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To identify a useful non-imaging tool to screen paediatric patients with traumatic brain injury for intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). We retrospectively analysed patients aged .

Background: Uncontrolled status epilepticus (SE) causes damage to all organs, especially the brain. Although there are guidelines regarding the management of convulsive SE, the timing for administering first-line rescue medications (RMeds) remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed patients with persistent SE lasting for >30 min, who visited the pediatric emergency department (pED), to determine clinical features and risk factors and provide directions for management on arrival to the pED. Methods: This study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing medical charts of patients aged 0–19 years diagnosed with SE and accompanying motor seizures, who visited the pED between January 2010 and December 2019. After arrival at the pED, patients were divided into two groups, namely ≥30 min (n = 12) and Results: Seizures lasting for 5 min, which was statistically significant; hence, more hospitalizations in the ICU were observed when RMed administration was delayed (p = 0.047). In acute symptomatic SE such as encephalitis, more than three doses of RMeds were needed to control seizures. Conclusions: Patients with convulsive SE should arrive at the pED as soon as possible and immediately receive RMeds after arrival at the pED for good outcomes.

Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a defect in any subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), which has an essential role in glucose metabolism. The causes of disease progression in PDH deficiency are not fully understood yet. Based on repeated observations of a patient with PDH deficiency at our center, we hypothesized that stress-induced gluconeogenesis contributes to rapid exacerbation of the disease. This link has not been established previously.