Author: "M. Arshad" / Topic: business - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Association between Achilles and Plantar Calcaneal Spur in Pakistani Population Presenting with Pain

Author: T. M. Mirza, D. Arshad, M. Amjad, M. Arshad, A. Ammar, Z. Arshad, and T. Arshad
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, Pakistani population, Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Calcaneal spur, humanities
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the prevalence and associationbetween Achilles and plantar calcaneal spurs in Pakistani population. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in the radiology department Combined Military Hospital Lahore from October 2020 to December 2020. Methodology: Three hundred and thirty five patients were enrolled. The age and sex of the patients were recorded. Lateral foot and/ or ankle radiographs were evaluated for presence of calcaneal spurs. Results:Mean age 38 years.There were 268 (80%) males and 67 (20%) females. 30.7% patients had a calcaneal spur in our population irrespective of age and gender. 13% patients had both posterior and inferior calcaneal spurs. There was higher prevalence of inferior calcaneal spur irrespective of age and gender.Posterior calcaneal spur was seen in 20% of males and in 15% of females. A total of 44 (68%) patients with posterior plantar spur were found to have a concomitant inferior calcaneal spur.Inferior calcaneal spur was seen in 25% of males and in 28% of females and positive correlation between posterior and inferior calcaneal spurs. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of calcaneal spurs, which increases with advances of age. Inferior calcaneal spurs tend to be more prevalent in females. Furthermore, there is a significant association between the presence of posterior calcaneal spurs and the concomitant inferior calcaneal spurs. Key words: Achilles, Plantar, Calcaneal, Spur
Published: 2021

2. A New Approach for Estimating Insulation Condition of Field Transformers Using FRA

Author: Hussein Ahmad, Mohd Fairouz Mohd Yousof, S. N. M. Arshad, Hazlee Azil Illias, and S. Al-Ameri
Subjects: Frequency response, insulation, lcsh:Computer engineering. Computer hardware, Frequency response analysis, General Computer Science, Computer science, business.industry, 020209 energy, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Mechanical integrity, lcsh:TK7885-7895, macromolecular substances, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, power transformers, law.invention, insulation testing, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, frequency response, lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Transformer, lcsh:TK1-9971
Abstract: Frequency response analysis (FRA) is a tool for evaluating mechanical integrity of transformer's core and winding. However, several studies have reported that FRA is also sensitive to other parameters such as temperature, moisture content and presence of oil. Since some of these parameters are critical in the insulation degradation process, it is interesting to further investigate the possibility of using FRA for insulation assessment. In this paper, the insulation conditions of three field transformers are investigated using FRA. This is performed after statistical analysis on the response suggested no mechanical damage on the transformers. The responses are further analyzed to determine the percentage of change of winding capacitance. This is achieved by comparing resonance frequencies between the responses. The percentage of change represents the amount of degradation in the insulation. This is because as the insulation condition degrades, the response is shifted towards lower frequencies. This new investigation demonstrates the applicability of FRA to estimate the insulation degradation.
Published: 2020

3. Irradiation-induced structural changes in ZnO nanowires

Author: M. Arshad, Fabian I. Ezema, Ting-kai Zhao, Maaza Malik, Samson O. Aisida, Raphael M. Obodo, Iram Mahmood, and Ishaq Ahmad
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fabrication, Nanostructure, Materials science, business.industry, Nanowire, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Fluence, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, Nanomaterials, Optoelectronics, Irradiation, 0210 nano-technology, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: It is a misunderstanding that higher energy ion irradiation on nanomaterials has only detrimental effects on their properties. Recent research reveals that higher energy irradiation on nanostructure materials is favorable with advantageous effects. Light, medium, heavy ions, and high energy photons serve as a veritable tool to synthesized nanowires for these effects. In this article, experimental research on the impact of ion species and high energy photons irradiation on structured ZnO nanowires (ZnO-NWs) and at different ion energies (keV to MeV), ion fluences, and substrate temperatures are discussed. The study has revealed that ZnO-NWs structures were damaged at high irradiation fluence under room temperature. Moreover, the porous structures of ZnO-NWs are created by light ions irradiation at a higher temperature. It is noteworthy that the effect of these irradiation beams induced-cutting of ZnO-NWs and fabrication of nano-holes in ZnO-NWs valuable for nano-devices in space technology under harsh environment.
Published: 2019

4. DENGUE FEVER

Author: Saima Batool, Tooa Riaz, M. Arshad Mahmood, Muhammad Naeem, Tehmina Saba, Sara Rubab, and Aneela Shaheen
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Medicine, business, medicine.disease, Dengue fever
Abstract: Background: Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-born viral illness in theworld. Clinically dengue ranges from asymptomatic, non-febrile illness, classic dengue todengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. Objective: Subjects & Methods: Thisstudy was included 79 patients conducted at Nawaz Sharif Social Sevurity Hospital, Lahoreduring the epidemic of dengue in Lahore from September 2011 to Dec 2011. Results: Twenty outof 79 patients suspected of dengue fever were dengue IgM positive. Male to female ratio was1.19: 1. Our study included 79 patients suspected of having dengue fever. Fever was the mostcommon symptom in these patients. Conclusions: Early identification of dengue with risk ofdeveloping hemorrhage is an important clinical objective. The morbidity and mortality can bereduced by appropriate and judicious treatment of dengue patients.
Published: 2018

5. Cannabis, a Miracle Drug with Polyvalent Therapeutic Utility: Preclinical and Clinical-Based Evidence

Author: Mohammad Ahmed Khan, Asif Iqubal, Farazul Hoda, Rishabh Verma, Syed Ehtaishamul Haque, Ali Nasir Siddiqui, Mohd Akhtar, M. Arshad, and Abul Kalam Najmi
Subjects: Drug, cannabis, medicine.medical_specialty, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, media_common.quotation_subject, alzheimer, multiple sclerosis, Food and drug administration, cannabidiol, medicine, cancer, Pharmacology (medical), Pharmaceutical sciences, Psychiatry, media_common, Drug enforcement, Pharmacology, biology, business.industry, food and beverages, emesis, biology.organism_classification, Palliative Therapy, Complementary and alternative medicine, Preclinical Science and Clinical Studies − Review Article, Medical cannabis, epilepsy, Medicine, Cannabis, business, chronic pain, Cannabidiol, marijuana, medicine.drug
Abstract: Cannabis sativa L. is an annual herbaceous dioecious plant which was first cultivated by agricultural human societies in Asia. Over the period of time, various parts of the plant like leaf, flower, and seed were used for recreational as well as therapeutic purposes. The main chemical components of Cannabis sativa are termed as cannabinoids, among them the key psychoactive constituent is Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol (CBD) as active nonpsychotic constituent. Upon doing extensive literature review, it was found that cannabis has been widely studied for a number of disorders. Very recently, a pure CBD formulation, named Epidiolex, got a green flag from both United States Food and Drug Administration and Drug Enforcement Administration for 2 rare types of epilepsies. This laid a milestone in medical cannabis research. This review intends to give a basic and extensive assessment, from past till present, of the ethnological, plant, chemical, pharmacological, and legal aspects of C. sativa. Further, this review contemplates the evidence the studies obtained of cannabis components on Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, emesis, epilepsy, chronic pain, and cancer as a cytotoxic agent as well as a palliative therapy. The assessment in this study was done by reviewing in extensive details from studies on historical importance, ethnopharmacological aspects, and legal grounds of C. sativa from extensive literature available on the scientific databases, with a vision for elevating further pharmaceutical research to investigate its total potential as a therapeutic agent.
Published: 2021

6. Level of anxiety among healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia: cross-sectional study

Author: Saad Alhumaid, M. Arshad, Abbas Al Mutair, Yasmine Alabbasi, Abbas Shamsan, Mansour Awad, Alya Al Mutairi, Sana Al-Mahmoud, and Ali A. Rabaan
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Generalized anxiety disorder, Cross-sectional study, Saudi Arabia, Psychiatry and Psychology, Nursing, Anxiety, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Informed consent, medicine, Socioeconomic status, business.industry, General Neuroscience, COVID-19, Health care facilities, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Institutional review board, Mental health, Infectious Diseases, Family medicine, Medicine, Marital status, medicine.symptom, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, business, Healthcare provider
Abstract: Background The burden of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted widely on the healthcare providers physically and mentally. Many healthcare providers are exposed to psychological stressors due to their high risk of contracting the virus. Aims This study aimed to measure the level of anxiety among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. In addition, this study aimed to measure the level of anxiety based on demographic characteristics. Method A cross-sectional survey was employed to recruit a convenience sample of healthcare providers. A pencil and paper self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from demographic and generalized anxiety disorder GAD-7 data. However, this study received written informed consent from participants of the study. In addition, the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group (IRB Log No. RC20.06.88-03). Results A total of 650 participants were recruited, results of GAD-7 showed that 43.5%, 28.9% and 27.5% of healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia experienced mild, moderate and severe anxiety, respectively, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicated that age, health specialty, nationality, and sleeping disorders before COVID-19 were associated with anxiety levels. Conclusion The generalized anxiety among healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia was mild. Older healthcare providers were found to have a higher level of anxiety compared to other participating healthcare providers. Several factors may contribute to a higher level of anxiety including age, socioeconomic status, marital status, having chronic conditions, and sleeping disorder before the COVID-19 pandemic. To further understand the level of anxiety among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, longitudinal and mixed-method research is needed.
Published: 2021

7. Intra-Operative Radiation Therapy and Surgical Excision for Locally Recurrent Gastrointestinal Cancers: Initial Results of a Single-Institution Registry

