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The present study intends to explore the impact of social media on organizational performance in the IT sector of Tricity and Delhi NCR region. The data collected from lower and middle level employ...

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia del coaching educativo en las competencias digitales docentes de los profesores de la I.E. San Juan, Trujillo 2021. La investigación es de tipo básica, con diseño no experimental, transeccional descriptivo correlacional causal. Se aplicó dos cuestionarios, uno de coaching educativo y otro de competencias digitales docentes, a una muestra de 113 docentes. En los resultados se tuvo que en el coaching educativo se muestra un dominio en el nivel alto: 96,5%, hay un menor dominio en el nivel medio 3,5% y en las competencias digitales docentes, se muestran un dominio del nivel alto: 77,9%, hay un menor dominio en el nivel medio 22,1%. Así mismo, se obtuvo un =0,416 y el p

Aim: Due to the conflict of policies, HIV-1 middle-level viremia during antiretroviral therapy is neglected in China, so its clinical management was retrospectively investigated. Materials & methods: The characteristics and clinical indicators of HIV-1 patients treated in 2016 were analyzed. Results: Of 4370 cases, 1.2% progressed to middle-level viremia and 5.4% had persistent viral loads of ≥1000 copies/ml. Age, transmission mode and the ‘test and treat’ ratio among the three groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). Ordinal regression analysis showed that younger patients with higher CD4 count at baseline achieved better viral suppression if they had treatment as soon as possible. Conclusion: The results supported the ‘test and treat’ policy and suggested that the current treatment standard and testing policies should be adjusted.

Quantifying urban disaster resilience is needed to strengthen the capacity of urban disaster prevention and mitigation strategies. In previous studies, the spatial unit used for urban disaster resilience assessment was coarse, which could easily cause local differences to be overlooked. To rectify the problem, this study integrated high spatial-resolution urban grid data and built an index system from economic, social, administrative, and technological dimensions. On this basis, both exponential decay function and spatial analysis techniques were applied to establish a high-precision evaluation method of urban disaster resilience. The results showed that the urban disaster resilience of Futian District (FTUDRI) had a certain spatial aggregation effect, with an average of 0.37 ± 0.08, which was at a middle level. Areas with low and middle-low levels of FTUDRI which accounted for 27.28% were mainly located in the western, northern, and southern edges of Futian District, with undeveloped economy and inadequate emergency infrastructures. We considered the neighborhood impact of point indicators on urban disaster resilience and the results indicated if we neglected this there would be an underestimation of the urban disaster resilience assessment. Hospitals, administrations, and emergency material points were key driving indicators for improving FTUDRI. In conclusion, our results demonstrated the necessity of pursuing high-resolution urban disaster resilience assessments and the effectiveness of the newly proposed method. The results of this study can provide policymakers with a clear location of where a low level of urban disaster resilience occurs, providing a basis for urban disaster prevention and improvement measures.

Background/Purpose Supracrestal ridge augmentation (SRA) is a major challenge for clinicians. This study investigated the efficacy of a 3D-printed (3DP) hydroxyapatite/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (HA/PLGA) scaffold as a potential biologic for SRA. Methods Scaffolds that were 5 mm in diameter and 2.5-mm thick with a 1.2-mm diameter through-and-through central hole composed of 90% HA and 10% PLGA were printed using an extrusion-based bioprinter. The HA/PLGA scaffold was fixed with a 1.2-mm titanium mini-implant on the buccal surface of rat mandible (Ti-HPS), and the outcome of SRA were compared with sites treated with a titanium mini-implant alone (control) and a titanium mini-implant covered with deproteinized bovine bone-derived matrix (Ti-DBBM) at 4 and 8 weeks by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), back-scattered SEM, and histology assessments. Results The HA/PLGA scaffolds were 2.486 ± 0.082 mm thick with an outer diameter of 4.543 ± 0.057 mm and an inner diameter of 1.089 ± 0.045 mm, and the pore dimensions were 0.48–0.52 mm. There was significantly more mineralized tissue in the Ti-DBBM and Ti-HPS groups than in the control group at both time points. Newly formed bone (NB) was well-integrated with the DBBM and HA/PLGA scaffolds. The framework of the 3DP-HA/PLGA scaffold remained in place, and NB-implant contact (NBIC) was advanced to the middle level in the Ti-HPS group until 8 weeks, whereas dispersion of DBBM with a lower level NBIC was noted in the Ti-DBBM group at both time points. Conclusion The 3DP HA/PLGA scaffold maintains supracrestal space and demonstrates osteoconductivity to facilitate SRA.

Cure of allergy symptoms reported by a patient with the help of non-prescription antiallergic drugs, is one of the important aspects of a responsible self-medication.The aimof the study is to assess the peculiarities of consumers’ behavior as pharmacy visitors, when choosing non-prescription antiallergic drugs, and to identify potential problems of pharmaceutical counseling for allergy symptoms regarding the responsible self-medication.Materials and methods. Sociological survey in the form of a questionnaire; graphoanalytical and comparative analyses.Results. The profile of an over-the-counter antiallergic drugs buyer in the pharmacies of Kazan was assessed in the following way: it is a woman aged 18–44 of a middle level of income, having a family of 3–4 people, ready to spend from 101 to 500 rubles on the purchase of antiallergic drugs, buying anti-allergic drugs not for the first time. The main reasons to seek for treatment were skin rash, redness and itching, which had also been observed in the past. The allergic nature of the disease had already been confirmed by the doctor. For the average consumer of over-the-counter antiallergic drugs, the most important criteria for choosing a medicine were: efficiency, safety, the doctor’s recommendations and price. The medicines were purchased for the visitors themselves or their children. The customers were satisfied with the choice of non-prescription antiallergic medicines available in the pharmacy. The visitors generally trusted the pharmacists’ advice and recognized them as health professionals, but considered that the main goal was not only to provide a pharmaceutical care, but also to profit from the sale of the drugs. The following flaws of pharmaceutical counseling when dispensing non-prescription antiallergic drugs, were identified: an improper diagnosis by a pharmaceutical specialist, the lack of recommendations to consult a doctor, incomplete provision of information on the use, storage, and the possibility of interaction with other drugs and food.Conclusion. Misdiagnosis and incomplete provision of information by pharmaceutical specialists on antiallergic the drugs that are approved for the over-the-counter dispensing, require the implementation of a pharmaceutical consultation algorithm for the visitors contacting a pharmacy with allergy symptoms.

