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Landscape quality has become a fundamental issue in the development of renewable energy (henceforth abbreviated RE) projects. Rapid technological advances in RE production and distribution, coupled with changing policy frameworks, bring specific challenges during planning in order to avoid degradation of landscape quality. The current work provides a comprehensive review on RE landscapes and the impacts of RE systems on landscape for most European countries. It is based on a review by an interdisciplinary international team of experts of empirical research findings on landscape impacts of RE from thirty-seven countries that have participated in the COST Action TU1401 Renewable Energy and Landscape Quality (RELY).

A 70-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of two ulcerated erythematous-violaceous nodular lesions over the nose and forehead, respectively. The patient's history included a similar cutaneous nodule on the glabella diagnosed as pseudolymphoma 2 years ago. At that time, despite the diagnosis of a benign disease, an adequate staging was performed, ruling out any extracutaneous involvement. During hospitalization, multiple purpuric papules developed over the abdomen, and the disease spread to mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs and the central nervous system. Based on the histologic, immunophenotypic and molecular biology findings, a diagnosis of CD8+ epidermotropic cytotoxic primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was made. Secondary skin involvement by a CD8+ extracutaneous T-cell lymphoma could not be excluded with certainty, but seemed to be unlikely because of the negativity of the initial work-up. The patient died from complications of right femoral artery thrombosis before starting specific polychemotherapy 21 months after onset of the disease. Among primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, the CD8+ epidermotropic cytotoxic subset comprises rare, highly aggressive forms characterized by metastatic spread to unusual sites such as the oral cavity, lungs, testis and the central nervous system but usually not to the lymph nodes. These cases seem to be distinct from mycosis fungoides with CD8+ phenotype, which shows a nonaggressive clinical behavior. Copyright © 2005 S. Karger AG.

We report a primary cutaneous follicular center cell lymphoma (PCFCCL) that arose on the nose and the left naso-labial fold, spread to the left cheek, the left maxillary sinus, and the soft palate in a 16-year-old boy. Polychemotherapy was performed and the patient is disease-free after 41 months. This case is unusual because PCFCCL rarely arises on the nose, only occasionally disseminates to extracutaneous sites, and, to our knowledge, has never been described in pediatric patients.