Search

AIM To examine the interconnection between the rise of modern industrial agriculture, the Anthropocene epoch, and impacts on human health. To examine the impact of the emerging field of regenerative agriculture in addressing the mounting negative planetary and human health challenges. METHODS Structured interviews in social research for a PhD with over 80 regenerative farmers and industrial farmers in the field; and subsequent interviews with 40 other farmers. Literature search into the rise of modern human and animal diseases, the Anthropocene, and cognitive and paradigm change. RESULTS As Earth slips further into the human-caused Anthropocene epoch due to The Great Acceleration post-1950, there is a directly connected exponential rise in modern human diseases. Despite the emergence of Western agriculture and modern industrial society, our bodies are still adapted to the environment of our Palaeolithic past. Industrial agriculture and harmful agricultural practices are stripping essential nutrients from our foods while also lacing them with novel chemicals we are not adapted for. Consequently, the functioning of our gut microbiome has become destabilised. Evidence continues to mount that this is a key reason behind the exponential rise of many modern diseases. CONCLUSION To address what constitute evolutionary mismatch diseases due to cultural Dysevolution, a return to healthy regenerative agriculture, with foods rich in diverse nutrients and free of novel chemicals, provides a clear pathway to begin healing both the planetary systems and humans.

China’s position as one of the most powerful nations in the world is undisputed. However, in an evolving landscape, China’s utilisation of a path-dependent business system may hinder the ability of the country’s institutions to undergo necessary change, which will have important implications for international business literature. Through business system theory, empirical evidence and a mixed methods approach, we discuss China’s business system explaining how the system may impair sustainable growth and the transformation required by a less dependent industrial society. Our research suggests that the Chinese business system is still very arrested due to its recent past, and the Chinese Communist Party has only partial interest in improving some of the most important bases for the development of modern enterprises, even if fostering a somewhat liberal economic approach. Since similar political (authoritarian) and economic (liberal) approaches are found elsewhere, we theorise on what we called an authoriliberal economic approach.

At present, government governance reflects that the new public management plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the social participation of democratic individuals, stimulating the vitality of the society, as well as improving the equal consultation between citizens and governments under the guidance of the governance spirit. Especially in the process of transformation of the industrial society, significant changes have taken place in government governance modes. The government plays important roles in the democratic society to form clear theoretical frameworks in view of their understanding towards the modernization of government governance. With significant development of information technology, existing modes of social and economic developments had transformed in addition to profound social changes. These developments would affect the research on government governance. In the perspective of government governance, it is of great significance to explore its role in the influence towards tax compliance especially under the current system and mechanism to create an excellent tax compliance spirit. From existing research, the main aspects used in measuring government governance are the openness of government affairs, social justice, and individuals’ understanding of the tax law. With existing research, 201 survey questionnaires of the subjects, validity analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and other methods, this study made bold assumptions on the relationship between government governance and tax compliance. The conclusion in which government governance, measured in terms of government affairs, degree of social justice, and personal understanding of the tax law would influence taxpayers’ tax compliance in terms of their consciousness towards tax compliance. At present time, the study of government governance and taxpayers’ tax compliance has practical significance and application value. This study would provide an opportunity for citizens to have a preliminary understanding of overall tax compliance and maintain the spirit of tax compliance from an individual’s subjective consciousness in addition to providing suggestions to improve government governance for promoting tax compliance.

The burning of 5G sites across the UK in April 2020 has shocked the scientific and industrial society in the UK. The UK's mobile networks have reported 20 cases of masts being targeted in suspected arson attacks over the Easter weekend [1]. The attacks have been driven by conspiracy theories, which claim that the deployment of 5G networks has caused or helped accelerating the spread of COVID-19. But scientists say the connection between COVID-19 and 5G is a "complete nonsense" and biologically impossible. This article discusses the claims about 5G technology and its link to COVID-19 and will make a conclusion whether conspiracy theories have any ground. Our fact checking investigation lead to the conclusion that any claims connecting this technology to the pandemic are false. Inversely, the huge capabilities offered by 5G especially with IoT and AI that could be used to revolutionize the healthcare sector by providing better assistance to the frontline staff, and facilitating improved virus tracking, patient monitoring, data collection, and analysis.

The context of the crisis of higher education caused by the transition of modern society to the Second Modern is analyzed in the article. It is emphasized that there is a change in kinds and types of work in the information society, so the education system is forced to adapt to a flexible employment system, it puts forward new requirements for universities and the qualifications of their graduates. Two approaches to overcoming the crisis are being formed in response to the crisis of higher education and the demand for time for the constant renewal of education systems. On one hand, in the context of anticipation of the "university death" or its "destruction", researchers reconsider the "idea of the university", focus on changing its mission, suggest new models, flexible trajectories for education and more. In particular, the adaptation processes in universities, their creative response to today's challenges, the emergence of extracurricular educational services, platforms, courses and the development of the idea of continuing education, hustle culture, trend of soft skills and self-improvement. On the other hand, it is shown that despite the requirement of postmodernity, which is to find diversity, flexibility, creative solutions, there are parallel processes of unification of the educational system, ratings, that reflect the industrial society, with its purpose of forming a managed workforce. The functions of primary, secondary, and tertiary education in the universities` purposes are revealed in the article. The connection between tertiary education, the possibility of making mistakes and the role of fallibilism in modern education is traced. It turns the university into a laboratory of social and personal nanotechnologies, where the applicant learns his/her own uniqueness and in a process acquires plasticity of thinking and functions that are needed for future social nodes. In the article it was hypothesized that universities are moving towards education without regulated learning, when students gain experience of plastic thinking, creating their own new routes in the information chaos, to connect the elements in a certain way for understanding the structure. Learning is directed towards post-anthropocentrism, when it does not matter which network is learning, and universities become models of models.

This paper examines our understanding of climate change, as well as the reluctance of industrial societies to deal with the drivers, especially the burning of the fossil fuels, before the future consequences become catastrophic. We describe how the energy balance of the Earth, oceans, land and Arctic sea ice are maintained, and how climate is warming and changing with increases in the three most important greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, water vapor from evaporation off a warmer ocean, and methane from several sources. We discuss the Earth's water cycle and the role of evaporation, latent heat and condensation in driving storms, transporting energy poleward and giving increasing precipitation extremes, floods, droughts and fires. We review the increasing challenge of meeting human demand for water as water tables are falling globally from increased pumping, and winter snowpack storage is shrinking. We discuss rising sea level, the challenges of long-term carbon storage and the lessons from the past four ice age cycles. The text is written for scientific and public audiences, both global and in the US, so metric and US units are given. The social, moral and ethical choices are mapped by contrasting the Earth-centered indigenous worldview needed for our survival with the industrial mindset that is willing to destroy a stable climate to keep the profits of the current economy growing. We review the long history of the misuse of human power, the rise of science and technology without a guiding moral framework, and how neoliberal capitalism by default makes choices that are driving rapid climate change. We outline how deceit by the matrix of corporations and fossil fuel interests that we call the Fossil Empire has prevented government regulation for decades and accelerated the climate crisis.

The article reveals the evolution of human resource management concept. It consists of 5 stages: prehistory of human resource management in ancient times (before 1800); the formation of class structure of industrial society (1800-1920); establishment of the International Labour Organization and adoption of international labour standards (1920-1980); theoretical evidence and further development of the human resources management concept (1980-2000); Intellectual capital and strategic human resource management (since 2000). The article discloses the main factors that had influenced the emergence and expansion of the human resource management concept.