In Dubai, United Arab Emirate (UAE), the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the construction sector have a shortfall of 500,000 skilled employees because of the lack of job satisfaction and top management support, which prompt workers to leave their places of employment. Thus, this study investigated the effect of top management support (TMS) as an organizational factor on the relationship between job satisfaction and the intention to leave among the middle level managers in the construction sector of Dubai, UAE. To test the relationship among the variables, this study adopted a quantitative design and data was collected from 120 middle level managers of SMEs. The Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) technique was adopted in the data analysis. According to the outcome, the relationship between 4 facets of job satisfaction and the intention to leave among the middle level managers of SMEs was established. The study also found statistical support for the moderating effect of TMS on the relationship between 2 facets of job satisfaction and the intention to leave among the middle level managers of SMEs.

This study examines the managerial performance of middle-level managers in Region IX and X covering state colleges and universities that offers agricultural courses. In analyzing the gathered data, percentage, weighted mean, t-test, and chi-square test were utilized. Findings of this research revealed middle-level managers were found very good in their leadership performance, in helping people to function as human beings, providing opportunities for each faculty/staff to grow, seeking to increase college effectiveness, and providing exciting and challenging work. Not enough evidence was established in the relationship between the organizational development values of middle-level managers in terms of helping people to function as human beings and providing opportunities for the faculty and staff to grow and the instructors’ teaching performance.

Pseudarthrosis is a well-recognized complication following multi-level ACDF. We aim to characterize the fusion order and level-specific rates of arthrodesis across four time points following 3-level ACDF. Patients who underwent 3-level ACDF by three UCSF spine surgeons from August 2012 to December 2019 were identified. Fusion status at each level was determined by measuring the interspinous motion on flexion and extension radiographs and assessing for evidence of bridging bone. Measurements were performed post-operatively at 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 18–24 months. A total of 77 patients with 3-level ACDF were identified and included in this study. Specific ACDF levels include C3-C6 (17 patients), C4-C7 (57 patients), and C5-T1 (3 patients). At 6 months, the cranial, middle, and caudal level fusion rates were 17.0%, 34.0%, and 3.8%, respectively. By 24 months, fusion rates were 61.1%, 88.9%, and 27.8% at the cranial, middle, and caudal level, respectively. PEEK cages were associated with lower odds of multi-level arthrodesis. Arthrodesis occurred the quickest at the middle level with an 88.9% fusion rate by 24 months after surgery. The caudal level had the slowest rate of arthrodesis with only a 27.8% fusion rate at 24 months, likely due to increased biomechanical stress at the most caudal level. Allograft was associated with higher odds of multi-level arthrodesis compared to PEEK cages.

Interacting with smartwatches is fairly common when users are moving. Although novel interaction gestures like flick of the wrist are implemented, basic touch gestures such as tapping and swiping still dominate. Using these gestures during a variety of movements could be challenging, and it is still not clear how the interface of smartwatches should tailor to users’ gestures during movements and how the usage of smartwatches influences the pattern of users’ movements. Therefore, this study investigates the interrelationship among users’ interaction gestures, movements, and gait features. An experiment was conducted among 47 participants, who used smartwatches through tapping, swiping, and wrist flicking to complete daily tasks in stand, strolling, normal walking, rushing, and jogging. They were tracked through built-in accelerometer and angle sensors. Four findings were derived from the experiment. First, rushing and jogging significantly decrease the effectiveness and efficiency of tapping. To reduce the tapping deviation, offset models were proposed and tested. Second, there is a C-shaped pattern on the round screen where tapping targets achieves higher accuracy than other areas. Third, the tapping performance could be improved by setting target sizes. Target sizes at 0.7 cm in stand, 1.1 cm in strolling, and 1.1 cm in walking achieve a high level of accuracy (95%), while target sizes at 1.5 cm in rushing and jogging achieve a middle level of accuracy (90%). Finally, tapping, swiping, and wrist flicking when users are moving significantly reduce their gait symmetry and step length. They do not imply significant influence on gait intensity, regularity, and overall stability.

Introduction: The risk of shivering is higher if the duration of surgery is longer, because it will increase the time of exposure to the body with cold temperatures and the accumulation of side effects of spinal anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of surgical duration and shivering event of surgical patients with spinal anesthesia in surgical suite of Nganjuk General Hospital. Methods: The design of this study was correlation with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted on August 13-20 2018, at surgical suite of Nganjuk General Hospital. The population was all surgical patients with spinal anesthesia in the Operating Room of Nganjuk General Hospital during on August 13-20 2018, as many as 27 patients. Samples were taken by total sampling technique and obtained a total sample of 27 respondents. The independent variable was surgical duration and the dependent variable was the shivering event. This research instruments were check list sheet and medical record data. Data was analyzed using Coefficient Contingency test with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed that surgical duration in surgical suite of Nganjuk General Hospital, almost half the duration was in middle level (31-60 minutes) as many as 13 respondents (48.1%). Shivering event in the Operating Room of Nganjuk General Hospital, almost half of them were in grade 3 as many as 12 respondents (44.4%). The results of the Coefficient Contingency test showed p-value of 0.002 ≤ α (0.05). So that it can be concluded that Ha was accepted, meaning that there was a relationship between the surgical duration and shivering event of surgical patients with spinal anesthesia in surgical suite of Nganjuk General Hospital. Conslusions: The longer of surgical duration carried out by respondents in the surgical suite of Nganjuk Hospital, the greater the risk of the respondent experiencing shivering events. Conversely, the of shorter surgical duration undertaken by respondents in the surgical suite of Nganjuk General Hospital, the smaller the risk of the respondent experiencing shivering. Keywords: Surgical Duration, Shivering Event, Surgical Patient, Spinal Anesthesia.

Antecedente. Se considera «eutanasia» al acto de acabar con la vida del paciente a petición expresa de él, para terminar el sufrimiento propio de alguna enfermedad sin perspectiva de cura. Objetivo. Evaluar los conocimientos y la percepción sobre la eutanasia en estudiantes y profesionales de medicina, demostrando los conocimientos y clasificando la percepción sobre la eutanasia. Metodología. Estudio clínico-epidemiológico, observacional, cualitativo-cuantitativo, de corte transversal y con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, en los estudiantes y profesionales de medicina de un hospital en Venezuela. Resultados. La muestra estudiada tuvo una distribución según grado de instrucción: 64.85% de estudiantes, 19.33% de residentes y 15.82% de especialistas. Presentaron un grado de conocimiento medio, distribuido en 84.4% de especialistas, 77.3% de residentes y 80.5% de estudiantes (p 0.051). De acuerdo con los grados de conocimiento y el apoyo a la eutanasia, el 76.18% tiene un grado medio de conocimientos (p 0.0002). Conclusión. Se demostró que existe un grado medio de conocimiento, en particular en la población estudiantil. La eutanasia no fue percibida de manera negativa, demostrando una alta significancia en la atención a las implicaciones éticas que rodean este concepto.

