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Alternative whitening strategies to hydrogen peroxide have been proposed, such as the inclusion of abrasive and/or pigmented particles in the toothpaste. This study compared the whitening effectiveness of a toothpaste containing Blue Covarine (BC) vs. an in-office whitening treatment using 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) in teeth stained. Bovine incisors blocks (6.0x6.0x2.0 mm) were stained with green tea (GT), orange soda (OS), or red wine (RW). The samples were randomly assigned into 8 groups (n=15), according to the type of staining and whitening treatment: G1 – no staining, BC (Control); G2 – no staining, HP (Control); G3 – GT, BC; G4 – GT, HP; G5 – OS, BC; G6 – OS, HP; G7 – RW, BC; G8 – RW, HP. Color change (ΔE), luminosity (L*), green-red axis (a*), and blue-yellow axis (b*) were recorded with spectroscopy at T0 – baseline, T1 – immediately after toothbrushing or in-office tooth whitening, and T2 – after the conclusion of the treatments. The whiteness index for dentistry (WID) was calculated. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measured mixed ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). HP showed a better whitening performance (ΔE) (p ≤ 0.042). Otherwise, no effects of the whitening agent were observed (p = 1.000). Data from ΔL, Δa, and Δb showed statistically significant differences for experimental groups (p < 0.001). In the WID analysis, BC and HP had similar effects within control and RW groups. In conclusion, blue covarine toothpaste may be a viable option for extrinsically stained teeth. However, for severe staining, HP-based whitening agents proved to be the most effective treatment strategy.Keywords: Tooth Bleaching. Dentifrices. Color. ResumoEstratégias de clareamento alternativas ao peróxido de hidrogênio têm sido propostas, como a inclusão de partículas abrasivas e/ou pigmentadas nos cremes dentais. Este estudo comparou a eficácia clareadora de um creme dental contendo Blue Covarine (BC) com um tratamento de clareamento em consultório com peróxido de hidrogênio a 35% (HP) em dentes pigmentados. Blocos de incisivos bovinos (6,0x6,0x2,0 mm) foram pigmentados com chá verde (GT), refrigerante de laranja (OS) ou vinho tinto (RW). As amostras foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em 8 grupos (n = 15), de acordo com o tipo de pigmento e tratamento clareador: G1 - sem coloração, CB (Controle); G2 - sem coloração, HP (Controle); G3 - GT, BC; G4 - GT, HP; G5 - OS, BC; G6 - SO, HP; G7 - RW, BC; G8 - RW, HP. Mudança de cor (ΔE), luminosidade (L *), eixo verde-vermelho (a*) e eixo azul-amarelo (b*) foram registrados com espectroscopia em T0 - baseline, T1 - imediatamente após a escovação ou clareamento dental em consultório, e T2 - após a conclusão dos tratamentos. O índice de brancura para odontologia (WID) foi calculado. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA mista de duas vidas para medidas repetidas e teste de Bonferroni (α = 0,05). HP apresentou melhor desempenho de clareamento (ΔE) (p ≤ 0,042). Os dados de ΔL, Δa e Δb mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os grupos experimentais (p

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:59:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 This study evaluated the persistence of eugenol-containing (PR, Provy) or eugenol-free (RT, Relyx Temp, and TB, Temp Bond) temporary cement residues and its effects on push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration of the self-adhesive resin cement (Relyx U200). Eighty human roots were endodontically treated and post space prepared. Fourty specimens were distributed in four groups (n = 10): Control (CO), without any clinical procedure, PR, RT, and TB, where a metallic post was cemented with one of the temporary cements. After metallic post removal, hemi sections post space were submitted to SEM analysis. Another specimens were distributed in similar groups, but fiberglass post was cemented using Relyx U200 cement and submitted to push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration cement analysis, in post space thirds. SEM analysis were evaluated by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests, while bond strength and dentinal penetration were evaluated by ANOVA One-Way and Tukey test (p

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:29:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-06-01 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surface treatments with 1% peracetic acid (PA), solution containing 17% EDTA (SmearClear, Kerr Endodontics), solution containing a combination of 17% EDTA with 2% chlorhexidine (QMix, Dentsply Sirona) on the post-space root dentin compared to 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on bond strength and resin tags length in dentin. Material and Methods: Forty human-canine roots were endodontically treated and the post space was prepared. The specimens were randomised into four groups (n = 10): control - irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl solution, PA - irrigation with 1% PA, SmearClear - irrigation with SmearClear solution, and QMix - irrigation with QMix solution. The fibre posts were cemented using a self-adhesive resin system (Relyx U200, 3M ESPE). After six months, the specimens were cross-sectioned and subjected to push-out and confocal laser microscopy tests. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests were used to analyse the data (a= 0.05). Results: PA and QMix presented the highest bond strength values compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the resin tags length in dentin by the groups (p = 0.75). Conclusions: Irrigation of the post space with 1% PA and QMix showed a positive clinical impact on the adhesion between the fiber post and root dentin. However, these materials had no influence on resin tags length in dentin by self-adhesive resin cement. Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Dentistry Federal University of Para (UFPA) Department of Restorative Dentistry Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo (USP) Department of Restorative Dentistry Araraquara School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP)

