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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication in critically ill patients. Accumulating evidences indicated that macrophages play an important pro-inflammatory role in AKI and isoliquiritigenin (ISL) can inhibit macrophagic inflammation, but its role in AKI and the underlying mechanism are unknown. The present study aims to investigate the renoprotective effect of ISL on AKI and the role of Formyl peptide receptors 2 (FPR2) in this process. In this study, cisplatin-induced AKI model and lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory model were employed to perform the in vivo and in vitro experiments. The results showed that ISL strongly relieved kidney injury and inhibited renal inflammation in vivo and suppress macrophagic inflammatory response in vitro. Importantly, it was found that FPR2 was significantly upregulated compared to the control group in AKI and LPS-induced macrophage, whereas it was strongly suppressed by ISL. Interestingly, overexpression of FPR2 with transfection of pcDNA3.1-FPR2 effectively reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of ISL in macrophage, suggesting that FPR2 may be the potential target for ISL to prevent inflammation and improve kidney injury of AKI. Take together, these findings indicated that ISL improved cisplantin-induced kidney injury by inhibiting FPR2 involved macrophagic inflammation, which may provide a potential therapeutic option for AKI.

To overcome the problem of data transmission of the aeroengine health management system, a multilink communication system combining ultrahigh-frequency communication link, 4G cellular mobile communication link, and BeiDou satellite communication link was proposed. This system can realize the functions such as data receiving and sending, data encryption, and resuming transfer from the break point based on multiple links. When the flight altitude is not high, the communication distance is short, so the UHF digital transmission radio communication link is adopted, which is highly efficient and stable. When the communication distance is long, the 4G cellular mobile communication link can ensure both the communication distance and the communication rate. In the area where 4G signal cannot be covered in extreme terrain environment, BeiDou satellite communication link is used for data transmission. Besides, in order to ensure the communication rate of the link, a multilink adaptive switching technology was also developed. The test verified that the system can perform adaptive switching among multiple links, realize air-ground data communication in the whole airspace, and achieve a good communication rate, which has significative value of engineering application.

For manufacturing enterprises to successfully enter the “Industry 4.0” era and establish advantages in the new wave of industrial revolution, they must use Internet thinking to transform manufacturing enterprises and promote the in-depth integration of informatization and industrialization under the premise of managing and controlling risks, to achieve transformation and upgrading. The innovation and management of the risks of manufacturing enterprises’ Internet strategic transformation directly affects the success or failure of enterprises’ transformation. On the basis of constructing the risk evaluation index system of manufacturing enterprise’s Internet strategy transformation, a manufacturing enterprise’s Internet strategy transformation risk evaluation model was constructed based on BP artificial neural network, and typical enterprises were selected to carry out practical application. The results show that the BP artificial neural network structure of the risk evaluation of the Internet strategic transformation of the manufacturing enterprises includes 18 layers of network input layer, 4 nodes of network hidden layer and 4 neurons of output layer, and the application effect of model is good.

Astronomical images allow people to explore the Universe and monitor space; however, due to the long distances involved, such images are generally collected using telescopic equipment. The equipment optical characteristics and the imaging environment cause image degradation, such as blurring, lost details, and sometimes serious losses of object structures and contours, thus limiting the applications of these images. Unfortunately, improving the equipment to acquire much sharper images is expensive. Therefore, we propose a post-processing structure learning method to restore astronomical images that is low in cost but has exciting effects. The proposed method uses single backbone neural networks or their simple combinations to solve a series of image restoration problems, including point spread function (PSF) estimation, non-blind deconvolution, and blind deconvolution. In tests on simulated and real astronomical images, the proposed method achieves dramatic improvements compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Although this work concentrates on astronomical images, the proposed framework is applicable to a wide range of fields.

Although most studies have introduced risk factors related to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure, studies on combinations of high-risk factors are rare. To provide a systematic review of the risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure to guide surgeons through the decision-making process, an extensive literature search was performed of the Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases. Studies published between January 1, 2009, and September 19, 2019, regarding the existing evidence for risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure or graft failure were included in this review. Study quality was evaluated with the quality index. Ultimately, 66 articles met our criteria. There were 46 cases classified as technical factors, 21 cases as patient-related risk factors, and 14 cases as status of the knee joint. Quality assessment scores ranged from 14 to 24. This systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of the risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure, including technical factors, patient-related factors, and the factors associated with the status of the knee joint. Emphasis should be placed on avoiding these high-risk combinations or correcting modifiable risk factors during preoperative planning to reduce the rate of graft rupture and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction failure.

To evaluate rockbursts in deep-lying long tunnels, a multiple factor analysis and predictions were conducted. It is necessary to establish whether the primary evaluation indexes cover the entire development–occurrence–evolution process for rockbursts and how best to determine the weights of the final selected indexes. We developed an evaluation model with attribute reduction and chose 5 out of 11 primary evaluation indexes to cover the typical characteristics of energy storage, rockburst proneness, and risk of failure. The weights of the primary evaluation indexes and the offset distance were then determined using the entropy weight ideal point method. Combining geostress field inversion and rock mechanic tests, the evaluation model was applied to the case of the Sangzhuling Tunnel along the Sichuan–Tibet railway. Rockburst prediction results achieved 41.2% and 94.1% accuracy when using the Manhattan and Euclidean distance functions, respectively. A more specific classification of the evaluation indexes may optimize the weight assignment and help obtain more accurate results. This paper provides a reliable method for rockburst predictions for hard rock and deep-lying long tunnels, which may have good prospects for engineering applications.