The essence of D.Bell’s understanding of post-industrial society is analyzed. It turned out that the scientist understood it as an "analytical construction", and not a characteristic of a particular society, focusing on the main factor of this society, which determines its radical differences from the industrial society, namely, the large-scale growth of "intellectual technology". It is noted that the scientist distinguishes eleven important features of a new society, five of which are closely related to science and knowledge. The rest – with the dissemination of information, the development of information technologies and their impact on the political sphere of society. Interesting are the thinker’s opinions on political power in the future society, in particular about the "merivocracy", the transition from representative democracy to "democracy of participation", the place and role of a democratically minded politician in the political processes of the information age. Now the focus is on threats associated with the use of sophisticated information technology and general control over information that can be poured out by abuse, from hiding information to illegal or false disclosure. Therefore, institutional restrictions in the field of information are needed. It is summed up that industrial society is consideredD.Bell mainly through the prism of its main advantages: the innovative nature of production, the growing role of knowledge as a strategic resource of development and knowledge carriers as a leading stratum of society, its transformation into a "collective good", subordination of economic social and cultural.

Introduction. The global structure of economy and business has been changing. New technologies and innovations occurred replacing or minimizing the role of old once. A number of traditional companies and industries must adopt new emerging technologies in order to survive on the international market. Moving from industrial society to Industry 4.0 society a few critical transformations should be taken into account. If it is understandable that innovations and technologies can benefit the whole economy and society in many ways, it is important to analyze what are the external factors that accelerate the development of innovative startups and technologies to boost the growth, development and welfare of societies and economies. Aim and tasks. The purpose of this article is to assess the development of startups and technology based companies in a number of European countries and to identify a group of countries that has the most favorable environment for startups and technology proliferations. Results. The findings of the research revealed that the most favorable countries for startup and technology-based companies’ creation are Scandinavian and Western European countries, the least ones – mainly Balkans. The findings claim that macroeconomic stability and skills (broaden concept is human capital) are the most important factors influencing the creation and adoption of startups and technology-based companies. Meanwhile the national market size is the least important factor. Conclusions. The conducted research presents that the most favorable countries for innovative startups and tech-based companies are mainly Scandinavian and Western European countries. It is important to notice that Scandinavian countries have exceptionally leading the list in this field. As analysis showed, macroeconomic stability and skills (to a broader concept human capital) are the most significant factors for technologies and innovations to occur. Finally, the market size seems to be the least important factor for technology and innovative startup development. It can be explained that startups and technologies by its nature are scalable businesses those market is entire globe.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the reasons for the deterioration of the environmental situation in Ukraine related to trade in forest materials. Periodic floods occur due to disregard for the need to preserve forests. In the first half of the 19th century, the Russian Empire offered raw materials for import and export, including timber and products of primary wood processing from state forests. Executive institutions monitored the increase in sources of tax revenues to the treasury. Taxes were levied on both business activities related to timber trade, and primary and secondary processing. At the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries, the development of the Black Sea Fleet remained a matter of national importance, for the needs of which huge areas of oak and pine forests were allocated in the Kyiv province. Local governments immediately complied with imperial instructions regarding the army, provincial and county administrations, providing their needs. The priority for the authorities was to provide the military with weapons, transport, and heating. There were cases of neglect of the local populations’ interests, whose needs were opposed by the military and the administration. Private initiative concerning forests as a source of income often led to mass felling of heating, energy raw materials for distilleries and sugar factories. The newest industries at that time brought superprofits, which resulted not only in the emergence of new social classes and industrial relations, the foundations of the Ukrainian national consciousness, but also a change in attitudes toward Mother Nature. The formation of industrial society was due to the slow growth of welfare of employees, and the accelerated disappearance of age-old forests.

In the development of the global economic system, the cumulative knowledge from past to present is of great importance. This knowledge produced by social life offers creative individuals and groups an opportunity to produce new meanings, values, contents and a source of inspiration. The influence of creative sectors in the urban life and socio-economic climate built by the industrial society created by the industrial revolution has started to increase in recent years. In the current industrial economic organization style, together with entrepreneurship, the creativity based on knowledge and technology have been added nowadays, to the land, labor and capital required for production. However, worldwide studies focus on the beneficial aspects of creative economies. There are not many studies in the literature on the past and future problems and development of the creative sector from a long-term historical perspective. In this context, it is necessary to reveal the relational ties of creative sectors with other fields; how they are positioned in national economies and how they will be analyzed. In this framework, the study aims to determine the position of the creative economy in the general economy by using the studies in the literature, to reveal the relational ties of the creative sectors with other actors, to identify the challenges in the sector, and to reveal the policy implications in creative industries. As a result of the study, it has been observed that the creative sectors are nested cellularly in all sectors of the general economy, from tourism to the automotive sector, from urban life to social networks, due to the internet, information communication technologies and digital applications. Since the outputs of the creative economy are based on the intellectual property rather than physical products, it has been determined that problems arise in the financing, accounting of services and contents introduced in this field, and measurement of the products at international standards. In addition, it has been observed that the time perception in creative sectors and the time perception of the industrial economic system differ from each other. Another important finding obtained as a result of the research is that creative economies create class differences in urban spaces and cause social segregation.

The world of information is mediated by digital technologies, and the growing influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on society, through its involvement in everyday life, is likely to present issues with lasting consequences. In the context of improving community well-being using AI, the knowledge, insights, and impressions or analysis required for activating such improvement necessitate a frame of reference. This frame needs to take into account how well-being is understood within the current paradigm of technological innovation as a driver of economic growth. The evaluation of well-being, often defined as an individual’s cognitive and affective assessment of life, takes into account emotional reaction to events based on how satisfaction and fulfillment are discerned. It is a dynamic concept that involves subjective, social, and psychological dimensions, along with a state of being where human needs are met and one can act meaningfully, thus highlighting a relational element underlying social and community well-being. Transitions from a predominantly industrial society towards one that is information-led demand a strategic social design for AI. This article evaluates how well-being is understood within the current paradigm to offer a framework for leveraging AI for community well-being.

An approach to the process of forming a digital ecosystem in industry in the context of digitalization has been presented. The aim of the study is to develop recommendations on the formation of a digital ecosystem of industrial cooperation based on the use of the technical capabilities of digital platforms in the context of the expansion of the digital industry. The result of the study is a digital ecosystem based on the theory of a new industrial society. The article emphasizes that advantage of reindustrialization for industry is to use a digital platform and to work with big data. The generated results will contribute to scientific research aimed at implementing digital transformation programs for industrial enterprises.

