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The modern stage of shipbuilding industry development is characterized by an intense competition and the beginning of introduction of new materials and effective welding technologies, which change the appearance of this quite conservative field, at leading global shipbuilding enterprises. In particular, the application of laser technologies during ship construction decreases the cost of hull manufacturing by 30%, increases the production capacity by 10%, and reduces welding deformations by 30% compared to traditional welding methods. The application of composite materials for ship construction allows decreasing the ship weight by 10%, which leads to 1-7% decrease in fuel consumption, reduction of polluting emissions and significant saving of expenditures. Adhesion-bonded joints become more frequently used in shipbuilding, as they off er a possibility of joining different materials along with the advantages brought by the adhesion process itself, being reliable, cost-efficient and ensuring easy maintenance and repair.

The implementation of the aviation tasks, including the preparatory ones, is a difficult, complex task requiring from the aviation personnel a high level of general, technical, and specialist knowledge and a wide range of skills, appropriate to the type of technical tools and systems being at the disposal of the aviation personnel as well as the complexity and difficulty of their tasks. Particular importance is currently attached to the development of training devices used in the basic training and in-service training of the aviation personnel. The authors have referred to the role of simulators in achieving the desired level of specialist competence by flight personnel, including, among others, such issues as aircraft simulators development, and their application in the aviation training; aircraft simulators classification in accordance with current aviation regulations; essential functions performed by aviation simulators; flight simulator is an essential tool for basic and in-service training of the aviation personnel.

The theoretical part of this article presents knowledge of selected methods used to study the quality level of basic processes. Authors paid particular attention to the Servqual method, which shows the differences that exist between the perceived and delivered quality of services provided by enterprises and the TUL method. The research part will show the Servqual and TUL analysis based on the processes of the existing transport company. The article is based on well-known methodology of Servqual and TUL analysis, which was adjusted to observation of transport processes of logistics service provider. The main scientific goal of the paper was to examine the effectiveness of the methodology used on the example of a transport company and comparison of methods utility. The improvement of the transport process will increase the level of customer satisfaction, and this is the first step to increase the number of transport orders received.

The analysis of biological resources for biofuels production in Ukraine has been carried out, and it has been shown that usage of alternative energy sources has great potential for substantially improving energy supply of the state and solving environmental problems. The directions of development and new technologies of obtaining motor fuels from biomass are systematized. It has been established that usage of different types of biofuels and their mixtures for feeding internal combustion engines involves application of modified engines in terms of structure and algorithms and usage of traditional designs of cars without significant structural changes. Moreover, the impact of biofuels on the efficient operation of the engine requires further integrated research.

Nowadays, the reduction of the harmful effect on the environment is one of the essential state-level and international challenges. The solution of this problem lies in a worldwide use of concepts and principles of sustainable development, but also in transport and logistics performance by principles and methods of green logistics. The first part of the paper presents the review of the most authoritative studies in the field of sustainable development and green logistics. The second part of the article reflects the original approach to achieving the goals of sustainable development in the operation of logistics and transport systems based on the harmonisation of economic purposes and principles of logistics with principles of sustainable development that are reached through the systematisation of reviewed methods and instruments of logistics.

The work investigates the state of and the challenges facing the urban mobility in Bulgaria, related to demographic problems, the operation of urban public transport, the environment and traffic safety. Four stages in the evolution of urban mobility in the country in the second half of the 20th century have been reviewed and a study on the 12 plans for sustainable urban mobility (SUMP) developed by 2019 has been presented. The issues of building a sustainable transport system in the cities through engineering and technological solutions for decarbonisation of transport, shared integrated mobility, as well as servitisation of transport in the cities have been discussed. Some technological solutions for the use of electrical, hybrid and hydrogen fuel cell powered vehicles, including prototypes developed by high school and university student teams have been presented. Research on energy consumption for a river vessel, powered by solar panels has been reported. On the basis of two criteria—for the shortest time and the least harmful emissions, a multicriterial optimisation of public transport travels has been developed. Using Matlab, a programme solving the task of the model defined has been implemented. The input data are the adjacent matrices and the number of pseudorandom Sobolev probing points. Pareto-optimal discrete solutions have been defined, providing the opportunity for the decision-maker to choose one.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the environmental aspects of the production and use of biofuels in transport. It is stated that the environmental impact occurs at all stages of production and processing of bioenergy raw materials. It is substantial during land use change and production intensification, and minimal greenhouse gas emissions are observed when lignocellulosic fuels are used. Life cycle analysis shows that battery electric vehicles have a better greenhouse gas saving than most biofuels. At the same time, a large-scale implementation of renewable energy sources is needed to reduce harmful emissions from electricity generation. It is established that the use of carbon-neutral synthetic biofuels is a promising way to achieve the complete decarbonisation of the transport sector.

Summary. This article analyses the train traffic control systems in 1435 mm and 1520 mm gauge railways. The article analyses the aspects of train traffic control and locomotive energy saving by using the coordinates of track profile change that have been received from GPS. In the article, achievements of Lithuanian railways (LG) in the area of train traffic control optimisation are presented.