In order to reduce parking difficulties caused by small parking spaces, low driver driving experience, and complex parking environment, parking assistance systems have attracted attention, but the identification of parking spaces is a key problem and technical difficulty. In this paper, an improved parking space recognition algorithm based on panoramic vision is proposed. Firstly, in the look-around image forming part, a method of distortion correction (DC) and perspective transformation (PT) based on LUT (Look Up Table) transformation is proposed to improve the processing speed of the algorithm. Then, to improve the accuracy of parking space recognition, an improved method combining rough extraction and fine matching is proposed to identify parking spaces in a look-around image. The experimental results show that the method achieves a detection rate of 97.63% under sufficient illumination and 79.77% even under insufficient illumination.

In recent years, with the large-scale application of distributed power sources in the power grid, the power grid is moving toward low inertia and low damping. The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) has become a hot topic for scholars since it can simulate the moment of inertia, damping and frequency modulation of synchronous generators. Due to its unbalanced load distribution and the random variation of power loads, grid voltage is asymmetrical. Under grid voltage asymmetry, a VSG experiences output current imbalance and power oscillation. The grid current imbalance further reduces the transformer’s three-phase voltage, which makes it unequal, cyclic, and very easy to cause electricity accidents. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes three modes of current balance, reactive power balance and active power balance without changing the characteristics of VSGs. The output current balance and power are constant when the grid voltage is asymmetrical. The effectiveness and feasibility of the control strategy are verified by simulation and experimental results, which provides an effective scheme for balanced and stable operation of the grid.

The power-split hybrid electric vehicle achieves excellent fuel economy because both the engine speed and the torque of this system are decoupled from the road load. However, for a power-split hybrid electric vehicle with multiple power sources, the inconsistency of the response characteristic of each power source seriously affects the stability control of the power system and riding comfort, so the coordinated control of the power system is particularly important. This article proposed a dynamic coordinated control strategy. First, extended Kalman filter is applied to realize robust online estimation of the engine dynamics. Then, an extended Kalman filter–based and model predictive control–based dynamic coordinated control strategy is designed to achieve accurate reference tracking in hybrid electric mode. Considering the real-time performance for the online application of the dynamic coordinated control strategy, a fast model predictive control solver is formed based on a reasonable assumption. Offline simulation results show that accurate reference tracking is achieved in hybrid electric mode. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation is also conducted to validate the real-time performance of the proposed dynamic coordinated control strategy. This study is expected to improve the performance and robustness of the dynamic coordinated control strategy in hybrid electric mode while reducing the calibration load.

To improve the oil recovery and economic efficiency in heavy oil reservoirs in late steam flooding, taking J6 Block of Xinjiang Oilfield as the research object, 3D physical modeling experiments of steam flooding, CO2-foam assisted steam flooding, and CO2 assisted steam flooding under different perforation conditions are conducted, and CO2-assisted steam flooding is proposed for reservoirs in the late stage of steam flooding. The experimental results show that after adjusting the perforation in late steam flooding, the CO2 assisted steam flooding formed a lateral expansion of the steam chamber in the middle and lower parts of the injection well and a development mode for the production of overriding gravity oil drainage in the top chamber of the production well; high temperature water, oil, and CO2 formed stable low-viscosity quasi-single-phase emulsified fluid; and CO2 acted as a thermal insulation in the steam chamber at the top, reduced the steam partial pressure inside the steam chamber, and effectively improved the heat efficiency of injected steam. Based on the three-dimensional physical experiments and the developed situation of the J6 block in Xinjiang Oilfield, the CO2 assisted steam flooding for the J6 block was designed. The application showed that the CO2 assisted steam flooding made the oil vapor ratio increase from 0.12 to 0.16 by 34.0%, the oil recovery increase from 16.1% to 21.5%, and the final oil recovery goes up to 66.5% compared to steam flooding after perforation adjustment. Key words: heavy oil reservoir, three-dimensional physical simulation experiment, steam flooding, CO2 assisted steam flooding, steam chamber, steam (CO2) chamber overriding gravity drainage

In this paper, an automated edge detection model is developed for large irregular circular using a laser scanning approach. Some key influencing factors, just like surface quality, surface orientation and scan depth, have been respectively considered in this model. By consider of the limited of field of view and corresponding optical constraints, only a small part of key region is effectively captured by laser scanner at a specific posture. In term of specified view angles of laser scanner, the position of laser scanner approximate to the stand-off distance with respect to edge area can be determined and then high-quality point clouds of large irregular circular edge feature can be effectively obtained. Finally, a series of experiments are performed on workpieces with different large irregular circular features. The experimental result shows our method features high automation and high efficiency. Those results are most promising for on-machine applications in dimensional measurement of large-scale workpiece.

