Author: "Ort A" / Topic: business - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

316 results on '"Ort A"'

1. 18F-FET-PET-guided gross total resection improves overall survival in patients with WHO grade III/IV glioma: moving towards a multimodal imaging-guided resection

Author: Christian Blume, Philipp Lohmann, Hussam A. Hamou, Georg Neuloh, Karl-Josef Langen, Dieter Henrik Heiland, Felix M. Mottaghy, Karlijn Hakvoort, Julius M Kernbach, Daniel Delev, Hans Clusmann, Norbert Galldiks, and Jonas Ort
Subjects: Multimodal imaging, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, FET-PET, business.industry, Neurosurgery, Glioma, medicine.disease, Gross Total Resection, Surgical planning, Resection, Neurology, Oncology, Clinical Study, medicine, Extent of resection, In patient, ddc:610, Neurology (clinical), Radiology, business, Survival analysis
Abstract: Journal of neuro-oncology 155(1), 71-80 (2021). doi:10.1007/s11060-021-03844-1, Published by Springer Science + Business Media B.V, Dordrecht [u.a.]
Published: 2021
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2. Perspectives on improving light distribution and light use efficiency in crop canopies

Author: Donald R. Ort and Rebecca A. Slattery
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, Light, Physiology, Yield (finance), Plant Science, Agricultural engineering, Photosynthesis, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Founders Review, Genetics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Crop yield, Yield gap, Crop Production, Plant Leaves, Agriculture, Environmental science, Photosynthetic bacteria, Monoculture, Interception, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Plant stands in nature differ markedly from most seen in modern agriculture. In a dense mixed stand, plants must vie for resources, including light, for greater survival and fitness. Competitive advantages over surrounding plants improve fitness of the individual, thus maintaining the competitive traits in the gene pool. In contrast, monoculture crop production strives to increase output at the stand level and thus benefits from cooperation to increase yield of the community. In choosing plants with higher yields to propagate and grow for food, humans may have inadvertently selected the best competitors rather than the best cooperators. Here, we discuss how this selection for competitiveness has led to overinvestment in characteristics that increase light interception and, consequently, sub-optimal light use efficiency in crop fields that constrains yield improvement. Decades of crop canopy modeling research have provided potential strategies for improving light distribution in crop canopies, and we review the current progress of these strategies, including balancing light distribution through reducing pigment concentration. Based on recent research revealing red-shifted photosynthetic pigments in algae and photosynthetic bacteria, we also discuss potential strategies for optimizing light interception and use through introducing alternative pigment types in crops. These strategies for improving light distribution and expanding the wavelengths of light beyond those traditionally defined for photosynthesis in plant canopies may have large implications for improving crop yield and closing the yield gap.
Published: 2020
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3. Towards a multiscale crop modelling framework for climate change adaptation assessment

Author: Frank Ewert, Joshua Elliott, Hyungsuk Kimm, Robert F. Grant, Graeme Hammer, Carl J. Bernacchi, C. Eduardo Vallejos, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Mark E. Cooper, Wang Zhou, Xinyou Yin, Bin Peng, Kaiyu Guan, Senthold Asseng, Alex Wu, Danica Lombardozzi, Evan H. DeLucia, Jinyun Tang, David M. Lawrence, James W. Jones, Amy Marshall-Colon, Carlos D. Messina, Yan Li, Zhenong Jin, David I. Gustafson, James C. Schnable, and Donald R. Ort
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Crop Physiology, Process (engineering), Computer science, Acclimatization, Climate Change, Climate change, Plant Science, Models, Biological, 01 natural sciences, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, Life Science, Predictability, 2. Zero hunger, 9. Industry and infrastructure, business.industry, Agricultural ecosystems, Environmental resource management, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Identification (information), 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Climate change adaptation, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Predicting the consequences of manipulating genotype (G) and agronomic management (M) on agricultural ecosystem performances under future environmental (E) conditions remains a challenge. Crop modelling has the potential to enable society to assess the efficacy of G × M technologies to mitigate and adapt crop production systems to climate change. Despite recent achievements, dedicated research to develop and improve modelling capabilities from gene to global scales is needed to provide guidance on designing G × M adaptation strategies with full consideration of their impacts on both crop productivity and ecosystem sustainability under varying climatic conditions. Opportunities to advance the multiscale crop modelling framework include representing crop genetic traits, interfacing crop models with large-scale models, improving the representation of physiological responses to climate change and management practices, closing data gaps and harnessing multisource data to improve model predictability and enable identification of emergent relationships. A fundamental challenge in multiscale prediction is the balance between process details required to assess the intervention and predictability of the system at the scales feasible to measure the impact. An advanced multiscale crop modelling framework will enable a gene-to-farm design of resilient and sustainable crop production systems under a changing climate at regional-to-global scales.
Published: 2020
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4. MapLite: Autonomous Intersection Navigation Without a Detailed Prior Map

Author: Teddy Ort, Rohan Banerjee, Igor Gilitschenski, Dhaivat Bhatt, Sai Krishna Gottipati, Liam Paull, Krishna Murthy, Daniela Rus, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Control and Optimization, Computer science, business.industry, Autonomous Navigation System, Mechanical Engineering, Real-time computing, Biomedical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Vehicle frame, Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, Path (graph theory), Global Positioning System, Point (geometry), Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, business, Intelligent transportation system, Intersection (aeronautics), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: In this work, we present MapLite: a one-click autonomous navigation system capable of piloting a vehicle to an arbitrary desired destination point given only a sparse publicly available topometric map (from OpenStreetMap). The onboard sensors are used to segment the road region and register the topometric map in order to fuse the high-level navigation goals with a variational path planner in the vehicle frame. This enables the system to plan trajectories that correctly navigate road intersections without the use of an external localization system such as GPS or a detailed prior map. Since the topometric maps already exist for the vast majority of roads, this solution greatly increases the geographical scope for autonomous mobility solutions. We implement MapLite on a full-scale autonomous vehicle and exhaustively test it on over 15 km of road including over 100 autonomous intersection traversals. We further extend these results through simulated testing to validate the system on complex road junction topologies such as traffic circles.
Published: 2020
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5. Foundations of Time Series Analysis

