk, ulnar-mammary syndrome, parathyroid-hormone, European Continental Ancestry Group, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Chromosomes, Polymorphism,Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Translational research [ONCOL 3], Genetic predisposition, medicine, cancer, Humans, Women, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease Translational research [NCMLS 6], breast, 030304 developmental biology, Hereditary cancer and cancer-related syndromes [ONCOL 1], Cancer, confer susceptibility, medicine.disease, gene-expression, Logistic Models, negative-feedback, Genetic Loci, Cancer research, Other, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Pair 21, Meta-Analysis
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. To date, 22 common breast cancer susceptibility loci have been identified accounting for approximately 8% of the heritability of the disease. We attempted to replicate 72 promising associations from two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in approximately 70,000 cases and approximately 68,000 controls from 41 case-control studies and 9 breast cancer GWAS. We identified three new breast cancer risk loci at 12p11 (rs10771399; P = 2.7 x 10(-35)), 12q24 (rs1292011; P = 4.3 x 10(-19)) and 21q21 (rs2823093; P = 1.1 x 10(-12)). rs10771399 was associated with similar relative risks for both estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive breast cancer, whereas the other two loci were associated only with ER-positive disease. Two of the loci lie in regions that contain strong plausible candidate genes: PTHLH (12p11) has a crucial role in mammary gland development and the establishment of bone metastasis in breast cancer, and NRIP1 (21q21) encodes an ER cofactor and has a role in the regulation of breast cancer cell growth.

Published
2012
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46. Comparison of 6q25 Breast Cancer Hits from Asian and European Genome Wide Association Studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC)

Author

Malcolm W.R. Reed, Artitaya Lophatananon, M. Pilar Zamora, Chen-Yang Shen, Monica Barile, Suleeporn Sangrajrang, Nichola Johnson, James McKay, Ming-Feng Hou, Diether Lambrechts, Isabel dos Santos Silva, Paolo Radice, Thilo Dörk, Janet E. Olson, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnæs, Katarzyna Durda, Angela Cox, Javier Benitez, Maartje J. Hooning, Douglas F. Easton, Volker Arndt, Hui Zhao, Nick Orr, Heli Nevanlinna, Leslie Bernstein, Jose Ignacio Arias Perez, Hoda Anton-Culver, Nicola Miller, Jolanta Lissowska, Natalia Bogdanova, Frans B. L. Hogervorst, Manjeet K. Humphreys, Johann H. Karstens, Alfons Meindl, Veli-Matti Kosma, Mark E. Sherman, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Pascal Guénel, Zachary S. Fredericksen, Alison M. Dunning, Kenneth Offit, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Katarzyna Jaworska, Yon Ko, Heiko Müller, Jyh Cherng Yu, Melissa C. Southey, Paul Brennan, Kenneth Muir, Maya Ghoussaini, Laura Baglietto, Antonis C. Antoniou, Sheila Seal, Robert Winqvist, Siranoush Manoukian, Peter Schürmann, Anne Lise Børresen-Dale, Rita K. Schmutzler, Julian Peto, Linda J. Titus, Ian W. Brock, Valerie Gaborieau, Miroslaw K. Kapuscinski, Iosif V. Zalutsky, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Peter A. Fasching, Elza Khusnutdinova, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Jianjun Liu, Barbara Burwinkel, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Suthee Rattanamongkongul, Florence Menegaux, Hermann Brenner, Mervi Grip, Michael J. Kerin, Rebecca Hein, Simon S. Cross, Mia M. Gaudet, Anna Jakubowska, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Alexander Miron, Keun-Young Yoo, Katri Pylkäs, Huan Ming Hsu, Per Hall, Christa Stegmaier, Patrick Neven, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquit, Dieter Flesch-Janys, Sara Margolin, Jonine D. Figueroa, Natalia Antonenkova, Peter Hillemanns, Elżbieta Złowocka, Matthias W. Beckmann, Julia A. Knight, Alan Ashworth, Catriona McLean, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Mark E. Robson, Arto Mannermaa, Roger L. Milne, Dong Young Noh, Nazneen Rahman, Hiltrud Brauch, Carl Blomqvist, Darya Prokovieva, Vesa Kataja, Kristiina Aittomäki, Annegien Broeks, Keith Humpreys, Marina Bermisheva, Sarah Schott, Ian Tomlinson, Thérèse Truong, Anna Marie Mulligan, Irene L. Andrulis, Christof Sohn, Olivia Fletcher, Gord Glendon, Annika Lindblom, Graham G. Giles, Kamila Czene, Xiaoqing Chen, Esther M. John, Claus R. Bartram, John L. Hopper, Fergus J. Couch, Kathleen M. Egan, Ute Hamann, Stig E. Bojesen, Vessela N. Kristensen, Tuomas Heikkinen, Clare Turnbull, Alexander Hein, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Stefan Nickels, Daehee Kang, Arif B. Ekici, Frederick Marmee, Elinor J. Sawyer, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Jenny Chang-Claude, Argyrios Ziogas, Caroline Seynaeve, Joseph Vijai, Anthony Renwick, Jonathan Beesley, Paolo Peterlongo, Jonathan J. Morrison, Henrik Flyger, Andreas Schneeweiss, John W.M. Martens, Xianshu Wang, Puttisak Puttawibul, Christina A. Clarke, Daniel J. Park, Shan Wang-Gohrke, Melanie Maranian, Shahana Ahmed, Polly A. Newcomb, Hans Wildiers, Amy Trentham-Dietz, Albina Farahtdinova, Gianluca Severi, Margriet Collée, Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research Program, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Clinicum, Department of Oncology, and Genome-Scale Biology (GSB) Research Program