Author: Blase N. Polite, Neil Hyman, Stanley L. Liauw, Hania A. Al-Hallaq, and M. Arshad
Subjects: Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Radiation, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Brachytherapy, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Oncology, Median follow-up, Resection margin, Medicine, Anal cancer, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, External beam radiotherapy, business, Abscess, Survival analysis
Abstract: Purpose/Objective(s) A data registry was established upon implementation of a program of intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT) using high-dose rate brachytherapy. We evaluated the initial experience of patients with locally recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) cancers to help inform future patient selection and optimal multi-modal treatment management. Materials/Methods All patients treated with surgical resection and IORT at a tertiary referral center were prospectively enrolled in a registry after program implementation in 2015. Candidates for IORT included patients who presented with disease likely to be resected with either close or positive margins based on multi-disciplinary evaluation. Patient, disease, and treatment characteristics including radiation history and acute (within 90 days, Clavien-Dindo grade) were recorded. IORT was administered using a HAM applicator, with field size and location determined intra-operatively, prescribed to 1 cm depth with lead blocking as appropriate. Patterns of failure and toxicity were analyzed. Time to event analysis was conducted using Kaplan Meier method, and contingency tables and chi square statistics evaluated differences in frequency of events. Results Twenty-one patients were identified with locally recurrent GI cancer (rectal 62%, colon 29%, and anal cancer, 9%) who underwent surgical resection and IORT with curative intent. Median age was 58 years. All patients had a history of pelvic external beam radiotherapy (EBRT, median 50.4 Gy); 9 (43%) were treated with pre-operative reirradiation (median dose 43 Gy, median 2 mo prior to surgery). The median IORT dose was 12.5 Gy (range 10-15). Resection was pathologically complete (R0, n = 9), or with microscopic (R1, n = 11) or macroscopic residual (R2, n = 1). Median follow up was 20 months. Twelve (57%) patients had failure at the site of IORT, at a median 7 mo. Freedom from failure (FFF) within the IORT field was associated with resection status (FFF-1y 75% for R0 vs 15% for R1/2, P = 0.0065) but not re-irradiation EBRT or IORT dose (P > 0.05). Pelvic failure beyond the IORT site occurred in 5 (24%) patients at a median 5 mo, and 13 (62%) had eventual distant metastases, at a median 5.5 months. Ultimately, only 3 patients (14%) were disease free at last follow-up. The median hospital stay was 6 days, the 90-day readmission rate was 25%, and acute grade 3 toxicity was observed in 43%, with abscess/sepsis most common (n = 5, 24%). Grade 3 toxicities and 90-day admission were not associated with resection status or EBRT (all P > 0.1). There were no 90-day grade 4/5 toxicities. Conclusion In patients treated with surgical excision and IORT for locally recurrent GI cancer, the ability to achieve a clear resection margin is a critical determinant of in-field local control. Patient selection should consider the chance for R0 resection, as well as the risk of regional or distant progression, when evaluating patients for this aggressive multi-modal treatment.
Published: 2021

8. Evaluation of machine learning methods for classification of rotational absorption spectra for gases in the 220–330 GHz range

Author: M. Arshad Zahangir Chowdhury, Matthew A. Oehlschlaeger, and Timothy E. Rice
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Perceptron, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Support vector machine, Fingerprint, Classifier (linguistics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Range (statistics), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Radial basis function, Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract: Machine learning (ML) methods are implemented to classify rotational absorption spectra for gas-phase compounds in the THz region, specifically 220–330 GHz where experimental data is available. Eight ML methods were trained in both standard and one-versus-rest (OVR) implementations using simulated absorption spectra for 12 volatile organic compounds and halogenated hydrocarbons of interest in industrial and environmental gas sensing applications. The performance of the resulting ML classifiers was compared against simulated training spectra in both a 70–30 training–testing split and in tenfold cross-validation studies, with the classifiers exhibiting accuracies in the range of 88–99% for simulated spectra. The classifiers were then tested for their ability to classify noisy experimental rotational spectra for methanol, ethanol, formic acid, acetaldehyde, acetonitrile, and chloromethane. The OVR implementations of the support vector machine (SVM) classifier with both linear and radial basis function kernels and the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier achieved average classification accuracies of 87–94% for the experimental dataset. The study shows that THz spectra in the present frequency region provide a sufficient spectral fingerprint for ML classifiers to learn and predict speciation, allowing automated gas sensing. The present methods can be extrapolated to different frequency ranges and compounds and conditions.
Published: 2021

9. Simulation of reverse power relay in 11 kV generator protection

Author: Y. Y. Lee, Mohammed Imran Mousa, Kamyar Mehranzamir, Hadi Nabipour-Afrouzi, Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani, C. L. Wooi, and S. N. M. Arshad
Subjects: Power station, Computer science, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Fault (power engineering), law.invention, Power (physics), Electric power system, Electricity generation, law, Relay, Digital protective relay, Transformer, business
Abstract: This paper proposed the modelling and simulation of generator protection for power system using digital reverse power relay. The operations of the power plant are often interrupted by the reverse power generation. Therefore, generators need to be closely monitored and controlled. In this study, 11 kV synchronous generators are connected to 220 kV load through a step-up transformer, and a new model of reverse power relay is added for generator protection. The reverse power relay proposed in this paper is a digital relay with high accuracy and high reacting speed. Several cases based on various types of mechanical inputs to the generator were studied to test the operation of the reverse power relay. This simulation was done using MATLAB/Simulink. The results show that the 11 kV generator protection is successful with this new model reverse power relay. Besides, the simulation results were similar result compared to the theory result. From the simulation results, the integral output of the relay will reach the threshold value ‘L’ whenever there is a reversed power flow fault found in the system. Consequently, the relay will be triggered to provide protection for the generator. This model has been added into online resources of MATLAB Power System Tools. In addition, this model may also help the engineers to develop the analytical skills under various conditions.
Published: 2021