Author: Karlijn Hakvoort, Julius M Kernbach, Georg Neuloh, Daniel Delev, Hans Clusmann, and Jonas Ort
Subjects: business.industry, Deep learning, Exponential smoothing, Nonparametric statistics, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Pattern detection, Autoregressive model, Moving average, Medicine, Artificial intelligence, Autoregressive integrated moving average, Time series, business, computer
Abstract: For almost a century, classical statistical methods including exponential smoothing and autoregression integrated moving averages (ARIMA) have been predominant in the analysis of time series (TS) and in the pursuit of forecasting future events from historical data. TS are chronological sequences of observations, and TS data are therefore prevalent in many aspects of clinical medicine and academic neuroscience. With the rise of highly complex and nonlinear datasets, machine learning (ML) methods have become increasingly popular for prediction or pattern detection and within neurosciences, including neurosurgery. ML methods regularly outperform classical methods and have been successfully applied to, inter alia, predict physiological responses in intracranial pressure monitoring or to identify seizures in EEGs. Implementing nonparametric methods for TS analysis in clinical practice can benefit clinical decision making and sharpen our diagnostic armory.
Published: 2021
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6. Dimensionality Reduction: Foundations and Applications in Clinical Neuroscience

Author: Karlijn Hakvoort, Hans Clusmann, Julius M Kernbach, Daniel Delev, Jonas Ort, and Georg Neuloh
Subjects: education.field_of_study, Human Connectome Project, business.industry, Generalization, Scale (chemistry), Dimensionality reduction, Population, Overfitting, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Neuroimaging, Principal component analysis, Medicine, Artificial intelligence, business, education, computer
Abstract: Advancements in population neuroscience are spurred by the availability of large scale, open datasets, such as the Human Connectome Project or recently introduced UK Biobank. With the increasing data availability, analyses of brain imaging data employ more and more sophisticated machine learning algorithms. However, all machine learning algorithms must balance generalization and complexity. As the detail of neuroimaging data leads to high-dimensional data spaces, model complexity and hence the chance of overfitting increases. Different methodological approaches can be applied to alleviate the problems that arise in high-dimensional settings by reducing the original information into meaningful and concise features. One popular approach is dimensionality reduction, which allows to summarize high-dimensional data into low-dimensional representations while retaining relevant trends and patterns. In this paper, principal component analysis (PCA) is discussed as widely used dimensionality reduction method based on current examples of population-based neuroimaging analyses.
Published: 2021
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7. Introduction to Machine Learning in Neuroimaging

Author: Karlijn Hakvoort, Daniel Delev, Georg Neuloh, Julius M Kernbach, Hans Clusmann, and Jonas Ort
Subjects: business.industry, Cognitive neuroscience, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Field (computer science), ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Neuroimaging, Radiomics, Encoding (memory), Medicine, Artificial intelligence, Cluster analysis, business, computer, Decoding methods
Abstract: Advancements in neuroimaging and the availability of large-scale datasets enable the use of more sophisticated machine learning algorithms. In this chapter, we non-exhaustively discuss relevant analytical steps for the analysis of neuroimaging data using machine learning (ML), while the field of radiomics will be addressed separately (c.f., Chap. 18 -Radiomics). Broadly classified into supervised and unsupervised approaches, we discuss the encoding/decoding framework, which is often applied in cognitive neuroscience, and the use of ML for the analysis of unlabeled data using clustering.
Published: 2021
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8. The Artificial Intelligence Doctor: Considerations for the Clinical Implementation of Ethical AI

Author: Daniel Delev, Karlijn Hakvoort, Jonas Ort, Georg Neuloh, Hans Clusmann, and Julius M Kernbach
Subjects: Modern medicine, business.industry, Liability, Equity (finance), Medicine, Legislation, Engineering ethics, Applications of artificial intelligence, business, Transparency (behavior)
Abstract: The applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in modern medicine are growing exponentially, and new developments are fast-paced. However, the lack of trust and appropriate legislation hinder its clinical implementation. Recently, there is a clear increase of directives and considerations on Ethical AI. However, most literature broadly deals with ethical tensions on a meta-level without offering hands-on advice in practice. In this article, we non-exhaustively cover basic practical guidelines regarding AI-specific ethical aspects, including transparency and explicability, equity and mitigation of biases, and lastly, liability.
Published: 2021
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9. First‐in‐human study with ACT‐539313, a novel selective orexin‐1 receptor antagonist

Author: Jasper Dingemanse, Marion Ort, Priska Kaufmann, Rüdiger Kornberger, and Georg Golor
Subjects: Male, Sedation, Cmax, Administration, Oral, Pharmacology, Placebo, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Double-Blind Method, Pharmacokinetics, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, Orexins, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Original Articles, Healthy Volunteers, Orexin, Tolerability, Area Under Curve, Pharmacodynamics, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: AIMS: The orexin system is involved in anxiety behaviour and corresponding physiological reactions and constitutes a target for treatment of anxiety disorders. ACT‐539313 is a potent, selective orexin‐1 receptor antagonist being developed for the treatment of anxiety disorders. This first‐in‐human study investigated its single‐dose pharmacokinetics (PK) including food effect, pharmacodynamics (PD), safety and tolerability. METHODS: This double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized study included 40 healthy male subjects. Ascending oral doses of 10–400 mg ACT‐539313 were investigated in 5 dose groups of 8 subjects (of whom 2 received placebo per dose group). At 100 mg, subjects received ACT‐539313 in fasted and fed conditions in a fixed sequential design. PK, PD (objective and subjective measures of sedation and effects on central nervous system), safety and tolerability were assessed. RESULTS: In fasted conditions, ACT‐539313 was rapidly absorbed (median time to maximum plasma concentration [C(max)] 0.7–3.5 h) and cleared from plasma with a mean terminal half‐life of 3.3–5.7 h across dose levels. A 1.63‐fold (90% confidence interval: 1.26–2.11) increase in C(max) and no change in area under the concentration–time curve extrapolated to infinity was observed under fed compared to fasted conditions. No relevant PD signals were detected except for a trend of reduced saccadic peak velocity around time to C(max). The most commonly reported adverse events were somnolence and headache. All adverse events were transient and of mild or moderate intensity. No treatment‐related effects on vital signs, clinical laboratory or 12‐lead electrocardiogram were observed. CONCLUSIONS: ACT‐539313 exhibits good safety and tolerability at single doses of up to and including 400 mg that warrant further investigations.
Published: 2020
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10. A wish list for synthetic biology in photosynthesis research

