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Consider a rm owned by shareholders with heterogeneous beliefs and run by a manager who chooses random production plans. Shareholders do not observe the chosen plan but only its realization. The nancial market consists of assets contingent on production realizations. A contract for the manager species her compensation as a function of the rms production and possibly some restrictions to trade in the nancial market. Shareholders are unrestricted. We dene a concept of equilibrium between the manager and shareholders such that the equilibrium production plan is unanimously preferred by the manager and the shareholders, markets clear and the manager has no incentive to cheat. We rst analyze the properties of such equilibria and in particular show that the contract should restrict the manager from trading. We next provide a framework where such equilibria exist. We lastly study the properties of equilibrium compensations when shareholders have beliefs that can be ranked in terms of optimism towards the equilibrium plan. Specic attention is given to their departure from linear compensations.

Before Pilar Miro’s famous filmic adaptation of The Dog in the Manger, Lope de Vega’s masterpiece had been successfully brought to the small screen in Soviet Russia. The Leningrad director Yan Frid’s 1977 musical comedy Sobaka na Sene (The Dog on the Hay), while almost unknown in the West, is considered a classic of Soviet cinema. This article explores the reasons behind the extraordinary popularity of this television film in relation to the Russian Lopean performance canon, as well as to the specific sociocultural conditions of the Stagnation era. I argue that, by prioritizing the issue of gender relations over the conflict of honor, Sobaka na sene managed to inscribe new cultural meanings in the story of the Countess of Belflor and her secretary and, therefore, to bring Lope’s play closer to the Soviet viewers of the late 1970s.

The aim of this article is to show how, through Derrida, the concept of unconditional hospitality can be understood through a logic of the parasite. In a supplementary chain that leads to the figure of the parasite, I first knot two main concepts: hospitality and unconditionality. Then I explore the knotting itself through two theoretical articulations discussed by Derrida in many of his text on the work of mourning and the altered constitution of ipseity. Finally, I will arrive at the unpublished seminar Manger l’autre (1989-1990) to focus on the “eating trope” of hospitality. Since para-sitos only means eating-with, the parasite is not a priori a negative notion, but rather suggests a trespassing of frontiers. All the above articulations finally lead me to propose a reading of these topics through a notion of incorporation.

Indian MSMEs involved in manufacturing lag behind in implementation of sustainable manufacturing practices. Therefore, Sustainability assessment plays a vital role in adopting and implementing the sustainable techniques and practices in manufacturing sectors. One of the reasons may be the lack of awareness about indicators which enable qualitative as well as quantitative assessment of level of sustainability. This further enable the organization to implement the practices, methods, technologies that enable higher sustainability of the organization. Present study attempts to identify the indicator which are vital to improving the sustainably of the organization. In this study, a set of indicators were identified and categorized based on Triple bottom line (environmental, economic and social) approach of sustainability. Further an expert opinion cum Fuzzy-AHP Based Approach was used to prioritize and rank these indicators. Present research work will be useful for industry practitioner and manger to identify the priority areas of focus to achieve improved sustainability of manufacturing organization.

PurposeIn an experience economy, the alternative options for higher education are varied; resulting in competition and a deliberate focus on student experience to create competitive advantage. In this regard, the various constituents of the university, including the library, are required to transform the organisational culture, specifically, the service culture, to engage students in a way that creates a memorable experience. In response, The UWI, Mona Library re-launched its Customer Service programme: using an in-house inspired 10 element service model, with initiatives aimed at realising each element, the library purposed to build a service culture. This paper seeks to assess employees' perception of the impact of the initiatives of this model.Design/methodology/approachThis survey research employed individual interviews to assess employees' perception of the impact of the initiatives of the service model, with the objective of refining the model, where needed, for continued use in the Mona Library, and for use in libraries desirous of implementing the model.FindingsThe initiatives of the service model are creating the desired customer service culture and aspects have been identified for refinement.Research limitations/implicationsThe model is based on the needs, experiences, history, culture and strategic priorities of one Caribbean university library. It centres on the employees and their perception. As such, it focuses less on the product, space and the external customer; but it is hoped that by focusing on the employees (specifically creating a service culture amongst them) that this will ultimately impact product, space and the overall customer experience.Practical implicationsProvides the top priorities and considerations for a practicing Caribbean / developing country academic library manger, with an interest in a model for nurturing service culture amongst the employees.Originality/valueThis paper is of value as it centres on creating a service culture, rather than on the usual customer service satisfaction survey, offers a service model and adds to the literature on customer service in academic libraries.