10. BJS commission on surgery and perioperative care post-COVID-19

Author: E. Abahuje, A. Abbas, M. Abd El Aziz Abd El Maksoud, A. Abdelhady, S. Abdelhamid, H. Abdelkarem Ahmed Faraj, B. Abdelqader, T. Abdelrahman, H. Abdou, A. Abdullah, M. Abedua Harrison, E. Abem Owusu, A. Aboalazayem, R. Aboulhosn, S. Abu Oda, A. Abubakar, A. Abutaka, D. Acevedo Fontalvo, S. Acuna, A. Adefemi, S. Adegbola, T. Adenuga, A. Adeyeye, A. Adil Hilmi, A. Adisa, K. Aditya, T. Adjeso, R. Aftab, A. Afzal, V. Aggarwal, A. Aggarwal, R. Aguilera, M. -L. Aguilera-Are´valo, E. J. Aguirre Salamanca, I. Aguirre-Allende, D. Ahari, H. Ahmad, F. Ahmad Rauf, A. Ahmad Zartasht Khan, S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed Fieturi, S. Ahmed Mohamed, Z. Ahmed-Bakhsh, M. Ahsan Javed, L. Akano, A. Akbar, M. Akhbari, P. Akhmedov, G. Aksit, Y. Akula, A. S. Alagaratnam, S. Al Majid, O. Al Mukhtar, H. Al Omran, N. AlAsali, M. Al-Azzawi, R. Al-Habsi, H. Al-Iraqi, H. Al-Naggar, E. Alameer, H. Albirnawi, D. Alderson, F. Aldulaijan, R. Alejandro Miranda Ojeda, A. AlHasan, S. Ali, A. Ali, M. Ali Khan, Y. Alimova, F. Aljanadi, R. Aljubure, N. Allopi, H. Almedbal, M. Almubarak, Z. Alqaidoom, N. Alselaim, M. Alshaar, R. Alshammari, K. Altaf, S. Altıner, B. Altunpak, L. A. Alvarez Lozada, E. Amal Nahal, A. Amer, K. Amin, U. Aminu, N. Amisi Numbi, T. Amjad, R. Amoah, Y. An, N. -A. Anastasopoulos, J. Andre´s Urrutia, F. Angarita, K. -L. Angarita, M. A´ ngel FreirI´a Eiras, A. Antypas, M. A. Anwar, H. Anwar, T. O. Apampa, K. Apostolou, C. Aquina, R. Arachchige Adithi Himika Randeni, M. I. Archila Godı´nez, O. Arez, A. A. Arezzo, P. Armonis, S. Arshad, M. Arshad Salman, A. Arshid, P. C. Arteaga Asensio, T. Arthur, A. Arumuga Jothi, F. Aryo Damara, L. Asensio Gomez, J. Ashcroft, S. Ashraf, A. Asif, M. Atif, M. Attaullah Khan, N. Avellaneda, S. Awad, M. Awadh, A. Axiaq, A. Ayad Mohammed Shuwayyah, D. Ayalew, E. Aytac, F. Azam, J. Azevedo, B. Azhar, J. Aziz, A. Aziz, A. Azzam, A. Baba Ndajiwo, M. Baig, D. Baker, F. Bakko, R. Balachandran, G. Balachandran, J. Balagizi Mudekereza, E. Balai, B. Balci, A. Balduzzi, A. Balhareth, S. Bandyopadhyay, D. Banerjee, D. Bangalore Mahalinga, B. Bankhead-Kendall, N. D. A. Bankole, V. Banwell, F. Baris Bengur, B. Baris Ozmen, M. Barnard, R. Barnett, J. A. Barreras Espinoza, A. Barrios, G. Bass, M. Bass, A. Bausys, A. Bavikatte, J. Bayram, M. Belousov, A. G. Berardi, A. Beamish, C. Beattie, F. Belia, V. Bellato, S. Bellikatti, S. Benjamens, C. Benlice, S. Bennedsgaard, S. Bennett, Z. Bentounsi, H. Bergenfeldt, A. Bergenfelz, M. Besselink, G. Bhandoria, E. Bhangu, M. Bhatia, M. T. Bhatti, Z. Bilgili, G. Bislenghi, C. Bisset, S. Biswas, J. Blake, R. Blanco, L. Boccalatte, R. Boden, C. Bojanic, M. Boland, P. Boland, E. Bollen, E. -A. Bonci, L. Boni, A. Booth, R. Booth, A. Borakati, G. E. Borunda Escudero, S. J. Bosco, P. Bostro¨ m, P. Botelho de Alencar Ferreira Cruz, K. Bouchagier, A. Bouhuwaish, M. Boutros, K. Boyce, C. Boyle, L. Bradshaw, A. Brandl, A. Brar, G. Brat, H. Brenkman, C. Brennan, C. Brines, A. Brookmyre, C. Brosnan, L. Brouwers, A. Brown, L. Brown, C. Brown, J. Brown, V. BS, M. Buksh, M. Bunani Emmanuel, D. Burbano, A. Burelli, A. Burke, J. Burke, N. Burlov, A. Burns, O. Burton, A. Butt, B. Buzra Ozkan, L. Cabrera Silva, E. Y. Caicedo, T. Calderbank, W. Cambridge, G. Campelo, O. Can Tatar, F. Carbone, F. Carrano, D. Casallas, D. Casanova Portoles, F. Casciani, I. Cassimjee, O. A. Castaneda Ramı´rez, V. Catala´ n, J. Caviedes, L. Cayetano, M. ~ Ceresoli, M. Chan, V. Chan, P. Chandrasinghe, S. Chapman, A. Chaturvedi, D. Chaudhry, H. Chaudry, H. W. Chen, A. Cheng, M. Chernykh, A. M. Cherrie, I. Cheruiyot, J. Cheung, C. Chia, J. Chica, N. Chinai, A. Chirwa, J. Chiwaligo, A. Choi, J. Choi, M. R. Chowdhury, E. Christopher, N. Christou, T. Chu, D. Chua, H. W. Chua, C. Chung, A. Cihat Yildirim, M. Cillo, S. Cioffi, H. Claireaux, S. Clermonts, R. Clifford, M. Climent, A. Clynch, R. -J. Coelen, E. Cola´ s-Ruiz, A. Collar, M. Collard, K. C. Conlon, T. Connelly, K. Connor, J. A. Cook, T. Correia de Sa´, N. Cos¸gun Acar, T. Costa, D. Couch, S. Cowper, B. Creavin, B. Crook, A. Curell, R. D’alessio, J. Dale, J. Damgaard Eriksen, I. Dario Martin Gonzalez, A. Darwish, M. Das, R. Das, K. Das, R. Dave, S. O. David, T. Davies, C. Davis, S. Davison, V. Davletshina, A. Dawidziuk, A. Dawson, M. de Andres Crespo, H. de Berker, P. de Dieu Ngo, E. Dekker, R. de la Caridad Espinosa Luis, B. de Lacy, N. Demartines, A. de Montserrat Medina Sifuentes, S. De Silva, C. del Rio, V. Delaune, A. Dell, I. Demirbas¸, S. Demirli Atici, M. Deniz Tepe, M. Derebey, G. Desai, M. Desai, S. Devarakonda, N. Deveras, G. Di Franco, M. Di Martino, F. Di Marzo, A´ . Dı´az, G. Diaz del Gobbo, C. DiazCastrillon, L. Dick, K. Dickinson, E. Diego, I. Dimasi, A. Ding, S. Dingemans, L. Dixon, B. Dixon, W. Doherty, D. Dooreemeah, C. Donohue, M. Dornseifer, F. Dossa, W. Dossou, T. Drake, I. Drami, G. Drevin, M. C. du Plessis, N. Dudi-Venkata, R. Dudley, S. Duffy, D. Duklas, B. -D. Dumbrava, F. Duygu Avlar, A. Dworzynska, W. Ebrahim, A. Ebrahim, E. Efre´n Lozada Herna´ ndez, N. Ehigie, M. El Boghdady, C. El Hasnaoui, M. El Sheikh, A. El-Hussuna, O. Eldurssi, H. Elfeki, M. Elhadi, M. Elhassan, A. Elhissi, B. Elliot, C. Elsenbroek, B. Elsolh, N. Elson, H. Eltyeb, H. Emerson, S. H. Emile, G. Endalle, W. English, C. Ercisli, G. Espinosa, M. Essam Abdelraheem, H. Essangri, P. Etienne, M. D. Evans, T. Evans, C. Ezeme, F. Ezzahraa, T. Fadalla, J. Fagan, M. Fahmy, C. Fairfield, O. Falade, S. Famularo, F. Faqar-Uz-Zaman, Y. Farid, A. Farooq, H. Farooq, F. Farooqui, B. Farquharson, A. Faruqi, R. Faulder, M. Faut, K. Fechner, T. Feenstra, M. Fehervari, L. Fernandez, J. Ferna´ ndez Alberti, L. Ferrario, D. Field, L. Fiore, S. Fingerhut, S. Finlayson, N. Fleming, C. Fleming, E. Florial, M. Fok, D. Fokin, M. Foley, M. P. Forero, T. Forgan, M. Fornasiero, H. Fowler, G. Fowler, E. Franchi, L. Franklin, A˚ . Fredriksson, P. Fruhling, G. Fuentes Navarrette, A. Fu¨ lo¨ p, M. Furtado, T. Gaarder, N. Galbraith, I. T. K. Gallagher, G. Gallo, T. Gana, E. Gaskin, M. Gasparini, R. G. Gatan, E. Geary, K. Gelaye Wudineh, G. Gemenetzis, M. Georgi, H. Ghalige, W. Ghareeb, T. Ghatwary Tantawy, C. Ghomsi, A. Ghuman, P. Giannakis, F. Giron, K. Gjengedal, E. Gkotsis, J. Glasbey, S. Godahewa, D. Godula, P. Goffredo, S. Goh, M. Golriz, L. Gomez, D. Gomez Gomez, R. Gonzalez, D. Gonzalez, E. Gonzalez Gutierrez, D. Gopar, L. Gordini, A. Gori, S. Gorta´ zar, N. Gousy, R. Gowda, M. Gowda, J. Gqada, M. Grechenig, J. Greer, L. Grego´ rio, A. Grigorova, H. Grimes, V. Groot, R. C. Grossman, R. Gruber, A. Gru¨ ter, R. Guest, R. Gujjuri, E. Gu¨ lc¸ek, B. Gulcu, K. Gull, M. Gulmez, V. Gupta, A. Gutlic, T. Guven, T. Gwatirisa, G. Gwini, P. Gwodog, S. Gysling, M. Habib, A. B. Hafeez Bhatti, J. Hallesmith, S. Halloran, M. Hamza Sadiq, C. Haney, N. Hanna, L. Hanna, M. Hannington, J. Harbjerg, D. Haribaskaran, N. Harran, B. Harrington, E. Harrison, R. Hasan, S. Hashmi, M. Hassan, A. Hassan, L. Haverkamp, S. Hazen, B. Heer, J. Heil, J. Helliwell, N. Henriksen, D. Henshall, M. Hermanson, S. Hermena, D. Hettiarachchi, C. Hextall, M. Hidalgo, H. Hidayat, A. Hider, P. Higgins, R. Hinchliffe, D. Hirani, D. Hirpara, I. Hisham, M. Hite, S. M. Hoh, C. Holmberg, E. Ho¨ lmich, F. Holst, A. Hossam, A. Hossam Elfallal, P. Howard, E. Huaman, Y. Huang, L. Huang, D. Huang, T. Huber, J. Hugh, J. Hughes, F. Hu¨ ttner, R. Huynh, A. Hylands, J. Iannuzzi, B. Ielpo, A. Iftikhar Talib, J. Ignacio, P. Ignatavicius, S. Ike, C. Ikwu, M. Inama, A. Ing, A. Ingels, A. Isik, N. Islam, I. J. Ives, A. J. M. S. AlHasan, C. J. Perez Rivera, F. Ja´ come, T. Jaffer, O. Jagiella-Lodise, M. Jain, K. Jain, M. Jakubauskas, M. Jalal, H. James, Y. Jang, B. Janssen, H. Jansson, U´ . Jariod-Ferrer, H. Javanmard, S. Javed, U. Jayarajah, I. Jayasuriya, J. Je, Z. Jessop, E. Jia Lin Tang, H. Jiang, Y. Jiayan, T. Jih Huei, R. Jimenez-Rodriguez, D. Joh, A. Johnson, N. Jones, C. Jones, C. Jordan, J. Jose´ Nu´ nez Ju, ~ M. Jose´ Pizarro, C. Jose Salazar J. Joseph, C. 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Zhukova, L, Zivanovic, M, Zmuc, J, Zope, M, Zubayraeva, A, Zucker, B, Aguilera-Arévalo, M -L, Aguirre Salamanca, E J, Al-Asali, N, Altıner, S, Alvarez Lozada, L A, Anastasopoulos, N -A, Andrés Urrutia, J, Angarita, K -L, Ángel FreirÍa Eiras, M, Anwar, M A, Apampa, T O, Archila Godínez, M I, Arteaga Asensio, P C, Bankole, N D A, Barreras Espinoza, J A, Bhatti, M T, Bonci, E -A, Borunda Escudero, G E, Bosco, S J, Boström, P, Botelho de Alencar Ferreira Cruz, P, Caicedo, E Y, Castañeda Ramírez, O A, Catalán, V, Chen, H W, Chowdhury, M R, Chua, H W, Coelen, R -J, Colás-Ruiz, E, Correia de Sá, T, Coşgun Acar, N, D’Alessio, R, David, S O, de Andres Crespo, M, de Berker, H, de Dieu Ngo, P, de la Caridad Espinosa Luis, R, de Lacy, B, de Montserrat Medina Sifuentes, A, del Rio, C, Demirbaş, I, Díaz, Á, Diaz del Gobbo, G, Diaz-Castrillon, C, du Plessis, M C, Dumbrava, B -D, Efrén Lozada Hernández, E, Fernández Alberti, J, Forero, M P, Fredriksson, Å, Fülöp, A, Gatan, R G, Gortázar, S, Gregório, L, Grüter, A, Gülçek, E, Hafeez Bhatti, A B, Hoh, S M, Hölmich, E, Hüttner, F, Alhasan, A J M S, Perez Rivera, C J, Jácome, F, Jariod-Ferrer, Ú, José, J, José Núñez Ju, J, José Pizarro, M, Khan, M F, Kırımtay, B, Kmezić, S, Koëter, T, König, D, Leyva Moraga, F A, Li, H L, Londoño, M A, Lopes de Freitas, R, López, A I, Mafla Herrería, C A, Manzano Nuñez, R, Marín, D, Martín Martín, G, Masior, Ł, Möckli, B, Mohamed, H M, Mohammad, S A, Mohammed, T O, Montcusí Ventura, B, Mora-Guzmán, I, Morán, R A R, Morera, Á, Moss, J -L, Moyón, M, Müller, P, Muñoz, F, Muñoz, E, Muñoz, A, Muñoz Balderas, D C, Ng, C E, Fhearaigh, R N, Nikolousakis, T -K, Kristensen, H Ø, O’Brien, L, O’Brien, S, O’Reilly, J, O’Rourke, S, O’Sullivan, M, O’Dwyer, M, Oh, K E, Öhlberger, L, Ölçüm, M, Oscullo Yepez, J J, Osei-kuffour, N, Ottlakán, A, Pavan Kumar, O M, Peña Gallardo, M T, Peña Velazquez, A, Pérez-Sánchez, L E, Pompeu Sá, M, Ponniah, H S, Ponte de Sousa, X, Portilla, A L, Pulido Segura, J A, Quimbaya Rodríguez, A S, Racoviţă, A, Rahiri, J -L, Rey Chaves, C E, Roalsø, M, Rodríguez, F, Rodriguez, M C, Ruiz-Úcar, E, Rutegård, M, Sá-Marta, E, Sam, Z H, Emile, Sameh H, Sánchez Fonseca, S, Sgrò, A, Sia, T C, Smart, Y W, Sneep-van Kessel, C, Solórzano Pineda, O, Stephen, B -J, Takoutsing Dongmo, A B, Tamás, T, Tan, J L, Thyø, A, Tölgyes, T, Torrent Jansà, L, Tovani Palone, M R, Valdez Gonzalez, R A, van Beek, D -J, van Dalen, A S, van den Hondel, D, van der stok, E, van Dorp, M, van Oostendorp, S, van Praag, E, van Rees, J, van Silfhout, L, Vasilica, A -M, Vásquez Ojeda, X, Vilar Alvarez, M E, Viscasillas Pallàs, G, Vizcaya Rodríguez, V, Wang, Y Y, Wellington, M J, Wirsik, M M, Wong, W J, Wong, K -Y, Wright, O Wroe, Yang, P -C, Yanzon de la Torre, A, Younis, M U, Zamora, A T, and Surgery
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Biomedical Research, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), International Cooperation, Practice Patterns, Commission, Global Health, Health Services Accessibility, Perioperative Care, Education, Surgeon, COVID-19, surgery, perioperative care, Medical, Pandemic, Humans, Medicine, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Graduate, Pandemics, Surgeons, Health Resource, Infection Control, Physicians', Surgical Procedures, business.industry, General surgery, Middle Aged, Operative, Education, Medical, Graduate, Surgical Procedures, Operative, Perioperative care, Health Resources, Surgery, Female, business, Human
Abstract: Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11 March 2020 and global surgical practice was compromised. This Commission aimed to document and reflect on the changes seen in the surgical environment during the pandemic, by reviewing colleagues’ experiences and published evidence. Methods In late 2020, BJS contacted colleagues across the global surgical community and asked them to describe how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had affected their practice. In addition to this, the Commission undertook a literature review on the impact of COVID-19 on surgery and perioperative care. A thematic analysis was performed to identify the issues most frequently encountered by the correspondents, as well as the solutions and ideas suggested to address them. Results BJS received communications for this Commission from leading clinicians and academics across a variety of surgical specialties in every inhabited continent. The responses from all over the world provided insights into multiple facets of surgical practice from a governmental level to individual clinical practice and training. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered a variety of problems in healthcare systems, including negative impacts on surgical practice. Global surgical multidisciplinary teams are working collaboratively to address research questions about the future of surgery in the post-COVID-19 era. The COVID-19 pandemic is severely damaging surgical training. The establishment of a multidisciplinary ethics committee should be encouraged at all surgical oncology centres. Innovative leadership and collaboration is vital in the post-COVID-19 era.
Published: 2021

