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Sericulture in Karnataka is in the process of modernization in many phases through new demand driven extension approach called Technical Service Centres (TSCs) located at the grass-root level (Hobli and Taluka level). These centres mainly involved in the dissemination of the technologies developed by the Research Institutes and also in supply of mulberry cuttings/saplings, monitoring mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing and providing information about loan facilities and subsidy schemes. There is a need to study the attitude of sericulture beneficiary farmers towards activities of TSCs. The study was conducted during 2018-20 in the Karnataka state of India. The Karnataka state was contributing 35.00 per cent of silk production in India. An ex-post facto research design was used or the study. An attitude was measured by Likert scale construction. The Ramanagara and Mandya districts were selected because these district having highest number of TSCs in Bangalore and Mysore division respectively. Mandya, Malavalli and K.R Pet taluks from Mandya district on the other hand Ramanagara, Channapatna and Kanakapura taluks from Ramanagara district were purposively selected for the study. Above taluks were selected based on top 3 taluks in TSCs in district. The four TSCs from each taluk leads to twelve from each district, Totally, 24 TSCs were selected for the study. Ten sericulture farmers under each TSC, collectively 240, were selected by using random sampling method. The study revealed that just little more than half (50.42%) of the sericulture farmers had medium favourable attitude towards activities of TSCs followed by high favourable attitude (35.00%) and only 14.58 per cent of the sericulture farmers had low favourable attitude. The probable reason might be majority of the sericulture farmers participated in trainings at Sericulture Training Institute at K.R Pet of Mandya District and Channapatna of Ramanagara district and also they were undergone for study tour to Kolar district. They were supplied subsidized mulberry saplings, bed disinfectants, growth promoters among sericulture farmers.

Diffusion of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in every aspect of life has made the applications of e-commerce a fundamental part of marketing. Hence using e-commerce to market Geographical Indication (GI) based crops is quite essential for the survival of the growers associated with such crops. Due to this significance, it is critical to assess consumers acceptance of e-commerce to purchase geographical indication-based crop. The study uses Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to validate consumers’ willingness of using e-commerce to purchase GI crops with specific reference to Udupi jasmine. To analyse the relationships between TAM variables, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique was adopted. The analysis suggests that behavioural intentions of consumers will influence them into actual e-commerce use. Behavioural intention exerts a significant positive influence on the actual e-commerce use suggests that, if provided with an e-commerce application to purchase the product online, consumers are likely to accept and use it.

India owns the largest livestock population in the world and it is bestowed with huge and diverse livestock resources. The animal husbandry sector provides large self-employment opportunities and is proved to be a boon for sustaining the livelihood of the resource poor farmers. A study was undertaken to analyze the socioeconomic and psychological profile of livestock entrepreneurs in Karnataka state. Four divisions viz. Bengaluru division, Mysuru division, Belagavi division and Kalaburagi division were selected for the study. A total of 160 livestock entrepreneurs were randomly selected and data were collected using structured interview schedule. The analysis of socio economic and psychological profile revealed that majority (58.75%) of the livestock entrepreneurs were of middle age group (35-50 years), and more than three forth (78.13%) of the livestock entrepreneurs are male. With respect education 36.88 per cent of them had middle school education and half (50.63%) of the entrepreneurs belonged to small family size(less than 6 members). Majority (56.88%) of the livestock entrepreneurs had animal husbandry as their major occupation with 43.75 per cent of the respondents had medium landholding (2-3 acres of land). More than half (51.25%) of the respondents had medium livestock possession and 45.63 per cent of the entrepreneurs had an annual income of more than Rs.4,00,001. Majority (53.75%) of the livestock entrepreneurs had (5 to 10 years) medium level of experience in livestock entrepreneurship. Majority of the respondent dairy farmers had medium economic motivation and scientific orientation. The study concludes that livestock entrepreneurs had different socioeconomic status due to varied attributes possessed by them.