Background Women’s decision-making power regarding reproductive health and rights (RHR) was the central component to achieve reproductive well-being. Literatures agree that a women having higher domestic decision-making power regarding their health care were more likely to utilize health services. More than 80% of women in Ethiopia reside in rural areas where they considered as the subordinates of their husbands. This would restrict women to fully exercise their RHR. Thus, this study aims to determine the factors influencing the women’s decision-making power regarding RHR in Mettu rural district, South West Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was done among 415 by using randomly selected married women of reproductive age from March to April 2017. Data was entered by using Epi-data manger 1.4 and analyzed by SPSS version 21. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out. Result One hundred sixty-eight (41.5%) of the women had greater decision-making power regarding RHR. Woman’s primary education AOR 2.62[95% C. I 1.15, 5.97], secondary (9+) education AOR 3.18[95% C. I 1.16, 8.73] and husband’s primary education AOR 4.0[95% C. I 1.53, 10.42], secondary (9+) education AOR 3.95 [95% C. I 1.38, 11.26], being knowledgeable about RHR AOR 3.57 [95% C. I 1.58, 8.09], marriage duration of more than 10 years AOR 2.95 [95% C. I 1.19, 7.26], access to micro-credit enterprises AOR 4.26[95% C. I 2.06, 8.80], having gender equitable attitude AOR 6.38 [95% C. I 2.52, 12.45] and good qualities of spousal relation AOR 2.95 [95% C. I 1.30, 6.64] were positively influencing women’s decision-making power regarding RHR. Conclusion More than four in ten rural women had greater decision-making power regarding RHR. External pressures (qualities of spousal relation, gender equitable attitude) and knowledge about RHR were found to influence women’s decision-making power. Public health interventions targeting women’s RHR should take into account strengthening rural micro-credit enterprises, qualities of spousal relations and priority should be given to women with no formal education of husband or herself and marriage duration of

The chain supermarket in the domestic have been grown up. Because of the proffesional staff, the quick development of enterprise, the information technology has been elevated to a new step. But, the lack of alignment between strategy and business goals is the source of the problems. So, business areas should effectively managing those projects before the IT area. Then, an efficient IT management is necessary, so that IT projects should be show up in relation with strategic alignment view and the achievement of organization goals. The aim of this work is to build an intranet network to connect a chain of supermarkets for the city by using the newest technology that simplify management information system. The work helps owners and managers gather information relating to their company. Meanwhile, right now in the city the supermerks manually working or at least the network is missing in the business field. Therefore, computerized management information systems is necessary to help much more convenient for manger to control and monitor all items in the branches. So, the supermarkets later on, much faster ,easier and powerful. Finally, it can helps to save time, money, and it makes the company become more accurate.

Strategic Alliances, like mergers and acquisitions are one of the options organizations undertake to grow.A merger involves merging or coming together of two organizations and acquisition is a process when oneorganization acquires another of its interest.1 Organizations enter into strategic alliances to compete in theassociated market and expand their share in the market, to enter into new geographical areas, to add newproduct profiles, to capitalize the newer technologies available and also add to their financial competencies.This research paper reviews various literature available on the effect of mergers and acquisitions on themental wellbeing and overall wellbeing of the employees associated with the organizations undergoingthese major changes. Mergers and acquisitions follow three stages and each stage flows into the other, thereare various factors which play a very critical role for enabling the mergers and acquisitions to achieve whatthey set to achieve at each stage. There are various hard factors like the financial parameters, adequateplanning for financial and operational integration by capitalizing on the previous experience, assessment ofrisks and strengths, eliminating excess payments, and various soft issues ,like the cultural issues, ensuringextended assurance from the leadership, facilitating proper and timely communication to avoid unwanteddissemination of information, ensuring adequate speed for the implementation plans , ensuring visible andaccountable steps like designating an integration manger to handle all the dilemmas in context to the humanresources, implementing various reporting structures and facilitating the combined ways to deal with criticalissues, collaborating with the critical teams in the process of integration, efficiently managing the variousissues pertaining to human resources to ensure employee motivation and sustainability and implementingvarious plans to enable and ensure the proper amalgamation of the cultures of the organizations involved tominimize and eliminate the negative effects on the mental wellbeing and ensure the overall wellbeing of theemployees involved in the process.1

This study aims to achieve a number of the goals which relate to scheduling on the target costing including its definition and the stage of the deterring target costing and explaining the effects of the number of factors in the determining in manufactures companies in Sudan. This study has adopted the analytical descriptive approach. The study has concluded that target costing is one of the modern cost systems which have an approach as results of the firm competition. it depends on staring by recognizing customer needs and trying to achieve them as valuable as possible the study has also pointed out that these factors differ in the degree of effect in the process of determining target costing in Sudan based on these results the researcher has come with a number of recommendation the most important of which is that there must be a great costing deep of explanation for the theoretical framework of target costing among the companies in order to help these companies come along with the level and international competition locally and systematically. the researcher has also recommended the should be training and learning in the companies in the market competition so that manger can recognize the modernity of accounting mutuality In addition, the researcher emphasizes the importance of cost –accounting awareness of the features accomplished by application of target costing and conducting more applied and theoretical studies and taking care of the raw material price and the quality of the material.

The study aims to examine the relationship between manager personality, strategic flexibility, and firm performance. Using the five-factor personality model, the study hypothesizes the relationship between manager personality and strategic flexibility. Further, we propose that strategic flexibility mediates the relationship between manger personality and firm performance. A sample of 162 managers from various automobile companies is used for conducting empirical analysis. The findings of the study highlight the important role of managers’ personality in deciding strategic direction of the firm and hence performance of the company. Our research contributes to literature by delineating how each facet of the personality either augments or inhibits the development of strategic flexibility in an organization.