11. Lower Leg Bone Fracture Detection and Classification Using Faster RCNN for X-Rays Images

Author: M. Arshad Javid, Haroon zeb, Talha Ahsan, Syed Saqlian Hassan, Syed Muhammad Adnan, Waseem Abbas, and Fahad Majeed
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Network architecture, business.industry, Computer science, Deep learning, Pattern recognition, Workload, Bone fracture, Solid modeling, medicine.disease, Field (computer science), 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Fracture (geology), medicine, Artificial intelligence, business, Transfer of learning, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Machine learning techniques are proven as a vital tool for the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The researchers are actively exploring new technology that may strengthen the state-of-the-practice in the clinical field. Automated bone fracture detection and classification have remained one of the popular research areas. However, traditionally developed techniques for the lower leg bone fracture method have faced the problem of detecting the existence of fractures and their location of occurrence. To overcome these problems, we proposed a transfer learning, Faster R-CNN deep learning model for fracture detection and classification with Region Proposal Network (RPN). Also, we retrained the top layer of the model by using inception v2 (version2) network architecture upon 50 x-ray images. This model was trained in 40k steps and its training stopped when loss remains only 0.0005. We evaluated the proposed model concerning detection and classification. We classify bone fracture x-ray images into two classes fracture and non-fracture also locate the location of fractures with a rectangle box. The overall accuracy has achieved from this method is 94% with respect to classification and detection. Our study shows that the proposed method is simple and efficient, which is worthwhile for dynamic detection, classification of fracture, now doctors and radiologists interact with more and more patient and overcome the workload. Furthermore, this approach improves the results, the run time performance and detection quality as compared to state-of-the-art techniques.
Published: 2020

12. VOC Gas Sensing Via Microelectronics-Based Absorption Spectroscopy at 220–330 GHz

Author: Matthew A. Oehlschlaeger, Muhammad Waleed Mansha, Ingrid Wilke, Tim E. Rice, M. Arshad Zahangir Chowdhury, and Mona M. Hella
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Spectrometer, Absorption spectroscopy, business.industry, Terahertz radiation, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Microelectronics, Methanol, 010306 general physics, business, Spectroscopy, Radiant intensity, Water vapor
Abstract: Gas sensing by THz wave absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated for several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a broadband electronics-based THz wave spectrometer. Spectral absorption is characterized in the frequency range from 220 to 330 GHz for seven VOCs and water vapor in a gas cell at room temperature and pressures of 0.5–10 Torr. Amplitude-modulation is applied to the interrogating radiation, and lock-in detection is used to acquire the transmitted frequency-dependent radiation intensity. For methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, formic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and water vapor, measured transition frequencies agree with literature databases, where available. The present work demonstrates the potential for an all-electronic THz gas sensor for conditions where pressure broadening and line blending occur, as would be found in typical industrial, environmental, and biological gas sensing applications.
Published: 2020

13. Materiovigilance: Concept, Structure and Emerging Perspective for Patient's Safety in India

Author: Abul Kalam Najmi, Mohammad Ahmed Khan, Rishabh Verma, Mohammad Akhtar, Farazul Hoda, M. Arshad, and Ali Nasir Siddiqui
Subjects: Structure (mathematical logic), Matching (statistics), Best practice, 030231 tropical medicine, Perspective (graphical), India, General Medicine, Commission, 03 medical and health sciences, Patient safety, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk analysis (engineering), Equipment and Supplies, Order (exchange), Drug Discovery, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Business, Patient Safety, Diversity (business)
Abstract: There has been an escalation in the number, diversity, and complexity of medical devices. Regulation of these devices has also advanced due to the requirement of better regulatory perspective induced due to elevation in the number of adverse events associated with medical devices. All over the globe, various measures are undertaken to provide better safety to the patients along with attempts to improve the standard of medical devices. The initial and ultimate objective of the concept happens to be unfailingly to ensure patient safety as well as impart required guidance for both manufacturers and adept authorities enabling them to superintend cases coherently and appropriately. Materiovigilance programme of India (MvPI) was launched by the Drug Controller General of India at the Indian Pharmacopoeia commission (IPC) in Ghaziabad in 2015. The main purpose of this initiative is to monitor adverse events associated with medical devices in order to generate safety data, create awareness among the various stakeholders, and prescribe best practices for patient safety. Whilst the reforms in regulations have proposed policies and designs to elucidate, consolidate and accelerate the processes involved in manufacturing and importing medical devices to India, they consistently carry their challenges and limitations. To eliminate such complications the guidelines and regulations are anticipated to be implemented appropriately with the efficacious conclusion. India has been evident in matching with advancements in the World Medical Device regulation scenario, the current review at hand takes upon the question of ‘how successful has it been so far’?
Published: 2020

14. Live multimedia streaming multicast in local area social networking environment of MANETs using SLIM+ Protocol

Author: Syed Muhammad Raheem Shah, Safiullah Faizullah, M. Arshad Shaikh, and Nazish Nawaz Hussaini
Subjects: Routing protocol, Multicast, Network packet, business.industry, Computer science, Wireless ad hoc network, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Node (computer science), Mobile computing, Mobile ad hoc network, Unicast, business, Computer network
Abstract: Evolution of multicast routing protocols for MANET are becoming the center of attraction for scholars of these days. This is due to varying applications areas, which in turn requires appropriate routing schemes for them. In the environment of mobile ad hoc networks, multicast communication efficiently saves the network resources. Adapting MANET as local area social networks allows new nodes to keep arriving and existing nodes departing the network as and when they like. Multicast routing protocols need to be readdressed to introduce the openness of the node set in such environments. The research paper focuses on evaluating the performance of routing scheme used by SLIM+in multicast of live video or audio streaming to the freely interested devices or nodes, coming in the antenna rage. Performance metric used is Packet Delivery Ratio and End-to-End-Delay; by comparing it with its competitive and most commonly used tree based and mesh based multicast routing protocols. It then observed that SLIM+ remained successful in utmost delivery of data packets to the destinations thus took a little bit increased but insignificant time to advertise for live streaming. Whereas its counterpart MAODV failed in successful delivery of the data packets to the desired destinations and become free in less time. Whereas SLIM+ with its tree based structure competed with mesh based structured PUMA.
Published: 2020

15. Tuning of Thermo-Mechanical Performance: Modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced SBR/NBR/SR Nanocomposites

Author: Sajid Rasheed Ahmad, Faiza Hassan, M. Arshad Bashir, Adnan Ahmad, Muhammad Yasir, Fahd Jamshaid, Sadia Sagar Iqbal, Muhammad Adrees, and Waheed Gull Khan
Subjects: Nanocomposite, Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Thermal decomposition, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Multiwalled carbon, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Thermal transport, Mechanics of Materials, Thermal insulation, General Materials Science, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology, business, Thermo mechanical
Abstract: The present study aimed to identify the potential of modified nanoreinforcement (multiwalled carbon nanotubes; m-MWCNTs) to attenuate the thermal transport/decomposition/transition and mechanical aspects of three different polymeric matrices. In order to develop strong interfacial interaction between the host matrix and the incorporated nanotubes, 3-aminopropyletrimethoxy silane (APTMS) was used to m-MWCNTs. IR spectra confirmed the silane chemical moiety attachment on the upper surface of the MWCNTs. Conventional elastomeric mixing techniques were adopted to disperse m-MWCNTs within the three polymeric matrices (Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, Silicone rubber, and Styrene Butadiene rubber) separately. SEM images assured the uniform dispersion of m-MWCNTs within the host polymeric matrices. Experimental evaluation of thermal conductivity revealed the reduction of thermal transport through the developed composite specimens by increasing the host polymer matrix to nanofiller concentration (m-MWCNTs). The utmost insulation effect was perceived in the F-MWCNTs incorporated silicone rubber nanocomposite comparatively. Glass transition/crystallization temperatures of the nanocomposites were lessened however melting temperatures were enhanced by impregnating nanotubes into the host polymeric matrices. Maximum thermal stability improvement due to the addition of m-MWCNTs was observed in the silicone elastomeric nanocomposite as compared to the other two systems. Proper dispersion and compatibility of m-MWCNTs with the polymeric matrices effectively enhanced the ultimate tensile strength (UTS)/elongation at break along hardness of rubber of the nanocomposites. The insulation character of m-MWCNTs/silicone rubber system was found best among the explored nanocomposite formulations.
Published: 2018