The twentieth century has witnessed a tremendous shift in the practice of art, relying on experimentation with rawness, where the material has shifted from being a physical medium to being a concept in itself, thus giving modern art innovative lessons in freedom from traditional materials and utilizing new materials that the artist can formulate in an art form of creativity and modernity to free from all that is traditional and look for unfamiliar alternatives to open new horizons in the field of artistic creativity and innovation. Paper is a natural raw material that has special qualities that open for free and wide for expression and may allow the artist when trying to form new artistic dimensions contribute to making the artistic activity more innovative occurs in the detection of the formulations and technological processors contribute in the field of formation in general and formation on themannequin in a special capacity for this the researcher used paper dough and employed them because of its values The composition, aesthetics and rhythms of different to obtain designs that support the environment and fall under the term sustainable environmental development and thus can convert waste that poses a danger to the industrial society from visual pollution and health degradation to artistic works contribute to the development of the sense of aesthetic and behavioral values in society, in addition to the researcher's aspiration to get out of the ordinary and provoke the innovative creative addition in the field of formation on the mannequin hence the problem of research in answering the following questions: What is the possibility of preparing clothing designs that carryvalues using paper dough? What techniques are required to form and design paper dough on themannequin? The success of the proposed designs from the point of view of specialists? Objectives: find modern experimental approaches through paper dough and the possibility of using them in the field of design onthe mannequin through: Producing designs of a special nature using paper dough that is unique and unique. Research methodology: descriptive, and experimental methods. The results have shown: It is possible to use paper dough in the formation on the Manican from the point of view of specialists, where it was found that all the designs have obtained a proper level with averages ranging from (3:2.70), and all designs and supplements are considered executable and the order of designs

Summary Post-modern societies are characterized by information-based functions that generate the anthropogenic stimuli (as opposed to the industrial society of energy processing and the traditional society whose activities are related to the production of natural crops). Hence, life in the information overload becomes a tiresome daily reality, from which only a very few may escape. These escapers might be regarded as consumers of the new type of ‘luxury goods’ such as: silence experiencing and positively valorized solitude allowing deeper insight into oneself. The polar regions provide an opportunity to withdraw from the anthropogenic noise of the civilization. I do believe that it is one of the most significant drivers of the increasing popularity of traveling to these regions of the world.

As one of the logical consequences of the transformation process from agricultural to industrial societies, human activities contribute some pressures to our environment, especially air quality. Kalimantan Island, as the third-largest island on Earth, expected to be the world’s lungs, transboundary massive haze problems frequently occurred on this island, especially between 2011-2015. Since the fire forest started from the Indonesia side of this island, reliable information about air quality in Kalimantan-Indonesia and environmental education’s urgency toward this result becomes essential to explore. Air Quality Index (AQI) is measured by a passive sampling method with SO2 dan NO2 as pollutants’ parameters. These two parameters are recognized as a valid measurement of air pollutants, strongly affect human health, and are understandable by ordinary citizens, especially middle school level students. AQI reached 94.27, which is categorized as a good-quality index. Among the provinces, the highest AQI was reached by East and North Kalimantan with 97.63, while South Kalimantan has the lowest with 91.41. Furthermore, the NO2 parameter contributed much larger than SO2 parameters in all provinces. AQI Kalimantan tends to increase, although South Kalimantan tended to have a lower air quality index than other provinces from year to year. This result drives comprehensive support from the education sector to build environmental understanding. From an educational perspective, this result shows the urgency of enhancing science education with air quality discussion. We suggest a possible enhancement in substance and its transformation section and the Science-Environment-Technology-Society section in Science for Junior and Senior High School. The procedure of AQI measurement and the urgency of maintaining AQI are needed to be integrated into the science curriculum.

The airport networks need large amounts of public funds. In addition, the airport network is supported by one of the main economic activities in modern industrial societies: transfer and movement of goods and passengers. Today, the airports need pavement network management and maintenance alone is no longer of any use. The purpose of this study is to provide a method to prioritize restoration and maintenance strategies in the rigid concrete pavement through implementing the Airport Pavement Management System (APMS) technique. In this paper, the Micro PAVER, which is the most comprehensive software in pavement management, is utilized. Furthermore, the prospects of pavement management on the runway pavement of Imam Khomeini airport were investigated by assessing the status of the airport’s rigid concrete pavement and applying different scenarios and procedures of restoration and maintenance. Ultimately, prioritization strategies of restoration and maintenance on the airport’s rigid concrete pavement are proposed.

The article considers such a social phenomenon as social trust, the degree of knowledge of this phenomenon. The author gives a definition of social trust. Social trust is considered as one of the factors of quality of life. The transformation of social trust from an industrial society to the contemporary stage is being studied, including the stage of the global crisis amid a pandemic. The main trends in changes in social communication during a pandemic are analyzed and a forecast is given for further changes in the principles of building trust. The emphasis is on the fact that after the pandemic social trust will be easier to arise in the virtual space than in the physical. The author names the criteria of social trust. The basic criteria of social trust in modern media communication are considered.

Purpose In Hong Kong, robberies occurring in the elevators in high-rise buildings were identified as a particular problem and the purpose of this paper is to address a dedicated programme aimed at reducing such offences. Design/methodology/approach A comparison of elevator-based robbery statistics over a ten-year policy-implication period, in two police districts, one with a high rate of public ownership and a traditionally high rate of elevator robberies, the second with a higher rate of private ownership and a traditionally lower rate of such robberies. Findings The evidence suggests that the programme was successful, with such robberies declining significantly and with no evidence of displacement. Research limitations/implications This research is based on police statistics. There is a need for more research, for example, investigating residents’ involvement with the system and the extent to which it encouraged shared ownership of the initiative. Practical implications What is clear is that, where in the West the Newman legacy led to the demonisation of high-rise public sector housing, in Hong Kong, where there is no viable alternative, the use of CCTV helped transform such areas into safer communities. Social implications The rate of robbery, most notably elevator-based robbery, fell dramatically, improving community safety. Originality/value Though there has been a considerable amount of research on the impact of CCTV on crime, almost all of this has focussed on Western industrial societies and little of it has addressed robbery. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this research is the first in Hong Kong, and the first to evaluate the impact of CCTV on robbery.

Este estudo se debruça sobre os downshifters - indivíduos que fazem a opção por desacelerar seus ritmos de vida, buscando equilíbrio entre trabalho e lazer e estilos de vida mais frugais de forma a minimizar os efeitos das sociedades industriais capitalistas urbanas. Explora um tipo particular de comportamento em um estrato social específico - um grupo social formado por famílias que têm filhos em uma escola Waldorf, em Florianópolis, Brasil. Foi possível perceber que os aspectos formadores de movimento altera não só indivíduos, mas também as famílias inseridas no espaço educacional que se apresenta como resistência ao sistema educacional tradicional. Os Waldorf assumem premissas do downshifting. Sob a ótica da contracultura, formam um grupo coeso de classe média que tende a restringir sua rede social àqueles que compartilham o mesmo estilo de vida; suas ações cooperativas fomentam sentimentos de pertencimento e solidariedade que ajudam a legitimar estilos de vida alternativos em uma sociedade consumista.

The role of working women has changed throughout the world due to economic conditions and social demands. This has resulted in a scenario in which working women have tremendous pressure to develop a career as robust as their male counterparts while sustaining active engagement in personal life. The ever-increasing work pressure is taking a ring on the working women leaving them with less time for themselves. The increasing responsibilities on the personal front with the technological blessings like advanced mobile phones, notepads, etc. that keeps work life integrated with personal life also creates stress on personal and professional fronts in this knowledge age. This affects the person’s physical, emotional and social well-being. Thus, achieving work life balance is a necessity for working women to have a good quality of life. This paper is an attempt to explore the tough challenges faced by working women in maintaining a balance between their personal and professional life. The various factors affecting the work-life balance of married working women have been examined in this study. The tool used for the study is the manual on work–life balance of The Industrial Society. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and it was found that the problems faced by the working women of Pune Maharashtra state in terms of work-life balance are quite high. The results also indicate that the work-life balance of individuals affect their quality of life.

