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// Hyejin Kim 1, * , Van Phuc Nguyen 1, * , Panchanathan Manivasagan 2, * , Min Jung Jung 3 , Sung Won Kim 4 , Junghwan Oh 1, 2 and Hyun Wook Kang 1, 2 1 Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK 21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea 3 Department of Pathology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea 4 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Sung Won Kim, email: swforyou@gmail.com Junghwan Oh, email: jungoh@pknu.ac.kr Hyun Wook Kang, email: wkang@pukyong.ac.kr Keywords: doxorubicin; gold-nanoparticles; photothermal therapy; chemotherapy; eye tumor Received: October 16, 2017 Accepted: December 01, 2017 Published: December 09, 2017 ABSTRACT The current research demonstrates the feasible biomedical application of AuNPs coated with doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded fucoidan (Fu) for dual-chemotherapy and photothermal treatment (PTT) on eye tumors in vitro and in vivo . Marine-derived Fu was used as a capping agent to achieve high photostability for AuNPs, and Dox as a FDA-approved anti-cancer drug was added to induce chemotherapy. The synthesized Dox-Fu@AuNPs exhibited high cytotoxicity on the tumor cells and strong light absorption for temperature increase in vitro . After intratumoral injection of Dox-Fu@AuNPs in the rabbit eye tumors, PTT-assisted Dox-Fu@AuNPs entailed the complete removal of the eye tumors without recurrence for 14 days after the treatment. Photoacoustic image contrast from the tumor regions was enhanced due to selective light absorption by the administered Dox-Fu@AuNPs. Therefore, the proposed Dox-Fu@AuNPs can be a potential nano-theranostic material for treating and diagnosing the eye tumors.

Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2) is characterized by multifocal proliferation of neural crest-derived cells. The characteristics finding of NF-2 is bilateral vestibular schwannomas. Combined hamartoma of retina and retinal epithelium (CHRRPE) is another associated finding. A 9 year-old-male child presented with left eye decreased vision for 3 months. Visual acuity was 0.0 and 0.8 LogMAR in the right and left eye, respectively. Left fundus showed an elevated, pigmented lesion with surface wrinkling and vascular tortuosity suggestive of CHRRPE with multiple presumed retinal astrocytic proliferations in mid-periphery. He had multiple café-au-lait spots. Optical coherence tomography confirmed clinical findings. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed bilateral acoustic neuroma. Recognition of this rare finding as presenting feature of NF-2 can lead to earlier diagnosis which is vital to appropriate surveillance and possible surgical intervention. It is recommended that children with CHRRPE be screened for NF-2.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts that rarely occurs in the periorbital region. We report what we believe to be the first case of periorbital NF associated with pregnancy. A case of intravascular fasciitis, a NF variant, has been reported during pregnancy, but it was not located in the periorbital region. A weak presence of estrogen receptors has been reported in NF. This may make it more susceptible to the hormone-related changes during pregnancy and contribute to the development of the lesion by stimulating fibroblasts and smooth muscle cell types. Although rare, NF should be considered in the differential diagnosis of periorbital soft-tissue masses arising during pregnancy.

We conducted a retrospective review of 11 eyes undergoing eye wall resection between October 1998 and October 2009. The median age of 11 patients was 29 years. Decreased vision (eight) was the most common presenting symptom. Ciliary body medulloepithelioma was the most common clinical diagnosis (six). Medulloepithelioma was the most common histopathological diagnosis (four). The duration of follow-up ranged from 0.5 to 67 months (median 11 months). Three eyes needed to be enucleated in the postoperative period (margin involvement two eyes, recurrence one eye). Postoperative complications among others included retinal detachment (three), vitreous hemorrhage (three), cataract (two), and suprachoroidal hemorrhage (two). To conclude, prognosis of this procedure continues to be guarded needing close postoperative follow-up.

We report, to our knowledge for the first time, a case of arteriovenous fistula presenting as a tumor of the upper eyelid in an 80-year-old patient. Surgical excision through an anterior approach brought excellent cosmetic and functional results.