16. Design new voltage balancing control series connected for HV-IGBT's

Author: S. N. M. Arshad, M. F. Mukmin, M. A. Aazmi, C. L. Wai, H. F. Liew, and M. I. Fahmi
Subjects: Closed loop, General Computer Science, Computer science, 020209 energy, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, 02 engineering and technology, IGBT, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Gate driver, Snubber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Common emitter, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Bipolar junction transistor, Electrical engineering, High voltage, High-voltage, Insulated-gate bipolar transistor, Voltage balancing, Series-connected, business, AND gate, Hardware_LOGICDESIGN, Voltage
Abstract: The insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) are widely used in various applications as they require low gate drive power and gate voltage. This paper proposes an active gain circuit to maintain voltage stability of series-connected IGBTs for high voltage applications. The novel gate driver circuit with closed-loops control amplifies the gate signal while restricting the IGBT emitter voltage below a predetermined level. With the proposed circuit, serial-connected IGBTs can replace high-voltage IGBTs (HV-IGBTs) for high-voltage applications through the active control of the gate signal time delay. Closed-loop controls function is to charged current to the gate to restrict the IGBT emitter voltage to a predetermined level. This paper also presents the experiment on the gate driver capability based on a series-connected IGBTs with three IGBTs and a snubber circuit. The experimental results show a voltage offset with active control with a wide variation in load and imbalance conditions. Lastly, the experimental results are validated with the simulation results, where the simulation results agree with the experimental results.
Published: 2021

17. Fabrication, electrical and dielectric characterization of Cd-Ni nanoferrites

Author: M. Arshad, Muhammad Anis-ur-Rehman, Asghari Maqsood, and Iftikhar Hussain Gul
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Diffraction, Materials science, Condensed matter physics, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Doping, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Lattice constant, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Semiconductor, Mechanics of Materials, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, 0103 physical sciences, X-ray crystallography, General Materials Science, Crystallite, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: A series of Cd2+ doped Ni ferrites, with the formula Ni1-xCdxFe2O4 where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, have been fabricated by the co-precipitation technique. The structural characterization of the samples has been completed by X-ray diffraction at room temperature. The average crystallite size lies in the range 21 to 28 nm. The lattice constant changes with the variation of Cd2+, and lies between 8.351 to 8.595 A. The dc electrical resistivity is measured as a function of temperature from 300 K to 700 K. The diminishing in dc electrical resistivity as a function of temperature affirms the semiconductor like nature. The dielectric properties of these materials as a function of frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 3 MHz demonstrated the diminishing pattern of dielectric constant (ἑ), dielectric loss factor (tan δ) for all the samples. The dielectric properties can be explained by Maxwell-Wagner two layer models and the Koop's phenomenological hypothesis.
Published: 2017

18. Specific role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in cold-induced injury to cultured liver endothelial cells

Author: V Laszlo, Martina Schmidt, M Arshad, and U Rauen
Subjects: MAPK/ERK pathway, business.industry, Extracellular signal-regulated kinases, Immunology, Gastroenterology, Medicine, business, Cell biology
Published: 2016

19. Image Features Detection and Tracking for Image Based Target Augmented Reality Application

Author: Mohd Khalid Mokhtar, Ahmad Ashraf Abd Aziz, Mohd Shahrizal Sunar, Mohd Kufaisal Mohd Sidik, Farhan Mohamed, and Mohd Azhar M. Arshad
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, Face (geometry), Code (cryptography), Augmented reality, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, Hard copy, Fiducial marker, business, Tracking (particle physics), Focus (optics), Image (mathematics)
Abstract: Image based target used in augmented reality application is not the same as traditional fiducial markers, data markers code and QR-codes in detection and tracking. The available features from the image detected and tracked are naturally found in the image itself. Image target commonly used in recognizing and augmented hard copy media and product for marketing campaigns, gaming, and visualizing products in the environment where the product was targeted to be used. HOwever, for mobile-based augmented reality application, image features detection and tracking still expose many challenges. This paper aims to review previous and current keypoint detection and tracking techniques for image target and address several issues face in mobile based augmented reality application. Most traditional interest-point detection and description methods are handcrafted. These methods focus on interest points in a generic setting and lack provision to adapt toward a specific dataset. Learning-based approaches can be a new solution to real-time application such mobile-based application. This project continuity work from our previous work done for mobile-based augmented reality coloring application [1].
Published: 2019

20. Anti-Cancer Effects of Synergistic Drug–Bacterium Combinations on Induced Breast Cancer in BALB/c Mice

Author: Norhafiza M. Arshad, Menaga Subramaniam, Noor Hasima Nagoor, Khalijah Awang, Kein Seong Mun, and Sharan Malagobadan
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mycobacterium indicus pranii, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:QR1-502, drug combination, Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptosis, Breast Neoplasms, Biochemistry, lcsh:Microbiology, Article, Mycobacterium, BALB/c, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, breast cancer, In vivo, Animals, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Benzyl Alcohols, Cell Proliferation, Cisplatin, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, business.industry, Cancer, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, inflammatory markers, cytokines, Drug Combinations, 030104 developmental biology, Cytokine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Immunohistochemistry, Female, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, business, nuclear factor κB, medicine.drug
Abstract: Cancer development and progression are extremely complex due to the alteration of various genes and pathways. In most cases, multiple agents are required to control cancer progression. The purpose of this study is to investigate, using a mouse model, the synergistic interactions of anti-cancer agents, 1&prime, S-1&prime, acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP), and cisplatin (CDDP) in double and triple combinations to treat chemo-sensitize and immune-sensitize breast cancer. Changes in tumor volume and body weight were monitored. Organs were harvested and stained using hematoxylin&ndash, eosin for histopathological assessment. Milliplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine cytokine levels, while immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted on tumor biopsies to verify systemic drug effects. In vivo mouse models showed tumor regression with maintenance of regular body weight for all the different treatment regimens. IHC results provided conclusive evidence indicating that combination regimens were able to down-regulate nuclear factor kappa-B activation and reduce the expression of its regulated pro-inflammatory proteins. Reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-&alpha, and IFN-ɣ) levels were observed when using the triple combination, which indicated that the synergistic drug combination was able to significantly control cancer progression. In conclusion, ACA, MIP, and CDDP together serve as promising candidates for further development and for subsequent clinical trials against estrogen-sensitive breast cancer.
Published: 2019
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21. NeuroMeasure: A Software Package for Quantification of Cortical Motor Maps Using Frameless Stereotaxic Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Author: Michael B. Gerber, Alasdair C. McLean, Samuel J. Stephen, Alex G. Chalco, Usman M. Arshad, Gary W. Thickbroom, Josh Silverstein, K. Zoe Tsagaris, Amy Kuceyeski, Kathleen Friel, Taiza E. G. Santos, and Dylan J. Edwards
Subjects: Neuronavigation, Computer science, medicine.medical_treatment, Biomedical Engineering, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Brain mapping, 050105 experimental psychology, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Software, Neuroimaging, motor cortex, transcranial magnetic stimulation, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Computer vision, Technology Report, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, software package, neuroimaging, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Data mapping, Computer Science Applications, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Workflow, medicine.anatomical_structure, brain mapping, Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Motor cortex, Neuroscience
Abstract: The recent enhanced sophistication of non-invasive mapping of the human motor cortex using MRI-guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) techniques, has not been matched by refinement of methods for generating maps from motor evoked potential (MEP) data, or in quantifying map features. This is despite continued interest in understanding cortical reorganization for natural adaptive processes such as skill learning, or in the case of motor recovery, such as after lesion affecting the corticospinal system. With the observation that TMS-MEP map calculation and quantification methods vary, and that no readily available commercial or free software exists, we sought to establish and make freely available a comprehensive software package that advances existing methods, and could be helpful to scientists and clinician-researchers. Therefore, we developed NeuroMeasure, an open source interactive software application for the analysis of TMS motor cortex mapping data collected from Nexstim® and BrainSight®, two commonly used neuronavigation platforms. NeuroMeasure features four key innovations designed to improve motor mapping analysis: de-dimensionalization of the mapping data, fitting a predictive model, reporting measurements to characterize the motor map, and comparing those measurements between datasets. This software provides a powerful and easy to use workflow for characterizing and comparing motor maps generated with neuronavigated TMS. The software can be downloaded on our github page: https://github.com/EdwardsLabNeuroSci/NeuroMeasure Aim This paper aims to describe a software platform for quantifying and comparing maps of the human primary motor cortex, using neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation, for the purpose of studying brain plasticity in health and disease.
Published: 2019

22. The influence of materials on bent down conductor in building lightning protection system

Author: A. M. Ariffen, A. I. M. Shaiful, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, Jasronita Jasni, and S. N. M. Arshad
Subjects: Materials science, Ground, business.industry, Soil resistivity, chemistry.chemical_element, Structural engineering, Conductor, Lightning strike, chemistry, Aluminium, Electric field, business, Electrical conductor, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: The down conductor system is one of the essential components besides the air termination system and the earth termination system, since that the objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different type of down conductor materials on the varying angles of down conductors with different separation distances due to lightning strike. There were numerous materials of down conductor utilized worldwide in the Lightning Protection System (LPS) installation. In this circumstance, the aluminium and galvanized steel materials are taken into consideration to be resolved with reference to the electric field profile. The accomplished whole system of Lightning Protection System (LPS) for sheltered structure, is being modelled that abide by the standard of MS IEC 2007. Further, this entire system is modelled based on the outstanding of soil resistivity grounding parameter. Consequently, it is found that the galvanized steel material is more critical than aluminium in most angles due to the higher electric field intensity.
Published: 2019

23. Simulation on Lightning Effects to 132 kV Underground Cable by using Alternative Transients Program / Electromagnetic Transients Program (ATP/EMTP)

Author: Ahmad Makmom Abdullah, N.H. Halim, S. N. M. Arshad, C. L. Wooi, Nuriziani Hussin, and N.S. Tajudin
Subjects: Emtp, business.industry, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Transmission system, Impulse (physics), Lightning strike, Overvoltage, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Environmental science, Electricity, business, Marine engineering, Voltage, Electronic circuit
Abstract: Underground cable is frequently operated for carrying electricity where the power is demand to be transmitted throughout the sea or densely populated areas. Despite underground cables are not directly vulnerable to hazard, lightning strikes can induce a potential on the insulation layers of the underground cable and this may have enabled system disruption along the transmission system. According to the previous study in Malaysia, the most recorded current comes from lightning strikes are 34.5kA and 50kA. Moreover, this can be up to 100kA. Hence, this study was done to discover the probability of underground cable to having insulation breakdown due to overvoltage caused by lightning current penetrated into the soil medium which is breakdown channel in the soil medium probably been produced. This computer simulation was accomplished using an Alternative Transient Program version of the Electromagnetic Transients Program (ATP-EMTP) software to investigate whether the voltage induced due to lightning strikes can cause any breakdown in the insulation layers. The analysis was carried out using a network system composing of a 132kV Cu/XLPE/CWS/LDPE unarmored underground cable type with a length of 100 meters was modelled. By ejecting 34.5kA, 50kA and 100kA lightning current with 1/95 μs characteristic has been pervade into the modelled system. In addition, several types of soil medium to be represented into the electrical parameters in the whole electronic circuit system have been invented and analyzed. The study appeared that for the diverse parameters been used, which are various types of soil medium and three current generating from lightning impulse using a fixed designed cable. As a result, there is only a condition for the insulation layers of the cable system to encounter pierce and breakdown.
Published: 2018

