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Developed and developing countries have a lot of public transport networks and vehicles. This is the most important traffic key to consider. In particular, the restrictions imposed by the pandemic and the psychological factors left on people have made public transport even more important. In recent years, various micro-mobility applications have been seen in covering the last-mile distance in public transportation. Depending on the reason for the travel and the distance to be covered, the user can choose between scheduled and non-scheduled public transport services. The former are characterised by predefined timetables, routes and fares that cannot be changed either by the driver or at the request of the user. The latter are instead related to the square service or taxi service and garage service or Transportation Network Company (TNC) services. The development of electric vehicles (EV) is strongly influenced by consumer demand resulting from economic and environmental factors. The combination of EV and ridesharing also brings major benefits in terms of reduced traffic congestion, reduced environmental impact and in many cases also lower costs for the user. By incorporating e-buses into public transport fleets, a green public transport fleet can be achieved which can provide a step further towards sustainable transport system. In addition, in urban areas with low-speed limits, electric taxis can offer a faster, more efficient and cost-effective solution, as can small buses in the form of demand responsive transport (DRT) services. Unfortunately, there are still a number of problems limiting the development of all-electric transport services. This is the main reason for the spread of hybrid transport services rather than the experimentation of full electric vehicles (EVs) in the case of many non-scheduled services. Through a comparative overview of different case studies and strategies implemented by European and non-European countries, this research highlights the benefits and criticalities related to the integration of EVs and especially taxis in varying city sizes and lays the groundwork for future research steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of transport technologies and systems, taking into account individual and/or shared mobility systems, should involve not only the characteristics of the places where it develops, but also the characteristics of road users. The increase in transport supply makes it easier to achieve job opportunities and thus increases the potential for wealth. The development of different forms of mobility also offers better access to areas, such as education centers, and limits the disparity between road users of different age groups and gender. The presence of children and income characteristics are factors that can influence women's mobility choice such as using public transport, owned/shared micro mobility, or e-bikes. The study in this paper defines in a first phase some considerations on gender equality through describing some case studies from the South of the world. A questionnaire, including 1150 women over 18 years old in the use of the different modes of transport in the region of Sicily in southern Italy, was carried out. The results highlight the critical issues that often lead to different perceptions of safety on board or gender equality considering both the passenger's and the driver's point of view. The limits of the research are related to the analyzed sample. The work shows a first step of investigation aimed at future research actions to reduce gender inequalities, providing the basis for the definition of ad hoc strategies by local authorities and dedicated vouchers or fares by operators of transport services for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems is relatively recent in the Europe and is very fresh on Italy; however, several systems are operating and many more are being planned. A more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between land uses and BRT systems is needed, particularly in comparison to other fixed-guideway modes such as heavy and light rail. While recognizing that existing land uses have an important and complex influence on the development costs and benefits of fixed-guideway projects, this research is focused on the impacts that BRT projects have on surrounding property values. This research seeks the impact of BRT system on urban area where is a road intersection at grade such as turbo roundabout. The results are linked to before and after application of BRT in terms of microsimulation comparison results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today Public transport is growing not only in terms of high passenger capacity but also considering high efficiency and it has become one of the preferred alternatives to automobile travel. This is evident, as for example, in the case of airport terminal working and management. The same could be for Bus Transport station considering roadway. As a result, many railway stations experience high levels of pedestrian congestion especially during the morning and afternoon peak periods. Traditional design and evaluation procedures for pedestrian transit facilities aim to maintain a desirable Pedestrian Level-Of-Service (PLOS) for the individual pedestrian areas or sub precincts. More in general, transit facilities and their sub-precincts interact with one another so that pedestrian circulation might be better assessed from a broader systems perspective. Microsimulation packages that can model pedestrians (e.g. VISSIM-VISWALK) can be employed to assess these interactions. This research outlines a procedure for the potential implementation of pedestrian flow analysis in a bus/rail transit station using micro-simulation. Base model data requirements are identified which include static (facility layout and locations of temporary equipment) and dynamic data (pedestrian demand and public transport services). Possible model calibration criteria would be also identified. A VISSIM micro-simulation base model would be developed for one of the main Airport terminal in Sicily (Italy) for investigating proposed station operational and infrastructure changes. This case study provided a good example for the potential implementation of micro-simulation models in the analysis of pedestrian circulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]