Introduction: Shadbindu taila is an Ayurvedic herbo-mineral preparation used in a variety of clinical conditions especially in diseases of upper part of body. This taila is described as exceptionally beneficial for improving the strength of hands. Before a human trial it is essential to evaluate the quality and authenticity of the trial drug, Standardization is needed for assuring quality of any drug and it should be started with the identification and authentication of the drug Materials and method: Pharmacognostical evaluation carried out at Pharmacognosy department, ITRA, Jamnagar, pharmaceutical and HPTLC study were done at Pharmaceutical chemistry department, ITRA, Jamnagar. Microbiological evaluation was carried out at department of Microbiology I.T.R.A, Jamnagar. Results: Organoleptic examination: Colour: Greenish Brown, Odour: Aromatic, Taste: Salty, Touch: Viscous, oily. Pharmaceutical evaluation: specific gravity 0.9177, density 0.8753 Refractive Index 1 .4860, Acid Value 4.042, Saponification Value 132.43, Iodine Value 169.33 HPTLC at 254nm (short wave) showed mainly 6 major spot and at 366 nm (long wave) showed 2 major spots. No organisms isolated in aerobic and fungal culture, in microbiology evaluation. Conclusion: The trial drug is authentic and devoid of any adulteration. All quality control parameters were found to be within the permissible pharmacopeial limits and the stability and shelf life of the trial drug also will be more as per the pharmaceutical parameters.

The project statement is to optimize the heat transfer in a compact heat recovery unit (Heat Recovery and Emission Control Equipment - HREC) using CFD with application in day to day life. In general, the outgoing exhaust gasses are released to atmosphere at over temperature of the dew point of water vapor in waste gases. Recovering a portion of the waste heat enhances the efficiency of the equipment and as well reduce the emissions providing energy savings and green environment. In this study, the potential of recovering waste heat emitted by any heat generation units in common day to day life and in industry is considered. The Heat Recovery and Emission Control Equipment (HREC) acts an intermediate unit at the exit of hot gas generation unit & feed water heating unit. As a result of the calculation, it was determined that recovery of the waste heat can be employed at many applications as like as a combustion air preheater by means of a recuperator.

The objective of the present article was to qualitatively and quantitatively review the association between chronic mechanical irritation and oral squamous cell carcinoma. PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were searched using the keyword combinations ‘chronic trauma and oral squamous cell carcinoma; chronic irritation and oral squamous cell carcinoma; chronic irritation and oral cancer; chronic trauma and oral cancer.’ Duplicates and irrelevant articles were excluded after the title and abstract screening. The full texts of the remaining articles were assessed using selection criteria. A total of 375 (PubMed-126; SCOPUS-152; WOS-97) articles were screened, and 343 duplicates and irrelevant articles were excluded. Only 9 of the remaining 32 articles met the selection criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. Buccal mucosa and tongue, being highly prone to chronic irritation through the dental prosthesis, were the common sites for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Edentulous subjects with ill-fitting dentures were at a high risk of developing chronic irritation associated-oral squamous cell carcinoma. According to the Joanna Briggs Institute of risk assessment, eight of the nine included studies had a low risk of bias. The quantitative analysis showed a significant association (p

Introduction: The world has faced the pandemic of COVID-19 in the march of 2020 and still it continues to effect in 2021. Hence, in the present study we aim to evaluate the gulps in the research so that certain recommendations can be made for the future research. We conducted a scoping review of the COVID meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Online data was collected from the search engines of EBSCO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The searched terms were COVID-19, CORONA, SARS-CoV-2, clinical features, Wuhan, etc. The study articles were collected that from January 2020 to February 2021. Based on the PRISMA guidelines, the meta-analysis was performed. Results: In the present study, we finalized 316 articles. On February 2020, the first article was published. We observed a spike in the meta-analysis later on. Most of the meta-analysis were issued in the virology and infection magazines. As expected, the majority studies were from Wuhan. The other countries that published the meta-analysis were the USA, the UK, and Italy. The studies included in each meta-analysis were nearly 25 and the subjects were approximately 16 thousand. However, we noticed a poor quality in majority of these meta-analysis and

Severe morphological changes and the reduction of the residual ridge in old denture wearers can pose major challenges like providing optimum retention, stability, support and restoring the lost vertical dimensions in the new dentures. In addition, wearing such dentures with decreased or poor function can impair mastication and lead to harmful effects on the nutritional status of the patients. A rehabilitation device, often called a transitional denture or pre-definitive treatment prosthesis often provides a fine springboard from which to construct the second set of dentures. The present case report describes a method to restore the lost occlusal vertical dimension with a pre-definitive treatment prosthesis using the old complete dentures for a patient for him to adapt to the changes before the fabrication of the new complete dentures.