Lack of knowledge about working capital management caused the sustainability of start-ups in UNNES area is still being low. It resulted that manager of start-ups are difficult to develop themselves. Therefore, it need for training to improve the skills in making good financial, so the sustainability of start-ups is reached. To increase of the existence and sustainability of start-ups are also required the reinforcement of working capital management by manager of the start-up. Then, focus of devotion is the owner and manager of the start-ups in UNNES area that gathered in HIPMI PT UNNES. Purpose of this devotion is improving and making good working capital management for the sustainability of start-up. Participants in this devotion 25 people. Procedure in this devotion is carried out by delivering of material on working capital management. In supporting of devotion, the dedication team arranges the module of working capital management. Outcome of this devotion is creating that the manger of the start-up can continue their start-up, so it can reduce the number of unemployment.

Objective: This study presents a novel concept of an efficient and smart irrigation system for supporting the farmer’s communities using an Internet of Things (IoT) and to overcome the loss from their cultivation a smart monitoring system is incorporated. Methods: This system is classified into two different phases. In first phase, the irrigation water storage tank will be controlled by the smart irrigation system. The level of the water is maintaining by the water level manger (sensor) and if the maximum level is decreased then it fills the water automatically with the support of the controller. However, this process is functioning under the approval of the farmer in every stage. The humidity of soil is observing based on the plants and the water will be supplied if it needs in the second phase. The decisions will be taken by the decision maker with the support of other co-devices and it has been monitored by the concern farmer and reported periodically in this process. In case, the soil threshold value is overcoming then the decision maker will be activated. The irrigation tank water level is maintaining perfectly by the proposed system without the farmer presences in the field and it is designed especially for managing discontinues electricity situation. Findings: The fault ratio is less than 1% and it occurs due to the device failures. The threshold value has been set based on the cultivated plants for maintaining the humidity of soil and it differs according the plants. The agri-cloud is providing the needed information at right time and it inculcates required nutrient for the high yields to the farmers. This system can be applied for all the plants. Application: Therefore every farmer can be benefited from their cultivation, leads to save the cost, guides to get high yields, provides the platform for getting 100% of the profit without third parties participations offers an awareness and neediness for making an organic based cultivation and help to avoid the loss or failures. Keywords: Agriculture, Cloud Sever, Internet of Things, Smart Irrigation, Wireless Sensors

During the last decades, many dairy farmers have actively advanced their farms toward automation. Automatic concentrate dispensers and automatic milking systems have been utilised for years, and several manufacturers have introduced automatic feeding systems (AFS). AFSs allow for the increase in frequency of feed distribution with significant advantages in terms of health and production. Furthermore, they provide a reduction of man labour related to preparation of feed, distribution, and propelling the ration closer to the feeding rack. The present research was focused on the monitoring of a dairy farm, located in the Veneto region of Italy, during the transition from a conventional feeding system (CFS), based on a tractor operated mixing wagon, to an automatic system equipped with stationary feeding hoppers, mixing unit, and distribution wagon operating on rail. The article reports a comparative analysis of the structural modifications required for the adoption of AFS, including an analysis of the AFS/CFS systems based on their functionality, energy, and man labour requirements. In the case study, AFS represented an affordable way to reduce covered area of the housings, as a result of the reduction in width of foraging lane and the reduction of manger front length. In addition, AFS demonstrated a reduction in labour requirements and improvement of quality and consistency of work when feeding total mixed ration. Finally, the research was addressed to study dairy cow behaviour. A method for monitoring the feeding, resting, and standing indexes was applied to the CFS farm. As a preliminary result of this activity, a positive correlation between cow resting activity and milk production was discovered.

The medical manager has taken charge of medical care on board ship. However the domestic and international regulations concerning the qualifications and education of medical manger are primarily focused on first aid, aspect nursing, etc. There are no education contents on medicine. The purpose of this research is to identify the problems of ship’s medication and medical manager education system, and propose the some improvements. The first is to expand the education on medicine and medical devices in the range of 3-4 hours. The second is to amend the national and international regulations to include education on medicine and medication. The third is to improve the ships and vessels medicine management system to systematically manage the medicines supplied to the vessels.

Dating back at least to the ancient Greeks, philosophers have believed that individual decision making is pulled by two constantly competing thought processes: one, by more emotionally based and often irrational thoughts, and second, by more coldly logical thoughts. The emergency management field is an ideal place to address the art and science of decision making. Almost surprisingly, psychologists find that emotionally, “gut-based” decision making” can be accurate much of the time, and done in a split second, but only if it is based on a history of knowledge and practice in a specific area. Unfortunately, people often use gut decision making when they have not developed the quality experience as well as when they have, and really can’t easily tell the difference. Further, psychologists have found common biases that affect even important decisions, for example were we hungry, or happy, or angry just before we made a decision. These can affect our decision making with little evident awareness. Our existing attitudes and emotional feelings for or against an individual, a situation, or anything will influence us and lean toward our more comfortable thoughts, whether or not they are accurate or realistic. The problem of recognizing biases, when to quickly go “by your gut” as opposed to more slowly thinking it through, ought to constantly be on the mind of the emergency manger. Improved decision making in emergency management as well as in our wider lives is not impossible, but constantly recognizing the process and its flaws and acting to improve upon them is very difficult.