In this article, from the standpoint of anthropocentrism, social history, the history of everyday life, the problem of energy supply to residents of Ukrainian cities during the years of Nazi occupation is analyzed. Energy in an industrial society is one of the most important sectors of the economy, ensuring the functioning of industry, transport, water supply and sanitation, lighting and heating of homes. It plays a particularly important role in the life of cities, because the city’s infrastructure is the center of population, industry and transport, high-rise buildings, and its normal operation without electricity is impossible. The study reveals the features of the restoration and operation of power plants, street lighting in cities, the cost of electricity, its availability for different groups of the urban population. Aspects of the functioning of urban electric vehicles are also discussed in the article. It is proven that the lack of electricity was felt throughout the entire period of occupation. Its absence restrained the restoration of communal services. Electricity was used primarily by German military units, Volksdeutsche, enterprises and official institutions. The methods of lighting and heating homes that were used by citizens during the years of occupation are considered. In the most difficult period in the winter of 1942, the local population was completely deprived of the right to use electricity at home. Violent measures (up to the execution) were threatened for violation of the order. The reverse situation was observed among the Wehrmacht soldiers who did not save electricity. In general, energy supply could not meet the needs of either the civilian population or industry, especially in the cold periods of the year. The reasons for this situation were the Soviet scorched earth tactics, the evacuation of all resources to the east of the USSR, the Reich’s policy of looting and removal of electrical equipment, the lack of fuel and the general energy crisis in Germany as a result of the failure of the blitzkrieg. In their turn, the Nazis themselves, when retreating, also resorted to scorched earth tactics, which, along with heavy fighting and moving of the front line, completely deprived the population of electricity at the final stage of occupation and the Soviet-German war.

Downshifting is a phenomenon of the postmodernity. It could not exist in neither pre-industrial nor industrial society. If classical philosophy of postmodernism has debunked the idea of progress in theory, downshifters do this in practice. Downshifting has multiple causes. Resent restructurizations in organizations limited the possibility of the traditional vertical career path for many people. The process of globalization and familiarization with Eastern cultures has shown the arbitrariness of success as a major meaning of the human being’s life. The movement of people from centers of megalopolises to the outskirts and suburban areas enabled to realize the possibility of the life outside the “benefits of civilization”. The spread of freelancing has also become an important factor that allowed people to implement the life strategy of downshifting.Analysis of the Internet space (downshifting communities in social networks, content analysis of posts and comments about downshifting, online publications, etc.) revealed trends related to this strategy of professional and personal development. In particular, interest in downshifting is growing among various age audiences. In recent years, much very young man who have not yet begun their professional career actively discussed this social phenomenon and ideologically supported downshifting. It is also notable, the change in the popularity of different types of downshifting in Russia.Downshifting strategy regardless of the number of people who have use it, demonstrates a real understanding of social space as a multidimensional entity and limitations of the outdated and seemingly axiomatic ideas of the social dynamics.

Introduction . The study of the social picture of life, especially in the field of trade, is becoming increasingly relevant. Purpose . The tasks of this article are the following: to determine the relation of the influences of traditional and industrial society on the formation of the Makhnivka city at the end of the 18th century; to identify the importance of other-ethnic factors on the industry of the provincial town; to study the nature of the interaction of local owners and self-government with the state. Originality . The methodological basis of the study are the principles of historicism, objectivity, scientificity, comparative-historical method, the method of analysis of historical sources. Conclusion . According to the results of the analysis of historical sources, it has been revealed that the scale of Count P. Potosky’s entrepreneurial initiatives contributed to the formation of industry, banking, trade, in particular, trade fairs in Makhnivka. It has been determined that the filling of the local market with high-quality own-produced goods managed to achieve the development of the raw material base and the creation of favorable conditions for the work of foreign specialists at Makhnivka’s plants and factories. Cheap and affordable credit in the banking structures helped to increase the capacity of Makhnivka enterprises. It has been studied that under the conditions of bankruptcy of Makhnivka banking structures, state orders played an important role in the production process. City industry diversified the product range, which was represented by products of the agricultural sector (crop and livestock). The supremacy among city’s merchants was maintained by the Jews, who profited from the lease of premises for state structures, from the maintenance of shops and taverns, from wine farming, from government contracts to provide the army with food and heating. The Makhnivka city gained a high status among the cities of Kyiv Province at the end of the 18th century thanks to a combination of entrepreneurial skills of its owner, access to credit, industrial growth.

The article examines the development of public management in the process of establishing e-democracy and e-governance in Ukraine, which will contribute to the achievement of key goals of sustainable development of the region in the 21st century, with a revolutionary breakthrough in human resources development. The main purpose of the study is to influence the formation of leadership qualities in the subjects and objects of innovative management in the context of public administration and e-democracy as a key communicative problem of e-government. The systematization of literary sources and approaches to solving this problem shows that the scientific discourse has not yet touched upon the sphere of e-government. The urgency of developing the human resources leadership potential is driven by the rapid progress of universal globalization, which is based primarily on marketing and innovation management in public administration. The logical sequence of the research involves the analysis of the practical achievements of the progressive countries of the world in the field of e-governance and the study of the innovative role of managers in public administration; identifying the benefits of e-democracy; generalization of the sociology of leadership in the context of information society formation and competence of public administration managers; research of elite component of public management and definition of strategic guidelines of the state policy on formation of the information society in Ukraine. The methodological basis of this research is the concepts of marketing and innovation management in public administration, e-democracy, the information society; known theories of sociology of leadership. The subject of the study is Ukrainian public management in the conditions of formation of e-government in accordance with the standards of the European Union, the course for membership in which is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine. Accordingly, the author's vision of strategic approaches to managing organizational changes in management structures related to the implementation of modern information and communication technologies of e-governance, strategic directions of the state personnel policy for the development of leadership potential as a key factor in the success of not only managers of all management is presented. of spheres and levels, but also of civil society as a whole, as well as exploration of the further development of the theory of sociology of leadership in the context of the transformation of industrial society into information (post-industrial). The research confirms and theoretically proves that human resource development is key in innovation processes. The pragmatic results of this study should contribute to the intensification of the introduction of e-democracy and e-governance in the field of public administration, thanks to the development of leadership potential of all participants in this process, even in the architectural conditions of modern Ukraine.

The decreased number of traditional earthenware craftsmen occurs due to three main factors: basic material, worker, and consumer. Some craftsmen instead prefer staying so that they should adapt to the existing condition. Nevertheless, in fact, some of them prefer stopping from being craftsmen now. Departing from this reality, the author tried to raise earthenware craftsmen’s adapting strategy to survive until today. The author employed a qualitative method. The phenomenological research was chosen with interview and observation being the techniques of collecting data. The result of research generally showed a variety of products produced aiming to document cultural heritage threatened to be extinct. Meanwhile, as the analysis technique, the author borrowed Julian Steward’s cultural-ecological perspective to explain the data found. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive technique of analysis. Considering the findings of the research, the craftsmen took a different surviving strategy today compared with that in the past. This change was effected by such constraints as basic material, consumer, and human resources. Julian Steward’s cultural-ecological concept seemed to be insufficient. Therefore, natural resources as the main basic material of industrial society should be understood more complexly to a more macro level.