Disease‐drug‐drug interactions (DDDIs) have been identified in some inflammatory diseases in which elevated proinflammatory cytokines can downregulate the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, potentially increasing systemic exposure to drugs metabolized by CYPs. Following anti‐inflammatory treatments, CYP expression may return to normal, resulting in reduced drug exposure and diminished clinical efficacy. Vedolizumab has a well‐established positive benefit‐risk profile in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and has no known systemic immunosuppressive activity. A stepwise assessment was conducted to evaluate the DDDI potential of vedolizumab to impact exposure to drugs metabolized by CYP3A through cytokine modulation. First, a review of published data revealed that patients with UC or CD have elevated cytokine concentrations relative to healthy subjects; however, these concentrations remained below those reported to impact CYP expression. Exposure to drugs metabolized via CYP3A also appeared comparable between patients and healthy subjects. Second, serum samples from patients with UC or CD who received vedolizumab for 52 weeks were analyzed and compared with healthy subjects. Cytokine concentrations and the 4β‐hydroxycholesterol‐to‐cholesterol ratio, an endogenous CYP3A4 biomarker, were comparable between healthy subjects and patients both before and during vedolizumab treatment. Finally, a medical review of postmarketing DDDI cases related to vedolizumab from the past 6 years was conducted and did not show evidence of any true DDDIs. Our study demonstrated the lack of clinically meaningful effects of disease or vedolizumab treatment on the exposure to drugs metabolized via CYP3A through cytokine modulation in patients with UC or CD.

Generally wireless sensor networks (WSN) are connected via a wireless medium to form a large amount of cooperative sensor nodes. Monitoring control is an important aspect of monitoring users in monitoring applications, such as wireless sensor networks, because of security. There are countless applications to pay for themselves but at the same time, their special properties offer a number of challenges, such as security and surveillance, control, and operation and complex system maintenance. WSN has already seen it on the Internet, from face-to-face security attacks. To propose an Optimal Multilevel Link extend umpiring routing (OML-EUR) based secure routing protocol for improving privacy standard in wireless sensor networks. Secure communication is also important in providing accurate and resource constraints at the sensor node at the moment. In this study, there are three of our contributions. Initially it monitors the neighbor network layer attacks for browsing the WSN on the transmission medium. Followed subscription a link establishment to monitoring the request packets through key transmission of WSN with secure routing protocols. By finding the secure communication as qualities of service verification among the modes to authenticate to transfer. The proposed system produce high secure performance by the result proves energy consumption and communication overhead as higher efficient than previous system.

Introduction: Erandamuladi Kwatha is mentioned in Ayurveda classics as a therapeutic formulation of Basti mainly to treat Trika-prishta Shoola (low back ache). The most common disorder which affects the movement of leg particularly in the productive period of life is low backache. Erandamuladi Kwatha used in Basti contains 15 drugs in which most of the drugs are having Ushna Veerya and are Vatakaphahara in nature. Materials and Methods: Yavakuta Choorna of Erandamuladi Kwatha was evaluated for their pharmacognostic and pharmaceutical analysis. Results and Discussion: Pharmacognostic study showed the presence of contents such as starch grains of Kantakari, rosette crystal of Rasna, pollen grain of Atibala etc. Physico-chemical analysis showed that the loss on drying 7.74%, Ash value 6.78%, Water soluble extract 20.12%, Alcohol soluble extract 4.3%, pH 7.2. Conclusion: From the study, data developed can be espoused for laying down the standards of Erandamuladi Kwatha.

The art of manipulating materials on atomic or molecular scales that give rise to nano sized structures and devices is dynamically pioneered and instituted into the world by the name nanotechnology. The field of nanotechnology has ratified its command and is intensifying quickly with its ongoing work in the design, characterization, synthesis, and application of materials and systems by controlling shape and size at nanometer scale. Towards solving the problem of biology and medicine, many efforts have been focused in the direction of the use of nanostructures. This study starts with the main highlights of the types of Nanoscaffolds, surface modification of these scaffolds, applications of Nanoscaffolds in tissue regrowth and terminates with interaction of cells with scaffolds. We have multiple minds all around globe as a result having different perspectives of using these novel technologies in the domain of medical treatment and diagnosis. However, there are many ethics that arose with any new technology amongst supporters and opponents but now is the time to embrace the changes and not been clung to the old ways. So, let us welcome these novel technologies which pave the way for trimming down much of our problems.

Udupi jasmine cultivation has proven to be a successful viable community-based enterprise (CBE) in coastal Karnataka of India. Jasmine cultivation plays a major role in the socio-economic status of this CBE. This study focuses on exploring the consumers willingness of using e-commerce to buy Udupi jasmine. An e-commerce test web application was built and was demonstrated to consumers. Demographic details, jasmine buying purpose and frequency, online shopping details and willingness of consumers to buy jasmine online was captured. Study showed positive correlation between consumers willingness of using e-commerce to buy jasmine and recommending the e-commerce web application to others. The study validates the e-commerce framework using which the web application was built to market Udupi jasmine which has a Geographical Indication (GI) tag. Hence the study provides new approaches in marketing crops that are specific to a geographical location and presents new direction in the sector of GI based crops.