Summary. The article investigates causes and conditions of downtime of automobile and excavator complex in iron ore open mines in the structure of the multi-type fleet of dump trucks. The formulas for determining the downtime trucks of different carrying capacity allocated to a single excavator. In this article will find out the regularities of formation wasting time waiting at the loading multi-type structure of the park trucks.

The implementation of the project “The Economic Belt of the Silk Road” and the creation of new transport links of the international communication make it important to place logistics centers on the road to the flow of freight flows in the East-West direction. The purpose of this study is to develop a methodology for assessing the variants of logistics centers location. The authors proposed the methodology and model allowing us to determine the necessity of placing logistics objects on the basis of a system analysis of transport performance indicators, infrastructural, socio-economic factors. The paper analyzed trends in international trade, reviewed existing and prospective international Euro-Asian transport corridors. The researchers systematized the factors that have the greatest impact on the transport and logistics infrastructure development and on the logistics centers location. Based on the proposed system of factors, the authors developed an assessing methodology for locating variants of logistics centers. The chapter performs the results of the attractiveness assessment of the regions for the logistics infrastructure facilities location according to the developed methodology for the conditions in the Russian Federation as in one of the countries pretending to promote cargo flows through its territory within the framework of the project “The Economic Belt of the Silk Road”.

Kazakhstan occupies a key position on routes of transcontinental cargo transportation along the East-West routes. The chapter deals with the containers transportation through the territory of Kazakhstan. Technical and economic aspects related to the possibility of accelerating such transport are being studied. Various types of cargoes and possible routes for this delivery are considered. Particular attention was paid to the development of communication between Chinese port terminals and railway stations in Kazakhstan.

The chapter deals with freight transport between Europe and Asia, supporting intercontinental exchange of goods. So first the impact of Eurasian trade on transport and logistics branch is presented. The analysis is focused on position of European Union in global trade, especially with China and its influence on the increase of services for logistics operators. In another part of the chapter analysis of transport corridors between Europe and Asia are presented. Then, the paper focuses on future development of Eurasian transport corridors. The research objective of this chapter was to prepare strategic analysis of future transport development in Eurasian region. Eurasian transport network SWOT analysis is shown and scenario building based on STEEPLE environmental analysis. The purpose of the scenario analysis was to acquire knowledge in order to rationalize future decisions in strategy building for the investments and research connected with the topic.

Now for the construction of railway tracks for subway or tram, new designs of spring rail fastenings are used. These units are quite difficult to calculate, because they contain a number of contact connections. In this chapter, a technique of numerical analysis for the study of these fastenings is developed, based on the use of the finite element method. The developed technique has been used for the analysis of SB-3 rail fastening. The authors also present a brief discussion on fastening the rails to the sleepers used in the past and present on Polish rail network. This research aims to create a computational model of the SB-3 rail fastening using the FEM (Finite Element Method) from which further research can be developed.

Now for the build of tracks for main railway, subway or tram are using new designs of spring rail fastenings. These units are quite difficult to calculation, because they contain a number of contact connections. In the article developed the technique of numerical analysis of these fastenings, based on the use of the finite element method. The developed technique has been used for the analysis of SB-3 rail fastening.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.mech.23.2.18109

The paper presents assessment of the impact of the processes handling efficiency on the transport process based on research done in the real object, using same technologies and material handling equipment. The aim of the paper was to confirm importance of loading and unloading processes of palletized cargo as an initial and final link of multimodal transport by developing methods’ proposal for monitoring and assessing the effectiveness of cargo operations as well as development of measures and comparison estimators. The analysis of the manipulation operations’ duration throughout the transport process is based on the percentile rates of manipulation and carriage in total transport process duration and the percentage of manipulating time in the duration of the carriage. These indicators and examined loading and unloading times, are the basis for the development of scheduling algorithms for optimizing transport processes on the scale of the whole transport chain. This data is also a helpful input to support strategic decisions on the allocation of financial resources for the development of infrastructure and terminal equipment, warehouses and other facilities.

The article deals with the problems related to parallelize of computational processes for solving problems connected with the thermal stress by the finite element method. As an example, here considered the problem of heat generation in the contact zone of a friction damper of passenger wagons and determined the temperature distribution in the interacting parts.

One of the factors limiting the increase in quality of traffic with the increasing complexity of the freight traffic in Russia is the lack of interaction consistency of the main modes of transport and transport uncommon in areas of direct transport service production and transport units. Lack of practical operating experience of intelligent transport systems in Russian enterprises, poor prevalence of well-known methods of accumulation and analysis of knowledge in transport, decision-making (genetic algorithms, neural networks, knowledge bases, Big Data methods, etc.) require improvement of the existing interaction methodology between industry and transport, in particular transport and technological systems providing direct cargo transport services. This methodology should be based not only on modern progress in technology and organization of rail transport, but also taken into account the economic and informational factors and constraints that arise in the interaction of industrial and mainline rail. This article proposes an approach to the formation and composition of intelligent transport systems in industry. This approach is based on the original combination of analytical and simulation models of transport and technological system realizing the complex of transport and logistic methods of functioning organization of rail transport and technological systems. Intelligent transport system of proposed functional composition is focused on improving the efficiency of interaction between production and transport in terms of complicating the structure of freight traffic and the increasing quality requirements for freight.