The Pandemic of COVID-19 and social restriction policy (PSBB) in Indonesia caused a lot of impacts, one of them is Tofu Takwa SMEs in Kediri. This condition disrupts production activities up to marketing. Then it takes a risk analysis by looking at the main potential risks that arise while pandemic like this and do manage to get a strategy for their business sustainability. This research aims to analyze and manage the main risks that occur in Tofu Takwa SMEs in Kediri. The results showed that there are 3 risks in a high level like decrease of the income, decrease in production amount and increase the price of raw materials and 1 risk in middle level like late in delivery raw material so that it can be done by financial strategy, resize, search for a new market with social media and cooperate with the local government to help the marketing of social service programs.

Objective . To evaluate the frequency and factors associated with the development of fatigue among students of a medical university. Materials and methods . Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) was used to identify and quantify fatigue. To determine the level of active attention, the electronic number test was used. Assessment of students’ physical activity was carried out according to the degree of energy costs. Capillary blood ammonia levels were evaluated using a Pocket Chem BA PA 4140 handheld analyzer. Results . The median severity of fatigue according to the FAS questionnaire for students of the 5–6 year medical university was 23,0 (21,0–29,0) points. All students were divided into two groups depending on the level of scores on the FAS questionnaire. Pathological fatigue syndrome was identifi ed in 26 (65%) students. In 14 (35%) students, the FAS value was less than 22 points. in men, the level of fatigue corresponded to 21,0 (14,0–29,0) points, in women 23,0 (21,0–29,0) points, without reaching statistical signifi cance (p = 0,321). Among students of the fi rst group (FAS

We report a suicide case of complete decapitation using a self-constructed guillotine. A 45-year-old man, whose body was severely burned, was found dead. The head was completely separated from the middle level of the neck, and a sharp blade with a steel frame was placed between the head and neck. The severance plane passed between the C4 and C5 vertebrae. Vital reactions such as hemorrhage could not be confirmed at the decapitated skin edge because the body was severely burned. Both common carotid arteries were sharply transected. Subendocardial hemorrhage was detected in the left ventricle. Only a little blood, but no soot, was detected in the respiratory tract, including the trachea and bilateral bronchi. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was noted at the edge of the cervical spinal cord. The saturation level of CO-Hb was 5.7% in the left cardiac blood, 5.9% in the right cardiac blood, and 5.8% in the peripheral blood from the femoral vein. Cervical transection was diagnosed as the cause of death. We believe that he was unintentionally burned by spread fire from an automobile after decapitation by a self-constructed guillotine.

В статье рассматривается проблема постановки задач подсистем аудита предпосылки Положений (стандартов) бухгалтерского учета в ИТ СППР как составляющих методики обобщенно-множественного отображения информации. Выделены два типа структурных элементов аудита среднего уровня, инвариантных относительно особенностей предприятия: множество объектов и операций. Это позволило определить структурные элементы информационной модели предметной области: данные, характеризующие множество объектов, и данные, характеризующие множество операций. Сформирована функциональная структура преобразований множеств данных в виде последовательности отображений, подчиненных правилам предпосылки «Полнота». Выделены два типа отображений по их функциональному назначению, первое из которых характеризует преобразование в подсистеме учета множества объектов, второе - характеризует преобразование данных при их передаче между подсистемами. Выделены два типа элементарных подзадач аудита предпосылки. Это позволяет декомпозировать задачу автоматизации проверки предпосылки «Полнота» на задачи проверки эквивалентности двух типов отображений. Нині актуальною науково-технічною проблемою інформаційних технологій у фінансовоекономічній сфері є автоматизація аналізу великих обсягів даних фінансово-економічної інформації підприємств, що зберігаються та надходять у бази даних локальних та глобальних комп’ютерних систем з метою сформулювати рекомендації щодо прийняття рішень під час аудиту. У попередніх роботах автора сформовано методику узагальнено-множинного відображення даних у підсистемі експрес-аудиту передумови «Відповідність витрат та доходів» на середньому рівні. У разі виявлення нееквівалентних підмножин даних система переходить у підсистему аудиту «Повнота». Для реалізації цієї методики при перевірці передумови «Повноти» необхідно представити функціональну структуру перетворень даних середнього рівня у вигляді послідовностей відображень множин та виділити підзадачі. У статті розглядається проблема постановки задач підсистеми аудиту передумов Положення (стандартів) бухгалтерського обліку в ІТ СППР як складових методики узагальненомножинного відображення інформації. Виокремлено два типи структурних елементів аудиту середнього рівня, які є інваріантними щодо характеристик підприємства: множини об’єктів та операцій. Це дозволило визначити структурні елементи інформаційної моделі предметної області: дані, що характеризують множини об’єктів, і дані, що характеризують множини операцій. Визначено два типи зв’язків, між елементами предметної області, що підпадають під дію правил передумови, які формалізуються у вигляді графіків відносин. Перший – між двома множинами паралельно-послідовних операцій, другий – між двома множинами об’єктів, що перетворюються внаслідок множини паралельних операцій. Це дало можливість представити функціональну структуру перетворень наборів даних у вигляді послідовності відображень, що підпорядковуються правилам передумови. Виділено два типи відображень за їх функціональним призначенням. Перший із них характеризує перетворення даних у підсистемі обліку об’єктів. Другий характеризує перетворення даних під час передачі між підсистемами. Виділено два типи елементарних підзадач аудиту передумови. Це дає можливість декомпозувати задачу автоматизації перевірки передумови на задачі перевірки еквівалентності двох типів відображень. Подальші дослідження передбачають розробку методики ідентифікації нееквівалентних множин даних при відображеннях. Це дозволить нам вирішити проблему виявлення невідповідностей цих наборів у відображеннях типу 1: отримана сировина – отримані напівфабрикати, отримані напівфабрикати – вироблена готова продукція; та відображеннях типу 2: випущені напівфабрикати – отримані напівфабрикати, готова продукція випущена – готова продукція капіталізується. Currently, an urgent scientific and technical problem of information technologies in financial and economic sphere consists in the automation of the analysis of large amounts of financial and economic information data of enterprises stored and received online in the database of local and global computer systems in order to formulate recommendations for decision-making during audits. In previous works the author formed a methodology for generalized-multiple data display in the express audit subsystem of the prerequisite “Correspondence of expenses and income” at the middle level. In the case of identifying nonequivalent subsets of data, the system switches (through the decision maker) to the audit subsystem " Completeness". To implement this technique, when checking the prerequisite “Completeness”, it is necessary to present the functional structure of data transformations of the middle level in the form of sequences of mappings of sets and distinguish subtasks. The article considers the problem of setting objectives for audit subsystems of the prerequisites of the Regulations (standards) of accounting at IT DSS as components of the generalized-multiple display of information. Two types of structural elements of mid-level audit that are invariant with respect to the characteristics of the enterprise are distinguished: sets of objects and operations. This allows to determine structural elements of the information model of the subject area: data characterizing sets of objects and data characterizing sets of operations. Two types of relationships between the elements of the subject area which subject to the rules of the prerequisite, formalized in the form of graphs of relationships, are determined. The first one is between two sets of series-parallel operations, the second one is between two sets of objects interconnected by a set of parallel operations. This makes possible to present the functional structure of data sets transformations in the form of a sequence of mappings, subject to the rules of the prerequisite. Two types of mappings according to their functional purpose are distinguished. The first one characterizes the data transformation at the accounting subsystem for objects set. The second one characterizes the data transformation during data transfer between subsystems. The functional features of accounting for the relationships forming the display data are determined. Two types of elementary sub-tasks of the audit of the prerequisite are distinguished. This allows to decompose the task of automating the prerequisite verification into the problems of checking the equivalence of two types of mappings. Further studies suggest the development of techniques for identifying nonequivalent data sets with appropriate mappings. This will allow to solve the problem of identifying inconsistencies in these sets in type 1 mappings: raw materials obtained – semi-finished products obtained, semi-finished products obtained – finished products produced; and in type 2 mappings: semi-finished products released – semi-finished products received, finished products released – finished goods capitalized

