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High school education is central to adolescent socialization and has important downstream consequences for adult life. However, scholars examining schooling's political effects have struggled to reconcile education's correlation with both more liberal social attitudes and greater income. To disentangle this relationship, I exploit a major school leaving age reform in Great Britain that caused almost half the population to remain at high school for at least an additional year. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, I find that each additional year of late high school increases the probability of voting Conservative in later life by 12 percentage points. A similar relationship holds when pooling all cohorts, suggesting that high school education is a key determinant of voting behavior and that the reform could have significantly altered electoral outcomes. I provide evidence suggesting that, by increasing an individual's income, education increases support for right-wing economic policies and, ultimately, the Conservative Party. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Were women agents of their own political emancipation or did politicians preemptively grant rights to them in a bid for electoral success? This article claims that both electoral politics and the ordinary strategies of women’s movements explain the timing of female suffrage. Drawing on archival evidence from the United Kingdom, I show how in an electoral environment where the incumbent Liberals saw disadvantage to reform, an enterprising group of Liberal suffragists formed a pact with the Labour party, trading economic resources for the party’s promise to push for suffrage reform. The Election Fighting Fund, as the pact was called, was key to securing women’s place in the 1918 Representation of the People Act. In raising the possibility that ordinary instead of revolutionary tactics proved key to voting rights reform, women emerge as an interesting new case for the study of democratization. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Agreement of Supreme Allied Command Atlantic (SACLANT) was an emotive public issue in Britain and became wrapped up in Party politics in a General Election year. In Opposition Winston Churchill used the SACLANT issue to attack the Attlee government, which had accepted the Atlantic Command. Once returned to power Churchill pursued SACLANT to a summit meeting with President Truman and afterwards claimed to have extracted significant concessions. Labour Party MPs dismissed these claims as mere face saving devices. This article investigates these contending claims. Ultimately it argues three things. Firstly, Churchill persecuted the Attlee government with SACLANT more successfully than he convinced the Americans of his views on how naval cooperation in the Atlantic ought to be conducted. Secondly, the concessions on SACLANT that Churchill laid before Parliament in 1952 were inflated in their significance. Finally, Churchill did obtain more important concessions/clarifications than critics allowed, this apparent contradiction being explained by the fact that these were private Anglo-American understandings that could not be publicly disclosed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses political parties, elections, and women politicians in Scotland and England from 1918 to 1939. Topics include the participation of women as candidates and Ministers of Parliament (MPs) in Scotland in comparison to those in England, the role of women in Scottish municipal governments, and the role of women in the rise of Great Britain's Labour Party.

The article discusses elections and electoral practices in Great Britain and Germany during the interwar period in comparative perspective. The author emphasizes the symbolic and ritualistic aspects of voting. Topics addressed in detail include the role of political traditions for shaping political culture, electoral laws and voting procedures in the two countries, and the problem of corrupt practices in elections and the importance of secret ballots. Differences in the style of election campaigns are also considered.

The article focuses on the evolution and future of the Labour Party, a British political party. Topics mentioned include the work of British politician Tony Benn, the media report on the crisis faced by the party in the 1980s, and how the Labour Party's leaders should reorganize the party and choose a new program.

The article focuses on the general election in Great Britain in 1997 which was won by the Labour Party led by Tony Blair. Topics mentioned include the crisis faced by the Conservative Party, the other main British political party, the Labour Party's campaign which focused on public philosophy, and the social changes it implies.

The article focuses on the political situation in Great Britain after the general election in 1974 during which the Labour Party won the most seats in the House of Commons. Topics mentioned include the unpredictability of the victory of the Labour Party of the Conservative Party, the country's need for a political coalition, and the report of the elections in the British journal "The Times."

The article discusses the British government under the Labour Party during the mid 1960s. An overview of the Labour Party's history from the early 20th century through the 1960s is provided. The role that the Labour Party politician Harold Wilson plays in regard to the Labour Party's electoral support is discussed. The relationship between the political philosophy of the British Conservative Party and the Labour Party, including in regard to socialism and their philosophy on the role that government should play in the economy, is also discussed.

The article discusses the power held by Great Britain's Parliament in regard to public expenditures and taxation during the 1960s. The role that the British Parliament plays in regard to the country's budget, including budget deficits and surpluses, is discussed. An overview of the several parliamentary committees involved in creating British economic policy, including the Select Committee on Economic Affairs, the Estimates Committee, the Standing Committee and the Plowden Committee, is provided.

The article discusses the British government's economic policy which is referred to mixed enterprise, or a mixed economy, as of October 1967. The role the British Labour Party, including its National Executive Committee, plays in creating mixed enterprises is discussed. The British government's policy towards industry, including its shares in the Anglo-Persian (later renamed the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company) creation of the Industrial Reorganisation Corporation to develop industry, is also discussed.

The article discusses the status of Great Britain's Liberal Party as of July 1962. An overview of putative lack of support that the Liberal Party receives from the middle class is provided. The support for the Conservative Party and the Labour Party in general elections, including the relationship between the identity of the working class and the political support received by the Labour Party and the relationship between the country's material prosperity and the support for the Conservative Party during the late 1950s, is discussed.

The article discusses the support in Great Britain for the Liberal Party from the 1920s through 1962, including the support that the party receives in British elections. The British political parties the Conservative Party (which is also referred to as the Tory party) and the Labour Party are discussed. An overview of British voters, including the role that religion plays in their political activity, middle-aged women's support for the Liberal Party and the putative of lack of support among white-collar workers for the Labour Party, is provided. The relationship between social class and politics is also discussed.

The article discusses the putatively minor political parties in Great Britain from the 1930s through July 1962, including the British Communist Party, the National Socialist Party, the Socialist Party of Great Britain (SPGB) and the Independent Labour Party (ILP). An overview the political persuasion of British political parties, including the left-wing Socialist Labour League, is provided. The role that anarchists play in British politics, including the Freedom Group of anarchists' collaboration with the ILP, is discussed. The support that minor parties of Great Britain garner in elections is also discussed. An overview of the role that pressure-groups play within British political parties is also provided.

The article discusses the middle class of Great Britain's putative discontent with the country's political parties, particularly with the British Labour Party, as of July 1962. An overview of the British middle class' political activity from 1947 through 1962, including the author's opinion that the middle class may support the British Conservative Party or the Liberal Party in Great Britain's 1962 General Elections, is provided. The economic aspects of the British middle class' political activity are discussed.

The article focuses on the political elections in Great Britain during the 1970s. Topics mentioned include the lack of quality of the political debate, the public opinion regarding this issue, and the government policy regarding education. The author also discusses the importance of the role played by the media.