Problem setting. Active information exchange, which is carried out in all spheres, becomes the basis of human activity of the information society, and education – the sphere of social relations that facilitates adaptation of a person to dynamic changes in the conditions of spreading intensive information flows. There is a necessity for introducing widespread innovations in the educational process. In this context, it is important to develop the communicative function of education, which is dominant in modern educational processes and contributes to the formation of creative personality and, in addition to providing knowledge transference, it also provides the conditions for exchanging opinions and views and expressing own positions and thoughts. Recent research and publications analysis. The formation and development of information society were initiated in the works of P. Draker, M. McLuen, M. Castels, E. Toffler and others. Numerous scientists were considering theoretical and practical aspects of the process of communication in conditions of information society and devoted their works to the issue, among them there are the following foreign and domestic scientists: Y. Habermas, and N. Luman, F. Kotler, P. Smith, M. Taylor, R. Voitovych, L. Horodenko, D. Konyk, O. Komarov, M. Lashkin, H. Pocheptsov, I. Fedorov and others. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. In spite of the considerable interest of scientists in the mentioned issues, in the studied literature, insufficient attention is paid to the development of the communicative function of education, which becomes dominant in modern educational processes and contributes to the formation of a creative personality capable of effective professional activity in the conditions of development of the information society. The paper aims at studying the communicative function of education and substantiating the dominant characteristics of education in conditions of forming information society. Paper main body. The dynamics of modern complex social processes spreading requires highlighting education as a defining sphere of social relations, which promotes human adaptation to the conditions of the information society, the development of leading technologies of perception, processing and dissemination of information. Highlighting the communicative function of education as dominant is conditioned by the specificity of the contemporary cultural space on the basis of a strategy of cross-cultural communication, which is clearly manifested in transformations in the educational systems. Education translates and transforms new communication technologies, becoming a dominant centre that facilitates interaction between different elements of society. Today, to ensure the effective implementation of the communicative function of education, it is necessary to use all the most accessible means of communication. Such means include, in particular, information and communication technologies related to the creation, storage, transmission, processing and management of information. The spread of new communications and the emergence of the Internet have become one of the major processes that have a significant impact on the educational sphere of public relations and promote the use of innovative information and communication technologies. In an online society, new information technologies help to make knowledge and information more accessible. New forms of education are emerging, the information support of which is provided on the “basis of the tool of modern information systems of education” using the information opportunities of Internet technologies and network communication. Unlike offline communication, online communication equalizes participants, giving them the opportunity to communicate openly and express themselves. The openness of the educational field and the readiness to changes and the willingness to communicate determine the dominant role of the communicative function of education in the conditions of the information society. This, in turn, leads to a change of the dominant characteristics of industrial society education. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. While carrying out the study there was found out that changes occurring in the education system are because of the fact that: – education turns into a continuous process of learning and self-development of a personality throughout one’s life; – traditional forms of organization of educational activity, methods and technologies of training are changing according to the requirements of the information society; – the development of scientific and innovative activity in education takes place; – the quality of learning on an innovative basis is improving; – the importance of the communicative function of education is increasing. According to the changes that are taking place in the educational sphere, there are defined the following dominant characteristics of education in the conditions of becoming an information society: dynamics, openness, accessibility, adaptiveness, heredity, communicativeness. Thus, the basic characteristics of education, as an absolute and obligatory condition for the creation of an intellectual basis of the information society, and the dominant role of the communicative function of education will allow not only preserving the system of classical values of education but also forming a modern person, prepared for successful professional activity following the requirements of modern times. Further scientific research may concern the analysis of implementing innovations in the educational process, in particular, ensuring the innovatization of the communicative process in the educational sphere.

The circular economy appears as a kind of opposite perspective to the ubiquitous “paradox of resources”, one of the foundations of the traditional industrial society. It represents the establishment of sustainable development and Industry 4.0. It is based on smart production, an increased supply of services, and improved management of production resources, all of which make it one of the basic elements of global state competitiveness. Although often neglected in the past, the need for conscientious exploitation of resources and environmentalism are gradually becoming the direction of policy development at the highest level, as both governments and international organizations have recognized the risks of late response to imminent challenges to economic and social growth. The European Union acknowledged the problem by presenting the legislative package as well as strategic documents Europe 2030 and the European Green Deal, which also oblige the Republic of Croatia to act as one of the member states. Based on a comparison of available statistical data, the paper focuses the presence of the circular economy as one of the indicators of the Fourth Industrial Revolution in Croatia. Finally, the paper points to difficulties regarding transformation from a linear to a circular model of the economy.

The role of working women has changed throughout the world due to economic conditions and social demands. This has resulted in a scenario in which working women have tremendous pressure to develop a career as robust as their male counterparts while sustaining active engagement in personal life. The ever- increasing work pressure is taking a toll on the working women leaving them with less time for themselves. The increasing responsibilities on the personal front with the technological blessings like advanced mobile phones, notepads, etc. that keeps work life integrated with personal life also creates stress on personal and professional fronts in this knowledge age. This affects the person’s physical, emotional and social well-being. Thus, achieving work life balance is a necessity for working women to have a good quality of life. This paper is an attempt to explore the tough challenges faced by working women in maintaining a balance between their personal and professional life. The various factors affecting the work-life balance of married working women have been examined in this study. The tool used for the study is the manual on work–life balance of The Industrial Society (now the Work Foundation) by Daniels and McCarraher. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and it was found that the problems faced by the working women of ts in terms of work-life balance are quite high. The results also indicate that the work-life balance of individuals affect their quality of life.

The cultural aspect of managing disposable diapers and sanitary napkins in Indonesia is very important. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the cultural aspects of the waste management process. The method used literature review. The data analysis used thematic analysis. The articles obtained from the selection were 18 titles. The results of the review show that the culture that is most discussed in the issue of disposable diapers and sanitary napkin waste management is the culture of industrial society, then Javanese society, and the last one is colonial. Culture is discussed in the realm of practice and reasons for use as well as practices and reasons for waste management. Things that need to be deepened are culture in the form of (1) cultural engineering and cultural environment and (2) the realm of the impact of using and managing disposable diapers and sanitary napkins. Another suggestion is to expand database searches and perform SLRs for more detailed results.

Background Social isolation is a key risk factor for the onset and progression of age-related disease and mortality in humans. Nevertheless, older people commonly have narrowing social networks, with influences from both cultural factors and the constraints of senescence. We evaluate evolutionarily grounded models by studying social aging in wild chimpanzees, a system where such influences are more easily separated than in humans, and where individuals are long-lived and decline physically with age. Methodology We applied social network analysis to examine age-related changes in social integration in a 7+ year mixed-longitudinal dataset on 38 wild adult chimpanzees (22 females, 16 males). Metrics of social integration included social attractivity and overt effort (directed degree and strength), social roles (betweenness and local transitivity) and embeddedness (eigenvector centrality) in grooming networks. Results Both sexes reduced the strength of direct ties with age (males in-strength, females out-strength). However, males increased embeddedness with age, alongside cliquishness. These changes were independent of age-related changes in social and reproductive status. Both sexes maintained highly repeatable inter-individual differences in integration, particularly in mixed-sex networks. Conclusions and implications As in humans, chimpanzees appear to experience senescence-related declines in social engagement. However, male social embeddedness and overall sex differences were patterned more similarly to humans in non-industrialized versus industrialized societies. Such comparisons suggest common evolutionary roots to ape social aging and that social isolation in older humans may hinge on novel cultural factors of many industrialized societies. Lastly, individual and sex differences are potentially important mediators of successful social aging in chimpanzees, as in humans. Lay summary: Few biological models explain why humans so commonly have narrowing social networks with age, despite the risk factor of social isolation that small networks pose. We use wild chimpanzees as a comparative system to evaluate models grounded in an evolutionary perspective, using social network analysis to examine changes in integration with age. Like humans in industrialized populations, chimpanzees had lower direct engagement with social partners as they aged. However, sex differences in integration and older males’ central positions within the community network were more like patterns of sociality in several non-industrialized human populations. Our results suggest common evolutionary roots to human and chimpanzee social aging, and that the risk of social isolation with age in industrialized populations stems from novel cultural factors.

