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Intercropping is an attempt from agriculture’s intensification program which purposes to obtain optimum yield and maintain soil’s fertility. This research aims to know whether intercropping systems have better crops and higher yields than monoculture systems. This research was conduct on May-August 2020 at Trengguno Kidul, Sidorejo, Ponjong, Gunung Kidul. The design of the experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) one factor and three blocks. One factor namely ST 1: soybean monoculture Dega variety, ST2: maize monoculture Dega 1 variety, ST 3: Maize monoculture Srikandi Ungu variety, ST 4: Intercropping system of soybean Dega 1variety with maize Pulut Uti 1 variety, ST 5: Intercropping system of soybean Dega 1 variety and maize Nasa 29 variety, ST 6: Intercropping system of soybean Dega 1 variety with maize Pulut Uri 1 variety, ST 7: Intercropping system of soybean Dega 1 variety and maize Srikandi Ungu variety. Data were analyzed statistically using SAS (Statistical Analysis System) ANOVA 5% and further tested with the Duncan test at a significant level of 5%. The results show soybean on monoculture system has better growth and yield than intercropping while on maize of Pulut Uri and Nasa 29 plant intercropping system has the same growth and yield than monoculture. Combination intercropping of maize variety namely Srikandi Ungu and Soybean variety namely Dega proved better growth and yield.

Kulon Progo is one of the regencies in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta which has diverse of plant genetic resources, one is durian (Durio zibethinus). Exploration and characterization of durian genetic resources have been carried out. Durian diversity can be determined by characterization and it is also an effort to complete information in registering process of local varieties. Registration and releasing varieties are an effort that must be made to provide legal protection for the status of variety ownership. Characterization was done using descriptor for durian. The aim of this research was to determine some of Kulon Progo local durian diversity based on their morphology characteristic and then analysed it to determine similarity among cultivars by cluster analysis. Method research was exploration. The results showed that there were six local durian from Kulon Progo : Menoreh Kuning, Menoreh Jambon, Promasan, Banjar, Kendil and Cempli. Based on morphological characteristic, there were three groups of Kulon Progo local durian, namely group I consisting of Banjar, Kendil, Cempli and Menoreh Jambon, group II (Promasan) and group III (Menoreh Kuning).

Indonesia has diverseaccessions of local black rice, which are important sourcesof germplasm. However, some of the local black ricecultivars have different names, leading a need to beidentified to determine their genetic diversity usingmolecular marker. This study aimed to identify geneticdiversity of eleven cultivars of local black rice, collection ofthe Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology,Yogyakarta and compared them with two white ricevarieties using four microsatellite markers. Detection ofmicrosatellite alleles polymorphism was carried out byvisualization of PCR amplicons by electrophoresis onagarose gel. To estimate their genetic diversity, phylogenetictree and principal coordinate analysis were performed usingbinary data of SSR alleles. The results revealed that totalmarkers enabled to differentiate black rice cultivars asreflected by high value of polymorphic information content(PIC) mean (0.695). This value was consistent with the highgenetic diversity of black rice (genetic diversity index, h =0.283) in comparison with white rice cultivars (h = 0.020).The phylogenetic and main coordinate analyses suggestedthat black rice cultivars genetically differed from white rice.The local black rice cultivars were preferentially groupedbased on their genetic those were distributed in threecoordinates and did not represent their local geographicorigin. Genetic diversity analysis in this study will be usefulas an initial basis for proper identification and selection forappropriate parents to assist breeding program of black ricein Indonesia.