To evaluate the occurrence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and to analyze the effect of common factors in the etiology of CP on the occurrence of DDE. A case–control study was carried out using the modified DDE index to classify enamel defects. The study group (SG) consisted of 45 participants with CP aged between three and 14 years. The control group (CG) consisted of 88 normotypical schoolchildren, paired by gender and age group. Caregivers answered a questionnaire on their socioeconomic status and medical history. The Chi-square tests, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed (level significance

To evaluate the heart rate (HR) and behaviour of children and teenagers with Cerebral Palsy (CP) when having a dental appointment. A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with 60 participants with CP, between 2 and 14 years old (study group—SG), and 60 normotypical individuals (CG). The sample was paired according to age, gender and socioeconomic status. Behaviour was evaluated during dental prophylaxis using the Frankl Scale, and HR was measured at five moments: before the appointment, when sitting in the dental chair, during the clinical examination, during prophylaxis and immediately after prophylaxis. Mann–Whitney, Friedman and Chi-square tests were applied at a significance level of 5%. SG presented significantly higher HR (p

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of homeless persons. A cross-sectional study was conducted, with participants (n = 176) attending a Specialized Reference Center for the Homeless Population in Teresina, Brazil. Dental caries (DMFT index, WHO criteria), periodontal disease (CPI index), and the consequences of untreated caries (PUFA index) were measured by a single calibrated examiner (Kappa ≥0.83). Sociodemographic, oral health, and OHRQoL (OHIP-14) data were obtained through interviews. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and Poisson regression, with a significance level of 5%. Most of the participants were male (86.4%) and from the age group of 30 to 43 years (52.2%). Mean DMFT was 11 (SD ± 6.9) and mean total PUFA score was 1.2 (SD ± 2.2). Most of the participants (88.6%) had dental calculus and 8.5% and 1.7% of the sample had gingival bleeding and periodontal pocket > 3.5mm, respectively. The highest prevalence of negative impact in the OHRQoL was associated with females (1.4 (95%CI 1.1–1.7)), low educational level (2.0 (95%CI 1.3–3.0)), caries (1.6 (95%CI 1.1–2.6)), fistulas (1.9 (95%CI 1.3–3.1)), gingival bleeding (1.7 (95%CI 1.1– 2.7)), dental calculus (1.8 (95% CI 1.3–2.5)), periodontal pockets > 3 mm (1.5 (95%CI 1.1–2.0)), and need for extraction (2.3 (95%CI 1.1–5.0)). In conclusion, the negative impact on the OHRQoL of homeless persons was associated with low educational level, presence of decayed teeth, gingival bleeding, and dental calculus.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01 Background: Endodontically treated teeth with extensive structural damage present higher fragility due to the low amount and worse quality of the reminiscent tissues of the crown. Materials and Methods: The present in vitro study evaluated the effect of different intraradicular retainers and cementation agents on the fracture resistance of devitalized teeth. Incisive teeth (n = 40) of bovine mandibles were used. After preparation of the root canals, they were immersed in polyether, in a polyvinyl chloride cylinder containing acrylic resin, to simulate the periodontal ligament. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10), according to the type of retainer (anatomical or main with accessory posts) and resin cement used (conventional resin cement-RelyX ARC or self-adhesive resin cement-RelyX U200). The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C and submitted to fracture resistance testing. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied for data analysis, with significance level set at 5%. Results: There was no interaction between cement type and intraradicular retainers (P = 0.56) or even between the types of cement used (P = 0.65). However, in the variation of the types of retainers, the group using main with accessory posts presented greater resistance to the fracture than the anatomical post (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Different cementing agents have no effect on the fracture strength of devitalized teeth, unlike the use of posts, in which the use of accessory post proved more resistant when compared to the anatomical post. Department of Prosthesis and Periodontics School of Dentistry Campinas University Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp), 1680 Humaita Street, Centro Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp) Department of Dentistry School of Dentistry Wyden Educational Group FACID WYDEN Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp), 1680 Humaita Street, Centro Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Saõ Paulo State University (Unesp)

Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-01T09:30:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) in dentists. Factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic were evaluated using a questionnaire and scores of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 were measured. The differences between the DAS scores based on the factors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic were tested through the successive application of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA, α = 0.05). After a sample size calculation, 998 participants with a mean age of 39.39 (± 11.69) years were included. The effect size indicated that changes in sleep quality (η2 = 0.161), eating habits (η2 = 0.057), and physical health (η2 = 0.051) were the ones that most negatively affected DAS scores. The highest DAS scores were COVID-19 (p < 0.001) and in those who did not engage in leisure activities during the pandemic (p < 0.001). Dentists who worked on the frontline against COVID-19 had higher scores of anxiety and stress (p = 0.029). The highest scores for anxiety, depression, and/ or stress were seen in dentists living with someone at high-risk for COVID-19, who acts on the frontline, who does not practice in leisure activities during the pandemic, who completely changed eating habits, quality of sleep and physical health during the pandemic. In general, DAS levels of dentists were associated with factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Universidade Estadual Paulista – Unesp Faculty of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ School of Dentistry Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA School of Dentistry Department of Dental Clinic Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia – UESB Center for Studies in Aging Universidade Estadual Paulista – Unesp Faculty of Dentistry Department of Restorative Dentistry

Poor oral hygiene seems to be the norm in children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS). Advances in design and types of toothbrushes may improve biofilm control. This randomized, single-blind, crossover clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of electric toothbrushes regarding mechanical control of biofilm in children and teenagers with DS and their cooperation. Twenty-nine participants with DS, aged 6 to 14 years, used both types of toothbrushes: electric (ET) and manual (MT). The order of use of the different types of toothbrushes was randomly defined, including a 7-day period with each type with 7-day washout period in between. The Turesky-Quigley-Hein biofilm index was used before and after brushing to assess the effectiveness of the technique. Frankl’s behavioral scale was used during toothbrushing to assess the participants’ cooperation. Paired T-test, Mann Whitney, Chi-square, and Fisher’s Exact tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. The quantity of dental biofilm was significantly reduced after both brushing techniques (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found in total biofilm (ET: 0.73 ± 0.36; MT: 0.73 ± 0.34; p = 0.985) or % biofilm reduction (ET: 72.22%; MT: 70.96%; p = 0.762) after brushing between techniques or in % biofilm reduction between toothbrushes of age groups (6 –9 years, p = 0.919; 10–14 years, p = 0.671). Participants showed similar cooperation level with the two types of toothbrush (p = 1.000). The use of electric or manual toothbrush had no effect on the quantity of dental biofilm removed in children and teenagers with DS, nor did it influence their cooperation during the procedure.

Objective: To measure the heart rate (HR) and the behavior of children and teenagers with Down Syndrome (DS) during the dental appointment. Material and Methods: Two groups (n = 52), of both genders, aged 2-14 years, matched by age group were formed: study group (SG) - individuals with DS and control group (CG) - normotypical school children. The participants were submitted to clinical examination and prophylaxis. An oximeter was used to measure the HR at five moments of the dental consultation: before entering the practice room (T0), when sitting in the dental chair (T1), during the clinical examination (T2), during prophylaxis (T3) and immediately after prophylaxis (T4). Behavior, classified according to the Frankl Scale, was observed at T3. Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn and Pearson's Chi-square tests were used to analyze and compare variables (significance level at 5%) . Results: In SG, a significant difference in HR was observed according to the moment of dental appointment (p

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:32:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-09-01 Background: The effects of fixed orthodontic therapy on the occurrence of halitosis are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on self-assessment and diagnosis of halitosis in undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two undergraduate dental students were included in this cross-sectional study. Two groups (n = 31 per group) were composed of participants with (study group) or without (control group) fixed orthodontic appliance. Halitosis self-assessment and clinical diagnosis were assessed using a visual analogic scale (VAS) and sulfur volatile compounds (SVCs) assessment, respectively. The subjective (VAS) and objective (SVC) malodor assessments were classified in absence, light, moderate, or severe malodor. Chi-square Pearson test and Spearman’s correlation were applied for data analysis, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances had no effect on self-assessment (P = 0.490) or clinical diagnosis (P = 0.610) of halitosis. Self-assessment was not significantly associated with the diagnosis of halitosis regardless the use of fixed orthodontic appliance (P ≥ 0.737). Male participants showed higher diagnosis of halitosis (P = 0.007). SVC measurements showed the absence of halitosis in 51.6% and 58.1% of participants with or without orthodontic appliances, respectively. Conclusion: The use of fixed orthodontic appliances affected the self-assessment of halitosis but no SVC measurements. It was not verified a correlation between subjective and objective methods to diagnose halitosis in dental students. Department of Dentistry Faculdade Integral Diferencial – FACID/ Wyden Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Araraquara São Paulo State University – UNESP Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry Araraquara São Paulo State University – UNESP

Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um espectro de transtornos do desenvolvimento neurológico que afeta o desenvolvimento e funcionamento do cérebro, por mecanismos ainda desconhecidos. A prevalência estimada para TEA é de um a dois para cada mil nascidos vivos e estes indivíduos apresentam limitações físicas e psicológicas que incluem atrasos no desenvolvimento da linguagem, dificuldades de comunicação e interação social, comportamentos restritos e repetitivos e muitos podem ter deficiência intelectual. Supõe-se que a saúde bucal de indivíduos com TEA é precária, em parte por suas limitações e pouca destreza manual para realização de cuidados em saúde, bem como pelo maior consumo de alimentos com adição de açúcar e retenção prolongada do bolo alimentar na cavidade bucal, que são observados nesta população. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre as condições de saúde bucal de indivíduos autistas. Para o desenvolvimento da presente revisão de literatura foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MedLine/PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Os artigos foram selecionados segundo descritores relacionados com saúde bucal e transtorno do espectro autista. Menor prevalência de cárie em indivíduos com TEA é relatada na maioria dos estudos, porém, observa-se a necessidade de estudos longitudinais que possam avaliar incidência e fatores associados com cárie dentária nesta população. Estudos sugerem que indivíduos autistas tenham pior condição periodontal, havendo uma lacuna sobre as condições associadas a essa maior prevalência. Embora com um número limitado de estudos, indivíduos autistas parecem não serem mais propensos a traumatismos dentários.Palavras-chave: Transtorno do Espectro Autista; Cárie Dentária; Doenças Periodontais; Traumatismos Dentários.AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders that affect the brain development and functioning, by still unknown mechanisms. The estimated prevalence for ASD is one to two per thousand live births and these individuals present physical and psychological limitations that include delays in language development, difficulties in social interaction, communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors, and many may have intellectual disabilities. It is assumed that the oral health of ASD individuals is precarious, in part because of their limitations and little manual dexterity to perform health care, as well as the high consumption of foods with added sugar and prolonged retention of the food bolus in the oral cavity, which are observed in this population. The aim of this article is to present a review of the literature about the oral health conditions of autistic individuals. For the development of the present literature review, the MedLine / PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases were searched. The articles were selected according to descriptors related to oral health and autism spectrum disorder. Lower caries prevalence in ASD individuals is reported in most of the studies, however, it is observed the need for longitudinal studies that can assess incidence and factors associated with dental caries in this population. Studies suggest that autistic individuals have worse periodontal conditions, and there is a lack of conditions associated with this higher prevalence. Despite the limited number of studies, autistic individuals do not appear to be more prone to dental trauma.Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dental Caries. Periodontal Diseases. Tooth Injuries.

Background: Viral hepatitis B (VHB) is an occupational risk for dentists. It is necessary that dental students start clinical practice immunized with the vaccine, response monitored and informed about the means of transmission of the disease. Rarely, there are studies, which evaluate concomitantly knowledge of these academics and their vaccine situation? Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge about Hepatitis B, the vaccine situation and the immunization status of dental students and to investigate the probable correlation between the status of immunization, vaccination membership and adherence to the test of seroconversion and associated factors. Patients and Methods: 189 students from the dentistry course at the Federal University of Piaui (UFPI) who attended from the 3rd to 9th period were invited to participate in the research. Their knowledge about HBV, attitude regarding protection and their vaccine situation were assessed through a self-administered form. Antibodies against surface antigens of Hepatitis B virus (Anti-HBs) and against the antigens of the virus nucleous of Hepatitis B (Anti-HBc total) were measured qualitatively using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Of the 179 students surveyed, 58.1% knew about the degree of virulence of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). As to the means of transmission, 98.3% considered blood transmission, 82.6% plates and cutlery, 15.6% cough and 12.3% vertical transmission. Most students (87.4%) knew that they should take 3 doses of the vaccine and 62.2% completed the immunization schedule. A minority of students (48.6%) knew the about the Anti-HBs test and 5.6% took the test. Among the students who reported having taken three doses of the vaccine, 12.5% were not seroconverted. There was no significant correlation between the variables. Conclusions: Dental academics were unsure about the means of infection and prevention against HBV. Many of them had not completed the immunization scheme and did not have the test of seroconversion. The serological analysis revealed unprotection, even after students completed the vaccination schedule.