Hereditary factor plays a major role in the aetiopathogenesis of essential hypertension. Aging and positive family history increase the risk of hypertension. Development of dermatoglyphic patterns are regulated by genetic factors. So, in this study, we made an attempt to study the co-relation between palmar, digital dermatoglyphic patterns in essential hypertensive patients and normal persons in the Puducherry population. 50 patients with essential hypertension who were attending medicine OPD & 50 healthy volunteer controls were taken for the study under the age group of 30-60years. Digital and palmar dermatoglyphic impressions of both hands in cases and controls were taken using the modified Purvis Smith method along with their complete personal details for further analysis. The documents were analyzed using a hand lens for fingertip pattern, “atd” angle, and Sydney(S) line. The study results were found to have significantly increased (p=0.018) in loop patterns in (R) hand and insignificant (p=0.056) in (L) hand of cases compared to controls. Arch patterns were significantly higher in (R) (p=0.030)& (L) (p=0.000) hands of cases then controls. Whorls patterns were found to be significantly higher in (R) & (L) hands of controls (p=0.001). Mean ‘atd’ angle was significantly increased (p=0.000, p=0.020) in both hands of cases. Presence of Sydney line was seen rarely & equally in cases and controls. Increased frequency of loops & arches pattern with increased ‘atd’ Angle can be used as an external marker in early detection of hypertension and to plan for effective preventive strategies in the Puducherry population. Keywords: Fingertip patterns, atd angle, Sydney line, Essential hypertension.

A 45-year-old multiparous female was admitted 1 week back in Bapuji hospital attached to J J M medical college in view of iron deficiency anaemia and had underwent 3 pints of blood transfusion and was discharged with haematinics. Now after 5 days patient noted purpura and ecchymosis over her all four limbs which has increased from past 2 days. Patient also noticed epistaxis, subconjunctival haemorrhage in the last 1 day which brought her to Bapuji hospital in November 2019. Patient had no history of fever, bleeding per rectum, melena, joint pains, headache, blurring of vision, loss of consciousness, seizures. No past history of bleeding manifestations, blood transfusions and medications altering haemostasis in the family. Complete hemogram showed Hb : 11.1 g/dl, total count: 7210 cells/cumm, platelet count: 22000 cells/cumm. Peripheral smear showed normocytic normochromic anaemia with severe thrombocytopenia. LFT showed serum bilirubin: 2.5 mg/dl, indirect bilirubin: 1.9 mg/dl with normal liver enzymes. Coagulation profile and fever profile was done to rule out other causes of thrombocytopenia and was found to be normal. Serum LDH levels were 856 u/l. Direct and indirect coombs test is negative. ANA was negative. USG abdomen shows no splenomegaly. Patient was transfused with 4 pints of platelets and repeat platelet count after 12 hours shows 19000 cells/cumm. This clinical picture with bleeding manifestation with history of blood transfusion suggested post transfusion purpura, patient was transfused with aphaeretic blood and iv immunoglobulins at 500 mg/kg/day for 5 days and corticosteroid prednisolone was given at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight. Patient platelet count improved significantly to 72,000 cells/cumm on 3rd day of admission. Patient did not have further bleeding manifestation. Patient’s platelet count improved to 1.60 lakhs/cumm at the time of discharge. Patient couldn’t get anti platelet antibodies and HPA genotyping due to financial constraints.

Udupi jasmine cultivation plays an important role towards economic and social growth for the jasmine growing community-based enterprise of coastal Karnataka, India. It helps in promoting rural livelihoods, food security and poverty reduction. Due to the significant socio-economic impact of jasmine cultivation, the promotion and marketing of jasmine is inevitable for the sustenance of this community-based enterprise This study aims in developing an e-commerce framework for strategic marketing and promotion of Udupi jasmine. Study found that the benefits of e-business was nowhere applied in the existing system. As Udupi jasmine is a unique crop with a geographical indication tag (GI), regular agricultural framework cannot not be directly used. The research intents to persuade utilization of customized e-commerce framework for jasmine considering the existing crude system. This will reinforce the socio-economic growth of this communitybased enterprise as there will be a well-organized circulation of agricultural products on a larger scale.