24. Effect of Concrete Orientation as an Enhancement Material in Grounding System

Author: Wooi Chin Leong, A. M. Ariffen, Nasrul Helmei Halim, Osman Abu Bakar, S. N. M. Arshad, Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli, and Nur Aqilah Sofiyah Hasni
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Structural engineering, Orientation (graph theory), business, Earthing system
Abstract: To achieve an excellent grounding system, an alternative solution was developed by using enhancement material to modify the soil surrounding the rod. These materials can effectively reduce soil resistivity and grounding resistance for a better grounding system. To achieve this goal, the fundamental part must be taken into account. In this study, the main objective is to analyze different concrete orientations as enhancement material in the grounding system. A 3-D orientation of concrete has been designed using Finite Element Method (FEM) software to analyze the performance of the electric field in the grounding system with different orientation of concrete. Every orientation of concrete had been clarified into four different cases which are full concrete, half concrete, three-quarter concrete, and a quarter concrete. From the result, full concrete is the best orientation of concrete design to be employed at the grounding site as it has a low electric field compared to the other concrete orientation.
Published: 2020

25. Simulation of differential relay for transformer protection

Author: Wan Azani Mustafa, Mnk Rohani, S. N. M. Arshad, C. L. Wooi, N S Azizan, Baharuddin Ismail, and Muzamir Isa
Subjects: Computer science, law, business.industry, Protective relay, Electrical engineering, Transformer, business, law.invention
Abstract: In electric power system, transformers are an important element and their protection are critical. As the transformer might be damaged during a fault, faster and more selective protection was required. For this purpose, the design of differential protection was utilized. In this study, the differential relay simulation has been successfully done using MATLAB/Simulink. The essential approach is to protect the power transformer against internal faults and avoid interference in the power system. The evaluation has been accomplished at different fault conditions. Several types of faults including double line-to-ground, single line-to-ground and line-to-line faults are studied. Simulation studies were performed and the relays performance with different system parameters and conditions were investigated. The obtained results illustrated for the differential relay represents an appropriate action.
Published: 2020

26. Prototyping a RF signal-based lightning warning device using with Internet of Things (IOT) integration

Author: Y J Hwang, Noor Azlinda Ahmad, Kamyar Mehranzamir, Mohamad Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani, C. L. Wooi, and S. N. M. Arshad
Subjects: History, Thunder, business.industry, Computer science, Detector, Electrical engineering, Lightning, 500 kHz, Computer Science Applications, Education, Lightning strike, Software, Radio frequency, Internet of Things, business
Abstract: Lightning had caused at least 25, 000 deaths worldwide each year. The study aims to investigate the induced voltage generated by lightning strikes using a lightning detector. Proteus software was employed to simulate the main board of the lightning detector before fabrication. The lightning detector was designed as a radio frequencies receiver and it was tuned to the level (300 kHz to 500 kHz) which enabled it to receive signals from lightning strikes. A lightning simulator was designed using various resistance (100 Ω to 200 Ω) to test the functionality of a lightning detector in order to validate the accuracy of the proposed model. This lightning detector could be activated whenever a small induced voltage (0.2 V and above) were generated by lightning events occurred within 10 km from the detector. This detector captures both the induced voltage and the time difference detected lightning discharge and its sound for further analysis. The time to thunder method was employed to find the estimated lightning discharges distances in parallel to this system in order to validate the current lightning detector. The accuracy of the lightning detector was found to be 88.03%.The analysed data were delivered to the user’s smartphone using cloud system
Published: 2020

27. Transient stability for IEEE 14 bus power system using power world simulator

Author: S. N. M. Arshad, M A A Wahab, M. A. A. Bakar, Asyraf Hakimi Abu Bakar, Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli, and Aminudin Anuar
Subjects: History, business.industry, Computer science, Fault (power engineering), Computer Science Applications, Education, Power (physics), Electric power system, Electricity generation, Electricity, Transient (oscillation), Synchronism, business, Simulation, Voltage
Abstract: Nowadays, demand for electricity is increasing every single day. This is due to the deep requirements in current economy. Generating electricity is an important element to ensuring a system operates in good condition and not being affected. At the same time, some problems have arisen as a phenomenon of transient stability. Hence, analysis needs to be done to control energy stability in rivalling current demand. Power system stability can be further divided into 3 sub-analysis starting with rotor angle stability which is the ability of synchronous machines of an interconnected power system to remain in synchronism after being subjected to a disturbance, voltage stability which is the ability of a power system to maintain steady voltages at all buses in the system after being subjected to a disturbance and also frequency stability which the ability of a power system to maintain steady frequency following a severe system disturbance resulting in a significant imbalance between generation and load. This analysis is used the IEEE Bus System 14 and analyzed using Power World Simulator (PWS) software. The variations in power angle, bus voltage and system frequency were studied with the help of three-phase balanced fault. Fast fault clearing times were analysed for a three-phase balanced fault in order to re-establish the stability of the system. Furthermore, impact of fault location on system was also computed to observe whether it affected the stability of the systems.
Published: 2020

28. The Electric Field Effect on Angles of Copper-Type Down-Conductor

Author: A. M. Ariffen, Chandima Gomes, M. Z. A. Ab-Kadir, S. N. M. Arshad, and Jasronita Jasni
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, General Medicine, Copper conductor, engineering.material, Earthing system, Lightning, Conductor, Electric field, Transient (oscillation), business, Datasheet, Voltage
Abstract: This paper is to study the effect of electric field on an angle variation of copper down-conductor due to voltage and current transient. Down-conductor which informs of numerous material, shape and dimension are mandatory for diverting the lightning current from air termination system to the grounding system in sheltered building. Hence, a numerical analysis method is applied emulating the comprehensible and particular model according to ordinarily used in the manufacturer’s datasheet specification. A rigorous assessment in term of electric fields was reviewed in comparison with the critical breakdown value of air for a crucial study. Later, a foremost angle is proposed for the installation of down-conductor in order to achieve a reliable protection system.
Published: 2015

29. Consideration of Lightning Current along a Tall Structure in the Presence of Horizontal Arrangement Grounding

Author: Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Chandima Gomes, Mahdi Izadi, S. N. M. Arshad, N. Rameli, and Norhafiz Azis
Subjects: Engineering, Meteorology, business.industry, Ground, Soil resistivity, Geometry, General Medicine, Earthing system, Lightning, Reflection (physics), business, Constant (mathematics), Tower, Electrical impedance
Abstract: The evaluation of the behaviour of lightning current along a tall structure is becoming an important issue when considering the lightning protection equipment required along a tall structure. This behaviour is affected by the element of the ground reflection factor which has a correlation between the impedance of the ground and the tower. The impedance of the ground is considered for a horizontal grounding arrangement while the impedance of the tower is assumed to be constant. Hence, the ground reflection factor can be given a variable value, whereas most of the existing literature assumes a constant value. When a constant value is entered into a calculation field, an inaccurate result is computed.In this paper, the lightning current along a tall structure under varying values of ground reflection factor and including the effect of the presence of a horizontal grounding arrangement has been considered and the results discussed accordingly. Modelling of the lightning return stroke current along a tall structure was undertaken by entering the calculated variable value of the ground reflection factor. The results indicated that a variable value of the ground reflection factor causes different peak values of the current and wave shape of the lightning current for different positions along a tall structure.
Published: 2015

30. Recombinant human alpha fetoprotein synergistically potentiates the anti-cancer effects of 1′-S-1′-acetoxychavicol acetate when used as a complex against human tumours harbouring AFP-receptors

Author: Mohamad Nurul Azmi, Tchen Lin Soh, Halijah Ibrahim, Lionel L. A. In, Norhafiza M. Arshad, Noor Hasima Nagoor, Eduard Borisovich Tatulov, Elena Dudich, and Khalijah Awang
Subjects: Receptors, Peptide, alpha fetoprotein, Blotting, Western, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Apoptosis, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, alpinia conchigera, acetoxychavicol acetate, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Mice, Drug Delivery Systems, Carcinoembryonic antigen, Cell Movement, In vivo, Neoplasms, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Alpinia conchigera, anti-cancer, Benzyl Alcohols, Cell Proliferation, biology, business.industry, NF-kappa B, Cancer, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Combined Modality Therapy, targeted cytotoxicity, Recombinant Proteins, In vitro, Prostate-specific antigen, Oncology, Immunology, Alpinia, biology.protein, Cancer research, Immunohistochemistry, alpha-Fetoproteins, business, Alpha-fetoprotein, Research Paper, Signal Transduction
Abstract: // Norhafiza M. Arshad 1 , Lionel L.A. In 2 , Tchen Lin Soh 2 , Mohamad Nurul Azmi 4 , Halijah Ibrahim 3 , Khalijah Awang 4 , Elena Dudich 6 , Eduard Tatulov 6 and Noor Hasima Nagoor 1,5 1 Institute of Biological Science (Genetics and Molecular Biology), Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3 Institute of Biological Science (Ecology and Biodiversity), Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4 Centre for Natural Product Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR) and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 5 Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 6 Institute of Immunological Engineering, Lyubuchany, Moscow, Russia Correspondence to: Noor Hasima Nagoor, email: // Keywords : acetoxychavicol acetate; alpha fetoprotein; anti-cancer; alpinia conchigera; targeted cytotoxicity Received : November 28, 2014 Accepted : April 08, 2015 Published : April 29, 2015 Abstract Purpose: Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have reported that 1’-S-1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) isolated from rhizomes of the Malaysian ethno-medicinal plant Alpinia conchigera Griff (Zingiberaceae) induces apoptosis-mediated cell death in tumour cells via dysregulation of the NF-κB pathway. However there were some clinical development drawbacks such as poor in vivo solubility, depreciation of biological activity upon exposure to an aqueous environment and non-specific targeting of tumour cells. In the present study, all the problems above were addressed using the novel drug complex formulation involving recombinant human alpha fetoprotein (rhAFP) and ACA. Experimental Design: To study the synergistic effect of both agents on human cancer xenografts, athymic nude ( Nu/Nu ) mice were used and treated with various combination regimes intraperitoneally. Serum levels of tumour markers for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) were assessed using sandwich ELISA. IHC and Western blotting were also conducted on in vivo tumour biopsies to investigate the involvement of NF-κB regulated genes and inflammatory biomarkers. Quantification and correlation between drug efficacies and AFP-receptors were done using IF-IC and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: Mice exposed to combined treatments displayed higher reductions in tumour volume compared to stand alone agents, consistent with in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Milder signs of systemic toxicity, such as loss in body weight and inflammation of vital organs were also demonstrated compared to stand alone treatments. Tumour marker levels were consistent within all rhAFP/ACA treatment groups where levels of CEA and PSA were initially elevated upon commencement of treatment, and consecutively reduced corresponding to a decrease in tumour bulk volume. Both IHC and Western blotting results indicated that the combined action of rhAFP/ACA was not only able to down-regulate NF-κB activation, but also reduce the expression of NF-κB regulated genes and inflammatory biomarkers. The efficacy of rhAFP/ACA complex was also found to be weakly negatively correlated to the level of surface AFP-receptors between tumour types. Conclusions: This drug complex formulation shows great therapeutic potential against AFP-receptor positive tumours, and serves as a basis to overcome insoluble and non-specific anti-neoplastic molecules.
Published: 2015