Mining has been a basis of development for industrial societies. A mining city was an engine of economic growth for a region by providing employment and gaining revenue from the mining industry. Nevertheless, in the post-mining period, a city such as this suffers from a lot of problems inherited from the mining era, ranging from economic incapability, social structure change, and environmental degradation. Transforming mining-heritage values for tourism applications has become a prevalent choice for many post-mining cities around the world. The attractiveness of mining-related resources is one of the determinants in the success of tourism development in these cities. This study measures the attractiveness of tourism resources within a smaller post-mining city from the perspective of the visitors. Twenty-two types of resources are identified and categorized into three groups: core resources, created resources, and supporting resources. Questionnaire surveys were distributed to 100 random visitors in Sawahlunto, an old coal mining city in Indonesia. Using a five-point Likert scale, these measured the levels of attractiveness respondents had for each resource. Study results reveal that natural beauty, mining heritage sites, museums, and architectural features are the most attractive resources found in a post-mining city by visitors. These resources become the primary motivation for their visit. It also confirms that visitors will likely arrange return trips in the future.

This study examines the impact of both the internal and external environmental risks of the Egyptian industrial companies on the prices of their shares on the stock exchange, in addition to studying the impact of corporate social responsibility on the prices of its shares through application to a sample of Egyptian industrial companies in the industrial sector. The study discussed the internal risks faced by industrial companies represented by their financial risks such as exchange rate liberalization, credit risk, liquidity risk, foreign exchange risk. As well as other internal risks such as occupational health and safety, strikes and labor class demonstrations. The study also discussed external risks such as unemployment, inflation, high prices of raw materials, oil and natural gas, or scarcity of raw materials, in addition to the impact of the companies' commitment to their social responsibility towards the environment and the society and its reflection on the prices of the shares of these companies in the Egyptian Stock Exchange. The objectives of the study are to study and present the quality of environmental risks in the industrial society to determine the nature of social responsibility and its relation to environmental risks, to verify the impact of the relationship between risks and to reflect social responsibility on the prices of shares of companies polluting the environment. In order to achieve the objectives of the study was used descriptive method descriptive in the study and deductive to ascertain the hypotheses of the study. The study has reached the following results: The prices of shares of industrial companies are affected by their environmental risks, showing the impact of the prices of shares of industrial companies to the degree of their social responsibility. The results also indicate the impact of the prices of shares of industrial companies on both environmental risks and social responsibility. The most important recommendations of the researchers are: the need for coordination between the industrial companies and the Ministry of Environmental Affairs to identify the environmental risks resulting from industrial processes and activities and their environmental damage, in addition to their damage to humans and other living organisms, Cooperation among agencies and ministries to raise awareness about the role of social responsibility in industrial companies and its positive impact on the environment and society, which is reflected in turn to improve its positive image and enhance its position in the community, which works to attract and retain investors, Holding conferences and seminars by inviting industrial companies to identify the most important companies that take into account the environmental dimension in their activities as well as their social responsibility and social honor locally and internationally, which increases the competition among companies towards commitment to the environmental and social role in the overall work.

The artificial intelligence models with machine learning that exhibit the best predictive accuracy, and therefore, the most powerful ones, are, paradoxically, those with the most opaque black-box architectures. At the same time, the unstoppable computerization of advanced industrial societies demands the use of these machines in a growing number of domains. The conjunction of both phenomena gives rise to a control problem on AI that in this paper we analyze by dividing the issue into two. First, we carry out an epistemological examination of the AI’s opacity in light of the latest techniques to remedy it. And second, we evaluate the rationality of delegating tasks in opaque agents.

Soap ope ras, better known as electronic cinema or teledrama, play a major role in society in understanding this real or real life and plugging in frames / images of thought in the future. In preparing for a global era and an increasingly advanced industrial society and intense competition in the global market, Indonesian soap operas must be able to play its role. Along with the increasing number of private TV sets, quantitatively Indonesian soap operas experienced a very proud development and also gave a variety of nuances, however the quality of Indonesian soap operas has only recently developed. Indonesian soap operas must consider the elements of education, entertainment, the real problems of society and the way they are done, such as the DKI reborn Warkop film which has a classic feel but is still interesting as a television broadcast that is comedy and educating. Actually, if we want to emulate a very educational cartoon film such as Upin and Ipin, Shiva even though the results of neighboring state products contain a message of education and a very high moral message, Indonesian children love cartoon films like this, besides being funny, educating , raising local culture, and introducing the name of a particular place. Indonesian television shows are still dominated by shows that are beyond human reach. How much television is still mystical like in the Antv program, almost every day cannot be separated from mystical shows (Eyes of the Dark, Penetrating the inner eye, GGS and others).

Since the report of Club of Rome, ‘The Limits to Growth’, the exhaustion of fossil energy sources has been under discussion. Coal, oil, and gas—and energy technologies relying upon them—will be exhausted in the future. High expectations for nuclear energy have given way to the insight that nuclear fission is at best a bridging technology. The risks of this technology became apparent by nuclear catastrophes such as Chernobyl and Fukushima, and uranium resources are limited. Furthermore, fast breeder technology has failed and fourth generation reactors are still pure fiction. Before the industrial revolution, nearly all energy demands were supplied by renewable energy worldwide. From the beginning of the nineteenth century, fossil fuel was used in a steadily increasing amount for heating, lighting, transport, and other energy purposes. Electricity as scientific form of energy played an important role in the transformation of agricultural to industrial societies. Electricity systems are the basic infrastructure of modern societies, influencing the industrial organization, the degree of automation, the communication system, and the industrial future. Today the electrical power industry is at a crossroads, last but not least for environmental reasons. Beside the large cathedrals of electricity generation, other types of generation technologies, each of which brings totally different social relations between energy producers and consumers, have a historical chance to emerge. The solar age will replace the fossil and the nuclear age sooner or later. This transformation is not only a technical and economic, but also a social and political problem. C

The modern world is moving from an industrial society towards a knowledge-based economy. In such a society, there is a need for inventive leaders, i.e. the leaders who will become the key comparative advantage of modern organizations. Therefore, in today's business conditions, more attention is paid to leadership. As a specialized management discipline, leadership is becoming the inevitable factor that has an impact on the business performance of organizations. Leadership can be seen as a process in which an individual influences the other members of the group in order to achieve common goals. Leadership should not be focused on one single position or one single individual, but on certain characteristics that have to be developed by all the members of the organization. Bearing in mind the fact that sustainable development is an important issue for mankind, as well as for organizations, the paper is aimed at determining the role that a leader has in empowering and supporting employees towards sustainable development.