Infrared images have the advantages of clear object outlines and rich thermal information, but the vision is blurred and detailed information is lacking. Visible light images are the opposite. The two are complementary, and more valuable images can be obtained through fusion, making subsequent judgments easier. This paper proposes a fusion method based on jump connection convolution layer aiming at the problem of the low utilization rate of feature map and bad restoration effect of the original image of current fusion methods based on deep learning. By designing the network structure and loss function, this method guides the generated result graph to move closer to the source image with more gradient information. Experiments show that the fusion network can generate ideal results and has obvious advantages in the restoration of the source image.

This study evaluated the cup coverage(CC) of acetabular cup models with different sizes in patients with Crowe type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ DDH by the high hip center technique(HHC), the results shows that the CC of cup sizes with 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 44mm, 46mm, 48mm, and 50 mm increased by 21.24%, 21.58%, 20.86%, 20.04%, 18.62%, 17.18%, and 15.42% (P

Background: Low detection and nonadherence are major problems in current management approaches for patients with suspected atrial fibrillation (AF). Mobile health devices may enable earlier AF detection and improved AF management. Objectives: This study sought to investigate the effectiveness of AF screening in a large population-based cohort using smart device–based photoplethysmography (PPG) technology, combined with a clinical care AF management pathway using a mobile health approach. Methods: AF screening was performed with smart devices using PPG technology, which were made available for the population ≥18 years of age across China. Monitoring for at least 14 days with a wristband (Honor Band 4) or wristwatch (Huawei Watch GT, Honor Watch, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China) was allowed. The patients with “possible AF” episodes using the PPG algorithm were further confirmed by health providers among the MAFA (mobile AF app) Telecare center and network hospitals, with clinical evaluation, electrocardiogram, or 24-h Holter monitoring. Results: There were 246,541 individuals who downloaded the PPG screening app, and 187,912 individuals used smart devices to monitor their pulse rhythm between October 26, 2018, and May 20, 2019. Among those with PPG monitoring (mean age 35 years, 86.7% male), 424 (of 187,912, 0.23%) (mean age 54 years, 87.0% male) received a “suspected AF” notification. Of those effectively followed up, 227 individuals (of 262, 87.0%) were confirmed as having AF, with the positive predictive value of PPG signals being 91.6% (95% confidential interval [CI]: 91.5% to 91.8%). Both suspected AF and identified AF markedly increased with age (p for trend

Extracting trusted label from unlabeled data and enhancing the discriminative ability of features are essential issues in person re-identification. The latest study shows that the progressive unsupervised learning has a good performance, and its advantage is specially shown in the ability to select reliable samples from the unlabeled dataset by clustering pedestrian features. Since the features extracted from the same pedestrian samples by the convolutional neural network trained by a softmax loss function may not have good clustering properties, a centralized clustering loss function (CCLF) is proposed in the letter. During the training process, CCLF makes the features of the same category close to the clustering center selected by $k$ -means++, and implements it by adding a distance penalty term on softmax. In the evaluation stage, the study finds that the features have better clustering characteristics and the discrimination is enhanced. The experiments were evaluated on datasets CHUK03, Market1501, and DukeMTMC-reID to verify the superiority of CCLF.

Background We investigated the clinical outcomes and behavior of HER2+ EBC according to centrally tested HR status in pts treated with modern chemotherapy (CT) and trastuzumab (T)-based regimens. Patients and methods ALTTO is an international phase 3 trial in HER2+ EBC pts randomized to 4 adjuvant anti-HER2 treatment arms: T alone, lapatinib (L) alone, their sequence (T->L) or their combination (T+L). Pts in the L alone arm were excluded from the present analysis. HER2 and HR status were centrally tested for all patients. HER2 status was defined based on the 2007 ASCO/CAP guidelines. HR-positive (HR+) was defined as ≥1% tumor cells with expression of estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone receptors.We investigated the prognosis of pts with HR+ or negative (HR-) HER2+ EBC, the risk of developing early (years 0-5) and late (years 6-8) recurrences, the factors impacting this risk, and the patterns of relapse according to HR status. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare hazard rates within the HR subgroups; a conditional landmark analysis was conducted to investigate late recurrences. For the hazard ratios for HR status, an interaction between log(time) and HR status was included as proportional hazard assumption was not satisfied. Results This analysis included 6,271 HER2+ pts of whom 3,601 (57%) had HR+ and 2,670(43%) HR- EBC. Median follow-up was 6.93 years (range 6.81-6.96). 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 86% (85-87) in HR+ and 83% (82-85) in HR- pts; 8-year DFS was 80% (78-81) in HR+ and 79% (77-81) in HR- pts. The mean annual hazards of recurrence in years 0-5 were 3% in HR+ and 4% in HR- pts, while in years 6-8 they were 3% in HR+ and 2% in HR- pts. The hazard ratios for HR status (ref=HR-) were 0.60 (0.51-0.72) overall, 0.74 (0.65-0.85) for years 0-5 and 1.61 (1.17-2.24) for years 6-8. In HR+ pts, risk factors for recurrence overall were age ≥65 (p=0.01), tumor size pT3-4 (p In HR- pts, risk factors for recurrence overall were BMI (obesity or underweight; p=0.01), pT3-4 (p HR+ pts had lower incidence of visceral disease (58.8% vs. 69.6%; p=0.005) and lung metastasis (18.5% vs. 27.8%; p=0.006); bone was the most common site of first recurrence (30%). Conclusions This large analysis of centrally tested HR+ and HR- HER2+ EBC provides strong evidence on the existence of two different diseases within the HER2+ population based on HR expression. These up-to-date estimates of pts outcomes after modern CT and T-based regimens may be used as “historical control” for the design of future de-escalation or escalation trials separately in HR+ and HR- HER2+ EBC pts. Citation Format: Lambertini M, Campbell C, Gelber RD, Viale G, McCullough A, Tonghua L, Hilbers F, Korde LA, Werner O, Chumsri S, Jackisch C, Wolff AC, Vaz-Luis I, Ferreira AR, Prat A, Moreno Aspitia A, Piccart M, Loi S, de Azambuja E. Dissecting the effect of hormone receptor (HR) status expression in patients (pts) with HER2-positive (HER2+) early breast cancer (EBC): Exploratory analysis from the ALTTO (BIG 2-06) trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-14.

