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Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease characterized by permanent bronchial wall dilatation. Although it has been known as an orphan disease, it has recently gained attention because of registry-based studies and drug research. Aims: We aimed to use a multicenter database to analyze and compare data regarding the etiology, associated comorbidities, microbiological characteristics, and preventive strategies of bronchiectasis in Türkiye to those of other countries. Study Design: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Methods: The multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2019 and January 2022 using the Turkish Adult Bronchiectasis Database, in which 25 centers in Türkiye participated. Patients aged > 18 years who presented with respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea and were diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis using computed tomography were included in the study. Demographic information, etiologies, comorbidities, pulmonary functions, and microbiological, radiological, and clinical data were collected from the patients. Results: Of the 1,035 study participants, 518 (50%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 ± 16.1 years. The underlying etiology was detected in 565 (54.6%) patients. While postinfectious origin was the most common cause of bronchiectasis (39.5%), tuberculosis was identified in 11.3% of the patients. An additional comorbidity was detected in 688 (66.5%) patients. The most common comorbidity was cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis was identified in 19.5% of the patients. The most commonly detected microbiological agent was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.4%). Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were used in 70.1% of the patients, and the frequency of exacerbations in the last year was significantly higher in patients using ICS than in nonusers (p < 0.0001). Age [odds ratio (OR): 1.028; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005-1.051], cachexia (OR: 4.774; 95% CI: 2,054-11,097), high modified medical research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There are similarities in the symptoms and attacks of bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic systemic inflammation in COPD and destructive pulmonary inflammation in bronchiectasis lead to increases in inflammatory markers. The presence of peripheral blood eosinophil (PBE)(>2%) and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) affect the type of attack and the treatment approach. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in inflammatory markers and the presence of PBE in COPD and bronchiectasis. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed in 2014 with bronchiectasis (J47.0-ICD) or COPD (J44.0-J44.9-ICD) at the inpatient or outpatient clinics of a chest disease hospital was performed. Patients with cancer, hematological disease, renal disease, or COPD with bronchiectasis were excluded. Demographic details and the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were recorded, and the NLR was calculated. The study groups were then sub-classified according to PBE. Results: In all, 2664 patients (outpatient bronchiectasis: n=1024, outpatient COPD: 775; inpatient bronchiectasis: n=180, inpatient COPD n=685) were included. The NLR was significantly lower in the bronchiectasis group. The median CRP level was lower in those with bronchiectasis than in the COPD inpatient group. The PBE values in the bronchiectasis and COPD inpatient groups was 24% and 40%, respectively and 18% and 40% in outpatient groups, respectively. The NLR in patients with PBE was lower than that observed in noneosinophilic patients. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers were lower in patients with bronchiectasis than in those with COPD. Continuous anti-inflammatory treatment may be recommended for patients with COPD. NLR and PBE may be able to indicate the nature of advisable treatment in further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]