The objective of this research work is to determine the relationship between financing and profitability in companies of the industrial sector listed on the Lima Stock Exchange, period 2010 to 2014. The type of correlational study with retrospective non-experimental design. The study population is made up of 25 companies. The descriptive analysis determined that: 1) short-term business financing has greater representation at the middle level (43.95%), 2) long-term financing reaches higher representation at the middle level (44.1%), 3) economic profitability has higher representation at the middle level with (43.77%). 4) Likewise, financial profitability also reaches higher representation at the middle level (44.06%). A relationship was found between short-term business financing and economic profitability (p-value

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between cognitive empathy and leadership performance of the middle level educational managers in a Philippine State University. Methodology: Utilizing the correlation method of research, data collected via the administration of two sets of questionnaires to 59 respondents across campuses were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Findings: Results have revealed variance in profile characteristics of the respondents which did not manifest any significant relationship with cognitive empathy and leadership performance. Furthermore, it was shown that the middle level educational managers exhibited enhanced and effective functioning skills in the different domains of cognitive empathy and have showcased a high level of leadership in all performance parameters. Generally, cognitive empathy showed a positive significant relationship with leadership performance. Application: Findings imply the need to further strengthen weaker areas of cognitive empathy of middle-level managers as it is proven to impact positive variance on leadership. Keywords: Cognitive Empathy, Leadership Performance, Human Resource Development, Higher Education Leaders, Correlation Design, Social Research

Background: In participating in the medical support work in the Nyingchi area of Tibet, the author found that the medical education resources in this area are scarce, and the clinical nurses in this area have relatively insufficient knowledge about blood glucose monitoring and management. Accurately understanding the knowledge-attitude/belief-practice (KAP) level of nurses in Nyingchi area on blood glucose management is of great significance to the development of blood glucose monitoring management guidance for nurses in this area. Therefore, this study investigated the current status of the management of blood glucose monitoring management standards for clinical nurses in Nyingchi, Tibet. Objective: To investigate and analyze the current situation of clinical nurses in Nyingchi region of Tibet to grasp the regulation of blood glucose monitoring and guide the implementation of the norm of blood glucose monitoring for clinical nurses. Methods: The research survey was carried out from March to April 2020. Random sampling method was used to select 134 clinical in-service nurses in Nyingchii, Tibet. The self-designed knowledge-attitude/belief-practice survey questionnaire for clinical nurses’ blood glucose monitoring and management in Tibet was used. Nurses’ blood glucose monitoring management “KAP” scores and related influencing factors are analyzed. Results: Blood sugar monitoring and management knowledge score is (36.78 ± 6.80), attitude dimension is (42.48 ± 6.42), practice dimension is (61.87 ± 10.24) and total score is (304.73 ± 36.24). The nurse’s department and whether to participate in diabetes training are the main influencing factors of the blood glucose monitoring management norms, knowledge and behavior (both P < 0.05). Conclusion: The standard knowledge of blood glucose monitoring and management of clinical nurses in Nyingchi region of Tibet is at the middle level, positive attitude and unsatisfactory behavior. Nursing managers should conduct standardized training for clinical nurses in blood glucose monitoring, develop the training mode of diabetes specialty nursing talents in Nyingchi area, and construct a complete management system of diabetes specialty nursing.

The paper explores the status quo of strategic human resource management and its perceived role to alleviate inefficient management in Uganda public universities. A close-ended questionnaire was administered to top and middle level university managers (n = 101) to establish the status quo of strategic human resource management practices and the perceived role it can play to alleviate inefficient management at Makerere and Kyambogo. The results of the study indicate that strategic human resource management practices are barely practiced in Uganda public universities. The results also reveal that top and middle level managers have a strong conviction that integration of strategic human resource management practices can alleviate inefficient management in Uganda public universities. The paper concludes that due to rapid changes emanating from globalisation, knowledge based economy, technological revolution and reduced funding of higher education from governments, public universities in Uganda need to adopt strategic human resource management to improve their efficiency

We explored the association between the trajectory of the continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMetS) in childhood with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), which are known to increase cardiovascular disease risk in adolescence. The trajectory of cMetS in childhood (from 3 to 12 years of age) was identified in 833 children who participated in the Ewha Birth and Growth Study. The associations between cMetS and hs-CRP and CIMT were analyzed in 204 out of 833 children who participated in the follow-up at 13–15 years of age and measured hs-CRP and CIMT. Among the 833 children, three groups were classified: cMetS maintained at a low level (n = 198, 23.77%), middle level (n = 530, 63.63%), and at high levels (n = 105, 12.61%). The group with a stable-high cMetS trajectory showed significantly higher hs-CRP levels, and the statistical significance was maintained after adjusting for covariates. This study found that a consistently high cMetS in childhood was significantly associated with higher hs-CRP levels in adolescents, suggesting that it is necessary to intervene in metabolic risk factors early in life to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life.