Author: Susanne von Caemmerer, Donald R. Ort, Martin A. J. Parry, and Xin-Guang Zhu
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, China, Engineering, Physiology, Emerging technologies, Research areas, Plant Science, Photosynthesis, Natural variation, carboxysome, 01 natural sciences, Artificial photosynthesis, 03 medical and health sciences, Synthetic biology, Opinion Paper, natural variation, photosynthesis, AcademicSubjects/SCI01210, business.industry, C4 engineering, Data science, 030104 developmental biology, Synthetic Biology, fluorescence marker proteins, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: To expedite advances in synthetic biology in photosynthesis research, new technologies and community resources need to be developed. These include expanded modelling capacities, molecular engineering toolboxes, model species, and phenotyping tools., This perspective summarizes the presentations and discussions at the ‘ International Symposium on Synthetic Biology in Photosynthesis Research’, which was held in Shanghai in 2018. Leveraging the current advanced understanding of photosynthetic systems, the symposium brain-stormed about the redesign and engineering of photosynthetic systems for translational goals and evaluated available new technologies/tools for synthetic biology as well as technological obstacles and new tools that would be needed to overcome them. Four major research areas for redesigning photosynthesis were identified: (i) mining natural variations of photosynthesis; (ii) coordinating photosynthesis with pathways utilizing photosynthate; (iii) reconstruction of highly efficient photosynthetic systems in non-host species; and (iv) development of new photosynthetic systems that do not exist in nature. To expedite photosynthesis synthetic biology research, an array of new technologies and community resources need to be developed, which include expanded modelling capacities, molecular engineering toolboxes, model species, and phenotyping tools.
Published: 2020
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11. Arzneimittelinteraktionen, die man kennen muss!

Author: Samuel Sossalla, Katharina Ort, and Niels Voigt
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Ageing society, Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Modern medicine, media_common.quotation_subject, 030232 urology & nephrology, MEDLINE, Health knowledge, Context (language use), Dermatology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, immune system diseases, Daily practice, parasitic diseases, medicine, heterocyclic compounds, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, media_common, Gynecology, Polypharmacy, business.industry, virus diseases, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, General Medicine, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, Pharmacodynamics, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Plasma concentration, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Drug-drug interactions (DDI) represent a significant problem in modern medicine. The number of patients with multi-morbidity, who take multiple drugs, is constantly increasing (polypharmacy). The related exponential increase in potential DDI is almost incomprehensible. In this article, we review pharmacodynamic DDI and provide clinically relevant examples. In addition, we extensively review pharmakokinetic DDI (e. g. through the cytochrome P450-system or p-glycoproteins) that can modify the plasma concentration of many compounds, thereby also increasing the likelihood of unwanted side effects. Finally we provide tools, which may help clinicians in their daily practice to identify and avoid potential DDI. In the context of an ageing society receiving polypharmacy, a better awareness of DDI and of strategies to prevent them is expected to reduce mortality and morbidity.
Published: 2019
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12. Perspective: Understanding the Intersection of Climate/Environmental Change, Health, Agriculture, and Improved Nutrition – A Case Study: Type 2 Diabetes

Author: Daniel J Raiten, Donald R. Ort, Lindsay M. Jaacks, Zach Conrad, Ashley Aimone, Christian J. Peters, and John W. Finley
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Nutritional Sciences, Climate Change, Ecology (disciplines), Psychological intervention, Medicine (miscellaneous), 01 natural sciences, Translational Research, Biomedical, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Vegetables, Sustainable agriculture, medicine, Food Industry, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Consumption (economics), Nutrition and Dietetics, Ecology, Public economics, business.industry, Public health, Agriculture, Feeding Behavior, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fruit, Perspective, Food processing, Food systems, Diet, Healthy, business, Food Science
Abstract: Efforts to promote health through improved diet and nutrition demand an appreciation of the nutritional ecology that accounts for the intersection of agriculture, food systems, health, disease and a changing environment. The complexity and implications of this ecology is exemplified by current trends and efforts to address nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), most prominently type 2 diabetes. The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise unabated. Of particular concern is how to address the unhealthy dietary patterns that are contributing to this pandemic in a changing environment. A multi- disciplinary approach is required that will engage those communities that comprise the continuum of effort from research to translation and implementation of evidence-informed interventions, programs and policies. Using the prevention of type 2 diabetes by increasing fruit and vegetable consumption as an exemplar, we argue that the ability to effect positive change in this and other persistent nutrition-related problems can be achieved by moving away from siloed approaches that limit the integration of key components of the diet–health continuum. Ultimately the impact of preventing type 2 diabetes via increased fruit and vegetable consumption will depend on how the entire diet changes, not just fruits and vegetables. In addition, the rapidly changing physical environment that will confront our food production system going forward will also shape the interventions that are possible. Nonetheless, the proposed “team science” approach that accounts for all the elements of the nutrition ecology will better position us to achieve public health goals through safe and sustainable food systems.
Published: 2019
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13. Carbon assimilation in crops at high temperatures

Author: Donald R. Ort and Rebecca A. Slattery
Subjects: Crops, Agricultural, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Hot Temperature, Physiology, Acclimatization, Climate Change, Climate change, Growing season, Plant Science, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Carbon Cycle, Crop, 03 medical and health sciences, biology, business.industry, fungi, RuBisCO, Carbon fixation, Temperature, food and beverages, Carbon Dioxide, Adaptation, Physiological, Carbon, Droughts, 030104 developmental biology, Agronomy, Productivity (ecology), Agriculture, biology.protein, Environmental science, business, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Global temperatures are rising, and higher rates of temperature increase are projected over land areas that encompass the globe's major agricultural regions. In addition to increased growing season temperatures, heat waves are predicted to become more common and severe. High temperatures can inhibit photosynthetic carbon gain of crop plants and thus threaten productivity, the effects of which may interact with other aspects of climate change. Here, we review the current literature assessing temperature effects on photosynthesis in key crops with special attention to field studies using crop canopy heating technology and in combination with other climate variables. We also discuss the biochemical reactions related to carbon fixation that may limit crop photosynthesis under warming temperatures and the current strategies for adaptation. Important progress has been made on several adaptation strategies demonstrating proof-of-concept for translating improved photosynthesis into higher yields. These are now poised to test in important food crops.
Published: 2019
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14. How Urban Storm- and Wastewater Management Prepares for Emerging Opportunities and Threats: Digital Transformation, Ubiquitous Sensing, New Data Sources, and Beyond - A Horizon Scan