Today's power system comprises of conventional as well as non-conventional renewable sources like wind, solar etc. The integration of these renewable energy sources has resulted in a reduced inertia of the grid, which causes the frequency instability in the system. A novel controller whose functioning is similar to that of a synchronous generator has been designed. This controller is capable of extracting the kinetic energy stored in the blades of the wind turbine and maintain the required amount of inertia in the power grid as a result the frequency deviation problems are reduced. The enhancement in performance of the system in presence of this novel controller is tested under different cases such as sudden increase/decrease in large loads, faults etc.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetically inherited chronic disease that causes the production of a thick and sticky mucus primarily in the lungs. The condition tends to become worse over time. Clogged lungs and other internal organs result in breathing issues, susceptibility to infections, digestive problems, and lack of nutrition. CF is an autosomal recessive disease, indicating that an individual must inherit two copies of the defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, which then encodes for a malfunctioning CFTR protein. Because of the large number of CF patients that cannot be treated with these CFTR modulators, using gene editing to directly target the mutation can be more effective and efficient in treating cystic fibrosis. In this paper, we will discuss the promises and limitations for using gene editing as a treatment for CF.

This paper shows a charging scheme for electric vehicles that would be faster, effective, and reliable than the existing system. This work proposed the method of changing the current parameters at discrete intervals dependent on the battery’s using the five-level battery charging method. To validate the results and design technique, the proposed work is executed by Matrix Laboratory, the obtained output results were extremely gratifying. Further motivated to build a practical working model and verify it with the obtained software values. Both the results were convincing and confirmed to be much faster than the existing schemes.

Background and Objectives The safety of inflammatory bowel disease medications during lactation is of significant relevance to women of childbearing potential. Available data regarding the transfer of biologic agents for inflammatory bowel disease via breast milk are limited to case reports. The objective of this prospective postmarketing lactation study was to assess vedolizumab concentrations in breast milk from lactating vedolizumab-treated women with inflammatory bowel disease. Methods Breast milk was serially collected throughout the dosing interval from 11 patients receiving established intravenous vedolizumab 300-mg maintenance therapy every 8, 6, or 4 weeks. Maternal safety was also assessed. Results Vedolizumab was detectable in ~90% of milk samples collected from all patients. Following the day 1 dose, vedolizumab milk concentrations increased with a median of 3–4 days to peak concentration, and subsequently decreased exponentially. For the nine patients receiving vedolizumab every 8 weeks, the average relative infant dose was 20.9%. Using a mean trough serum concentration of 11.2 µg/mL from historical studies, the ratio of mean vedolizumab milk-to-serum concentration was ~ 0.4 to 2.2%, consistent with published data on vedolizumab and other monoclonal antibody therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease. The maternal safety profile was similar to that observed in previous vedolizumab studies. Published vedolizumab studies also showed no adverse findings for infants breastfed by vedolizumab-treated mothers. Conclusions Vedolizumab was present in human breast milk at a low level. The decision to use vedolizumab should balance the benefit of therapy to the mother and the potential risks to the infant. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02559713; registered 24 September, 2015.

Detection of tuberculosis at the point-of-care (POC) is limited by the low sensitivity of current commercially available tests. We describe a diagnostic accuracy field evaluation of a prototype urine Tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan Lateral Flow Assay (TB-LAM LFA) in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients using fresh samples with sensitivity and specificity as the measures of accuracy. This prototype combines a proprietary concentration system with a sensitive LFA. In a prospective study of 292 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda, the clinical sensitivity and specificity was compared against a microbiological reference standard including sputum Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and solid and liquid culture. TB-LAM LFA had an overall sensitivity of 60% (95%CI 51–69%) and specificity of 80% (95%CI 73–85%). When comparing HIV-positive (N = 86) and HIV-negative (N = 206) patients, there was no significant difference in sensitivity (sensitivity difference 8%, 95%CI -11% to +24%, p = 0.4351) or specificity (specificity difference -9%, 95%CI -24% to +4%, p = 0.2051). Compared to the commercially available Alere Determine TB-LAM Ag test, the TB-LAM LFA prototype had improved sensitivity in both HIV-negative (difference 49%, 95%CI 37% to 59%, p200cells/μL (difference 59%, 95%CI 32% to 75%, p = 0.0009). This report is the first to show improved performance of a urine TB LAM test for HIV-negative patients in a high TB burden setting. We also offer potential assay refinement solutions that may further improve sensitivity and specificity.

