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Severe acute respiratory syndrome - (SARS) is a pandemic (called as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19), severely affected by transmission and fatal disease caused by unknown coronavirus family of RNA virus (SARS-COV). Humans are under great threat among other species were non-identified. Phenotype can range from asymptomatic to fulminate cytokine storm which leads multiorgan failure resulting death. Still the world is eagerly waiting for antiviral drug to stop the corona virus infection. Previous studies found that indomethacin had ability to inhibit the RNA and DNA virus replication. Objectives . Interleukins (IL), Interferons (IFN) and metabolites like cyclopentane cyclooxygenase (COX 1/COX 2) are active against several RNA viruses. Experts have divided the SARS infection in three phases (Phase-1, 2, 3) based on severity of infection. In phase-3 there was cytokine storm due to exuberant inflammation observed which can damage organs and even fatal. We investigated that effect of indomethacin on COX inhibitor on coronavirus replication and cytokine storm in reducing the hyper inflammatory state. In this article we tried to assess the clinical management of inflammation due to SARS-COV-2 by Indomethacin. Results . Indomethacin can cause relief from the pain on taking deep breath in corona virus infected patients. Indomethacin can be considered safe and effective for prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection also antiviral activity. Conclusion : Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of SARS CoV-2.

Actuality. Severe acute respiratory syndrome- (SARS) is a pandemic (called as SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19), severely affected by transmission and fatal disease caused by unknown coronavirus family of RNA virus (SARS-COV). The phenotype can range from asymptomatic to fulminate cytokine storm which leads to multiorgan failure resulting in death. Still, the world is eagerly waiting for antiviral drugs to stop the coronavirus infection. Previous studies found that indomethacin had the ability to inhibit the RNA and DNA virus replication. Objectives. Discuss the possibility of clinical treatment of inflammation caused by SARS-COV-2 with indomethacin. Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific publications in the international electronic scientometric database PubMed by keywords for the period 1991-2020. Comparison with clinical cases. Results. Interleukins, Interferons, and metabolites formed by the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX 1/COX 2) are active against some RNA viruses. Experts have divided the SARS infection into three phases (phase-1, 2, 3) based on the severity of the infection. In phase-3 there was “cytokine storm” due to exuberant inflammation observed which can damage organs and even fatal. We investigated the effect of indomethacin on the COX inhibitor on coronavirus replication and cytokine storm in reducing the hyperinflammatory state. Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of SARS CoV-2. Conclusion. Indomethacin can be considered safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection also antiviral activity.

There is a new public health crises threatening globally with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel coronavirus or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It is the seventh member of the coronavirus (CoV) family, which infects humans and to which the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome CoV (MERS)-and SARS-CoV also belong. SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging human infectious CoV that causes COVID-19, which has been recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11. The most recent outbreak initially presented as pneumonia of unknown etiology as COVID-19 is a pneumonia-like disease with a group of symptoms including fever, dry cough and shortness of breath in a cluster of patients in December 2019 Wuhan, China. The body's immune system tries to protect the body from this pathogen. And as due to its surge in the body, various respiratory and other system-related complications increased. Therefore, in this article, COVID-19 immunopathogenesis is briefly reviewed. Through this review, we try to explain the molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, based on the recent research progress of SARS-CoV-2 and the knowledge from researches on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.

Hand grip strength (HGS), a simple bedside tool test, is portable, relatively inexpensive, and a reliable measurement of muscular strength (1). Handgrip dynamometry is reliably prognostic; the test is rarely used during routine assessment in pulmonary departments

Introduction: Obesity is strongly associated with other metabolic disorders including Hypertension (HTN), diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). High Blood Pressure (BP) is ranked as the third most important risk factor for attributable burden of disease in South Asia. Aim: The aim of present was to study the association between BP and obesity indices in medical student’s population. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a group of 100 healthy young medical students. BP, pulse and Hb O2% was measured by using sphygmomanometer, pulse oximeter. Obesity indices were measured by using weighing machine, stadiometer, measuring tape and impedance based Body Composition Analyser (BCA). Results: There was poor correlation of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) with Total Body Fat (TF) and the association was not significant. SBP and DBP were mildly correlated with BMI. Whole body Visceral Fat (VF) correlation of SBP was moderate and significant. DBP was correlated with whole body VF and correlation was significant. But the whole body, trunk, leg Skin Fat (SF) and Muscle Fat (MF) were not having significant correlation with SBP and DBP. Finger to heart distance was positively correlated with SBP (p