The study was carried out on 250 dairy farmers from 25 villages of Varanasi District on random basis distributed evenly through pre-tested questionnaire and and on farm personal visit and observation to identify various existing housing management practices adopted by the dairy farmers for their livestock. Results revealed that majority of the respondents (73.2 %) had their separate animal house located nearby their own house. A total of 60.8% of the farmers did not have optimum size of animal house and 61.6% did not have optimum floor space for their animals. Head to head system was preferred by the majority (44.4 %) of the respondents, tail to tail in 21.0% and 34.6% respondents were adopting single line housing system for their dairy animals. As for the floor of the animal house 35.2, 30.0 and 34.0% respondents had pucca cemented floor, brick paved floor and earthen floor, respectively. Roof of the animal house was made up of asbestos sheets, galvanised iron sheet and thatched roof in case of 58.8%, 12.4% and 28.8 % of respondents respectively. Whereas, majority (66.4%) respondents were using pucca (cemented) manger for feeding their animals; only 38.8 % of the respondents had provision of pucca drainage system. Although 53.2% had fairly good ventilation, only only 31.6% maintained proper cleanliness in their animal house. It was concluded that, dairy farmers of Varanasi district were not having optimum houses and they were not adopting proper scientific housing management practices for their dairy animals. Accordingly, it was revealed that there is a lot of scope for increasing productivity of animals and thereby, income of farmers from dairy animals by improving the housing parameters and housing management practices of dairy animals.

Nursing managers should enjoy appropriate competency level and knowledge that enhance their creative problem solving style. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to assess perceived nursing manager's competency, determine problem solving styles of nursing managers and detect the relation between nursing mangers' competency and their problem solving styles. Subjects and methods: a descriptive correlational design was utilized to attain the aim of the present study. The study sample included 97 nurse mangers working in Mansoura university hospital data was collected with using tool consisted of three parts: personal characteristics, Nursing Manger Competency Inventory (NMCI), and foursight problem solving style inventory. Conclusion: Majority of nursing mangers had moderate level of competency. Majority of nursing mangers had developer problem solving style and problem solving style level was moderate as perceived by the studied sample. There was significant relation between nursing manger competency level and problem solving style. Recommendation: Provide training programs to nursing mangers to enhance their competency level. Provide training programs about the importance of creativity for enhancing organization ability and efficiency, and how mangers can use their problem solving styles effectively. Draw up visions of nursing management in the future by health care organizations.

The poaching of rhinos has increased dramatically in recent years, creating an ongoing problem and cost to rhino managers. A manager may decrease the reward to the poacher by devaluing the horn such as dehorning so that only a stub is left, or inserting a poison, dye or GPS tracker. However, as it is impossible to remove all value of the horn (a stub remains, poison fades, or GPS trackers can be removed) a poacher may still kill the rhino for the partial gain from the horn, and to avoid tracking this particular rhino in the future. We consider the problem as a theoretical game, where the players are poachers and a rhino manager. By considering the payoff to both manger and poachers we highlight the manager's struggle to discourage poachers to not kill a devalued rhino, despite the loss of time, and increase of risk, to the poacher. Generally, the manager can only influence the situation if virtually all rhino horns are devalued, or the risk involved to the poacher is increased, such as through greater enforcement. However, the cost to devalue the last few rhinos may be very costly due to the sparsity of rhinos, and the rhino manager can easily make a loss by trying to devalue the last, few rhinos. But, whilst a few rhinos remain with their intact horn, a poacher is unlikely to avoid a particular ranch.

You should now have all the bits and pieces you need to move forward with your PeopleSoft Cloud Manger application installation. This chapter will walk you through the steps necessary to obtain the PeopleSoft Cloud Manager Image (currently image 7) from the Oracle Cloud Marketplace, provision that image in the Compute Classic Service, and fully install PeopleSoft Cloud Manager in the Oracle Cloud.

Livestock play a vital role in the agriculture and rural economics of the developing world. Animal husbandry is a major economic activity of the rural peoples, especially in the Chittorgarh district of Southern Rajasthan. A field survey was conducted to study goat housing and management practices of 120 respondents of 8 villages of Chittorgarh and Kapasan tehsils of Chittorgarh district of Rajasthan were interviewed. Frequencies were work out for each attributes and percentage were calculated to draw inferences. Most of goat owners has open goat shed attached to own house with floor made by dung and clay. Majority of goat owners used manger feeding (60percentage) which was mostly made of wooden type (55.56percentage). All goat owners used to water trough and cleaning and washing of goat house regularly. Majority (85percentage) of goat owners used to local method for identification of goat and weaning practice (70percentage) donot give proper housing for winter season (58.33percentage) and summer season (60percentage).

The aim of this research was to describe nurse managers' leadership and management competencies (NMLMC) from the perspective of nursing personnel. Nurse managers are responsible for the management of the largest professional group in social and health care. The assessment of NMLMC is needed because of their powerful influence on organizational effectiveness. An electronic survey was conducted among the nursing personnel (n = 166) of 1 Finnish hospital in spring 2016. Nursing personnel assessed their manager using a NMLMC scale consisting of general and special competences. The data were statistically analyzed. Leadership and management competencies were assessed as being quite good by the nursing personnel. The best-assessed area of general competence was professional competence and credibility and the weakest was service initiation and innovation. The best-assessed area of special competence was substance knowledge and the weakest was research and development. The nursing personnel's assessment of their nurse manger's competencies was associated with the personnel's education level, working experience, and with their knowledge of the manager's education. Conclusion was made that nursing personnel highly value professional competence as part of nursing leadership and management. To achieve more appreciation, nurse managers have to demonstrate their education and competence. They must also work in more open and versatile ways with their nursing personnel.