Current design process can be simplified and accelerated, if computer simulation based on finite element method (FEM) is used. FEM numerical calculations of different wheels of railway wheelsets are investigated in the Department of Railway Engineering. The justification for undertaking this issue is that there is no methodology in the design of railway wheelsets both in Poland and abroad. In order to assess the calculation model, experimental tests of static loads (due to carriage weight) and thermal loads (due to braking) have been run. The results of these tests have been compared with the results of numerical analysis. The proposed calculation model has been compared with the results of test stand investigation. Comparison of the results has confirmed the correctness of the proposed discrete model and calculation algorithm. In the framework of the common scientific-didactic projects of Railway Engineering Department and Central Rail Research Institute in Moscow and producer of railway wheelsets-BONATRANS a.s. in Bohumin (Czech Republic), the method was worked out, and the experimental researches were conducted on specialists certified stands for railway wheelset researches (Sitarz, M., Bizoń, K., and Chruzik, K. Numerical calculations reckonings of railway wheel sets. W: Scientific Proceedings of Riga Technical University, 2002, str 84-89, Sladkowski, A., Bizoń, K., and Chruzik, K. Porównanie wyników analizy MES z wynikami pomiarów tensometrycznych deformacji kól kolejowych zestawów kolowych, Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej nr 18/2002, Gliwice, 2002, str 397-402, Zima, R., Bizoń, K., Chruzik, K. Badania teoretyczne i eksperymentalne kól kolejowych zestawów kolowych, W: XLII Sympozjon ‘Modelowanie w mechanice’, Wisla, 2003).

In this article, research into the influence of interacting wheel and rail profiles on the distribution of contact zones and stresses is presented. The influence of contact forces on the deformation of rolling carload wheels and rails, and the influence of this deformation on the redistribution of the contact stresses is also investigated. The quasi-Hertz method as well as a finite element (FE) method were included as basis of mathematical simulation. With these tools, distributions of contact zones for different angles of attack of the wheelsets were defined. The problem was solved in three-dimensions. The offered technique to solve the contact problem has been used for the improvement of operating wheels.

This study investigates how current design processes for railway wheels can be simplified and accelerated if computer simulation based on finite element method (FEM) is used. The justification for undertaking this study is that there is no methodology in the design of railway wheelsets either in Poland or abroad; and that there is no way of optimizing wheelsets' construction characteristics depending on manufacturing process and service parameters. FEM numerical calculations of different wheels of railway wheelsets are investigated using 3 FEM software packages. The results of reduced stress obtained are compared with respect to mesh type and pattern, value-dependent stress distribution, wheel construction, degree of wear, and software used. The analysis of this problem has made possible: (a) the comparison of software used in strain calculation of railway wheelsets; (b) an elaboration of design methodology for railway wheelsets; (c) an increase in durability of railway wheelsets; (d) an increase in the safety of rail transport; and (e) a decrease in manufacturing and service costs of railway wheelsets. The findings show that mesh type and pattern have a great impact on temperature, displacement and stress fields values. Geometry of the wheel mesh and hub influence the distribution and values of the stresses. The analysis of the impact of the degree of wear on the distribution and values of the stresses shows that its influence is only significant in the case of loads due to braking. Results also demonstrate the importance of using the correct FEM model, with different software showing significant differences in the computation of temperature field caused by braking.

In the theoretical part, this article presents the basic conditions for the organization of air transport cargo divided into different types of cargo shipments. Then an analysis of the Polish market of air cargo shipments is presented, taking into account the type of companies, airlines and airports that support them. In the research part, an FMEA analysis of an entity providing air cargo transport organization services was made, presenting several disadvantages and possible remedial actions that contribute to the improvement of the quality of services.

Determining the size and quality of transport needs would not be possible without adequate forecasting based on the sales volume or demand for this service from the past periods. Traditional forecasting methods use econometric models that may be subject to serious errors. The use of the methods taking into account the variability of the studied phenomena or more advanced mathematical methods enables to minimize the error. Various methods of artificial intelligence such as a neural network, fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms, etc., have been recently successfully applied. The aim of this paper is to compare three forecasting methods that can be used for predicting the volume of road freight. The article deals with the effectiveness of three prediction methods, namely Winter's method for seasonal problems – a multiplicative version, harmonic analysis and harmonic analysis aided by the artificial immune system. The effectiveness of prediction was counted using MAPE errors (main average percentage error). The results of calculations were compared and the best example was presented. First Published Online: 30 Mar 2012

The article is concerned with the applicability of the robotic transportation complex of automotive barrows for haulage transportation along various transport routes of mining enterprises. The simultaneous application of robotic transport and telemetry links makes the door-to-door transportation possible, i.e. direct transportation from the starting to the final point avoiding intermediate storage and a considerable part of auxiliary equipment.