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Objective This study aimed to determine if laboratory inflammatory markers can predict critical disease in symptomatic COVID-19 pregnant women. Study Design Multicenter, retrospective cohort study of all pregnant women presenting to New York City Health + Hospitals emergency departments from March 1 to May 30, 2020. We assessed all symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive pregnant women with room air oxygen saturation Results A total of 498 of 5,002 pregnant women were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive of which 77 presented with hypoxemia. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were highly sensitive for progression to severe illness. ROC curve analysis identified predictive cutoffs: ALC 8.1 (100% sensitivity, 70% specificity, AUC = 0.86 (95% CI: [0.76–0.96]). Conclusion ALC and NLR on presentation are sensitive markers of progression to critical COVID-19 disease in symptomatic pregnant women. This finding provides a practical, rapid method for assessment and can assist clinicians with decision-making regarding triage, level of care, and patient management. Key Points

First-trimester fetal biometry using transvaginal sonography is now feasible and desirable due to improved imaging and probe maneuverability. A study of 144 early normal pregnancies with precise dates is presented. Regression models were constructed for the crown–rump length, biparietal diameter, head circumference and abdominal circumference. Error analysis of the technique and calculations was performed. First-trimester fetal biometry may be used for obtaining precise estimates of gestational age and may help to detect early fetal maldevelopment resulting in abnormal growth. Copyright © 1993 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology

We performed a meta-analysis of all published cases of fetal supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT) treated with maternally administered oral digoxin. The purpose of the study was to determine the expected therapeutic response time and thereby facilitate clinical management of fetal SVT. A statistically significant association was found between the duration of therapy and the probability of therapeutic success. Sixty percent of fetuses responded within 10 days of initiating oral digoxin and 80% within 17 days. We have constructed a graph of the expected fetal response rate over time. Our findings also suggest that cases that have been reported as treatment failures were in fact treated for a significantly shorter duration than fetuses in whom SVT was controlled. Ninety-two percent of failures were treated for 7 days or less. No other significant differences could be detected between the groups. Our findings elucidate the expected response rate of fetal SVT to oral digoxin therapy and suggest that many cas...

Today NAND Flash memory is used for data and code storage in digital cameras, USB devices, cell phones, camcorders, and solid-state disk drives. Figure 13.6.1 shows the memory-density trend since 2003. To satisfy the market demand for lower cost per bit and higher density nonvolatile memory, in addition to technology scaling, 2b/cell MLC technology was introduced. Recently, MLC NAND flash memories with more than 2b/cell [1,2] have been reported.

Loral has demonstrated a 42/spl times/64 element ultrasound transducer array and C-scan camera. This will be followed by a 128/spl times/128 array and camera during the second phase of the program. Overcoming the one coax wire per element constraint of conventional ultrasound systems, gathering 3D data, and presenting it in a user friendly format enables system design concepts previously considered impossible. A novel approach for ultrasound transducer design and a system concept that displays the picture of a full coronal view promises to make systems less expensive and their pictures easier to understand. The possibility of making a system which is truly portable for battlefield or EMT/ambulance-based care is equally exciting.

Two groups of 58 gestational diabetic women matched for age, prepregnancy weight, height, and parity were studied. The home glucose monitoring study group performed fasting and 1-hour postprandial capillary blood glucose testing after every meal. The control group was followed by conventional treatment. The incidence of macrosomia (birth weight of greater than or equal to 4000 gm) and large (greater than or equal to 90%) for gestational age infants was significantly reduced in the home glucose monitoring group. The mean birth weight of the study group was 3231 +/- 561 gm, while that of the control group was 3597 +/- 721 gm (p less than 0.002). Significantly more patients in the home glucose monitoring group were receiving insulin therapy (50% versus 21%). We believe that intensive home glucose monitoring will allow for the early identification of those gestational diabetic patients needing insulin and thus reduce the incidence of macrosomia and large for gestational age infants.

So disappointing have been the drugs and methods used in the approach to the problem of alcoholism that one must exert great caution in evaluating any new technique. However, recently many enthusiastic reports have entered the literature concerning the drug known as tetraethylthiuramdisulfide, or, as it is more commonly called, antabuse.®1 From the historical background, it has been noted previously that workers exposed to tetraethylthiuramdisulfide in the rubber industry had discovered their tolerance for alcohol considerably decreased. Hald and Jacobsen2employed tetraethylthiuramdisulfide as a possible anthelmintic and found that there were no toxic effects over an extended period of time. They also observed that contact with alcohol produced a moderately severe disagreeable physical reaction, consisting of headache, flushing, palpitation, nausea, and vomiting. The physical effects were explained on the basis of the drug's interference with the metabolism of alcohol at the acetaldehyde stage, allowing acetaldehyde to accumulate. Voegtlin's