In this descriptive study the aim was to explore the perspectives about e-HRM, their perspectives for choosing the applications for the system, their observed organizational outcomes of HR managers in the leading companies in Turkey. The result of the in-depth interviews with HR specialist from service industry, showed that time management, easy acquiring and access to personal data, and reduce administration costs was the primary motivator for electronic human resource applications. E-HRM reduced organizational costs, improved better and faster communication between manger and employees, reduced the processing time for e-HR usage in organizations. However, interviews showed that e-learning/ e-training is not very effective for organizations. Keywords E-HRM, Operational E-HRM, Relational E-HRM, Transformational E-HRM, E-HRM Outcomes

Although female figures from the Bible are largely absent from the poetry of George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, and Thomas Traherne, a few poems treat female biblical characters in a substantive way. Yet even in these poems, biblical women are more passive and more silent than in the Bible, and each of these poems must be considered in the context of a poetic corpus which reinforces female passivity and silence. Overall, in drawing from the biblical narrative the poets follow two patterns: the omission of biblical women, leaving the corresponding male figures; and a treatment of the remaining female figures in which they are usually rendered passive, sometimes objectified, and always silenced.

This paper argues that 4 Ezra 14 represents the climax of the sensory revelations experienced by Ezra, and as such, that this is the episode which finally facilitates Ezra’s understanding of divine wisdom. In each of episodes one through six Ezra is incapable of making sense of what has been revealed to him, even though Ezra’s sensory revelations escalate throughout the text, from hearing to seeing. It is only when Ezra tastes heavenly food in the final episode, the cup filled with the fiery liquid, that he is able to transcend mortal understanding. I argue that 4 Ezra 14:38–41, where Ezra ingests the liquid from the cup, participates in the hitherto undefined literary trope of hierophagy—food given by an immortal to a mortal which transforms the eater in some way. In tasting the divine liquid, Ezra surpasses ordinary hearing and sight, and consumes God’s meaning directly.

This chapter introduces a typology of “email overload” that distinguishes between information overload, work overload, and social overload that better captures the diversity of experiences reported in the literature. Information overload occurs when the amount of information to be consumed and assimilated, particularly with respect to a particular task or decision, exceeds the individual’s information processing capacity. Work overload occurs when the volume of messages received and the time required to respond appropriately exceeds the hours available in the workday. Social overload occurs when a worker receives email messages from too many different people evoking too many distinct roles and social contexts, exceeding the recipient’s interaction capacity. The chapter discusses the implications of the typology for doing studies that will produce finer-grained analyses, leading to more fruitful recommendations for knowledge workers and their managers. It considers the implications of contemporary trends in technology use for user experiences of overload.

Background: Daycares in BC fall under the Community Care and Assisted Living Act which require all daycare facilities to provide a safe environment, including drinking water. Young children who have been exposed to lead in drinking water at schools and daycares can incur serious health effects, including damage to cognitive development. Previous research has demonstrated that even low levels of blood lead concentration are associated with intellectual disability, slowed growth and development, lowered ability to concentrate, decreased academic achievement and behavioural problems. Individuals’ knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on drinking water can influence on how the children consume drinking water and potentially cause adverse health effects. This study evaluated daycare managers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on lead in drinking water related to this issue. Method: This study was conducted by collecting 106 responses from a KAP survey to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding drinking water contaminants. The survey was distributed to daycare managers in Fraser Health region. The responses were analyzed with regression and correlation, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square tests. Results: There was a statistically significant correlation between the age of daycare manger and their knowledge (t-test = 0.0309). All other tests showed no statistical correlation, difference, and/or association (p-value greater than significance level of 0.05 on all parameters) between managerial experiences, age of managers, types of daycares in their knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding lead in drinking water in daycare facilities. The data of KAP questionnaires indicated that most daycare mangers do not fully understand and not are sufficiently educated regarding lead toxicity in drinking water. Conclusions: The results of KAP surveys showed that an educational intervention by the government or local health authorities is highly recommended and needed to improve the daycare managers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding lead in drinking water. Additional research is required to confirm this.

Organizations have important status in modern societies. Survival, progress and destruction of organizations depend on management. The manger of an organization guides the organization toward optimal conditions and tries to improve his workplace. Management concepts have significant status in Persian literature and most of the literary scholars in the past worked in governmental systems. So, they expressed managerial points directly in their verse and prose works as story and proverbs. These literary works involve subjects on governance, peace, war and governor characteristics. Like any other civilized people, Iranians have own styles in management. There is a direct relationship between management and culture and this relationship necessitates the study of the Iranian culture in order to institutionalize the managerial methods and discover particular rules in this culture. Managerial styles are used for interpretation and confirmation of literature with society’s needs.

Currently, as the Android platform only supports single-user protection, it needs security solution for multi-users. Specially, it has to protect specific applications which have personal and financial information, and be available to support authority management for contents access. Thus, this paper proposes an integrated user authority manger model for the Android platform. It helps application authority which is capable to divide into three statuses: installation, execution, deletion with the help of information technology.