The presence of operational satellites or small-body space debris is a challenge for autonomous ground-based space object observation. Although most space objects exceeding 10 cm in diameter have been cataloged, the position of each space object (based on six orbital parameters) remains important and should be updated periodically, as the Earth’s orbital perturbations cause disturbances. Modern ground-based passive optical telescopes equipped with complementary metal-oxide semiconductors have become widely used in astrometry engineering, being combined with image processing techniques for target signal enhancement. However, the detection and tracking performance of this equipment when employed with image processing techniques primarily depends on the size and brightness of the space target, which appears on the monitor screen under variable background interference conditions. A small and dim target has a highly sensitive tracking error compared to a bright target. Moreover, most image processing techniques for target signal enhancement require large computational power and memory; therefore, automatic tracking of a space target is difficult. The present work investigates autonomous space target detection and tracking to achieve high-sensitivity detection and improved tracking ability for non-Gaussian and dynamic backgrounds with a simple system mechanism and computational efficiency. We develop an improved particle filter (PF) using the ensemble Kalman filter (KF) for track-before-detect (TBD) frameworks, by modifying and optimizing the computational formula for our non-linear measurement function. We call this extended version the “ensemble Kalman PF-TBD (EnKPF-TBD).” Three sequential astronomical image datasets taken by the Asia-Pacific Ground-Based Optical Space Objects Observation System (APOSOS) telescope under different conditions are used to evaluate three proposed TBD baseline frameworks. Given an optimal random sample size, the EnKPF-TBD exhibits superior performance to PF-TBD and threshold-based unscented KF with two-dimensional peak search (2dPS). The EnKPF-TBD scheme achieves satisfactory performance for all variable background interference conditions, especially for a small and dim space target, in terms of tracking accuracy and computational efficiency.

It is hardly to reconstruct a huge defect of lower lip by using of partial flap which brings no mouth closing functional problem. In this study, we would like to introduce our experience in large full-thickness vermilion and lower lip/chin defects reconstruction, and also focus on the evaluation of the surgery effects.The large lower lip and chin (include vermilion) reconstruction were performed in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (2012-2015). The surgery experience was introduced in this study first. In the following section, after a statement of these basic problems, various situations involving are investigated, such as the surgical effects of aesthetic and function that were evaluated through a visual analogue scale (VAS) by doctors and patients separately. The VAS score assessments of 2 kinds of surgery were collected and compared.A total of 7 patients use the tongue flap alone. Four patients use the combination of the free forearm flap and the anterior ventral tongue flap (COMBO flap). The VAS score of doctors group was significantly lower than the patients group (P 0.05), and the aesthetic appearance was excellent (90 points). Language features were not affected (90 points). Slight mouth opening problems exist on these patients who were used COMBO flaps (80 points;90 points). The drooling and drumming gas problems were not observed. These 11 patients had no recurrence within 12 months after the operation.The 1:1 ratio between upper and lower lip is crucial to the design of anterior ventral tongue flap which brings with an excellent 3-dimensional morphologic and anatomic structure outcome. The bite block might become an essential operation step for vermilion reconstruction by using of tongue flap. And the COMBO flap may enhance the facial aesthetics and oral function for the reconstruction.

Scientific research data has an important strategic position for the development of enterprises and countries, and is an important basis for management to conduct strategic research and decision-making. Compared with the Internet industry, big data technology started late in the military enterprises, while military enterprises research data often has the characteristics of decentralization, low relevance, and diverse data types. It cannot fully utilize the advantages of data resources to enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises. To this end, this paper deeply explores the application methods of big data technology in military scientific research data management, and lays a foundation for the construction of scientific research big data platform.

A multi-factor reputation evaluation model of Internet of vehicles is proposed according to the malicious vehicle node and false information in the IOV (Internet of Vehicles). The model comprehensively considers the influence of traffics, information, environment and other factors on vehicle node reputation, and establishes a model of vehicle reputation evaluation. Facing with the characteristics of information of multiple applications, quantifies the influence of different factors and types of information on vehicle reputation.

This paper collects, organizes, and synthesizes existing literature in recent academic journals and case studies related to Blockchain Technology (BT) adoption through Supply Chain (SC) contractual coordination. We shall review the background of SC coordination segments and explain the development of SC coordination challenges with BT introduction. Based on the concepts stated, we discuss the reasons for contractual coordination via cost and revenue sharing contract in the adoption of BT. We close the paper with recommendations for future research in the adoption of BT through contractual coordination mechanism on the global spread SC that is futuristic and practically oriented.