Small-country media markets and industries are affected by globalization and digitalization in different ways than their larger counterparts. They are more vulnerable and reactive toward these external forces, finding it more difficult to compete with imported content and transnational media services while struggling to preserve national audiovisual culture, independent public service media, and media diversity. Lacking resources, unable to achieve economies of scale, mostly limited by cultural specificity and linguistic barriers or dependent on a larger neighbor sharing the same language, their audiovisual export performance remains low even in the era of online distribution. This chapter starts with an overview of key theoretical frameworks for studying smallness and peripherality in media markets and industries. It then moves to discuss questions specific for critical media industry studies, asking how market smallness and peripherality play out on the middle level of hands-on agents, their everyday practices, self-conceptions, and contradictory power relations. The chapter uses East-Central European media markets, with specific attention to Czech independent producers, as a case study to illustrate how practitioners reflect on their experiences of producing for very small audiences through what might be termed small or peripheral market “industry lore.”

This study developed guidelines to support the incorporation of big data analytics into the decision-making process. This study was conducted within the banking sector of South Africa, with participants from three leading South African banking institutions. The conducted research followed the design science research process. A proof of concept was undertaken where the developed guidelines were tested using a test questionnaire. The criteria the guidelines were tested against was that they are supported with evidence; supported with a discussion of the benefits; easy to follow; effects of the guideline will be seen quickly and compatible with existing norms and values in practice. The result was a list of guidelines that received an agreeable response. The guidelines were developed to provide support to banking organizations that have middle level big data maturity. The adoption of the guidelines can assist banking institutions to achieve a high-level of big data maturity.

Coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is a national strategy of China, while the most import aspect among the strategy is transportation integration. By using GF-1, ZY-3 satellite data, this paper produced the latest traffic infrastructure dataset, constructed the evaluation system of transportation superiority degree through the technical indicators such as the distribution of transportation infrastructure, the density of traffic network, the influence degree of traffic trunk line, and the location superiority degree. The results show that the transportation superiority degree in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region presents a “bias normal” distribution characteristic. 14.8% of the county-level administrative units have outstanding transportation advantages, with better economic development. Near 9.4% of the county-level administrative units are at an obvious disadvantage in terms of traffic conditions, and about 75.7% units are at the middle or above the middle level of the evaluation samples. The results could be introduced to the transportation planning and supervision of this region.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the relationship between two business orientations, namely, entrepreneurial orientation and market orientation, and innovativeness taking into account the moderating influence of environmental munificence.Design/methodology/approachThis is a multiple respondent quantitative study. A total of 312 marketing managers middle level and above from 79 firms participated in the survey. Multiple regression and hierarchical multiple regression was the method of choice for data analysis.FindingsFindings indicate that environmental munificence moderates the entrepreneurial orientation – innovativeness relationship. Findings reveal that even though a significant impact of entrepreneurial orientation is not present on innovativeness, this insignificance may be due to environmental munificence. Market orientation has a direct positive impact on innovativeness, and environmental munificence negatively moderates this relationship suggesting that when the environment is less munificent, the market orientation – innovation link becomes stronger.Practical implicationsManagers should be aware that the more munificent an environment becomes, having an entrepreneurial orientation will be more important for innovativeness. In addition, results of this study suggest that being market oriented more strongly impacts a firm’s ability to innovate in non-munificent environments where growth opportunities are undesirable.Originality/valueThis study is unique in that it is a multi-respondent study with respondents from different layers of each participating organization, incorporating the moderating impact of the business environment’s munificence on business orientations–innovativeness relationship.

The aimof the article is to discuss and argue teaching educational data mining for pedagogical stu-dents and to describe the methodical system of educational data mining teaching for students with a middle level of mathematical and IT disciplines, that contributes to the development of student’s research competence. The relevance of the study is determined by the requirements for the ability of higher education graduates to analyze information and perform research using modern methods and technologies that are mentioned in the educational standards and the government order. They are associated with an increasing amount of accumulated data in various fields and the cost of the knowledge extracted from data.Materials and methods.The article describes the author’s methodical system of educational data mining teaching, which was developed rely on: analysis of requirements and expectations to the re-search competence level, data analysis skills and modern education in general; comparison and analysis of the content of educational programs, books and courses on data mining and related dis-ciplines, generalization of pedagogical experience. The main aspects underlying the methodology: a form of flipped learning, a concentric (iterative) content structure, research teaching methods, a set of practical tasks for developing research competencies and Weka software for data mining as the main technical training tool for practical tasks implementation. The effectiveness of the developed methodological system was tested by the educational process monitoring, students questioning and statistical processing of questionnaires data.Results.The study shows the relevance of educational data mining teaching for students of peda-gogical universities, studying in mathematical and informational specialization. The use of the de-scribed methodic system for senior pedagogical students allows increasing the level of research competence of students and significantly developing the competence of data analysis.Conclusion.The described methodical system can used be partially or completely by teachers and methodologists for teaching data analysis at the modern level and development of research compe-tence of students with an average level of knowledge in mathematical and IT disciplines.

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the efficacy of adhesion of C-point obturation system to retreated root canal walls. Materials and Methods: Eighty extracted upper incisors were prepared using Universal ProTaper rotary files then distributed into 2 main groups. Group I: primary treated, Group II: retreated. Each group was further distributed into 4 subgroups depending on the type of the filling material. Subgroup A: were obturated with gutta-percha. Subgroup B: were obturated with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer. Subgroup C: were obturated with C-point. Subgroup D: were obturated with C-point and BC sealer. The push out test was carried using universal testing machine. The sealer penetration inside the dentinal tubules was evaluated using scanning electron microscope . Results: regarding the results of group I and II, at all levels, the highest value of bond strength was recorded in primary treated samples, while the lowest value was recorded with retreated samples and there was no statistical significant difference among the tested groups except for subgroup B at the middle and apical level and subgroup D at the middle level, there was a statistical significant difference among the tested groups. SEM observation of sealer/ dentin interface revealed few traces of sealer penetration with samples retreated with C-point and BC sealer. Conclusion: C-point/BC sealer had the highest push out bond strength to intraradicular dentin in primarily treated group compared to gutta-percha/AH plus. However gutta-percha had the highest push out bond strength to interradicular dentin in retreated group compared to C-point/ BC sealer.