Author: Christoph Ort, Kris Villez, Jörg Rieckermann, Peter A. Vanrolleghem, João P. Leitão, Frank Blumensaat, and Andreas Scheidegger
Subjects: business.industry, Ecology (disciplines), Digital transformation, Information Storage and Retrieval, General Chemistry, Water industry, Wastewater, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Training (civil), Water resources, Information and Communications Technology, Industry, Environmental Chemistry, Business, Water quality, Polling, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Ubiquitous sensing will create many opportunities and threats for urban water management, which are only poorly understood today. To identify the most relevant trends, we conducted a horizon scan regarding how ubiquitous sensing will shape the future of urban drainage and wastewater management. Our survey of the international urban water community received an active response from both the academics and the professionals from the water industry. The analysis of the responses demonstrates that emerging topics for urban water will often involve experts from different communities, including aquatic ecologists, urban water system engineers and managers, as well as information and communications technology professionals and computer scientists. Activities in topics that are identified as novel will either require (i) cross-disciplinary training, such as importing new developments from the IT sector, or (ii) research in new areas for urban water specialists, for example, to help solve open questions in aquatic ecology. These results are, therefore, a call for interdisciplinary research beyond our own discipline. They also demonstrate that the water management community is not yet prepared for the digital transformation, where we will experience a data demand, i.e. a "pull" of urban water data into external services. The results suggest that a lot remains to be done to harvest the upcoming opportunities. Horizon scanning should be repeated on a routine basis, under the umbrella of an experienced polling organization.
Published: 2019
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15. Supporting caregivers during hematopoietic cell transplantation for children with primary immunodeficiency disorders

Author: E. Anne Lown, Veronica Yank, Sumathi Iyengar, Morton J. Cowan, Morna J. Dorsey, Christina Mangurian, Meghan C. Halley, Katherine Ort, Christopher Scalchunes, Jennie Yoo, and Heather Smith
Subjects: Male, Coping (psychology), Allergy, primary immune deficiency, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, well-being [psychosocial support], Health care, Immunology and Allergy, Child, caregiver, media_common, Pediatric, Hematopoietic cell transplantation, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Middle Aged, Quality Improvement, Mental Health, Caregivers, Feeling, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, Stress, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Clinical Research, Respite care, Behavioral and Social Science, medicine, Humans, Sibling, Transplantation, Descriptive statistics, business.industry, Psychosocial Support Systems, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Socioeconomic Factors, Family medicine, Quality of Life, Psychological, business, Delivery of Health Care, Stress, Psychological, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Background Caregivers of children with primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) experience significant psychological distress during their child's hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) process. Objectives This study aims to understand caregiver challenges and identify areas for health care system-level improvements to enhance caregiver well-being. Methods In this mixed-methods study caregivers of children with PIDs were contacted in August to November 2017 through online and electronic mailing lists of rare disease consortiums and foundations. Caregivers were invited to participate in an online survey assessing sociodemographic variables, the child's medical characteristics, psychosocial support use, and the World Health Organization–5 Well-Being Index. Open-ended questions about health care system improvements were included. Descriptive statistics and linear multivariate regression analyses were conducted. A modified content analysis method was used to code responses and identify emergent themes. Results Among the 80 caregiver respondents, caregivers had a median age of 34 years (range, 23-62 years) and were predominantly female, white, and married with male children given a diagnosis of severe combined immune deficiency. In the adjusted regression model lower caregiver well-being was significantly associated with lower household income and medical complications. Challenges during HCT include maintaining relationships with partners and the child's healthy sibling or siblings, managing self-care, and coping with feelings of uncertainty. Caregivers suggested several organizational-level solutions to enhance psychosocial support, including respite services, online connections to other PID caregivers, and bedside mental health services. Conclusions Certain high-risk subpopulations of caregivers might need more targeted psychosocial support to reduce the long-term effect of the HCT experience on their well-being. Caregivers suggested several organizational-level solutions for provision of this support.
Published: 2019
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16. The Rise of Eating Disorders During COVID-19 and the Impact on Treatment

Author: Katherine Ort and Jace Reed
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Adolescent, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), MEDLINE, COVID-19, medicine.disease, United States, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Psychiatry and Mental health, Eating disorders, Communicable Disease Control, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Medicine, Humans, business, Child, Pandemics, Letter to the Editor
Abstract: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, our daily lives have changed drastically. The United States has gone through multiple iterations of lockdowns, mandates, and re-openings that have varied throughout the country. The impact of the pandemic on our social, economic, physical, and mental health is still being determined. One area that we are starting to recognize is the impact of the pandemic on eating disorders (ED) in children and adolescents. The treatment of ED has had a long history of treatment barriers that has worsened with the pandemic, making finding care for patients in need significantly more difficult.
Published: 2021

17. GROUNDED: The Localizing Ground Penetrating Radar Evaluation Dataset

Author: Daniela Rus, Teddy Ort, and Igor Gilitschenski
Subjects: Ground truth, Computer science, business.industry, Synchronizing, law.invention, Lidar, Odometry, law, Ground-penetrating radar, Global Positioning System, Radar, business, Inertial navigation system, Remote sensing
Abstract: Mapping and localization using surface features is prone to failure due to environment changes such as inclement weather. Recently, Localizing Ground Penetrating Radar (LGPR) has been proposed as an alternative means of localizing using underground features that are stable over time and less affected by surface conditions. However, due to the lack of commercially available LGPR sensors, the wider research community has been largely unable to replicate this work or build new and innovative solutions. We present GROUNDED an open dataset of LGPR scans collected in a variety of environments and weather conditions. By labeling this data with ground truth localization from an RTK-GPS / Inertial Navigation System, and carefully calibrating and time synchronizing the radar scans with ground truth positions, camera imagery, and Lidar data, we enable researchers to build novel localization solutions that are resilient to changing surface conditions. We include 108 individual runs totalling 450 km of driving with LGPR, GPS, Odometry, Camera, and Lidar measurements. We also present two new evaluation benchmarks for 1) Localizing in Weather and 2) Multi-lane Mapping, to enable comparisons of future work supported by the dataset. The dataset can be accessed at http://lgprdata.com.
Published: 2021
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18. Strengthening Critical Health Literacy for Health Information Appraisal: An Approach from Argumentation Theory