In view of flameproof electrical apparatus gap measurement demand in the current coal mine and other flammable and combustible environment, this paper proposed a new automatic measurement method for mine flameproof clearance measuring, which is fast and easy to operate and satisfy the demand of gap measurement of bulk flameproof equipment under mine. Based on the image processing method, the measuring instrument uses the microscope camera to collect the image, and the gap width is obtained by analyzing and processing the gap in the image. The measurement is fast, real-time and portable, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the current underground safety inspection.

A CMM with multiple probing systems have the power to deliver tremendous benefits to most notably manufacturing, and have the advantage of high automation, high integration and high precision. According to the ISO standard 10360-9, multiple probing system location error should be identify and calibrated before use. In this paper, a location error self-calibration model was established based on a composite artifact. The location error of individual probing system can be respectively determined reference to the position of the probe configuration. An error separation procedure was introduced to correct this location error. A series of representative experiments were performed on a commercial combined probing system produced by our partner. The experimental results show that multiple probing systems location error was effectively reduced from 4.5μm to2.8μm. Also, this calibration evaluation is very apparently practical outside a laboratory due to its simple, portable, low-cost, and rational procedure.

BACKGROUND: Current management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited by low detection of AF, non-adherence to guidelines, and lack of consideration of patients' preferences, thus highlighting the need for a more holistic and integrated approach to AF management.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether a mobile health (mHealth) technology-supported AF integrated management strategy would reduce AF-related adverse events, compared with usual care.METHODS: This is a cluster randomized trial of patients with AF older than 18 years of age who were enrolled in 40 cities in China. Recruitment began on June 1, 2018 and follow-up ended on August 16, 2019. Patients with AF were randomized to receive usual care, or integrated care based on a mobile AF Application (mAFA) incorporating the ABC (Atrial Fibrillation Better Care) Pathway: A, Avoid stroke; B, Better symptom management; and C, Cardiovascular and other comorbidity risk reduction. The primary composite outcome was a composite of stroke/thromboembolism, all-cause death, and rehospitalization. Rehospitalization alone was a secondary outcome. Cardiovascular events were assessed using Cox proportional hazard modeling after adjusting for baseline risk.RESULTS: There were 1,646 patients allocated to mAFA intervention (mean age, 67.0 years; 38.0% female) with mean follow-up of 262 days, whereas 1,678 patients were allocated to usual care (mean age, 70.0 years; 38.0% female) with mean follow-up of 291 days. Rates of the composite outcome of 'ischemic stroke/systemic thromboembolism, death, and rehospitalization' were lower with the mAFA intervention compared with usual care (1.9% vs. 6.0%; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22 to 0.67; p < 0.001). Rates of rehospitalization were lower with the mAFA intervention (1.2% vs. 4.5%; HR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.60; p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses by sex, age, AF type, risk score, and comorbidities demonstrated consistently lower HRs for the composite outcome for patients receiving the mAFA intervention compared with usual care (all p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: An integrated care approach to holistic AF care, supported by mHealth technology, reduces the risks of rehospitalization and clinical adverse events. (Mobile Health [mHealth] technology integrating atrial fibrillation screening and ABC management approach trial; ChiCTR-OOC-17014138).

Melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer, attracting increasing attention worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of patients with metastatic melanoma is low. Therefore, it is critical to identify potential effective biomarkers for diagnosis of melanoma metastasis. In the present study, the melanoma cohort and immune genes were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the ImmPort database, respectively. Then, we constructed the immune risk score (IRS) using univariate and multivariate logistic analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) of IRS in sequencing samples and the initial diagnosis patients was 0.90 and 0.80, respectively. Besides, IRS could add benefits for metastasis diagnosis. For sequencing samples, IRS (OR = 16.35, 95% CI = 8.74–30.59) increased the odds for melanoma metastasis. Similar results were obtained in the initial diagnosis patients (OR = 8.93, 95% CI = 3.53–22.61). A composite nomogram was built based on IRS and clinical information with well-fitted calibration curves. We further used other independent melanoma cohorts from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to confirm the reliability and validity of the IRS (AUC > 0.75, OR > 1.04, and P value < 0.01 in all cohorts). In conclusion, IRS is significantly associated with melanoma metastasis and can be a novel effective signature for predicting the metastasis risk.

Parallel connection of MOSFET devices is an available solution for low-voltage and high-current field. But the current sharing among paralleled power MOSFETs is hardly realized, on account of the parameter variations of MOSFETs, the uneven scattered parameters of layouts or packages, the different parameters of gate drive and so on. The paper analyzes the characteristic parameters of MOSFET and effects of circuit parameters on the static and dynamic drain current. In this paper, the current balance of each parallel branch is realized by adopting the current-sharing method of coupling inductor that coupling coils of common magnetic core are connected in each branch of parallel connection, according to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction and the principle of flux constraint. Then, the circuit and mathematical models of coupling inductors were presented to reveal its mechanism to eliminate the unbalance current actively. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the current-sharing method for parallel power MOSFET with series-coupled inductors are verified by simulation.