31. Export potential of Kinnow from Pakistan

Author: Mohy-ud-Din, Qamar, Javed, M. Siddique, Hashmi, Arshad Hussain, and Shakir, M. Arshad
Subjects: Fruit industry -- International trade, Banking, finance and accounting industries, Business, Economics, Government
Published: 1996

32. Clean and Sustainable Energy Technologies

Author: M. Arshad
Subjects: Engineering, Wind power, business.industry, Natural resource economics, 020209 energy, Environmental engineering, Environmental impact of the energy industry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Energy engineering, Renewable energy, Energy conservation, Energy development, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0210 nano-technology, business, Solar power, Efficient energy use
Abstract: The demand of energy, a prerequisite of industrialization and economic development, is predicted to rise in future. Presently, worldwide major and core energy source is fossil. Its use is deteriorating the environment leading to serious problems for human health. Energy generated from clean, easily accessible means would add in sustainability, at a reasonable cost without any adverse effects. Such clean and sustainable sources include biomass, solar, wind, and hydro resources. As of 2016, the clean energy supply is 14% of the total world energy demand, and its share is expected to increase significantly (30–80%) in 2100. Usable form of energy can be generated from mechanical energy from water and winds. Biomass can provide energy invested in it through photosynthesis. Any kind of energy extracted from solar activity is clean and sustainable. In this chapter these clean energy technologies are discussed with their worldwide potential.
Published: 2017

33. Fuzzy logic approach in power transformers management and decision making

Author: Syed Islam, Abdul Khaliq, and M. Arshad
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Data interpretation, computer.software_genre, Fuzzy logic, Condition assessment, Maintenance engineering, Expert system, law.invention, Reliability engineering, law, Asset management, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Transformer, business, computer, Decision-making models
Abstract: The degradation of insulation systems is a complex physical process, many parameters act at the same time thus making the interpretation extremely difficult. The insulation is very much responsive in transformer serving closer to design life. Strategic maintenance and operational procedures are best formulated where the condition of existing unit has been accurately assessed. To facilitate asset management and decision making, asset's condition assessment is vital using reliable, non-intrusive diagnostics and monitoring tools together with expert system. Transformer assessment can be carried out effectively by identifying and integrating its criticalities using fuzzy logic technique. In this research, asset management and decision making model has been developed using diagnostics and data interpretation techniques based on fuzzy logic approach. Enhance reliability could be achieved by integrating real time condition monitoring, maintenance, management activities and cost effective optimization techniques. This model facilitates effectively to address criticalities and allow better planning, maintenance approach as well as to predict the remnant life of the asset within a practical accuracy.
Published: 2014

34. A REVIEW OF CONTRACEPTIVE DRUGS DESCRIBED IN UNANI LITERATURE

Author: M Arshad Jamal, Zarnigar, Itrat Malik, and M A Siddiqui
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, Medicine, Contraceptive drugs, business
Published: 2013

35. Preparation, Characterizations and Optical Property of Single Crystalline ZnMn2O4 Nanoflowers via Template-Free Hydrothermal Synthesis

Author: M. Zubair Iqbal, M. Yasir Rafiq, Arbab Mohammad Toufiq, Qurat-ul-ain Javed, Fengping Wang, and M. Arshad Kamran
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Scanning electron microscope, Band gap, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, symbols.namesake, Transmission electron microscopy, symbols, Optoelectronics, Hydrothermal synthesis, General Materials Science, Selected area diffraction, business, Spectroscopy, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy
Abstract: In this work, we have reported a template-free hydrothermal approach to fabricate highly pure single phase ZnMn2O4 pen-type nano needles assembled with flower type nanostructures. The X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy, Selected Area Electron Diffraction and UV-visible spectroscopy techniques were used to study the structural and optical properties of Pen-type nanoneedles assembled with flower like nanostrucutres. Single crystalline hetaerolite ZnMn2O4 pen type nanoneedles of flower like nanostructures have an average diameter of 250 nm. Room temperature Raman spectroscopy reveals the four fundamental vibrational modes. Room temperature UV-vis spectrometer was used to determine the transmittance behaviour pen type nanoneedles of flower like nanostructures. Direct optical band gap of 2.19 eV was acquired by using Davis-Mott model. The UV-visible spectrum points out that the absorption is prominent in visible region and transparency is more than 80% in UV region.
Published: 2013

36. Effect of angle of attack on an optimized vortex induced vibrated energy harvester: A numerical approach

Author: Md. Rejaul Haque, Anjan Goswami, and M. Arshad Zahangir Chowdhury
Subjects: Engineering, Angle of attack, business.industry, Acoustics, Reynolds number, Wake, Vortex shedding, Vortex, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Vibration, symbols.namesake, Vortex-induced vibration, symbols, Strouhal number, business
Abstract: A two-dimensional numerical study of flow induced vibration is reported in this paper to investigate flow over a semi-cricular D-shaped bluff body oriented at different angles-of-attack to determine an optimized design for energy harvesting. Bluff body structure governs fluid streamlines; therefore obtaining a suitable range of “lock in frequency” for energy harvesting purpose is dependent on refining and optimizing bluff body’s shape and structure. A cantilever based novel energy harvester design incorporates the suitable angle-of-attack for optimized performance. This optimization was done by performing computations for 30°, 60° and 90° angles-of-attack. The frequency of vibration of the body was calculated at different Reynolds Number. A Fast Fourier Transformation yielded frequency of vortex shedding. From the wake velocity profile, lift oscillation and frequency of vortex shedding is estimated. Strouhal numbers of the body were analyzed at different angles-of-attack. A higher synchronized bandwidth o...
Published: 2016

37. Significance of cellulose power transformer condition assessment

Author: M. Arshad and Syed Islam
Subjects: Materials science, Moisture, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Electric generator, Condition monitoring, Current transformer, law.invention, law, Insulation system, Energy efficient transformer, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Transformer, Process engineering, Voltage
Abstract: Power transformers are designed to withstand system abnormalities such as over voltages and external short-circuits. Transformer monitoring and diagnostics are the effective techniques in preventing the eventual failures and contribute to ensure the plant's reliability. Transformer life mainly depends on the integrity of its solid insulation (cellulose). The solid insulation in transformers degrades with time at rates which depend on the temperature and the amount of moisture, oxygen and acids in the insulation system. Moisture and oxygen cause the paper insulation to decay much faster than normal. Moisture in a transformer accelerates the aging process and causes severe deterioration in the mechanical and electrical properties of insulation system. The aging of paper insulation is irreversible. The degree of polymerization value is a main relation between insulation deterioration and formation of aging products. To predict a failure or an unusual behavior, an accurate interpretation of monitoring, diagnostics and maintenance data is required. The monitoring of insulation system and verification of core and winding mechanical integrity allow optimization of the lifecycle management of an asset. This paper presents an investigation and condition assessment of 152 MVA, 512 kV, 1-phase, 2-winding generator step-up transformer having a history of combustible gases.
Published: 2011

38. Optimum Dietary Protein Level for Juvenile Silver Pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen)

Author: S. M. Almatar, M. Arshad Hossain, and Charles M. James
Subjects: Meal, Pomfret, Net protein utilization, Protein efficiency ratio, biology, business.industry, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Feed conversion ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Fish meal, Aquaculture, Biochemistry, chemistry, business, Pampus argenteus, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: A feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through system in 1 m3 tanks using seawater to determine the optimum dietary protein requirement of juvenile silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen). Fish were stocked a density of 12 juveniles per tank. Five semi-purified iso-energetic diets were formulated with fish meal to contain graded levels of 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55% crude protein. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish to apparent satiation twice daily. The growth of fish fed 50% protein diet was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that of fish fed 45 or 55% diet, but significantly higher than that of fish fed 35 or 40% diet. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) ranged between 1.7 and 2.5%, and 35% protein diet had significantly higher FCR than those of 45, 50 and 55% diets. Protein efficiency ratio of fish fed 55% protein diet was significantly lower than rest of the diets. Fish fed 50% dietary protein showed significantly best apparent net protein utilization. There were no significant differences between the survivals of fish which ranged between 80.6 and 88.9%. Based on the polynomial regression analysis of %weight gain, the optimal dietary protein level for silver pomfret was estimated to be 49%.
Published: 2010

39. Performance analysis of hybrid photovoltaic/diesel energy system under Malaysian conditions

Author: Makbul Anwari, Abdul Halim Mohamed Yatim, Mohd Fairouz Mohd Yousof, Kwan Yiew Lau, and S. N. M. Arshad
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Photovoltaic system, Environmental engineering, Building and Construction, Pollution, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Automotive engineering, Renewable energy, Diesel fuel, General Energy, Greenhouse gas, Hybrid system, Electricity, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Energy system, Energy (signal processing), Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Standalone diesel generating system utilized in remote areas has long been practiced in Malaysia. Due to highly fluctuating diesel price, such a system is seemed to be uneconomical, especially in the long run if the supply of electricity for rural areas solely depends on such diesel generating system. This paper would analyze the potential use of hybrid photovoltaic (PV)/diesel energy system in remote locations. National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) HOMER software was used to perform the techno-economic feasibility of hybrid PV/diesel energy system. The investigation demonstrated the impact of PV penetration and battery storage on energy production, cost of energy and number of operational hours of diesel generators for the given hybrid configurations. Emphasis has also been placed on percentage fuel savings and reduction in carbon emissions of different hybrid systems. At the end of this paper, suitability of utilizing hybrid PV/diesel energy system over standalone diesel system would be discussed mainly based on different solar irradiances and diesel prices.
Published: 2010