The validation of documents such as recognition of optical character, the sign which is written by hand are the main drawbacks involved in the identification of human and their addresses, codes of the post written on the envelops, manuscript evaluation, understanding the transactions of money and documents of the bank that are written in the English language. The conceptual model was written by hand for the real-time application that deals with the handwritten identification enables a comprehensive computerized system to identify the data written by hand which is more efficient and is free from noise. The proposed framework consists of filters based on Probabilistic Patch (PPB), identification, and analysis of the Canny edge. With the application of a Probabilistic Patch-based filter, the recursive speckle noise and additive Gaussian noise are processed. The words in the document are obtained by using the structure of Lifting transformation, the edges of the word are identified with help of Canny edge recognition. At last, the database validates the text as correct or incorrect. With the application of the Embedded Development Kit (EDK) and Software Development Kit (SDK), the entire framework is developed. The hardware used is in this work is Virtex-5 FPGA board which is the integration of SDK and EDK with XC5VLX50T as the part name.

With the rapid amount of data being generated, circulated and reused over the internet. Image processing is one of the major fields in which an application like ‘LBIQ’ would be able to query an image and process it for various variables that can be extracted out of it and the extracted values can be used to improve the quality of service given in any business to consumer given field ‘LBIQ’ is configured in a way so that it can be optimized for commercial use. It mainly uses a raspberry pi for monitoring a live feed and further particular attribute values can be obtained to process continuous feed results. ‘LBIQ’ also acts as an object search engine for searching content or processing out an object from the image. All these objectives can be merely achieved through the use of trained set of images and objects. An LBIQ takes into account only a single input that is an image and is able to give out a set of attributes which can be further processed for convenience of service.

Nocardiosis is a rare opportunistic infection caused by an aerobic actinomycete, producing either local or disseminated disease. It is a systemic infection that usually begins in the lungs and has high predilection for brain, skin and subcutaneous tissues. It commonly affects solid organ transplant recipients on immunosuppressive drugs. The incidence of nocardiosis in solid organ transplant recipients is about 0.6%. In India, nocardiosis was reported in 1.4% of renal transplant recipients. We report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in a postrenal transplant recipient. Patient presented with features suggestive of pneumonia not responding to antibiotics. Initial sputum gram stain and AFB was negative. Chest radiograph showed right parahilar non-homogenous opacity, and CT chest revealed right parahilar, and subcarinal adenopathy. Bronchoscopy was done which showed purulent secretion from right 6th bronchial segment and AFB stain of broncho alveolar lavage fluid, showed weak acid fast filamentous bacteria, suggestive of nocardiosis. Patient was treated with antibiotics imipenem and co-trimoxazole. Patient responded well to treatment and pneumonia was resolved.

Jasmine growing community in coastal Karnataka of India is a successful viable community-based enterprise. For this community despite having other sources of income, jasmine cultivation has provided them with a sustained regular income. It safeguards them against poverty even if their other sources of income diminish. This study explores the areas in this community-based enterprise where information and communication technology (ICT) can be integrated. Thus, focus of the study was to visualize how this community-based enterprise works, understand the challenges faced and to provide possible ICT solution to overcome these challenges. ICT awareness among the growers and agents involved in the supply chain was also captured. Willingness of accepting ICT among the agents was analyzed using logistic regression and K-NN classifier machine learning models. Study showed a significant socio-economic impact of jasmine production on growers. To overcome the challenges faced, ICT solutions are proposed in place of current crude system.

The study assesses the potential for an intervention of m-commerce in the fisher women retailer community of coastal Karnataka region of India. The study was conducted using primary data with a sample size of 383 fisher women across 26 markets in Udupi, Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka, who are engaged in fishing practices. This study analyses m-commerce adoption and digital literacy among fisher woman retailers. Study identifies an insight into the degree of acceptance, zeal to learn and willingness to experiment technology change and shift in the trade practices with a digital platform. The result, using binary logistic regression also identifies variation of significant variable and behaviour of the population across 3 districts. The present study provides the basis for further research to build m-commerce model for the fish retailers in coastal Karnataka

The present work focus to the design and development of digital combustion instrument for synthesis of nanoparticles by laser combustion method. This instrument is capable of controlling the synthesis just by giving digital i/p (input), we can prepare more sample of linearly varying different physical variables with digital accuracy and it consume less time and power, sample prepared with this instrument can also be further characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The shape evolution and size of the formed silver nanoparticles was studied using transmission electron microscope. The captured images shown the formed particle were spherical in shape, surface morphology, and diameter in the AgNPs its range from 10 to 20 nm. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2019.43.159166 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