With the increasing scale of the power grid, there exists more and more equipment in it. Thus, the probability of accidents due to the fault of a certain equipment is getting higher. Therefore, it is significant to detect and diagnose the abnormal equipment timely and effectively to keep power grid safety and steady. In this paper, we propose a fault diagnosis system to address this critical problem. Specifically, the system uses the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) module to collect the switch quantity information, and conducts single fault diagnosis based on Bayesian network. In addition, it also adapts the fault recorder to obtain the electricity quantity information, and performs multiple fault diagnosis based on D-S evidence theory and fuzzy C-Means (FCM) algorithm. Ultimately, the results demonstrate that the proposed diagnosis system has high accuracy and practicability.

To detect the real-time plasma plume during pulse wave Nd:YAG laser welding, experimental studies were conducted based on asynchronous signal acquisition system. The electrical signals of the laser-induced plasma plume were obtained by a passive acquisition system. The plume was directly observed and recorded using synchronous high-speed camera. The results showed that the waveform of the signals was in accordance with the periodical laser power. The signals decreased after the laser was turned on and fluctuated relatively steadily on the stable stage and then increased to 0 V after the laser beam was turned off. The decreasing time of the electrical signals was roughly 1.0 ms, and it decreased with the increasing peak power. However, the average power had insignificant effect on the signal decreasing time.

A passive electrical probe device is employed to detect the electrical signals of the plasma in the experiments of YAG laser welding on 304 stainless steels. The high-speed CCD camera device is synchronously triggered to record the plasma plume shape. The corresponding relation between plasma plume shape and electrical signal is found by analyzing the fluctuation of the plasma plume shape and the change of the detected electrical signal. A shape of the plasma plume expands corresponding to the electrical signal declining while a shape of the plasma plume contracts corresponding to the signal electrical increasing. This indicates that the voltage fluctuation of the electrical signal can be used to characterize the expansion and contraction of the plasma plume shape, so the electrical signal can be used to analyze the fluctuation characteristic of the plasma plume. The electrical signals are processed by FFT. A characteristic peak occur on the frequency spectrum of the electrical signal in the deep penetration laser welding. In contrast, the frequency spectrum of the electrical signals did not show a characteristic peak in the heat conduction welding. A method named spectral intensity is proposed to compare the difference between deep penetration laser welding and heat conduction welding. The result demonstrates that the spectral intensities of deep penetration laser welding are larger than those of heat conduction welding.

In recent years, energy conservation and emission reduction have been the main targets for the industry of internal combustion engine (ICE). The waste heat recovery from ICEs can improve the overall energy efficiency obviously and reduce fuel consumption greatly. Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising approach to recover waste heat energy and has been used to harness low-grade heat extensively. In this paper, a simulation model of a combined system of ICE-ORC is built using GT-Suite software. Then, the dynamic performance of the ICE-ORC combined system is studied. The results can provide some meaningful insights for the practical application of ORC system on automotive engines.

It is a challenging task to use deep learning methods to understand point cloud data and assign semantics due to the complexity of point cloud data structure. In this Letter, a fully convolutional network is designed by the authors to perform point cloud semantic segmentation. The proposed network based on PointNet++ takes point cloud data as input and predicts a semantic label for each point. Their network consists of three parts. In the first, different scale features are extracted, the second part reduces the extracted features and then fuses them, and in the third part, more structural information of the point cloud is preserved by up-sampling with deconvolution to reconstruct the point cloud. They have carried out part segmentation and semantic segmentation of ShapeNet and S3DIS datasets, respectively, and the validity of the network has been verified.

The gait of Amur tiger was studied through video images, and a more accurate individual recognition system of Wild Amur tiger was given on the premise of supplementing pattern recognition technology. Through further research on the common gait of Amur tiger, the basic information database was established to realize the physiological state research of Amur tiger. The characteristic structure and movement standard model of Amur tiger were constructed to complete the simulation and reconstruction of Amur tiger’s routine movement. Through the simulation corridor of tiger movement trajectory, the ecological protection area can be divided effectively.

Plasma oscillations were investigated by electrical detection under different operating parameters during bead-on-plate welding of 304 stainless steel with a Nd:YAG laser. The varied parameters were the laser output power, welding speed, assistant gas type and assistant gas flow rate. The plasma electrical signals were detected by a passive electrical probe and analyzed in the frequency domain by power spectral density analysis. Combined with observation of the corresponding weld cross sections, the fluctuating characteristics of the plasma in different welding modes were obtained. A high-speed camera was employed to observe the plasma during experiments using different types and flow rates of side assistant gas. The features of plasma, including the plasma area and inclination angle, were extracted by the mathematical morphology method. By comparing the electrical signal of plasma with the extracted plasma features, the effects of the side assistant gas on the oscillations of plasma were discussed.