Introduction: Pre-diabetes represents the initial stage of type 2 diabetic disease developments. Prediabetes disease progression to overt type 2 diabetes occurs when pancreatic beta cells cannot produce insulin to overcome insulin resistance, resulting in further hyperglycaemia. Prediabetic patients have higher risk for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) which further increases the rate of mortality. Lifestyle interventions such as yoga can prove to be a beneficial non pharmacologic intervention in preventing progression of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes. Aim: Present study highlights the importance of short term intervention i.e., yoga on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in prediabetic subjects and its use as a tool for homeostasis of Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and primary prevention of diabetes. Materials and Methods: This was an interventional study conducted on adults aged 30 to 50 years for analysis of frequency domain parameters i.e., Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF), ratio of low frequency to high frequency of HRV. A total 102 prediabetic subjects were recruited from OPD of Jaipuria Hospital. These were divided into two groups A and B. Group A (n=51) were given intervention of set of yogic exercises and Group B (n=51) did not perform any yoga session. Statistical analysis was done by student’s paired t test for intragroup comparison before applying this test the SmirnovKolmogorov test was conducted to confirm the normality of each parameter. Results: Yoga intervention resulted in a significant decline in LF component and increase in HF component and LF/HF (Low Frequency/High Frequency) ratio shift sympathetic to parasympathetic dominance (p-value

Background: The energy requirement of an individual can be defined as the level of energy intake from food that will balance the energy expenditure. Dietary intakes lower or higher than the body requirements can lead to undernutrition (deficiency diseases) or overnutrition (diseases of affluence), respectively. Per day calorie intake influences various daily energy utilizing activities. The imbalance between intake and expenditure continues over long periods, changes in body weight or body composition will occur and may adversely affect health. The resting energy expenditure (REE), the largest portion (50–75%) of total energy expenditure, is the energy required to maintain the basic metabolic activities including maintaining the body temperature and keeping the functioning of vital organs such as brain, kidneys, heart, and lungs. Hence, REE plays the most important role in body functioning. Objective: The aim and objective of the present study were to access the effect of per day calorie intake on REE. Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects (age 18–25 years) were assessed for data collection. All the data were collected in the early morning hours. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (EC/P-47/2018) of Rajasthan University of Health Sciences College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur. Demographic data including the anthropometric measurement of the participants such as weight, height, and body mass index (BMI). Calories intake (kcal) in 24 h was measured using food frequency questionnaire. Moreover, REE was measured using the gold standard method indirect calorimetry. Pearson correlation was calculated to seen correlation between per day calorie intake and REE. Results: A total of 75 males and 25 females with mean age of males and females were 19.97 ± 1.81 years and 19.32 ± 1.75 years, respectively. The mean BMI was 21.77 ± 4 kg/m² of males and 22.68 kg/m² of females. The mean calorie intake was 2532.082 ± 830.970 kcal in males and 1991.176 ± 783.291 kcal in females. The mean REE of male subjects was 2081.470 ± 587.661 kcal and of females was 1827.895 ± 469.671 kcal. The present study results showed the positive poor correlation (r = +0.1572) between calorie intake and REE in male subjects and negative poor correlation (r = −0.1484) in female subjects. Conclusion: The present study results concluded that there was a poor association between per day calorie intake and REE. Moreover, on the basis of the present study results, we can also say that most of our energy intake was expended to maintain body functioning at rest.

Introduction: Prediabetic patients have higher risk for cardiovascular diseases, which further increases the rate of mortality. Reason for the rate of increase may be lack of observation, follow-up programs, and self-awareness about the conditions of disease. Lifestyle interventions such as yoga can prove to be a beneficial nonpharmacologic intervention in preventing progression of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes. This study highlights importance of short-term intervention, i.e., yoga in prediabetic patients and use it as a tool for primary prevention of diabetes. Methods: This was an interventional study among adults aged 30–50 years in RUHS college of Medical Sciences and Associated Rukmani Devi Beni Prasad Jaipuria Hospital in Jaipur city. The design of study was quasi prospective comparative study. A total of 102 prediabetic patients of age group 30–50 years were recruited from Jaipuria Hospital. These were divided into two groups: study group (Group A, n = 51) were engaged in yoga session and control group (B, n = 51) not performed any yoga session. Results: Yoga intervention resulted in a significant decline in blood glucose (P < 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (P < 0.01), lipid profile cholesterol (P < 0.01), triglyceride (P < 0.01), and low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.01), but high-density lipoprotein (P < 0.02) and very low-density lipoprotein increase (P < 0.03) but not statistically significant relative to the control group. Conclusion: Short-term yoga intervention is helpful in the control of glycemic parameters like blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile in prediabetic patients. This preliminary study indicates that a yoga program would be a possible risk reduction option for adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes. In addition, yoga holds promise as an approach to reducing cardiometabolic risk factors and increasing exercise self-efficacy for prediabetics performing yoga.