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This systematic review summarizes characteristics and treatment outcomes of dental amalgam-associated oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs) and oral lichen planus (OLP). Embase and MEDLINE were searched for original studies on OLLs or OLP associated with dental amalgam. Data extraction was completed from 44 studies representing 1855 patients. Removal of amalgam restorations led to complete resolution in 54.2% (n = 423/781), partial resolution in 34.8% (n = 272/781), and no resolution in 11.0% (n = 86/781) of the patients with OLLs, whereas complete resolution occurred in 37.1% (n = 72/194), partial resolution in 26.3% (n = 51/194), and no resolution in 36.6% (n = 71/194) of the patients with OLP. For patients with OLLs, 91.6% of the patients with positive patch tests and 82.9% with negative patch tests had improvement with removal of amalgam, whereas for patients with OLP, 89.2% of the patients with positive patch tests and 78.9% with negative patch tests had improvement with removal of amalgam. Our results suggest improvement occurs, regardless of patch testing status.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can present as a rare complication of longstanding hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) lesions. Limited data exist on characteristics and outcomes of SCC development within HS lesions. The purpose of this review is to conduct a literature review of previously reported cases of SCC development in pre-existing HS lesions. EMBASE and MEDLINE searches were conducted in OVID on June 25, 2020, to yield 59 studies. Of the 95 patients (mean age: 52.9 years) who developed a total of 122 SCCs within HS lesions, the majority were males (77.9%, n = 74/95). The most common sites of SCC were the gluteal region (47.5%, n = 58/122), the perianal region (18.9%, n = 23/122), and the genitals (13.9%, n = 17/122). The mean duration between HS onset and SCC development was 25.5 years. Of the patients that had outcomes reported, 54.0% (n = 34/63) experienced SCC metastasis, 43.1% (n = 28/65) experienced SCC recurrences, and 58.7% (n = 44/75) experienced a mortality outcome. The most common documented reasons for death included metastasis (34.1%, n = 15/44) and sepsis (13.6%, n = 6/44). Patients with longstanding HS lesions can develop SCCs with a high rate of metastasis and mortality. Thus, chronic HS lesions, especially in the gluteal, perianal, genital, and perineal regions, should be monitored regularly for timely SCC diagnosis and management.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by progressive declines in cognitive function. Current epidemiological data indicates significant sex-linked disparities, where females have a higher risk of developing AD compared to male counterparts. This disparity necessitates further investigations to uncover the pathological and molecular factors influencing these sex differences. Although the underlying pathways behind this observed disparity remain elusive, recent research points to menopausal estrogen loss as a potential factor. Estrogen holds a significant role in APP processing as well as overall neuronal health through the regulation of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) - a factor that is also reduced in post-menopausal women. BDNF is a known contributor to neuronal health, and its reduced expression is typically linked to AD disorders. Exercise is known to increased BDNF and may provide an accessible activity for post-menopausal women to reduce their risk of AD. This review aims to discuss the relationship between estrogen, exercise, and BDNF in AD pathology.

In the paper, the methods of reused yarn processing are analyzed, considering the issue of maintenance reliability of the proposed auxiliary equipment for garment and knitting production waste processing. The estimation of implementation possibility is given for the developed technology by means of introduction of oiling device at the stage of yarn winding on a spool after backwinding on auxiliary equipment that will allow reducing the treated yarn’s fluffiness and removing its glassy state giving elasticity.

In the paper the analysis of technologies for processing of wastes of sewing and knitted production is carried out. Issues of development of ecologically expedient methods and devices for processing of wastes of sewing and knitted production are considered. Approbation of the developed universal auxiliary equipment for processing of wastes from sewing and knitting production has been carried out. The effect of humidity and temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of recycled yarn fibers has been studied. The estimation of the possibility of implementing the developed technology with the mathematical modeling is given.

The article investigates the sources of sewing and knitting production waste, analysis types and characteristics of knitted waste, the current state of waste treatment technologies and their impact on the environment. It is proved that the technological production processes are accompanied by intense release of harmful substances that contaminate the work area and the environment, causing deterioration of working conditions for people and equipment. On the basis of technology analysis of recycling sewing and knitting production waste was designed and presented a model for the processing of knitting yarn waste.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has traditionally been discussed as a disease where serious cognitive decline is a result of Aβ-plaque accumulation, tau tangle formation, and neurodegeneration. Recently, it has been shown that metabolic dysregulation observed with insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes actively contributes to the progression of AD. One of the pathologies linking metabolic disease to AD is the release of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to the development of brain neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately resulting in amyloid-beta peptide production and accumulation. Improving these metabolic impairments has been shown to be effective at reducing AD progression and improving cognitive function. The polyphenol resveratrol (RSV) improves peripheral metabolic disorders and may provide similar benefits centrally in the brain. RSV reduces inflammatory cytokine release, improves mitochondrial energetic function, and improves Aβ-peptide clearance by activating SIRT1 and AMPK. RSV has also been linked to improved cognitive function; however, the mechanisms of action are less defined. However, there is evidence to suggest that chronic RSV-driven AMPK activation may be detrimental to synaptic function and growth, which would directly impact cognition. This review will discuss the benefits and adverse effects of RSV on the brain, highlighting the major signaling pathways and some of the gaps surrounding the use of RSV as a treatment for AD.