Advanced high-voltage and overvoltage measurement techniques are required for smart grid construction. The existing overvoltage measurement methods that are currently used for power system measurements are mostly based on the use of electromagnetic voltage transformers and capacitive voltage transformers, which have contradiction in measuring accuracy, measuring distance, antijamming, and system compatibility. A batteryless sensor for contactless measurement of the overvoltage on overhead transmission lines based on a combination of the electrooptic effect in LiNbO3 with stray capacitance in the air is designed in this work. On the basis of this design, a dual-crystal structure-based electrooptic conversion unit is presented that eliminates the natural birefringence and improves the operating stability of the sensor. Testing platforms were set up to measure the characteristics of the sensor in thermal stability. In combination with a data acquisition device, the newly designed sensor was applied to online monitoring of the overvoltage in the ac bus and the overhead transmission lines of a 500-kV transformer station and a ±500-kV convertor station in the China Southern Power Grid.

A flight dynamics model based on elastic blades for helicopters is developed. Modal shape analysis is used to describe the rotating elastic blades for the purpose of reducing the elastic degrees of freedom for blades. The analytical result is employed to predict the rotor forces and moments. The equilibrium equation of the flight dynamics model is then constructed for the elastic motion for blades and the rigid motion for other parts. The nonlinear equation is further simplified, and the gradient descent algorithm is adopted to implement the trim simulation. The trim analysis shows that the effect of blade elasticity on the accuracy of rotor forces and moments is apparent at high speed, and the proposed method presents good accuracy for trim performance. The time-domain response is realized by a combination of the Newmark method and the adaptive Runge-Kutta method. The helicopter control responses of collective pitch show that the response accuracy of the model at a yaw-and-pitch attitude is improved. Finally, the influence of blade elasticity on the helicopter dynamic response in low-altitude wind shear is investigated. An increase in blade elasticity reduces the oscillation amplitude of the yaw angle and the vertical speed by more than 70%. Compared with a rigid blade, an elastic blade reduces the vibration frequency of the angular velocity and results in a fast return of the helicopter to its stable flight.

Objective Herbal medicines containing toxic herbs or minerals such as Compound Danshen Tablet (CDT), Angong Niuhuang Pill (ANP), and Lidan Paishi Tablet (LPT) are avoided or used with caution for pregnant women because of potential teratogenicity. To understand their mechanism, they were chosen as model subjects for the research. Methods Zebrafish embryos were used to evaluate their potential teratogenic risk in vitro. Results All of them showed teratogenic and lethal effects in zebrafish embryos, with the EC50 values at 351, 793, and 220 μg/mL, and LC50 values at 417, 596, and 380 μg/mL, respectively. CDT and LPT, displaying week potential teratogenicity as their teratogenicity indexes were greater than 1, induced tail malformation and cardiac edema mainly in zebrafish embryos, respectively. Conclusion The results provide the significant guidance of clinical safety of medication.

The cooperative parking robot completes the parking work in the form of a group of four robots working together. In this paper, we do calculation on some significant parameters which can be used to choose power source. We calculate the torque, speed, and power required by the power source according to the load and speed of parking robot. In addition, we perform force analysis calculations on key mechanisms of the robot. The checking of the strength of key parts and the finite element analysis of the whole structure by using the software ABAQUS are also carried out in this paper. The software ADAMS is also used to analyze forces during the process of lifting and lowering the wheel.

Demand uncertainty is leading to the inventory risk for the downstream retailers and the random unsold products return flow as well as random demand from the secondary market are risky for the upstream suppliers, which are differ the return flow from the traditional forward flow. The following two scenarios have been examined: the retailers process inventory products on their own; and the suppliers remanufacture the downstream retailers inventory products. The decision of remanufacturing or recycling selection of the upstream suppliers is studied. The paper proposes a supply chain model based on the influence of recovery effort and consumers' price sensitivity to the remanufactured or recycled products. We use the reverse induction method in the game theory to find out the Nash equilibrium solution of the supply chain under different circumstances and then discussed whether the supplier chooses the constraint condition of remanufacturing. We simulated and analyzed the cost coefficient of recovery effort, the influence of price sensitivity coefficient, the recovery effort efficiency coefficient, the repurchase price on the decision-making behavior and expected profits of supplier and retailer. The results show that the suppliers choose to remanufacturing decision depends on recovery effort cost factor, price sensitivity coefficient, recovery effort efficiency factor and repurchase price.

Accurate location of micro-seismic source in underground coal mine is of great significance for monitoring and early warning of dynamic disaster. Micro-seismic source information is generally extracted through inversion of the data acquired by the underground sensors. The installation of the sensors is limited around underground roadway. The unreasonable arrangement of sensors along the roadway will greatly decrease the precision of the seismic location. As for the ill-posed problems caused by the inversion for source location with sensor-received information, high precision location algorithm of micro-seismic source based on the arrangement optimization of monitoring points is presented in this paper. Firstly, the ill-posed problems are judged by calculating the coefficient matrix condition numbers. The ill-posed matrix is then pretreated by centralization and row balance jointly. The regularization parameters of pretreated matrix A and b are calculated by the L-curve method. The seismic source coordinates regularization solution is obtained via Tikhonov regularization algorithm. The research shows that the matrix magnitude is decreased hugely with centralization method, ill-posed condition numbers are reduced with row balance pretreatment. The minimum seismic source coordinate error of Tikhonov regularization solution after the pretreatment is 3.09 m which has been greatly decreased compared to the error by Gaussian elimination solution before the pretreatment. High precision seismic source location is realized in limited space of underground roadway by the above optimization processing.