Aim To determine the factors that attract and retain Registered Nurses in the first-line nurse manager role. Background The first-line nurse manger role is pivotal in health-care organisations. National demographics suggest that Canada will face a first-line nurse manager shortage because of retirement in the next decade. Determination of factors that attract and retain Registered Nurses will assist organisations and policy makers to employ strategies to address this shortage. Methods The study used an exploratory, descriptive qualitative approach, consisting of semi-structured individual interviews with 11 Registered Nurses in first-line nurse manager roles. Results The findings revealed a discrepancy between the factors that attract and retain Registered Nurses in the first-line nurse manager role, underscored the importance of the mentor role and confirmed the challenges encountered by first-line nurse managers practicing in the current health-care environment. Conclusions The first-line nurse manager role has been under studied. Further research is warranted to understand which strategies are most effective in supporting first-line nurse managers. Implications for Nursing Management Strategies to support nurses in the first-line nurse manager role are discussed for the individual, programme, organisation and health-care system/policy levels.

This paper explores the role shoes played in the regulation of sex and gender in early modern Spain. A key component of a sartorial code identified with prostitution and civil status, the chapines became the object of self-fashioning for women, as well as the target of control of their sexuality and subjectivity. “The Balcony of the Chapin” analyzes the correspondences of representation of these kinds of shoes in Lope de Vega's play El perro del hortelano [The Dog in the Manger], the theatrical home of Tristan, Marcela, Diana, and Teodoro, and in a series of regulation texts (edicts, laws, and treatises by moralistas) that sought to contain the wearing of such shoes. Rather than separating the “free” expression of this footwear in the fantasy of theater from the “contained” prescription of the regulation texts, the goal of this article is to tease out how the wearing of these shoes by women responded to a more complex agency than mere banality (the “vain architecture” of the balcony of the chapines uttere...

This study refers to previous studies, by kevin kam Fung So and Ceridwyn King (2009). The background of this research was to prove the management approaches that brand equity as the key assets for hotel industries and provide brand manger hotel to evaluate brand equity as an outcome brand strategies. The objectives of this research was : (a) the positive effect of company’s presented brand to brand awareness, (b) the positive effect of company’s presented brand to brand meaning, (c) the positive effect of external brand communications to brand awarenessm, (d) the positive effect of external brand communications to brand meaning, (e) the positive effect of customer experience with company to brand meaning, (f) the positive effect of brand awareness to brand equity, (g) the positive effect of brand meaning to brand equity. The design of this research applies a survey toward unit of analysis on the hotel and to interview the customers for testing hypothesis. Meanwhile the required data consist of six variables; company presented brand , external brand communications , customer experience with company, brand awareness, brand meaning, and brand equity. The aggregate numbers of customer being respondent of the study are 150. Data analysis used in this research was consists of Structural Equation Method by LISRELL 8.7 as software. The result of this research conclude that variable of company’s presented brand had effect to brand awareness , company’s presented brand had effect to brand meaning, external brand communications had effect to brand awareness, external brand communications had effect to brand meaning, customer experience with company had effect to brand meaning, brand mening had effect to brand equity, and brand awareness had effect to brand equity. Keywords : Brand equity, Hotels, Brand Awareness, Customer satisfaction

Construction industry is accident-prone industry with high percentage of occupational accidents against total number of employees, to prevent safety accident, a lot of safety management system has been developed and applied to construction industry, a safety manger’s time to inspect the construction site has rather decreased due to increase in burden of administrative work for safety management. As a result, there was a doubt on the efficiency of intensified safety management activities. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate current safety management activities and propose a more practical and efficient management plan after analyzing strengths and weaknesses so far through a questionnaire survey.

From the disaster behavioral health (DBH) perspective, this disaster preparedness and response element is often seen as an ancillary service to emergency management, but when implemented as part of a comprehensive disaster response program, can actually make emergency mangers jobs easier. Roles that DBH can play are discussed including consultation, needs assessment, provision of psychoeducational information, training and education, and referral. From an emergency manager’s perspective, this chapter discusses how that job might be made easier through integration with DBH. Six areas with integration that can help emergency mangers are discussed from an emergency manger’s perspective. These include increased awareness and understanding of psychosocial factors, messaging, enhanced operations, enhanced sheltering of survivors, determining strategic service locations, and facilitation of program implementation.

Understanding what motivates creative people, and then channeling their passions and energies toward some common business purpose, is not an easy balance to get right. This chapter explores what a manger in this situation can do. It starts by understanding some of the basic paradigms underlying human resource management in general. There are 10 practical tips for motivating change that emerged during a visit to Sony Pictures’ studio lot in Los Angeles. This chapter also includes an interview with a Danish media executive. She discusses how to manage creative personality types and the responsibilities of a manager to provide learning opportunities in order to prepare employees for the digital disruption happening in the media industry today.

With the rapid change of technology and the rise of design-driven innovation, creativity is considered as an important role to enterprise’s growth. It seems creativity stimulate the economy over the past few decades. However, it is supported by a particular context and condition these days. No matter the creative economy or the flat white economy, it is an outcome of a specific working organization or creative labor relationship. Instead of individual talent, a team could contribute more within organization as a whole. At this point, design manger plays a core role in an organization and design management is seen as the business side of design. Although there is abundant research relating to designer’s individual creativity, there have been few studies focus on team management in design organization. The study intends to get into the factors that influence design team and interpret the design management from its attribute and feature in order to organize a communication tendency among the design manager and team members. For further analysis of studies, there is no single effective rule to improve creativity and profession since differences of business environment and leading style among organizations. For design origination, in order to fit into need of team member and client, manager must revise methods in both profession and management part.