Introduction: School absenteeism is an important issue, which affects educational achievement and also results in false estimation of the prevalence of disease in school programs. This study was carried out to estimate the magnitude and its causes and its relation to school absenteeism. Objectives: 1. To study the medical causes & social factors affecting school absenteeism. 2. To know the effect of school absenteeism on scholastic performance. Method: It is a cross sectional study done in randomly selected in the age five to fifteen years. The study sample included 754 children. Socio-demographic profile and pre-designed questionnaires as well as school records were obtained. The marks cards of the entire year where taken to assess the scholastic performance. Significant absenteeism was taken when absenteeism was more than 15 percent. Results: The incidence of school absenteeism was 3.1 percent .Increased incidence was found in children aged 11 to 14 years. There is increased incidence of absenteeism seen in male with the increase in the birth order and family size, with low education status of the parents and in Hindu religion. Majority of the school children were anemic. Illness is the most important cause of school absenteeism. Poor academic performance is significantly associated with incidence of absenteeism. Conclusion: Illness constituted the major reason of absenteeism. School absenteeism had positive correlation with the academic performance of the students.

Background: Shampakadi kwatha is mentioned in Ayurvedic classics as a therapeutic formulation of Basti to treat Musculo-skeletal diseases like Katishool (Lumbar spondylosis). Back pain is the most common ailment in today’s busy life. Majority of us have experienced one or more episodes of back pain in our lives and many of us live with chronic symptoms. Incidences of low back pain affects 60-85% in adults and lumbar Spondylosis is responsible for about 10% of all back pain. Shampakadi kwatha contains Aragvadha (Cassia fistula Linn.), Eranda (Ricinus communis.Linn), Punarnava (Boerhavi diffusa Linn) etc. which have Shoolaghna and Vatahara property. Method: Shampakadi kwatha powder was evaluated for their pharmacognostic and pharmaceutical analysis. Results: Microscopic characters were found of all the contents of Shampakadi kwatha. Results obtained in pharmaceutical parameters of Shampakadi kwatha powder like loss on drying 12.18%, Ash value 9.06%, Alcohol soluble extract 62.15% w/v etc. HPTLC profile of Shampakadi kwatha powder showed similarities in number of spots. Conclusion: From the study, data developed can be espoused for laying down the standards for Shampakadi kwatha. Keywords: HPTLC, Pharmacognostical, Pharmaceutical analysis, Shampakadi Kwatha

Vegetable cultivation is an awesome business in India, however it is difficult to judge how they are safe for human consumption as farmers spray large amount of pesticides which not only increases the cost of cultivation but also leaves residual toxicity in vegetables. To address these challenges, protected cultivation technology i.e., poly house, shade net, micro tunnel etc., have been globally accepted in horticultural sector and there is a scope for economic viability of tomato and capsicum under shade net for profitable agriculture. The present study was conducted during 2016-17 to analyse the economic viability of vegetable production under protected cultivation the Kolar, Malur and Mulbagal taluks of Kolar district of Karnataka by involving 80 vegetable growers. The viability of investment in the Shade net for cultivation of capsicum and tomato were analyzed by using project analysis parameters such as Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PBP).The Cash flow analysis was calculated based on estimated expenditure and returns for both capsicum and tomato crops over the 15 years for analyzing the economic viability. The study highlighted that Investment on shade net for capsicum (BCR=1.69:1) cultivation is more profitable than tomato (BCR=1.48:1). The fixed costs for cultivation of both the crops capsicum and tomato under shade net were found to be same. The labour cost for capsicum (Rs.59, 493) cultivation was nearly equal to tomato (Rs.59, 181) cultivation under shade net in an one acre area. The variation in gross income and net income of both the crops was mainly due to stable price in market for capsicum as compared to tomato. Finally concluded that capsicum crop is more economical than tomato under shade net which create pathway for continues profitability as well as sustainability of agriculture.

From Past decades, student performance is considered as an important factor for most of the educational institutions. The performance is evaluated based on various factors that plays a crucial part in the student career. In the recent years, students’ performance prediction has become a significant challenge for all the institutions. Modern day educational institutions have adopted continuous evaluation to improve the performance. In the recent years, Neural Networks is used for predictions, which provides better results when compared to the classifiers. The data used for performance prediction will consists of the number of hours the student has spent for studying, his involvement in the academic activities and other contribution factors. These factors will play a crucial role in predicting the performance of the students. Thus, Neural Networks play a key role in predicting the students’ performance. In particular, this paper uses Convolutional Neural Networks to predict the performance.