Measurement of lightning and switching transient overvoltage in power system is significant to the research that guides the protection of power system. A new type of sensor for non-contact measurement of lightning and switching transient overvoltage in power system is designed in this study. This sensor is composed of two parts, namely, voltage induction and optoelectronic conversion units. Given the existing stray coupling capacitor C 1 between the transmission line or bus bar and a metal plate placed under it, a voltage induction unit is designed by utilizing the C 1 and a capacitor with fixed value C 2 connected in series, then the high-voltage non-contact induction on a transmission line or bus bar is achieved. The optoelectronic conversion unit is designed based on the Pockels effect of the LiNbO 3 crystal. The voltage signal induced by the voltage induction unit can be converted to an optical signal by the optoelectronic conversion unit for long-distance transmission through optical fibers without power supply at the monitoring site. Laboratory and field tests revealed that the new developed sensor possesses good linear region, high precision, and wide frequency band of the response to lightning and switching transient overvoltage in power system. The sensor can also be applied to the non-contact measurement of lightning and switching transient overvoltage in power system with different voltage levels by conveniently adjusting the distance between the sensor and the line.

This paper discussed how to protect and control the quality of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in nature reserves by taking Longyuwan National Forest Park within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve as an example. Through the combination of three methods including literature review, visiting and investigational studies, and field surveys, the data of investigation, collection and collation were analyzed. According to data of surveys, collection and collation, problems related to the protection of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources faced by Longyuwan Scenic Spot within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve were also analyzed and protection strategies and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in this nature reserve were discussed. It was expected that the results would provide important scientific references for the sustainable development, protection and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources within nature reserves.

Background Lapatinib (L) plus trastuzumab (T) improves outcomes for metastatic human epidermal growth factor 2–positive breast cancer and increases the pathologic complete response in the neoadjuvant setting, but their role as adjuvant therapy remains uncertain. Methods In the Adjuvant Lapatinib and/or Trastuzumab Treatment Optimization trial, patients with centrally confirmed human epidermal growth factor 2–positive early breast cancer were randomly assigned to 1 year of adjuvant therapy with T, L, their sequence (T→L), or their combination (L+T). The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS), with 850 events required for 80% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.8 for L+T versus T. Results Between June 2007 and July 2011, 8,381 patients were enrolled. In 2011, due to futility to demonstrate noninferiority of L versus T, the L arm was closed, and patients free of disease were offered adjuvant T. A protocol modification required P ≤ .025 for the two remaining pairwise comparisons. At a protocol-specified analysis with a median follow-up of 4.5 years, a 16% reduction in the DFS hazard rate was observed with L+T compared with T (555 DFS events; HR, 0.84; 97.5% CI, 0.70 to 1.02; P = .048), and a 4% reduction was observed with T→L compared with T (HR, 0.96; 97.5% CI, 0.80 to 1.15; P = .61). L-treated patients experienced more diarrhea, cutaneous rash, and hepatic toxicity compared with T-treated patients. The incidence of cardiac toxicity was low in all treatment arms. Conclusion Adjuvant treatment that includes L did not significantly improve DFS compared with T alone and added toxicity. One year of adjuvant T remains standard of care.

Fabric defect detection is very important in the textile quality process. Current deep learning algorithms are not effective in detecting tiny and extreme aspect ratio fabric defects. In this paper, we proposed a strong detection method, Priori Anchor Convolutional Neural Network (PRAN-Net), for fabric defect detection to improve the detection and location accuracy of fabric defects and decrease the inspection time. First, we used Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) by selected multi-scale feature maps to reserve more detailed information of tiny defects. Secondly, we proposed a trick to generate sparse priori anchors based on fabric defects ground truth boxes instead of fixed anchors to locate extreme defects more accurately and efficiently. Finally, a classification network is used to classify and refine the position of the fabric defects. The method was validated on two self-made fabric datasets. Experimental results indicate that our method significantly improved the accuracy and efficiency of detecting fabric defects and is more suitable to the automatic fabric defect detection.

Melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. We found that immune response played important roles in melanoma metastasis by GSEA analysis. Therefore, we constructed the immune risk score (IRS) by the LASSO-COX analysis in the sequencing metastatic samples from the TCGA database. Then, initial diagnosis patients with metastasis were selected as the test cohort. Importantly, we adopted overall survival (OS) as the survival outcome for initial diagnosis patients, while adopting the observed survival interval (OBS) as the survival outcome for sequencing samples which could avoid biologically meaningless associations. We found that the IRS had high power for predicting 2, 3 and 5-year survival in training (AUC = 0.70, 0.69 and 0.68) and test cohorts (AUC = 0.72, 0.70 and 0.65). The IRS was significantly associated with prognosis both in the metastatic samples (HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.16-2.19) and patients with metastasis (HR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.69-4.53). we further used other independent melanoma cohorts from the GEO databases to confirm the reliability and validity of the IRS (P 0.01 in all cohorts). The practical nomogram was also built using the IRS and clinical information with high c-index both in training (0.76, 95%CI = 0.72-0.80) and test cohorts (0.72, 95%CI = 0.65-0.79). Finally, IRS showed the predictive value of survival outcome and response of immunotherapy patients, and increased the predictive ability of current immune checkpoint gene markers. In conclusion, the IRS can serve as a potential biomarker for prognosis and responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma patients.