There are known the biologic or bionic models of contrasting neuronet on the basis of the Mach's optic strips, or the optical end effect, where of folding signals go through the process of illumination of the image. It is discovered, that the specific physical model of neuronet is given a demonstration of contrast as the line filter process. This is a many functional process contrast of the image or the signal а for other systems with its own assignment. That will be explained in more detail to the signaling contrast of in the different applications of nature, in science and technology. The systemic analysis of the neuronet and processes in the space frequency range, or in the usual frequency do the main of the permissive details, especially the process of viewing the contour image, the indicators of aptitude and parametric. Review of the neuronet structure and the neurons linkages “on” or “of” in admittance of adaptation system to the middle level of image and economics of the process. In addition, the structure of the neural network contrasting shows that the retina has a direct connection with the brain and memory. It can perform image processing similar to that of the Duhamel integral. Moreover, having in mind a large set of weight functions as impulse characteristics, you can get the desired output image. Such a neural system is adaptive for different purposes, or criteria’s. It can replace the entire set of required systems. To do this, it is enough to quickly change them in time impulse response and the purpose of the system. The neuronet and process contrast modeling permit to the extension the line filtration range of the images.

Introduction: Medial Longitudinal Arch (MLA) is important for the foot, since it provides necessary shock absorption during movement. Its estimation can be done by various techniques, viz navicular height method, footprint, radiography. On the footprint various indexes have been suggested by researchers. The study aims to correlate the values of medial longitudinal arch by using standing navicular height method, Clark’s angle and chosen morphological characteristics (mid-footprint planter angle; MFPA) in medical and health science students of Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University. Materials and Methods: Non-randomized study was conducted in the department of Anatomy in SBKSMI&RC on 50 students of medical & health science at Sumandeep Vidyapeeth after prior approval. Three different methods were used for measuring MLA, navicular height method, Clark’s angle (using footprint) and MFPA (using footprint an angle formed by joining the medial most point anteriorly with the point of maximum concavity on the medial side of the foot while posteriorly due to calcaneus bone forming a triangle with this angle). Results: Middle level negative correlation (-0.531 & -0.500) between MFPA and Clark’s angle for right & left foot with statistical significance of Conclusion: The new technique (MFPA) of estimating MLA using footprint is significant and strongly correlated with other methods, thus can be considered efficient method for estimation of arch in OPD on day to day basis. Keywords: Medial longitudinal arch, Navicular height method, Footprint, Clark’s angle.

Utilizing technology to connect three geographically separate institutions within the same state and drawing on Bhabba, and Zeichner’s notions of third space, four teacher educators developed an op...

In this paper a comparative modal analysis with FEM approach of two portals of type "H" and "X" portal cranes is described. These two types of carrying structures have the same main geometric dimensions. They differ only at the medium level in the horizontal plane. The first type of portal on the middle level has a type "H" frame, while the second type of portal on the middle level has a type "X" frame. The paper compares the corresponding modal parameters of two types of portals obtained during their comparative modal analysis. An first estimation has been done for which of the two types of portals is considered to have a more favourable dynamic stability for overturn.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the new era, the society has put forward new requirements for the development of colleges and universities. The middle-level cadres in Colleges and universities are the promoters, supporters and executors of the development of colleges and universities. The management ability of middle-level cadres in Colleges and universities will greatly affect the development direction of colleges and universities. For this reason, this paper mainly studies sparse learning, low rank constraint and subspace learning. Aiming at some shortcomings of existing data mining algorithms, this paper proposes innovative multiple output regression algorithm and subspace clustering algorithm to mine high-dimensional data more effectively. Meanwhile, based on the objective situation of Party education and training, this paper mainly discusses the concept of “Internet plus” and analyzes the shortcomings of Party school cadre education and training. This article discusses the strategy of improving the quality and effectiveness of Party school cadre education and training under the background of “Internet plus”. Taking Internet technology as the stimulating factor, it has been attempted to maximize the effectiveness of Party school cadre education and training.

Expectation and experience about local food and drink, is an important factor affecting destination brand perception. The positive effects about the destination also affect the intention to visit again and contribute to the image of the destination about the culinary culture. The aim of this research is to investigate how much the local dishes in the menus of the hotels reflect the region. For this purpose, it was determined that the local food and beverages were included in the menus of the accommodation establishments in that destination, and the status of being requested by the customers. Mardin, which has hosted many civilizations with its culture and history, has been chosen as the study area because it is so rich in culinary culture. The sample of the study was interviewed with the top and middle level managers and kitchen staff of 3-, 4- and 5-star hotels in Mardin with a semi-structured interview form. As a result of the researches, it is seen that they contain some of the local foods and beverages in the menus of the hotels. However, due to the troublesome and lengthy making of some local dishes, they are prepared only for special events such as banquet organization where pre-consumption is certain. Although the businesses included in the research include local dishes in their menus, it has been determined that they do not make enough efforts to promote and brand these dishes.

Objective: to investigate the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP(Knowledge-Attitude-Practice) model on Linzhi, Tibet, and to discuss and analyse the influence factors. Methods: using a self-design questionnaire a questionnaire about the current situation of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses under KAP model on Linzhi, Tibet to investigate 268 clinical nurses in Linzhi, Tibet, who were chosen through random sampling method, in order to analyse the ‘KAP’ scoring and the influencing factors. Results: The scoring of ‘Knowledge’ is (65.642±10.313), the scoring of ‘Attitude’ is (55.478±8.099), the scoring of ‘Practice’ is (42.493±6.647), the total scoring is (163.612±19.292). The related influence factors, including hospital, department, academic credentials, professional qualifications and whether receiving diabetes specialized training, have statistical significance (P value?0.5). Conclusion: The KAP of insulin injection provided by clinical nurses in Linzhi, Tibet is on middle level. For nursing managers, it is strongly advised that a normative.