40. Surgical doctors' adherence to the RCS and GMC medical documentation guidelines

Author: R. Hafeez, V. Sornarajah, A. Esfandiari, T.M. Yeoh, and M. Arshad
Subjects: business.industry, medicine, Surgery, General Medicine, Medical emergency, medicine.disease, business, Medical documents
Published: 2018

41. Modelling and simulation of low-frequency broadband LNA using InGaAs/InAlAs structures: A new approach

Author: J. Sly, B. Boudjelida, S. N. M. Arshad, A. Sobih, A. Bouloukou, Mohamed Missous, and S. Boulay
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Amplifier, Gate length, Low frequency, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, Mechanics of Materials, law, Broadband, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Ingaas inalas, Wide band, Photolithography, business, Leakage (electronics)
Abstract: The ultra-low leakage properties of a novel InGaAs/InAlAs/InP structure have been used to fabricate large gate periphery pHEMTs (up to 1200 μm2) required for wide band low-noise amplifiers (LNA). The devices were characterized and both linear and non-linear models were extracted. LNAs were then designed and compared favourably with the best results reported to date between 0.3 and 2 GHz, still using a 1 μm gate length optical lithography.
Published: 2008

42. Cutaneous myiasis of scalp in a young girl related to Musca domestica

Author: Atiya Rahman, Nasira Khatoon, Asim Ishfaq, and M. Arshad Azmi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, Dermatology, Cutaneous myiasis, Myiasis, Houseflies, Animals, Humans, Mineral Oil, Medicine, Girl, Ulcer, media_common, business.industry, fungi, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, medicine.anatomical_structure, Scalp Dermatoses, Parasitic disease, Scalp, Female, Staphylococcal Skin Infections, Leprosy, business, Musca
Abstract: Cutaneous myiasis is a parasitic disease secondary to the presence of the larvae of certain insects, particularly diptera, in the skin of man or vertebrates [1]. Human myiasis is a rare clinical condition, but more frequently seen in tropical and subtropical areas. Hot humid climate with inadequate sanitary conditions favor the development of this condition. Dermatitis, psychiatric illnesses, leprosy, and diabetes are some contributory factors [2]. Treatment of myiasis, once diagnosed, is simple and rapid recovery is anticipated.
Published: 2015

43. Effect of pesticide residues on health and different enzyme levels in the blood of farm workers from Gadap (rural area) Karachi—Pakistan

Author: M. Aslam, M. Ahmed Azmi, S.N.H. Naqvi, and M. Arshad Azmi
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Diazinon, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Cypermethrin, Toxicology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Environmental protection, medicine, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Pakistan, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Hepatitis, Pesticide residue, business.industry, Pesticide Residues, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Agriculture, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Pesticide, Alkaline Phosphatase, medicine.disease, Pollution, Deltamethrin, chemistry, Monocrotophos, Rural area, business
Abstract: Persons from 14 different fruit and vegetable farm stations from Gadap (rural area), Karachi-Pakistan were examined for the presence of pesticide (cypermethrin, deltamethrin, polytrin-C, diazinon, monocrotophos, DDT and DDE) residues in their blood samples. The present study is concerned with effects of residue on the enzyme levels (GPT, GOT and ALP) as well as the health hazards of pesticide exposed persons. There is a significant increased in the enzyme levels at different stations. Exposed persons complained about liver and kidney dysfunctions and RTI. It may be concluded that exposure of multiple pesticides for prolonged period has affected the normal functioning of different organ systems and possibly produced characteristics clinical effects such as hepatitis, dyspnea and burning sensation in urine.
Published: 2006

44. On the Natural Frequencies of a Flexible Manipulator with a Tip Payload

Author: M Arshad and D C D Oguamanam
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Payload (computing), 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, Computer Science::Robotics, Vibration, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Flexural strength, Torsional deformation, Point (geometry), Manipulator, business, Beam (structure), Parametric statistics
Abstract: The free vibration of a flexible manipulator that is carrying a rigid payload at the tip is examined. The centre of mass of the payload may not coincide with the point of attachment to the manipulator. The manipulator is modelled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam and it undergoes both out-of-plane and in-plane elastic flexural deformations in conjunction with torsional deformation. The explicit expression of the characteristic (or frequency) equation is presented and a parametric study is provided.
Published: 2005

45. Variable Depletion Region in CMOS PN Photodiode for I–V Characteristic Analysis

Author: Mohd Azlishah Othman, R. A. Ramlee, H. A. Sulaiman, Mohd Muzafar Ismail, T. S. M. Arshad, Maizatul Alice Meor Said, N. Y. M. Yasin, Z. A. F. M. Napiah, and Mohamad Harris Misran
Subjects: Depletion region, CMOS, law, business.industry, Optical communication, Optoelectronics, business, Mathematics, Photodiode, law.invention
Abstract: In this paper, CMOS PN photodiode will be design and analyze for the application at 5 GHz optical communication. The paper will be divided in several section; the theory of CMOS PN photodiode and design with analysis of I–V characteristics of PN photodiode. A better understanding of the operation will be investigated through this. The PN photodiode will be design using Silvaco TCAD and will be characterize and experimental in I–V Characteristic. The effects of I–V characteristic will be analyzed in term of changes the width and light. Further understanding of I–V characteristic will be presents in this paper.
Published: 2014

46. Variable Intrinsic Region in CMOS PIN Photodiode for I–V Characteristic Analysis

Author: R. A. Ramlee, Mohamad Harris Misran, N. Y. M. Yasin, H. A. Sulaiman, T. S. M. Arshad, Z. A. F. M. Napiah, Maizatul Alice Meor Said, Mohd Azlishah Othman, and Mohd Muzafar Ismail
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, PIN diode, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, law.invention, Photodiode, CMOS, Depletion region, law, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Electronic engineering, Optoelectronics, Breakdown voltage, Resistor, business, Technology CAD, Hardware_LOGICDESIGN, Electronic circuit
Abstract: In this paper presented an investigation on I–V characteristic for CMOS PIN Photodiode. PIN diodes are widely used in optics and microwave circuits as it acts as a current controlled resistor at these frequencies. PIN diode performance is greatly influenced by the geometrical size of the device, especially in the intrinsic region. Two different I-layer thickness of PIN diode structure has been designed using Sentaurus Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) tools. The I-layer thickness (or width) is varied from 4 to 8 µm in order to investigate its effects on the current-voltage (I–V) characteristics. These structures were design based on CMOS process.
Published: 2014

47. The Effect of IV Characteristics on Optical Control of SDR Si IMPATT Diode

Author: Mohd Azlishah Othman, T. S. M. Arshad, Y. A. Rahim, and M. N. Hussain
Subjects: Materials science, Optical control, business.industry, IMPATT diode, Electric field, Electrical engineering, Contact region, Breakdown voltage, Optoelectronics, Electron hole, business, Layer (electronics), Dark current
Abstract: Effect of light incident on the Si SDR IMPATT diode is investigated in this paper. The authors have used an IMPATT diode which is consists of p+, n+ (contact region), n-well region and p-sub region. Since the n-well region is used to be the drift region of the structure, the light is shined on the top of the layer through tiny hole created on the SiO2 layer. The results of the IV characteristics are compared to the dark current condition which no light will be supply on top of the structure. The result of the electric field and mobility in those two conditions are also observed in this paper.
Published: 2014

48. Characterization of measured lightning electric fields observed in Malaysia

Author: M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, M. Izadi, S. N. M. Arshad, Chandima Gomes, Jasronita Jasni, and M. N. Hamzah
Subjects: Physics, Pulse (signal processing), business.industry, Electric field, Rise time, Electrical engineering, Time duration, business, Zero crossing, Lightning, Signal, Statistical correlation, Computational physics
Abstract: This paper presents a characteristic of lightning electric fields. The lightning electric fields captured by two parallel plats sensor and the characterization for preliminary breakdown pulse (PBP) and first return stroke (RS) were studied. A total of 207 data were recorded and 10 data are selected and been utilized in this paper accordingly. In PBP signal data, time before return stroke, ending time and maximum peak of PBP were analyzed. The time duration between the PBP and the occurrence of RS was obtained as 0.64 ms and 2.61 ms and then compared with results from other researchers. For RS signal data, slow front time, deviation time, RS peak, time to peak, zero crossing time and 10% to 90% rise time were evaluated meticulously and the results were discussed accordingly. Moreover, the statistical correlation between electric field zero times and corresponding rise times was studied.
Published: 2014

49. Characterization of silicon avalanche photodiode in term of breakdown voltage and leakage current

Author: S. N. Taib, M. N. Husein, Z. A. F. M. Napiah, Mohd Azlishah Othman, N. Y. M. Yasin, and T. S. M. Arshad
Subjects: Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, Fabrication, Materials science, Avalanche diode, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, Avalanche photodiode, Cathode, law.invention, Anode, Single-photon avalanche diode, law, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Voltage spike, Optoelectronics, Breakdown voltage, business
Abstract: The avalanche photodiode is designed by using SILVACO TCAD tool, a simulation tool for fabrication process and also electrical performances. This project proposed a planar Si Avalanche Photodiode with presence of guard ring and non guard ring. It is operated in reverse bias which means by using Silvaco Athena and Atlas, the anode connected to the negative terminal and ground to the cathode in fabrication. The project includes the effect and relationship of avalanche photodiode between substrate concentrations and doping, type of materials, with the breakdown voltage and leakage current were investigated. Then, the structure is applied with guard ring structure .At the end, we choose the best optimized design of avalanche photodiode based on current-voltage characteristics.
Published: 2014

50. Characterization preliminary breakdown in the measured lightning electric fields

Author: N. Rameli, N. Abdul Rahim, M. N. Hamzah, M. A. Abd Bari, M. Z. A. Ab Kadir, S. N. M. Arshad, and M. Izadi
Subjects: Engineering, Future studies, business.industry, Electric field, Electrical engineering, Lightning channel, Mechanics, Power engineering, business, Lightning, Characterization (materials science)
Abstract: In this study, characterization of measured electric fields due to lightning channel was done. Likewise, previous studies on this case were reviewed and discussed accordingly. Furthermore, preliminary breakdown was done in detail and it was indicated on the real measured electric fields and the results were discussed. The behavior of preliminary breakdown signal was observed. This study shows that it will be easier to design filtering of the preliminary breakdown. The result show compelling agreement with theoretical predictions and significant improvement over previous effort by Clarence and Malan, Weidman and Krider and Rakov, et al. the work presented here has profound implications for future studies of Preliminary Breakdown and may one day help solve the problem of designing protection level for Electrical Engineers. The results show that the occurrence of PBP is in between 2 to 10 milliseconds before return stroke as agreed with Clerence and Malan.
Published: 2014

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