Author: Alexander Ort, Claudia Zanini, Maddalena Fiordelli, Sara Rubinelli, and Nicola Diviani
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 050801 communication & media studies, Health literacy, Article, Argumentation theory, 03 medical and health sciences, 0508 media and communications, 0302 clinical medicine, Argument, medicine, Humans, health communication, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sociology, critical thinking, misinformation, Curriculum, Health communication, Pandemics, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, Public health, 05 social sciences, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, Public relations, argumentation theory, critical health literacy, health information, information appraisal, disinformation, Critical thinking, Normative, Medicine, business, health literacy
Abstract: The overload of health information has been a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health authorities play a primary role in managing this information. However, individuals have to apply critical health literacy to evaluate it. The objective of this paper is to identify targets for strengthening critical health literacy by focusing on the field of argumentation theory. This paper is based on the textual analysis of instances of health information through the lens of argumentation theory. The results show that critical health literacy benefits from: (1) understanding the concept of argument and the supporting reasons, (2) identifying the main argument schemes, and (3) the knowledge and use of the main critical questions to check the soundness of arguments. This study operationalizes the main aspects of critical health literacy. It calls for specific educational and training initiatives in the field. Moreover, it argues in favor of broadening the current educational curricula to empower individuals to engage in informed and quality decision making. Strengthening individuals’ critical health literacy involves interventions to empower in argument evaluation. For this purpose, argumentation theory has analytical and normative frameworks that can be adapted within a lay-audience education concept.
Published: 2021
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19. Embrace differences when training intergenerational groups: common conflicts May arise among the mixed generations, but keep training events on track with proper design and delivery

Author: Ort, April
Subjects: Baby boom generation -- Training -- Social aspects, Learning -- Analysis, Work environment -- Analysis, Employee training -- Analysis -- Social aspects, Post-baby boom generation -- Training -- Social aspects, Business, Education, Human resources and labor relations
Abstract: The work environment is more generationally diverse now than at any other time in recent history, with millions of Gen Xers ready to fill the space left by retiring Baby [...]
Published: 2014

20. Spatio‐temporal assessment of illicit drug use at large scale : evidence from 7 years of international wastewater monitoring

Author: Iria González‐Mariño, Jose Antonio Baz‐Lomba, Nikiforos A. Alygizakis, Maria Jesús Andrés‐Costa, Richard Bade, Anne Bannwarth, Leon P. Barron, Frederic Been, Lisa Benaglia, Jean‐Daniel Berset, Lubertus Bijlsma, Igor Bodík, Asher Brenner, Andreas L. Brock, Daniel A. Burgard, Erika Castrignanò, Alberto Celma, Christophoros E. Christophoridis, Adrian Covaci, Olivier Delémont, Pim Voogt, Damien A. Devault, Mário J. Dias, Erik Emke, Pierre Esseiva, Despo Fatta‐Kassinos, Ganna Fedorova, Konstantinos Fytianos, Cobus Gerber, Roman Grabic, Emma Gracia‐Lor, Stefan Grüner, Teemu Gunnar, Evroula Hapeshi, Ester Heath, Björn Helm, Félix Hernández, Aino Kankaanpaa, Sara Karolak, Barbara Kasprzyk‐Hordern, Ivona Krizman‐Matasic, Foon Yin Lai, Wojciech Lechowicz, Alvaro Lopes, Miren López de Alda, Ester López‐García, Arndís S. C. Löve, Nicola Mastroianni, Gillian L. McEneff, Rosa Montes, Kelly Munro, Thomas Nefau, Herbert Oberacher, Jake W. O'Brien, Reinhard Oertel, Kristin Olafsdottir, Yolanda Picó, Benedek G. Plósz, Fabio Polesel, Cristina Postigo, José Benito Quintana, Pedram Ramin, Malcolm J. Reid, Jack Rice, Rosario Rodil, Noelia Salgueiro‐González, Sara Schubert, Ivan Senta, Susana M. Simões, Maja M. Sremacki, Katarzyna Styszko, Senka Terzic, Nikolaos S. Thomaidis, Kevin V. Thomas, Ben J. Tscharke, Robin Udrisard, Alexander L. N. Nuijs, Viviane Yargeau, Ettore Zuccato, Sara Castiglioni, Christoph Ort, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, López De Alda, Miren, Postigo, Cristina, González-Mariño, Iria, Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio, Alygizakis, Nikiforos A., Andrés-Costa, Maria Jesús, Bade, Richard, Gerber, Cobus, Ort, Christoph, Freshwater and Marine Ecology (IBED, FNWI), López De Alda, Miren [0000-0002-9347-2765], Postigo, Cristina [0000-0002-7344-7044], Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto de Investigación e Análises Alimentarias
Subjects: Research Report, Wastewater‐based epidemiology, Ecstasy/MDMA, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, Ecstasy, Population, Illicit drugs, 030508 substance abuse, Medicine (miscellaneous), Wastewater-based epidemiology, 580 Plants (Botany), Methamphetamine, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Cocaine, Environmental health, Amphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy, MDMA, illicit drugs, methamphetamine, wastewater-based epidemiology, Illicit drug, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, wastewater‐based epidemiology, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Pharmacology. Therapy, Research Reports, 6. Clean water, 3. Good health, Stimulant, Psychiatry and Mental health, Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences, chemistry, Wastewater, Environmental Science, Benzoylecgonine, 0305 other medical science, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background and aims Wastewater‐based epidemiology is an additional indicator of drug use that is gaining reliability to complement the current established panel of indicators. The aims of this study were to: (i) assess spatial and temporal trends of population‐normalized mass loads of benzoylecgonine, amphetamine, methamphetamine and 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in raw wastewater over 7 years (2011–17); (ii) address overall drug use by estimating the average number of combined doses consumed per day in each city; and (iii) compare these with existing prevalence and seizure data. Design Analysis of daily raw wastewater composite samples collected over 1 week per year from 2011 to 2017. Setting and Participants Catchment areas of 143 wastewater treatment plants in 120 cities in 37 countries. Measurements Parent substances (amphetamine, methamphetamine and MDMA) and the metabolites of cocaine (benzoylecgonine) and of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (11‐nor‐9‐carboxy‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol) were measured in wastewater using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Daily mass loads (mg/day) were normalized to catchment population (mg/1000 people/day) and converted to the number of combined doses consumed per day. Spatial differences were assessed world‐wide, and temporal trends were discerned at European level by comparing 2011–13 drug loads versus 2014–17 loads. Findings Benzoylecgonine was the stimulant metabolite detected at higher loads in southern and western Europe, and amphetamine, MDMA and methamphetamine in East and North–Central Europe. In other continents, methamphetamine showed the highest levels in the United States and Australia and benzoylecgonine in South America. During the reporting period, benzoylecgonine loads increased in general across Europe, amphetamine and methamphetamine levels fluctuated and MDMA underwent an intermittent upsurge. Conclusions The analysis of wastewater to quantify drug loads provides near real‐time drug use estimates that globally correspond to prevalence and seizure data., This study was supported by the following countries, institutions and projects Australia: Thyne Reid foundation; Canada: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Iceland: The Icelandic Research Fund (Grant number 163049–051); Slovenia: Slovene Research Agency (funding Project L1–9191); Spain: MINECO/AEI projects (CTM2014–56628‐C3–2‐R, CTQ2015–65603‐P, CTM2016–81935‐REDT, CTM2017–84763‐C3–2‐R), Galician Council of Culture, Education and Universities (ED481D 2017/003); UK: Environmental Sustainability Knowledge Transfer Network, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Thermo Fisher Scientific (CASE industrial scholarship for K. Munro, Ref.: EP/J502029/1). European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA); EU International Training Network SEWPROF (Marie Curie‐FP7‐PEOPLE, grant number 317205); COST Action ES1307 supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology); WATCH (Wastewater Analysis of Traces of illicit drug‐related Chemicals for law enforcement and public Health DG migration and Home affairs ‐ HOME/2015/ISFP/PR/DRUG/0062). Sampling support and provision of catchment information Austria: Klemens Geiger and Michael Schlapp; Belgium: Jonathan Phariseau, Bart Coene, Luc Van Os, Peter Nys, Dieter Lemaire, Jean‐François Mougel, Patrick Vantroyen and Karel Claes; Croatia: Marin Ganjto; Czech Republic: Jiri Stara and Robert Hrich Brněnské; France: Véronique Bremont; Italy: Roberto Mazzini and Francesca Pizza (Milan), Francesco Avolio (Bologna), Fabrizio Moratto and Sergio Ghezzi (Gorizia), Rosanna Brienza and Simona Panariello (Potenza), Pier Paolo Abis and Antonia Attanasio (Bari), Antonella Cicala (Palermo); Norway: Pia Ryrfors; Portugal: João Goulão, José Martins, Pedro Alvaro and Fátima Paixão; Slovakia: Silvia Antalová and Jozef Tichy; Spain: Begoña Martínez López, Cristian Mesa, Santiago Querol Rodriguez, Fernando Llavador, Enrique Albors and Gloria Fayos; the Netherlands: Alex Veltman, Peter Theijssen, Peter van Dijk, Stefan Wijers, Mark Stevens, Ferry de Wilde. Analytical support Australia: Maulik Ghetia; Cyprus: Popi Karaolia; Greece: Nikoilaos Raikos; Spain: Ana Maria Botero‐Coy, Clara Boix, Alberto Celma, Jorge Pitarch, Inés Racamonde and Eddie Fonseca; Italy: Emma Gracia‐Lor, Nikolaos I. Rousis and Noelia Salgueiro‐Gonzalez. Data repository and data screening Eawag: Harald von Waldow; EMCDDA: Renate Hochwieser, Liesbeth Vandam, João Matias and Federica Mathis.
Published: 2020
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21. Changes in Self-Reported Fruit and Vegetable Intake following Nutritional Modification in High Risk Older Veterans