Subjects
Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Oncology, Linkage disequilibrium, Epidemiology, susceptibility locus, Estrogen receptor, Genome-wide association study, chinese, Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, Linkage Disequilibrium, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Receptors, SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Medicine (all), Cancer Risk Factors, Statistics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, WOMEN, Single Nucleotide, Genomics, 3. Good health, Europe, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Receptors, Estrogen, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Genetic Epidemiology, Medicine, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female, Pair 6, women, Cancer Epidemiology, Human, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Asia, Breast Neoplasms, Haplotypes, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Science, education, Genetic Causes of Cancer, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Biostatistics, Chromosomes, RC0254, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genome Analysis Tools, Internal medicine, Breast Cancer, medicine, Genome-Wide Association Studies, Genetics, Cancer Genetics, SNP, Polymorphism, Biology, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, business.industry, Haplotype, Computational Biology, Human Genetics, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Estrogen, Genetics of Disease, 3111 Biomedicine, business, CHINESE, Mathematics
Abstract

The 6q25.1 locus was first identified via a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Chinese women and marked by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210, approximately 180 Kb upstream of ESR1. There have been conflicting reports about the association of this locus with breast cancer in Europeans, and a GWAS in Europeans identified a different SNP, tagged here by rs12662670. We examined the associations of both SNPs in up to 61,689 cases and 58,822 controls from forty-four studies collaborating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, of which four studies were of Asian and 39 of European descent. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Case-only analyses were used to compare SNP effects in Estrogen Receptor positive (ER+) versus negative (ER-) tumours. Models including both SNPs were fitted to investigate whether the SNP effects were independent. Both SNPs are significantly associated with breast cancer risk in both ethnic groups. Per-allele ORs are higher in Asian than in European studies [rs2046210: OR (A/G) = 1.36 (95% CI 1.26-1.48), p = 7.6×10(-14) in Asians and 1.09 (95% CI 1.07-1.11), p = 6.8×10(-18) in Europeans. rs12662670: OR (G/T) = 1.29 (95% CI 1.19-1.41), p = 1.2×10(-9) in Asians and 1.12 (95% CI 1.08-1.17), p = 3.8×10(-9) in Europeans]. SNP rs2046210 is associated with a significantly greater risk of ER- than ER+ tumours in Europeans [OR (ER-) = 1.20 (95% CI 1.15-1.25), p = 1.8×10(-17) versus OR (ER+) = 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.1), p = 1.3×10(-7), p(heterogeneity) = 5.1×10(-6)]. In these Asian studies, by contrast, there is no clear evidence of a differential association by tumour receptor status. Each SNP is associated with risk after adjustment for the other SNP. These results suggest the presence of two variants at 6q25.1 each independently associated with breast cancer risk in Asians and in Europeans. Of these two, the one tagged by rs2046210 is associated with a greater risk of ER- tumours. ispartof: PLoS One vol:7 issue:8 ispartof: location:United States status: published

Published
2012
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47. Identification of women with an increased risk of developing radiation-induced breast cancer: a case only study

Author

Annegien Broeks, Laura van 't Veer, Linde M. Braaf, Angelina Huseinovic, Anke Nooijen, Jos Urbanus, Flora E. van Leeuwen, Jan G. M. Klijn, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Nicola S. Russell, and Frans B. L. Hogervorst

Subjects
Oncology, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, DNA Repair, medicine.medical_treatment, Genes, BRCA2, Genes, BRCA1, Cell Cycle Proteins, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Germline, Functional Laterality, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cancer, Medicine(all), Sex Characteristics, Middle Aged, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, DNA-Binding Proteins, Editorial, Risk factors for breast cancer, Female, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Breast cancer, Germline mutation, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, Breast Cancer, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Testing, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Radionuclide Imaging, CHEK2, Germ-Line Mutation, Radiotherapy, Prevention, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Odds ratio, BRCA1, medicine.disease, BRCA2, Radiation therapy, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Radiation-Induced, Genes, DNA Damage
Abstract

Introduction Radiation exposure at a young age is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. Germline mutations in genes involved in the DNA-damage repair pathway (DDRP) may render women more susceptible to radiation-induced breast cancer. Methods We evaluated the contribution of germline mutations in the DDRP genes BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2 and ATM to the risk of radiation-induced contralateral breast cancer (CBC). The germline mutation frequency was assessed, in a case-only study, in women who developed a CBC after they had a first breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years, and who were (n = 169) or were not (n = 78) treated with radiotherapy for their first breast tumour. Results We identified 27 BRCA1, 5 BRCA2, 15 CHEK2 and 4 truncating ATM germline mutation carriers among all CBC patients tested (21%). The mutation frequency was 24.3% among CBC patients with a history of radiotherapy, and 12.8% among patients not irradiated for the first breast tumour (odds ratio 2.18 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 4.62); p = 0.043). The association between DDRP germline mutation carriers and risk of radiation-induced CBC seemed to be strongest in women who developed their second primary breast tumour at least 5 years after radiotherapy. Those patients had an odds ratio of 2.51 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 6.10; p = 0.049) of developing radiation-induced breast cancer, in comparison with non-carriers. Conclusion This study shows that carriers of germline mutations in a DDRP gene have an increased risk of developing (contralateral) breast cancer after radiotherapy; that is, over and above the risk associated with their carrier status. The increased risk indicates that knowledge of germline status of these DDRP genes at the time of breast cancer diagnosis may have important implications for the choice of treatment.

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