The article focuses on the analysis the relationship between the digital economy and industry in the conditions of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Analysis of the problem’s conceptual aspects has shown that the digital economy is one of the elements of the emerging smart cyberphysical society, in which the integration of material production and digital technologies is implemented. In this regard, the well-known dichotomy “industrial society — post-industrial society” loses its meaning, since “hardware” and “digit” supplement each other organically and co-evolve, although the possibilities and limitations of this process are determined to a greater extent by the production development rather than digital technologies. The empirical part of the study includes statistical analysis of the problem and mathematical modelling based on economic data on 74 countries for the period 2014–2016. This analysis showed that the size of the digital economy is well correlated with gross fixed capital formation, and that industrialized countries differ from less developed countries not so much in the level of development of the digital economy as in the amount of the fixed assets investments. In the modern world divided into new zones of technological influence the strategic prospects of countries’ economic development are defined by Industry 4.0 — smart robotic cyber-physical industry, located next to the consumer. Therefore, in order to achieve a higher level of income in the national economy, it is necessary not only to develop the digital economy, but also to increase investment in modern manufacturing technologies in or around the country. The analysis of the opportunities and limitations of the digital economy development on the example of the Russian Federation tax system digitalization has shown that it is generally successful. However, it creates some problems for the economy, as modern digital technologies are used to divert resources necessary for the industrial development. Therefore, the digital economy needs to be integrated into existing macroeconomic regulation mechanisms, including through new opportunities provided by the digital revolution.

The relevance of the research is that the information and computer communications of scientific and educational activity as a factor of the development of the information society are analyzed. Statement of the task - the modern stage of the socio-political development of Ukraine is characterized by the unprecedented pace of development of a new information and communication arrangement of scientific and educational activities in society and, as a result, its development as informational and civic. Object of research - information and computer communications of scientific and educational activity as a complex social, cultural and economic phenomenon. The subject of research is the influence of the information society on the development of information and computer communication of scientific and educational activities. Analysis of recent publications and research . The author focuses on the analysis of the problems of the informational society, which was investigated in the works of I. Wallerstain, Z.Bzhezynsky, D. Bell, J.Gelbreyt, P.Drucker, A.Lazarevich, A.Porter, O.Toffler, and R.Hatcheson, as well as in the works of domestic scientists - V. Andrushchenko, V.Voronkova, O.Kivlyuk, M.Kyrychenko, A.Punchenko, D.Sviridenko. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Unsolved earlier part of the general problem. Setting objectives. Representatives of the modern scientific and educational environment did not notice in due time that with the advent of the computer in the world fundamental concepts of education, man, science, the Universe, temporal measurements of time, tendencies of the development of the modern world have changed significantly. Education determines the pace of world development, and the ownership of its markets began an unprecedented rigorous competition. Information and knowledge have become a tremendous wealth, an intangible asset to the development of nations and states. Methodology of the research - the use of synergistic and axiological methods that contribute to deep penetration into the essence of the object and subject of research. Scientific novelty of the research. This scientific study involves addressing the socio-philosophical meaning of the concept of information and computer communications of scientific and educational activity as a factor in the development of the information society. Presenting the main material : the problems concerning the global informatization of the society that stimulated all processes of international cooperation of people have been revealed; due to the development of the information and communication sphere, the needs of management systems of the states, societies and their citizens in various informational services have been determined, radical changes in all security systems of socio-political relations; the historical tendency of development of industrial, then - postindustrial and informational society on the basis of the concept of J.Masuda is analyzed; it was disclosed that the progress of the information and education problem requires us to improve considerably the educational information and communication systems and technologies of education; the directions of improvement of information and computer communications of scientific and educational activity as the factor of development of the information society are substantiated. Conclusions - the concept of information and computer communications of scientific and educational activity as a factor of development of the information society is formed. The result of the research is the development of the directions of reforming (modernizing) the education system in Ukraine and the use of concepts for the introduction of computer information and communication technologies for these purposes

In spite of the general belief that the informatization of our world would make our life better and more meaningful than that of the industrialized society, it is clear that we are now facing serious problems. These are such as loss of face-to-face communication as a result of penetration of exclusive SNS communication format, abnormal concentration of capital in some high-tech companies due to the artificialization of the investment environment through the use of the Internet and artificial intelligence and so on. In the author’s view, this kind of crisis is reflecting the confusion of ‘Being itself’ and ‘beings’ as suggested by Rafael Capurro or the loss of plurality of meanings of life in the informatization era due to the so-called techno-determinism. In this paper, the author will try to search for alternative world views to overcome the loss of plurality of meanings by examining Japanese existential-ethical views reflecting their latent value-orientation to oneness of meanings suggested by Kitaro Nishida and others. It seems that Japan is an interesting country in the sense that it has been facing various serious problems in the informatized environments and at the same time it has a potential power to overcome this situation.

The phenomenon of social exclusion caused by transport exclusion is one of the main causes of social problems in peripheral areas, as well as a major organizational challenge for public service providers and all organizations operating in the areas where this problem occurs. Transport exclusion has a negative impact on the dynamics of socioeconomic processes and may interfere with sustainable development plans of stakeholders operating in a given area. The phenomenon is characterized by particular intensity in peripheral border localities with a low population density and outdated public transport system (established in the past to meet the needs of industrial society). The aim of this analysis is to present the basic principles of a conceptual model that combines the estimation of the scale of the transport exclusion phenomenon (in accordance with the specificity of peripheral border areas) with the idea of institutionalized carpooling based on effective information management. The usefulness of the said model underwent verification with respect to the possibility of estimating the scale of transport exclusion in peripheral border areas based on the example of the Polish–Slovak border area (Lesko Commune and Snina District). During the course of the research, factors characterizing the currently functioning public transport system were also indicated. They proved the system’s inadequacy for the challenges faced by the post-industrial society.

14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, supplementary data https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151359, The metabolism of contemporary industrialized societies, that is their energy and material flows, leads to the overconsumption and waste of natural resources, two factors often disregarded in the global ecological equation. In this Discussion article, we examine the amount of natural resources that is increasingly being consumed and wasted by humanity, and propose solutions to reverse this pattern. Since the beginning of the 20th century, societies, especially from industrialized countries, have been wasting resources in different ways. On one hand, the metabolism of industrial societies relies on non-renewable resources. On the other hand, yearly, we directly waste or mismanage around 78% of the total water withdrawn, 49% of the food produced, 31% of the energy produced, 85% of ores and 26% of non-metallic minerals extracted, respectively. As a consequence, natural resources are getting depleted and ecosystems polluted, leading to irreversible environmental changes, biological loss and social conflicts. To reduce the anthropogenic footprint in the planet, and live in harmony with other species and ourselves, we suggest to shift the current economic model based on infinite growth and reduce inequality between and within countries, following a degrowth strategy in industrialized countries. Public education to reduce superfluous consumption is also necessary. In addition, we propose a set of technological strategies to improve the management of natural resources towards circular economies that, like ecosystems, rely only upon renewable resources, This study received Portuguese national funds from FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology) through project UID/04326/2020 and the Stimulus of Scientific Employment, Individual Support Call, 2017 (CEECIND/03072/2017). It also received funds from the Centre d'Estudis Antoni de Capmany and the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). Federico Demaria is a Serra Hunter fellow and acknowledges support from the Maria de Maeztu Unit of Excellence ICTA UAB (CEX2019-0940-M), and the projects ‘EnvJustice’ (GA 695446) and PROSPERA (GA 947713), both funded by the European Research Council (ERC). Claudia Ofelio is Research Associate at Hamburg University within the framework of the project CUSCO (FKZ:03F0813B). The Thermal Engineering and Energy Systems (GITSE) research group T55_20R received funds from the Aragonese Government (Department of Science, University and Knowledge Society)