Author: Kelly Barton-Ort, Monica C. Serra, Leslie I. Katzel, Elizabeth A. Parker, Jamie Giffuni, and Odessa Addison
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Male, Aging, Visual Analog Scale, Veterans Health, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Health Promotion, Vulnerable Populations, 03 medical and health sciences, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Intervention (counseling), Vegetables, Food Quality, Medicine, Humans, health care economics and organizations, Aged, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, humanities, Health promotion, Fruit, Female, Self Report, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Diet Therapy
Abstract: This project aimed to determine the feasibility of implementing a dietary intervention in older Veterans participating in an exercise and health promotion program (Gerofit) and whether this intervention could improve self-reported fruit and vegetable (FV) intake measured by BRFSS and diet quality measured by visual analog scale (0-10 scale). Participation consisted of optional group and individual counseling with a Registered Dietitian (RD). Out of 50 participants approached to participant in the program, 24 Veterans attended ≥2 group sessions (2.9 ± 2.0 classes, which was 82% of total available sessions). There was a reported trend toward increased daily FV intake (pre vs. post: 3.4 ± 1.9 vs. 4.1 ± 2.0 servings/day
Published: 2021

22. Nerve biopsy in acquired neuropathies

Author: Claudia Sommer, Judith M. Spies, Matthew C. Kiernan, Haruki Koike, Steve Vucic, Gen Sobue, Antonia S Carroll, Nora Ort, Kathrin Doppler, and Masahisa Katsuno
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Nerve biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Neuroscience, Biopsy, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases, Disease, Neurosurgical Procedures, Nerve tumor, medicine, Etiology, Treatment strategy, Humans, Neurology (clinical), ddc:610, Inflammatory neuropathy, business
Abstract: A diagnosis of neuropathy can typically be determined through clinical assessment and focused investigation. With technological advances, including significant progress in genomics, the role of nerve biopsy has receded over recent years. However, making a specific and, in some cases, tissue-based diagnosis is essential across a wide array of potentially treatable acquired peripheral neuropathies. When laboratory investigations do not suggest a definitive diagnosis, nerve biopsy remains the final step to ascertain the etiology of the disease. The present review highlights the utility of nerve biopsy in confirming a diagnosis, while further illustrating the importance of a tissue-based diagnosis in relation to treatment strategies, particularly when linked to long-term immunosuppressive therapies.
Published: 2021

23. Pre-sleep social media use does not strongly disturb sleep: a sleep laboratory study in healthy young participants

Author: Selina Combertaldi, Alexander Ort, Björn Rasch, Maren Jasmin Cordi, and Andreas Fahr
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Polysomnography, General Medicine, Audiology, Sleep in non-human animals, Bedtime, Mental health, Arousal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sleep Quality, Heart rate, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sleep onset latency, Cognitive skill, business, Laboratories, Sleep, Social Media, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Progressive muscle relaxation
Abstract: Objective Sleep is critical for our mental health and optimal cognitive functioning. Social media use is increasingly common and suspected to disturb sleep due to increasing bedtime arousal. However, most studies rely on self-reported sleep. Methods We tested the effects of 30 min social media use on arousal and subsequent sleep in the sleep laboratory in 32 healthy young volunteers. Effects of blue-light were excluded in this study. We compared it to 30 min progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and neutral sleep in a within-subject design. Results Thirty minutes of social media use immediately before sleep did not significantly increase arousal and did neither disturb objective nor subjective sleep. After social media use, participants only spent less time in sleep stage N2. In contrast, PMR had the expected positive effects on pre-sleep arousal level indicated by reduced heart rate. In addition, PMR improved sleep efficiency, reduced sleep onset latency, and shortened the time to reach slow-wave sleep compared to a neutral night. Oscillatory power in the slow-wave activity and spindle bands remained unaffected. Conclusion Social media use before sleep (controlling for effects of blue-light) had little effect on bedtime arousal and sleep quality than what was previously expected. The most notable effect appears to be the additional time spent engaging in social media use at bedtime, potentially keeping people from going to sleep. As wake up-time is mostly determined externally, due to school or working hours, limiting personal media use at bedtime—and especially in bed—is recommended to get sufficient hours of sleep.
Published: 2021
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24. The positive impact of agile retrospectives on the collaboration of distributed development teams – A practical approach on the example of Bosch engineering GmbH