Background: Arthroscopic capsular release has been shown to provide excellent short- and long-term outcomes in patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder. Some surgeons delay surgery in the belief that operating in the early stages of adhesive capsulitis results in a poorer prognosis. However, it is unclear which factors, particularly the stage of the disorder, affect the surgical outcome of this procedure. Hypothesis: Patients who undergo capsular release during the early symptomatic stage of idiopathic adhesive capsulitis would have less improvement in range of motion compared with those who undergo surgery at a later stage. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 189 shoulders with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis that underwent arthroscopic capsular release were evaluated. All patients completed a L’Insalata questionnaire and had their range of motion and strength tested prior to surgery and at 1, 6, and 12 weeks and 6 months post–capsular release. Post hoc, patients were grouped by whether they had symptoms lasting Results: Patients in the shorter symptoms group were more restricted prior to surgery than were those in the longer symptoms group (mean ± SEM: external rotation, 17° ± 2° vs 27° ± 4° [ P = .04]; abduction, 78° ± 3° vs 92° ± 6° [ P = .04]; internal rotation, S3 ± 1 vs S1 ± 1 [ P = .03]). The shorter symptoms group had greater postoperative improvement in internal rotation (from S3 ± 1 preoperatively to T12 ± 1 vertebral levels) compared with the longer symptoms cohort (from S1 ± 1 to L2 ± 1) ( P = .02). Conclusion: Patients with a frozen shoulder and a duration of symptoms

The dataset describes the survey data on current adoption practices, readiness and willingness amongst woman fish vendors (WFVs) towards the adoption of m-commerce in Coastal Karnataka region, India. The coastal Karnataka belt houses three districts viz. Udupi, Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada. Primary data is retrieved from 383 WFVs who serve 26 markets in the districts mentioned above. The dataset comprises of demographic details of the respondents like age, education, per-day sales etc. and specific responses to the items measuring their current adoption practices, as well as readiness and willingness to use m-commerce in their day to day business activities. Availability of this data will help researchers, policy makers and social entrepreneurs to determine optimal strategies towards efficient adoption of m-commerce models amongst small vendors in similar emerging markets thereby increasing their income levels. Keywords: m-Commerce, Fisheries, Entry barriers, Economic development

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in males in the United States (U.S.). In the United States, an estimated 191,930 new cases will be diagnosed in 2020, resulting in 33,330 deaths, representing 10.4% of all cancer-related deaths in men in the U.S. Over the past decade, preclinical studies have demonstrated that androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a principal driver of prostate cancer, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been a mainstay in the treatment of PC. Although most PCs are initially sensitive to ADT, the duration of response is variable, and relapse invariably occurs in the transition to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) the most lethal form of the disease. A significant proportion of mCRPCs exhibit alteration (amplification and mutation) of the AR gene. Notably, localized castration sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) rarely demonstrates alterations of AR. This observation indicates that the alteration of AR likely results from exposure to systemic therapies rather than acting as a driver from primary CSPC to more aggressive disease. For mCRPC patients, many initially respond to second-line AR inhibitors (eg. enzalutamide and abiraterone) or docetaxel-based chemotherapy, however durable responses are rare. Therefore, it is vital to investigate additional therapeutic strategies to delay or prevent the transition of CSPC to mCRPC. Earlier studies showed that the survival of malignant cells after anti-cancer therapies could be due to increase expression in anti-apoptotic proteins, such as the Bcl-2 family of proteins. In our current study, we observed that treatment with androgen inhibits but AR inhibitors (eg enzalutamide, apalutamide) restore Bcl2 expression in human CSPC cell lines indicating possible direct negative-regulation of the Bcl2 by the AR-signaling pathway. Experimentally we also showed that overexpression of BCL2 in human CSPC cells acts as an early mediator of ADT resistance in CSPC. Cell growth assays showed an overall strong additive effect on growth inhibition with enzalutamide in-combination with the Bcl-2 inhibitor (venetoclax) on human CSPC cells. Our in-vivo isograft tumor growth results were consistent with the in-vitro data where we observed a significant decrease in tumor volume and an increase of overall survival when mice treated with enzalutamide and venetoclax in combination as compared to either of the drugs when treated alone. Our current study for the first time develops a rationale for combining ADT with Bcl2 targeted therapies for CSPC. We believe this combination will show great potential for future clinical trials of high-risk CSPC patients and may block or delay the ADT-induced shift from CSPC to mCRPC. Citation Format: Rahim Hirani, Subhiksha Nandakumar, Teja Kalidindi, Deborah Fidele, Harisha Rajanala, Ying Mazzu, Yuki Yoshikawa, Lina Jehane, Gwo-Shu Mary Lee, Elisa de Stanchina, Adam Sowalsky, Michael J. Morris, Heiko Schoder, Naga Vara Kishore Pillarsetty, Lorelei A. Mucci, Daniel Danila, Goutam Chakraborty, Philip W. Kantoff. Bcl-2 inhibitor enhances anti-androgen therapy induced regression of castration sensitive prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 979.