Research background:In the long term, employees are without a doubt the most important success factor for any company. Due to the demographic change, numerous companies are increasingly confronted with a shortage of skilled workers and are therefore facing the increased competition in gaining of the qualified employees. This challenge is exacerbated by a globalization, digitization and the change from an industrial society to a service one as well. In addition, the Slovak and worldwide labor market in the coming years will be characterized by a change of generation, which will form the majority of the available potential of the workforce. Against this background, aspects such as employer attractiveness and employer branding are becoming increasingly important and influential in the field of personnel management.Purpose of the article:Due to demographic developments and the upcoming change of generation, companies will face the difficulty of inspiring qualified employees in the future. This creates numerous challenges for external personnel marketing. The overall goal of this paper is to contribute to the current state of research on the challenges of personnel marketing in the future.Methods:The method of collecting data through a questionnaire and the contingency analysis to process the data were chosen for this research.Findings & Value added:The objective of the paper is to setting up specific recommendations for the use of external personnel marketing, against the background of changing requirements and attitudes of generation Z.

In an industrialized society like the one that the new generations face, it is important for them to have the skills that provide significant advantages over their competitors; therefore, institutions of higher education must be at the forefront of manufacturing technologies. The manufacturing region of the north in this country (Mexico) needs engineers with knowledge in robotics for industrial applications, according to the information provided by graduates and industry professionals. Such engineers are usually trained on how to operate equipment technically, sometimes bypassing the fundamentals of the operation of such machinery, leaving them without the tools to innovate and improve processes. The methodology proposed in this article provides a broad view of integrated manufacturing systems and includes the handling of materials and storage elements and parts processing. As technology for education, this exercise gives students the opportunity to develop a comprehensive project within their vocational training. Three robots were built in known industrial configurations based on 3D printing. The developed disciplinary skills focus on mechanical design, electronic design, mathematical design of the manipulator, and performance of industrial tasks using computer vision tools.

Modern mankind has joined the general historical process called computerization. In contrast to the industrial society, in which the main thing was the production of material goods, in today’s post-industrial society the production of information becomes the main activity (by information we mean knowledge as information about people, objects, facts, events), phenomena and processes, regardless of their form representation that can be recorded on a tangible medium), and this process is called computerization (hence the term - information society). Such a shift in emphasis is caused, on the one hand, by the fact that humanity is aware of the limited natural (natural) resources of its habitat, and on the other hand, by the emergence of global problems (for example, energy, the environment), a solution that is impossible with previous methods. Information is becoming the main resource for the development of the world community and significantly affects the development of other industries and spheres of life: science, technology, social spheres (cultural communication between people, education). The core values of the information society are:- knowledge; -qualification; - independent thinking; -the ability to work with information and make informed decisions based on it; - awareness not only in a narrow professional field, but also in related fields.

This is a discussion of the role of engineers in the recent past and in the present society. Opening with the undeniable contributions of engineers as inventors and as controllers of an industrial society, the author contrasts with other themes. One relates to cultural attitudes, which have mostly placed engineers on the revolutionary side against Bildung and good behaviour. Another is concerned with technocracy, which has had protagonists primarily in the United States (Thorstein Veblen and, especially, his so-called followers), and staunch critics from Europe, as Jacques Ellul. The American sociologist Daniel Bell had a vision of a post-industrial society, where techno-structures were replaced by other influential groups, e.g. scientists. Bringing an ethical turn to the question of technology and the future, the nuclear power disasters have been immensely productive, recently followed by still more general and popular dichotomies between science (imagined as free from ties to capitalism and revenues) and commercial use of natural resources.

Purpose: The purpose of the chapter is to identify main possibilities of modernization theory in the study of traditional societies as an integral part of ensuring national security. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses the methods of modernization theory, conceptual analysis of the consideration of complex dynamic systems, and the general theory of national security at federal, regional and municipal levels. The modernization approach creates prerequisites for comparing different variants of the transition of ethnic societies from traditional to modernity; it assumes a scheme of historical development in the form of a movement from primitive to more complex structures of social existence. Findings: The possibility of using the existing connection between the general theory of national security and the concept of modernization allowed us to reveal mechanisms of complex state influence at the transition stage of integration of traditional societies into industrial society as an integral part of ensuring national security. The integration process is deeply and comprehensively manifested as a factor of civilizational character. Originality/value: In the structure of historical knowledge, the scientific novelty of the research consists in a fundamentally new formulation of the reinterpretation of modernization processes in traditional societies as an integral part of ensuring national security, which allows us to better understand its nature and research methods.

Sanayi toplumunda siyasal, ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel alanda kitle olan insanlar, bilgi toplumuna geçişle birlikte iletişim teknolojilerinin sunduğu hizmetlerle birer birey olarak konumlandırılmıştır. Bu bireyler teknolojiyle aracılı bir şekilde sürdürdükleri ilişkiyle gündelik yaşamlarında sürekli olarak dijital izler bırakmakta ve veriler üretmektedirler. Kaydedilen bu veriler her geçen gün büyük bir artış göstermekte, yazılımlar sayesinde işlenen bu verilerden soyut ve somut değerler üretilmektedir. Büyük veri (big data) olarak kavramsallaştırılan bu durumun karakteristik özelliği, verinin yapılandırılmış formdan yoksun olması ve sürekli bir akışın (veri boyutu) söz konusu olmasıdır. Veri miktarının yoğunluğunun önem arz etmesine rağmen asıl nokta, büyük veriyi yönetmek ve ondan faydalanmak için analiz ederek değere dönüştürmekte yatmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin birey ve toplum hayatında yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte ortaya çıkan büyük veri olgusuna ilişkin betimleyici bir yöntem kullanılacaktır. Büyük veri olgusuna ilişkin bakış açıları, büyük verinin karakteristik özellikleri ve yeni medya ortamında birer kullanıcı olan bireylerin büyük veriyle ilişkisel düzeyi fırsatlar ve tehditler boyutuyla tartışılacaktır., Humans are positioned as ‘individuals’ through the transition to information society accompanied by the freshness and newness of communication technologies, while they were named solely as ‘masses’ in economic, social and cultural fields of industrial society. Daily lives mediated by these technologies, individuals leave digital marks behind, as well as producing data. This stored data is getting bigger gradually enabling tangible and intangible material production through the use of algorithms. Conceptualised as ‘big data’, this phenomenon characteristically is lack of a structured form while there is a constant data flow (data size). Management and analysis of this big data is the core of the matter here, in order to make use of it as data transformed into values, in contrast with the importance of the density of data amount or size. This study through employing a descriptive method aims to give insight to big data analysis and big data phenomenon, which has made its way to daily lives of individuals and society. Various approaches toward big data, together with its characteristics, and the relation between big data and individuals as users in the new media environment will be discussed from both positive and negative aspects.