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Background. This study investigated the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on clinical indices and salivary levels of visfatin, chemerin, and progranulin in diabetic patients with periodontitis. Methods. This interventional clinical trial was performed on 20 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis (periodontitis stages II or III according to the new classification of periodontal diseases). Clinical indices, including gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and plaque index (PI), were recorded and visfatin, chemerin, and progranulin adipokines levels were also measured in unstimulated saliva by ELISA technique at baseline and twelve weeks after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Results. GI dropped from 1.92±0.27 to 0.71±0.14 after the intervention (P

Introduction Halitosis as a common dental problem results in psychological social problems and relates to many factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of halitosis and its associated factors among students aged from 14 to 18 years in Kermanshah in 2015. Materials and methods The study was conducted in high school students of Kermanshah city in 2015. The questionnaire including questions about bad breath and other associated factors (demographic information, background diseases, oral and dental problems, decay-missing-filled (DMF) index, etc.) was completed by students or determined by the examiner. Organoleptic evaluation was conducted. Prevalence of organoleptic and self-reported halitosis and related factors was reported. The relationship between malodor and variables was evaluated and the most important factor was determined by multiple logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic agreement between self-perception and organoleptic halitosis was assessed using Kappa coefficient as well. Results The prevalence of halitosis in the organoleptic evaluation was 29.75% and higher in boys (32.6% male vs. 25.2% female) and 27.47% in self-perception (32.9% male vs. 19% female). The diagnostic agreement between organoleptic and self-perception halitosis was moderate or poor. Among the studied factors, the most important factor related to the organoleptic evaluation of halitosis was DMF≥4 (P

This article includes data from the research article entitled “The most painful site of maxillary anterior infiltrations“ (Sharifi et al., 2016) [1]. This article presents data of a study regarding pain from infiltration injection in the anterior region of maxilla in 3 locations in the buccal mucosa: the central and lateral incisors’ region as well as the canine region. Pain measurements were performed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at the time of needle insertion, as well as during injection of the anesthetic agent at 5, 30 and 55 s. The injectable agent included 1.8 ml lidocaine 2% with 1:80000 epinephrine.

treatment. Evidence Acquisition: A web-based search in PubMed and Google Scholar was performed to identify publications regarding the effects of smoking on various aspects of the periodontal disease process and to find an explanation for the possible association between smoking and the progression of periodontitis. We evaluated the articles published in English language between 1990 and 2013 with the search terms ‘‘periodontal health and smoking’’, ‘‘periodontal treatment and smoking’’, and ‘‘tobacco smokers and oral hygiene’’. Results: Of the total yield of 145 identified publications, 72 were selected for this literature review. The results of the selected papers reflect the effect of smoking on oral hygiene, gingival inflammation and vasculature, gingival crevicular fluid, subgingival microflora in periodontitis, fibroblast function, genetic polymorphism, initiation and progression of periodontal disease and its effect on passive smokers, and host response to periodontal treatment. Conclusions: Smoking is a significant risk factor for impaired periodontal health and treatment.