As the research shows that small and medium enterprises are comprising of more than 90% of the business around the world. In the developing countries SMEs contribute to the GDP, poverty alleviation, creating jobs, and have many other benefits which are crucial. According to their significance to country side, human side, SMEs needs to be successful to improve the both sides. The niche marketing strategy is one of the most successful strategy applied by different companies around the world. And those who are using the strategy are enjoying the success of their organizations. For SMEs the niche marketing strategy is beneficial because the owner or manger can build a good relation with the consumers and suppliers. A good relationship is necessary for sale purpose and for reputation building.

Because of defective manufacturing processes and systems, product harm crises are likely to occur more often recently. Product harm crisis is likely to affect specific attribute- or non-attribute-based brand associations. It has been confirmed that exposure of product harm crisis weakens consumers’ satisfaction, purchase intention, and evaluation of the corporation as well as brand equity. Response strategy is of key importance to alleviate damage caused by product harm crisis. To resolve product harm crisis, manger should select the appropriate response strategy according to seriousness of product harm crisis. This paper suggested that managers should use a combination of response strategies for product harm crisis, according to the empirical findings based on defective manufacturing processes and systems.

This research report tests employment transition for the modern day security manger. In this experiment 30 subjects were asked to complete a 14-question survey regarding their personal experiences that took place during the transitioning phase of previous employment into the field of security. The results of this study showed that security managers are well educated and progressive in their viewpoints of security as a business function, although hardships were experienced during their transition. Answers point to the understanding that a lack of training dominate the field of security management, and point to the necessity of security management as an academic focus.

The objective of this research to determine the knowledge level of the agriculture extension managers in the strategic management, To achieve the aims of this study we used a questionnaire included with a quadrant scale and consists of 75 paragraph for the managers of the middle zone and the executive directors, distributed in 12 sectors ( Concept, the importance, aims, types of strategies, level of strategies, Vision Characteristics, Mission Characteristics , strategic analysis, strategy formulation, strategy application, adjustment of the strategy, role and duties of the strategic manger). A random samples of 50 managers and vice managers have been taken from the middle zone of Iraq (Baghdad, Babylon, Najaf, Karbalaa, Wasit, Dyala). Moreover, another random samples represents 40% of each of the directors and executive management categories of 80 employees to be a total sample size 130 Director. The results of the study showed the average level of knowledge was 143,46 degree for the managers of the middle zone, and 135,88 degree for the executive directors on a knowledge scale ranges from to 225 degree and consists of 75 paragraph. 48% of the managers of the middle zone and 55% of the executive directors has a medium level of knowledge, accordingly this study recommend the importance of qualifying the agriculture extension managers and to develop their capabilities and skills in the field of the strategic management through specialized training programs. Moreover, the Ministry of Agriculture should take in account the importance of the strategic management and its role in achieving the agriculture development and should work to enhance its application.

Introduction David J. Shepherd 1. The Passion of the Christ: a form, a genre, a discourse Andre Gaudreault 2. La Vie et Passion de Jesus Christ (Pathe-Freres, 1902-1905): Tableau Variation in the Early Cinema Valentine Robert and Alain Boillat 3. La naissance, vie et passion du Christ (Gaumont, 1906): The Gospel According to Alice Guy David J. Shepherd 4. La Vie et Passion de Notre Seigneur Jesus Christ (Pathe-Freres, 1907): The Preservation and Transformation of Zecca's Passion Dwight H. Friesen 5. Sidney Olcott's From the Manger to the Cross (Kalem, 1912): Out of Egypt and Palestine W. Barnes Tatum 6. The Star of Bethlehem (Thanhouser, 1912): The Sacred Story from King Herod to the Crip Terry Lindvall 7. The Shadow of Nazareth (Venus Features/Warner Features, 1913): The Hermeneutics of an Unauthorized Adaptation Rhonda Burnette-Bletsch 8. La Vie et Passion de Notre Seigneur Jesus Christ (Pathe-Freres 1913/24): Pathe's Inclination to Tell and Maitre's Instinct to Show Jo-Ann Brant 9. The Birth of a Nation (D.W. Griffith, 1915) and Intolerance (Triangle/Wark 1916): Griffith's Talismanic Jesus Richard Walsh 10. Christus (CINES, 1916): Italy's First Religious "Kolossal" by Antamoro and Salvatori Giuseppe Pucci 11. Der Galilaer (Express-Film, 1921) and I.N.R.I. (Neumann-Film, 1923): The Silence of Jesus in the Early German Cinema Reinhold Zwick 12. Leaves from Satan's Book (Nordisk, 1921) and Dreyer's Script Jesus of Nazareth (1950): The Jewishness of Jesus Caroline Vander Stichele 13. The King of King's (DeMille Pictures, 1927): The Body and the Word on Film Vivienne Westbrook Final Reflections David J. Shepherd

The articles collected in this issue were first presented at an international workshop about colonial grievances, justice and reconciliation held in 2005 at the 6th Conference of the European Society for Oceanists in Marseille, France. Contributors to this issue were determined to publish some of the papers together to demonstrate the similarities in the legacy of colonialism in various Pacific societies and also to show the complexities of resolving problems that follow directly from colonial history.