Introduction Institutional delivery has been considered as one of the important strategies to improve maternal and child health and significantly reduces birth-related complications. However, it is still low in developing countries though there are some improvements. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of institutional delivery and associated factors in the study area. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. A multistage systematic sampling technique was used to select 1,394 study participants. We collected data from 18–48 years old women by using a structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors at 95% confidence level. Results The mean age of respondents was 30 (±0.15). The wealth status of 33.48% respondents was poor and 33.33% rich. The prevalence of institutional delivery was 58.17% (95% CI: 55.57%, 60.77%). Multivariable logistic regression showed that demographic factors: women age (≥35years) (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.04, 1.96), having a family size of less than five (AOR = 4.61; 95% CI 3.34, 6.34), having family discussion (AOR = 4.05; 95% CI 2.74, 5.97), distance from the nearby clinic (≤30min) (AOR = 2.92; 95% CI 1.53, 5.58) and decision power about place of delivery (AOR = 2.50; 95% CI 1.56, 4.01); socio-economic factors: husband’s educational status of primary school (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.19, 2.24), middle level household wealth index (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.25, 2.54) and rich level household wealth index (AOR = 2.01; 95% CI 1.42, 2.86); and programmatic factors: antenatal care visit during their recent pregnancy (AOR = 1.86;95% CI 1.16, 2.97) were affects institutional delivery positively. Whereas bad behavior of health workers (AOR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.19, 0.39) negatively affects institutional delivery. Conclusion Institutional delivery was low in the study area. This study implies that strengthening family discussion and up taking antenatal care services in regular ways are a few of the suggested recommendations.

The article considers innovative processes taking place in modern socio-economic conditions in the system of higher and secondary professional education in the Russian Federation. The study points out negative factors that prevent the formation of innovative processes in the economy. They identify innovative ways of development in the system of higher and secondary professional schools and essential differences in the definition of significant trends of development. The study has defined a socially-oriented model as the most progressive model of innovative development of higher education institutions. It is the social-oriented model that allows us integrating scientific-research and professional-oriented assets creating an innovative environment in higher education. Other processes are typical for secondary vocational education, the main purpose of which is defined as providing the middle level of the Russian economy with highly skilled workers and specialists. The study has revealed that there are approach processes of the secondary vocational education system with production. Business structures are taking more active part in the organization of the educational process every year. In recent years, interregional centers of competence and vocational training centers have been created on the basis of professional educational organizations mean by innovative frameworks Keywords: innovation, higher education, secondary vocational education, educational institutions

This work proposes a novel general framework, in the context of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), to construct explanations for the behaviour of Machine Learning (ML) models in terms of middle-level features which represent perceptually salient input parts. One can isolate two different ways to provide explanations in the context of XAI: low and middle-level explanations. Middle-level explanations have been introduced for alleviating some deficiencies of low-level explanations such as, in the context of image classification, the fact that human users are left with a significant interpretive burden: starting from low-level explanations, one has to identify properties of the overall input that are perceptually salient for the human visual system. However, a general approach to correctly evaluate the elements of middle-level explanations with respect ML model responses has never been proposed in the literature. We experimentally evaluate the proposed approach to explain the decisions made by an Imagenet pre-trained VGG16 model on STL-10 images and by a customised model trained on the JAFFE dataset, using two different computational definitions of middle-level features and compare it with two different XAI middle-level methods. The results show that our approach can be used successfully in different computational definitions of middle-level explanations.

Tutkimme artikkelissamme sitä, miten ajattelun taidon tasot ilmenevät maantieteen ylioppilaskokeen taloudellista kestävää kehitystä käsittelevissä kysymyksissä sekä esseevastauksissa. Kestävään kehitykseen liittyvät ylioppilaskoekysymykset ovat usein vaativia, koska ne ovat tietoa laajasti soveltavia ja niissä yhdistetään useiden maantieteen kurssien ja muiden oppi-aineiden sisältöjä. Luokittelimme kahden ylioppilaskoekysymyksen tehtävänannot ja niissä vaadittavat ajattelun taidon tasot Bloomin taksonomian mukaan ja vastaukset SOLO-taksonomian mukaan. Tehtävänannot edellyttivät pääasiassa ymmärtämistä, soveltamista, analysointia ja arvioimista. Keskimäärin vastausten ajattelun taidon tasot jäivät tehtävänantojen vaatimuksista noin puoliväliin. Harvat parhaista ylsivät vaaditulle tasolle vastauksissaan. Sisällönanalyysin perusteella opiskelijat hallitsivat hyvin reiluun kauppaan ja luonnonvarojen kestämättömään käyttöön liittyviä sisältöjä, mutta osasivat heikosti taloudellisen kestävän kehityksen perimmäisen ajatuksen. Vastauksista puuttui myös pohdintaa tulojen epätasaisesta jakautumisesta lähde- ja kohdemaan välillä. Tulosten perusteella suosittelemme lukion maantieteen opettajia keskittymään entistä enemmän sen varmistamiseen, että opiskelijat ymmärtävät teemojen syvemmän luonteen ja problematiikan. Vastaustekniikkaa, esseevastausten jäsentelyä ja syy-seuraussuhteiden perustelemista tulisi harjoitella entistä enemmän. Geography matriculation examination and levels of thinking skills in questions and answers on economic sustainability Abstract In this study, we have researched how the complexity in students’ understanding can be seen in the Finnish matriculation examination at the end of upper secondary school. We concentrated on exam questions related to economic sustainable development because it is the common subject in several disciplines taught in the Finnish upper secondary school. In addition, economic sustainable development as a study content demands complex understanding. We analyzed two matriculation examination questions according to Bloom’s taxonomy. Similarly, we analyzed the essay answers according to the SOLO taxonomy. Those questions required comprehension, application, analysis, and evaluation. On average, students’ essay answers reached the middle level. Only rarely students reached the highest levels of complexity in understanding. According to the content analysis, students knew well the contents of the fair trade and the unsustainable use of natural resources. However, they did not manage so well the core idea of the economic sustainable development. Moreover, students did not know so well the unequal distribution of incomes between the source and destination countries. We suggest that teachers in the upper secondary school should secure that students have adopted the core of the economic sustainable development. Teachers should also emphasize answering techniques, structuring essay answers, and reasoning causal relationships. These will enhance the complexity in understanding seen in the students’ essay answers. Keywords: Bloom’s taxonomy, upper secondary school, student assessment, SOLO taxonomy, economic sustainable development, matriculation examination