Abstract Luke 1:31; 2:8-20, 46-49 are illuminated by the myth of Ion as dramatised by Euripides. Apollo begot Ion on Creusa, who married Xuthus, a supernumerary parent for Ion, providing him with a kingdom. The shepherds recall the “royal foundling” myth; the manger recalls reproaches of the Old Israel—at once signs of birth and burial.

A climate of innovation and principal leadership in schools are regarded as significant factors in successfully implementing school change or innovation. Nevertheless, the relationship between the school climate supportive of innovation and the principal’s leadership has rarely been addressed to determine whether schools successfully perform their intended change. In this vein, this study investigated the impacts of the principal’s leadership style on the teacher’s perceived school climate in terms of support for innovation. The participants were 981 full-time teachers in 32 public vocational high schools in South Korea. To examine the unobserved characteristics of schools and principals that promote a school climate supportive of innovation, both traditional multiple regression and HLM analyses were conducted and compared to the estimated effects of the principal’s leadership style as a predictor at both the teacher level and the group level. While the unobserved characteristics of school type and principals’ demographics were considered, results of the study revealed that the leadership style of the principal significantly affects how the teachers perceive the school climate in terms of support for innovation. More specifically, the findings of the study assert that principal’s leadership style as an Initiator or a Manger, rather than a Responder, can provide support for an organizational climate which enhances innovation in schools. Additionally, evaluating the government’s change initiative, the study illustrates that the government’s top-down mandate requiring schools to change was not related to the creation of a climate supportive of innovation in schools.

An investigation was carried to study the ways of farmstead planning by commercial dairy farmers in and around Navsari city of South Gujarat. For this purpose 20 each dairy farms in urban and peri urban area were selected randomly. The required information was collected through personal interview, observation and assessments methods Data were analyzed by suitable statistical techniques revealed that few farmers (12.5%) had open area and feeding alley in their animal shed. About 30 per cent farms had more scientific water bowl system in animal shed. Almost all the respondents had pucca manger in animal shed. Housing dimensions of the farms under study revealed that majority of farms had constructed their livestock shed by keeping the standard in their mind. Average length, width and height of shed were 21.01, 8.55 and 3.17 meter, respectively. Average space provided was 4.73 m2 per adult unit which was near to the standard space requirement per adult animal. Most of farms had adopted the manger height and width as per BIS recommendation; however, very shallow mangers were provided by farmers. Majority of respondents kept the dimensions of water trough nearer to BIS standard. Majority of the (75%) respondents had even surface in their animal shed, 70 per cent had grooved surface, 52.5 per cent had well sloped and 60 per cent uniform without crack. The planning of farmstead in both regions was nonsignificant in most aspects.

Construction Management is the overall management of the project as construction manager and the owner are united together. Construction manager`s role is to conduct the overall or partial construction administration in the `design, bid, build` process, in the owner`s interests with maintaining technical neutrality. Construction manager is becoming one of new professionals in the building process and the contract defines their roles and the range of services, so high level of ethnics are required. This study suggests the legal status of the construction manager and the ethnic standards and the ethnic`s characteristics. In conclusion, firstly, the legal characteristics of the administration of construction management are the delegations contract, the responsibility of negligence and the duty of due diligence, abided by the contract that ties between the owner and the construction manger. Secondly, the administerial characteristics of the construction management are the role of mediator, the service of professional technology, accountability to the owner and publicness. Thirdly, due to these characteristics, as a professional, the standard of ethnic assessment for the construction project manager are intention, act and result, so with the relation to that, morality, deontology and consequentialism have been suggested in this study.

Abstract For Itzik Manger, purimshpil is a code word, symbolizing an authentically Yiddish expressive form. And for the reader, the term opens up a mode of approach to Manger’s literary practice.

Korea and Taiwan have been the leading countries in their dynamic promotion of the export-oriented economies. Even if their role has been transferred into the mainland China to somewhat extent, their innovative business environment as well as multilateral network of business collaboration still create many opportunities as well as the challenges. The objective of this paper is to compare the promotion policies and business strategies on these web-based collaboration in a field of e-trade and to propose the role of metamediary as a network manger in these two countries. The paper compared with the most outstanding cases of KTNET in Korea and TrdeVan in Taiwan, and proposed three propositions as a paradigm for these e-EIFs to emphasize more in terms of cultual comparative advantage shown in IT industry of Korea. The propositions could be summarized with kew words of open innovation system, integrated fusion and diversity.

Public value is a new and important concept in the public management research. This concept give a new idea of public management with theme of peoples first approach to facilitate them. Public value creation is the main concern of public mangers in today’s public sector organizations. Public value is based on three building blocks of public value that are services, trust and social outcome. Professionalism is an esential requirement to achieve these building blocks of public value. A professional public manager by virtue of his possition will be in a better position to create public value. The important attributes of a professional public manger includes honesty, competency, accountability, self regulation and specialized knowledge of his field and duties. These attributes of public managers will create public value and ultimately establish the trust of public on the organization and as a result, the country will become a welfare state.