Objective Endodontically treated teeth may require posts for retaining the core and replacing the coronal structures that have been lost. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the push-out bond strength between different types of post cemented with different types of luting cement at different types of root level. Materials and Methods In this in-vitro study, a total of 48 single-rooted permanent human teeth were decoronated, and the roots were treated endodontically. Following post space preparation, the sample was divided into four groups (n= 12 each) based on the types of post and cement. Two different types of post [GC everStick®POST (ES) and Parapost® Fiber LuxTM (PF)], and two different types of cement [G-CEMTM (G), and RelyXTM Unicem (R)] were used according to the manufacturer's instructions. All roots were sectioned at the coronal and middle thirds with a thickness of 3±0.1mm. The Push-out bond strength (PBS) test was performed using a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/ min. The bond strength values were recorded, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Apart from descriptive statistics, three-way ANOVA was used for the interaction of the independent variables (post, cement, and root level). For differences between the groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant for all analyses. Results Push-out bond strength of samples at the middle level (11.38±10.31 MPa), with PF posts (11.18±9.98 MPa), and of those luted with RelyXTM Unicem cement (13.26±8.73 MPa) was higher than that of their counterparts. The PBS means of RelyXTM Unicem cement at both root levels were much higher than PBS means of G-CEMTM cement. Three-way ANOVA test revealed a significant effect for each variable with a higher effect of cement (Sum of Squares= 1310.690; P< 0.001). No significant difference (P= 0.153) was found between the coronal and middle parts and between ES and PF posts (P= 0.058). However, a highly significant difference (P< 0.001) was found between RelyXTM Unicem and G-CEMTM cements. Conclusion The type of cement had a significant effect on push-out bond strength with RelyXTM Unicem which had higher values than G-CEMTM. However, the type of post and root level had no significant effect on PBS, although Parapost® Fiber LuxTM and middle root level had higher values than their counterparts.

This article provides an overview of local pressure coefficients (Cp) on conventional and unconventional tall buildings with the application of CFD. Various modifications in architectural shapes on tall buildings eventually lead to a reduction in the wind load on building surfaces. The surface pressure on conventional (Square and rectangular) buildings is relatively different in comparison to unconventional tall buildings. This study is to assess the surface pressure coefficient over rectangular, taper and setback buildings. The assessed results show that the taper building has 7% Cp rise at ground level (y/H = 0.225) in the windward face, and 34% Cp fall at the middle level (y/H = 0.475) in the side face when compared with the rectangular building. Whereas for the setback building, Cp at ground level near setback (y/H = 0.225) has reduced to about 25% and about 6% at the middle level (y/H = 0.475) in windward than that in the rectangle building. Also, the side faces of the setback showed a 15% drop in Cp than other buildings. In leeward face, Cp is reduced to 56% near setback at the top of the building (y/H = 0.725). This assessment of the Cp on these buildings shows that the effect of setbacks on building reduces the pressure variation on all faces and the downstream wake vortices.

This paper addresses the multistage or dynamic investment decision-making problem arising in a distribution system within a transactive energy environment. Under such a framework, three agents are involved, namely the distribution company (DISCO), the owner of distributed generation (DG) units (DGENCO), and the independent distribution system operator (IDSO). Here, we propose characterizing this planning problem as an instance of trilevel programming. In the upper level, the DISCO identifies the optimal investment plan in network assets and the best potential locations for DG in order to supply the customer demand at maximum profit. In the middle level, the DGENCO determines the best location, sizing, and timing for DG installation so that the corresponding profit is maximized. Finally, in the lower level, the IDSO is responsible for the optimal operation of the expanded distribution system. The resulting mixed-integer trilevel program is solved by a novel approach relying on Benders decomposition. The performance of the proposed approach has been illustrated with a case study based on a 37-node test system.

To investigate the root canal morphology of mesiobuccal (MB) roots in maxillary first molars, and to assess the presence of a second mesiobuccal canal (MB2) according to the location of the main MB canal. A total of 72 extracted permanent maxillary first molars were collected from dental clinics and were scanned with micro-CT and reconstructed three-dimensionally. The root canal systems were recorded according to Vertucci’s classification, and the occurrence of accessory canals was also recorded. The root canal dimensions were measured at the coronal (furcation plane), middle, and apical root levels. The long (D) and short (d) diameters as well as the palatal (P) and buccal (B) distances from the center of the first mesiobuccal canal (MB1) to the root surface were measured, and the ratios of D/d and P/B were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of using the ratio of P/B for predicting the presence of an MB2 canal. The best cut-off point was determined according to the sensitivity and specificity. The MB roots most frequently had a type 2-2 root canal with an incidence of 37.5% (27/72), followed by the type 1-1 (23.6%, 17/72) and type 2-1 (16.7%, 12/72) canal forms. Type 1-2 canals were detected only in 5 molars (6.9%), and type 2-1-2 canals were detected in 6 molars (8.3%). The other 5 cases included 1 case of type 1-2-1 canal and 4 cases of triple canals. MB2 canals were detected in 76.4% (55/72) of the total sample teeth. The incidence of accessory canals was 56.9% (41/72). The mean ratio of D/d was generally “greatest to least”: coronal level > middle level > apical level for different root levels and MB single > MB1 > MB2 for different canals, which reflected a trend from a flat to a circular cross-sectional shape. ROC curve analysis showed that at the coronal and middle root levels, areas under the ROC curve (AUC) were greater than 0.99 (P

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is becoming very common throughout society. Therefore, it is a must to protect information assets. In addition to the technological aspect, research continues to confirm the need to enhance security awareness among employees. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that may impact users’ practice and awareness both in the workplace. Specifically, factors such as policy, behavior, training, knowledge of IT and education were tested. In addition, the second objective of this study is to investigate the information security awareness and practice level among the employees. To achieve the study objectives, a quantitative methodology was applied; specifically a survey instrument was developed to measure if each of the key factors has a significant association within the security awareness and practice in the workplace. 202 usable surveys were collected from higher education employees and analyzed using Bivariate/Pearson Correlation to determine the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The findings of the study revealed that there was a positive correlation between policy, behavior, training, knowledge of IT and education with security awareness and practice These results indicated that security awareness and practice level of employees' in the workplace at the middle level. It is hoped that the present study provides an initial step to focus on security training sessions among higher education employees to reflect new knowledge on the importance of security training to increase the knowledge of information security.

Reverse engineering may be helpful for extracting information from existing apps to understand them better and ease their maintenance. Reverse engineering may be performed by a static analysis of the apps’ code but, when the code is not available, a dynamic approach may be useful. This paper presents a tool that allows extracting dynamically, in a complete black-box approach, the explored activities of Android applications. It is an extension of iMPAcT testing tool that combines reverse engineering, dynamic exploration, and testing. The extracted information is later used to construct an HFSM (Hierarchical Finite State Machine) with three distinct levels of abstraction. The top-level shows the interactions needed to traverse the activities of the mobile application. The middle level shows the screens traversed while in a specific activity. The bottom level shows all screens traversed during exploration. This information helps to understand better the application which facilitates its maintenance and errors fixing. This paper provides a complete description of the tool, its architecture and the results of some case studies conducted on mobile apps publicly available on the Google Store.