Author: Pauline Efremov, Albert Albers, Emilie Maria Teitz, Ferdinand Ort, Jonas Heimicke, Marion A. Weissenberger-Eibl, Katharina Duehr, and Publica
Subjects: Teamwork, Engineering, business.industry, Collaborative design, media_common.quotation_subject, Competitive pressure, Distributed collaboration, distributed collaboration, Engineering management, Work (electrical), agile working practices, New product development, Distributed development, Product (category theory), ddc:620, business, Engineering & allied operations, media_common, Agile software development
Abstract: To counteract competitive pressure, increasing customer requirements and growing product complexity successful distributed collaboration in product development is vital. Companies have to face new challenges, such as efficiency losses in communication. To overcome these challenges agile working practices, such as agile retrospectives, could be beneficial. The objective of this scientific work is to evaluate the benefit of agile working practices on the example of agile retrospectives, for the improvement of collaboration in distributed development teams. Based on literature analysis, qualitative and quantitative expert interviews following the DRM by Blessing and Chakrabarti, this scientific work shows that agile working practices have a high potential to improve distributed collaboration. To address this potential, several virtual agile retrospectives are developed and conducted within a distributed team at Bosch Engineering GmbH. The evaluation of this approach results in a high potential of agile retrospectives indicating an improvement tendency. Especially iteratively implemented virtual agile retrospectives have a positive impact on successful distributed collaboration.
Published: 2021

25. Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study

Author: Writing Group (denotes joint first author) James, C Glasbey (UK), Dmitri Nepogodiev (UK), Joana FF Simoes (Portugal), Omar Omar (UK), Elizabeth Li (UK), Mary, L Venn (UK), Mohammad Abou Chaar (Jordan), Vita Capizzi (Italy), Daoud Chaudhry (UK), Anant Desai (UK), Jonathan, G Edwards (UK), Jonathan, P Evans (UK), Marco Fiore (Italy), Jose Flavio Videria (Portugal), Samuel, J Ford (UK), Ian Ganyli (USA), Ewen, A Griffiths (UK), Rohan, R Gujjuri (UK), Angelos, G Kolias (UK), Haytham MA Kaafarani (USA), Ana Minaya-Bravo (Spain), Siobhan, C McKay (UK), Helen, M Mohan (Ireland), Keith Roberts (UK), Carlos San Miguel-M&#233, ndez (Spain), Peter Pockney (Australia), Richard Shaw (UK), Neil, J Smart (UK), Grant, D Stewart (UK), Sudha Sundar (UK), Raghavan Vidya (UK), Aneel, A Bhangu (UK, Statistical analysis Glasbey JC, Overall guarantor)., Omar, O (Lead statistician), Bhangu, A CovidSurg Operations Committee Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Ruth, A Benson, Edward, Bywater, Daoud, Chaudhry, Brett, E Dawson, Jonathan, P Evans, James, C Glasbey, Rohan, R Gujjuri, Emily, Heritage, Conor, S Jones, Sivesh, K Kamarajah, Chetan, Khatri, Rachel, A Khaw, James, M Keatley, Andrew, Knight, Samuel, Lawday, Elizabeth, Li, Harvinder, S Mann, Ella, J Marson, Kenneth, A McLean, Siobhan, C Mckay, Emily, C Mills, Dmitri, Nepogodiev, Gianluca, Pellino, Maria, Picciochi, Elliott, H Taylor, Abhinav, Tiwari, Joana FF Simoes, Isobel, M Trout, Mary, L Venn, Richard JW Wilkin, International Cancer Leads (denotes specialty Principal Investigators) James C Glasbey (Chair), Aneel Bhangu., Colorectal: Neil, J Smart, Ana, Minaya-Bravo, Susan, Moug, Dale, Vimalchandran, Abigail, Vallance, Peter, Pockney, Oesophagogastric: Ewen, A Griffiths, Richard PT Evans, Philip, Townend, Hepatopancreatobilary: Keith Roberts, Siobhan, McKay, John, Isaac, Sohei, Satoi, Thoracic: John Edwards, Aman, S Coonar, Adrian, Marchbank, Edward, J Caruana, Georgia, R Layton, Akshay, Patel, Alessandro, Brunelli, Sarcoma: Samuel Ford, Anant, Desai, Alessandro, Gronchi, Marco, Fiore, Max, Almond, Fabio, Tirotta, Sinziana, Dumitra, Neurosurgery: Angelos Kolias, Stephen, J Price, Daniel, M Fountain, Michael, D Jenkinson, Peter, Hutchinson, Hani, J Marcus, Rory, J Piper, Laura, Lippa, Franco, Servadei, Ignatius, Esene, Christian, Freyschlag, Iuri, Neville, Gail, Rosseau, Karl, Schaller, Andreas, K Demetriades, Faith, Robertson, Alex, Alamri, Head and neck: Richard Shaw, Andrew, G Schache, Stuart, C Winter, Michael, Ho, Paul, Nankivell, Juan Rey Biel, Martin, Batstone, Ian, Ganly, Breast: Raghavan Vidya, Alex, Wilkins, Jagdeep, K Singh, Dinesh, Thekinkattil, Gynaecology: Sudha Sundar, Christina, Fotopoulou, Elaine, Leung, Tabassum, Khan, Luis, Chiva, Jalid, Sehouli, Anna, Fagotti, Paul, Cohen, Murat, Gutelkin, Rahel, Ghebre, Thomas, Konney, Rene, Pareja, Rob, Bristow, Sean, Dowdy, Shylasree TS Rajkumar, Joe, Ng, Keiiji, Fujiwara, Urology: Grant, D Stewart, Benjamin, Lamb, Krishna, Narahari, Alan, McNeill, Alexandra, Colquhoun, John, McGrath, Steve, Bromage, Ravi, Barod, Veeru, Kasivisvanathan, Dissemination Committee Joana FF Simoes (Chair), Tobias Klatte., Tom EF Abbott, Michel, Adamina, Adesoji, O Ademuyiwa, Arnav, Agarwal, Ehab, Alameer, Derek, Alderson, Felix, Alakaloko, Markus, Albertsmeiers, Osaid, Alser, Muhammad, Alshaar, Sattar, Alshryda, Alexis, P Arnaud, Knut Magne Augestad, Faris, Ayasra, Jos&#233, Azevedo, Brittany, K Bankhead-Kendall, Emma, Barlow, Ruth, Blanco-Colino, Amanpreet, Brar, Kerry, A Breen, Chris, Bretherton, Igor Lima Buarque, Joshua, Burke, Mohammad, Chaar, Sohini, Chakrabortee, Peter, Christensen, Daniel, Cox, Moises, Cukier, Miguel, F Cunha, Giana, H Davidson, Salomone Di Saverio, Thomas, M Drake, John, G Edwards, Muhammed, Elhadi, Sameh, Emile, Shebani, Farik, J Edward Fitzgerald, Samuel, Ford, Tatiana, Garmanova, Gaetano, Gallo, Dhruv, Ghosh, Gustavo Mendon&#231, a Ata&#237, de Gomes, Gustavo, Grecinos, Ewen, A Griffiths, Madalegna, Gr&#252, ndl, Constantine, Halkias, Ewen, M Harrison, Intisar, Hisham, Peter, J Hutchinson, Shelley, Hwang, Arda, Isik, Pascal, Jonker, Haytham MA Kaafarani, Angelos, Kolias, Schelto, Kruijff, Ismail, Lawani, Hans, Lederhuber, Sezai, Leventoglu, Andrey, Litvin, Andrew, Loehrer, Markus, W L&#246, ffler, Maria Aguilera Lorena, Maria Marta Madolo, Piotr, Major, Janet, Martin, Hassan, N Mashbari, Dennis, Mazingi, Symeon, Metallidis, Helen, M Mohan, Rachel, Moore, David, Moszkowicz, Joshua, S Ng-Kamstra, Mayaba, Maimbo, Milagros, Niquen, Faustin, Ntirenganya, Maricarmen, Olivos, Kacimi, Oussama, Oumaima, Outani, Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalanm, Francesco, Pata, Carlos Jose Perez Rivera, Thomas, D Pinkney, Willemijn van der Plas, Ahmad, Qureshi, Dejan, Radenkovic, Antonio Ramos- De la Medina, Keith, Roberts, April, C Roslani, Martin, Ruteg&#229, Ir&#232, ne, Santos, Raza, Sayyed, Andrew, Schache, Andreas, A Schnitzbauer, Seyi-Olajide, Justina O., Neil, Sharma, Richard, Shaw, Sebastian, Shu, Kjetil, Soreide, Antonino, Spinelli, Grant, D Stewart, Malin, Sund, Sudha, Sundar, Stephen, Tabiri, Georgios, Tsoulfas, Gabrielle, H van Ramshorst, Raghavan, Vidya, Dale, Vimalachandran, Oliver, J Warren, Duane, Wedderburn, Naomi, Wright, EuroSurg, European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP), Global Initiative for Children&#8217, s Surgery (GICS), GlobalSurg, GlobalPaedSurg, ItSURG, PTSurg, SpainSurg, Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery (SICCR), Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), Irish Surgical Research Collaborative (ISRC), Transatlantic Australasian Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Working Group (TARPSWG), Collaborators (denotes Site Principal Investigators) Argentina: Allemand C, Italian Society of Surgical Oncology (SICO)., Boccalatte, L, Figari, M, Lamm, M, Larra&#241, aga, J, Marchitelli, C, Noll, F, Odetto, D, Perrotta, M, Saadi, J, Zamora, L (Hospital Italiano De Buenos Aires), Alurralde, C, Caram, El, Eskinazi, D, Mendoza, Jp, Usandivaras M (Sanatorio, 9 De Julio Sa), Badra, R, Esteban, A, Garc&#237, a, Js, a, Pm, Gerchunoff, Ji, Lucchini, Sm, NIgra, Ma, Armenia: Hovhannisyan T, Vargas L (Sanatorio Allende)., Australia: Gould T, Stepanyan A (Nairi Medical Center)., Gourlay, R, Griffiths, B (Calvary Mater Newcastle), Gananadha S, McLaren M (Canberra Hospital), Cecire, J, Joshi, N, Salindera, S, Sutherland, A (Coffs Harbour Health Campus), Ahn, Jh, Charlton, G, Chen, S, Gauri, N, Hayhurst, R, Jang, S, Jia, F, Mulligan, C, Yang, W, Ye, G, Zhang, H (Concord Repatriation General Hospital), Ballal, M, Gibson, D, Hayne, D, Moss, J, Richards, T, Viswambaram, P, Vo UG (Fiona Stanley Hospital), Bennetts, J, Bright, T, Brooke-Smith, M, Fong, R, Gricks, B, Lam, Yh, Ong, Bs, Szpytma, M, Watson, D (Flinders Medical Centre), Bagraith, K, Caird, S, Chan, E, Dawson, C, Ho, D, Jeyarajan, E, Jordan, S, Lim, A, Nolan, Gj, Oar, A, Parker, D, Puhalla, H, Quennell, A, Rutherford, L, Townend, P, Von Papen, M, Wullschleger, M (Gold Coast University Hospital), Blatt, A, Cope, D, Egoroff, N, Fenton, M, Gani, J, Lott, N, Pockney, P, Shugg, N (John Hunter Hospital), Elliott M, Phung D (Lifehouse), Phan D, Townend D (Lismore Base Hospital), Bong C, Gundara J (Logan Hospital), Frankel, A (Princess Alexandra Hospital), Bowman S, Guerra GR (Queen Elizabeth Ii Jubilee Hospital), Bolt, J, Buddingh, K, Dudi-Venkata, Nn, Jog, S, Kroon, Hm, Sammour, T, Smith, R, Stranz, C (Royal Adelaide Hospital), Batstone, M, Lah, K, McGahan, W, Mitchell, D, Morton, A, Pearce, A, Roberts, M, Sheahan, G, Swinson, B (Royal Brisbane And Women&#8217, s Hospital), Alam, N, Banting, S, Chong, L, Choong, P, Clatworthy, S, Foley, D, Fox, A, Hii, Mw, Knowles, B, Mack, J, Read, M, Rowcroft, A, Ward, S, Austria: Lanner M (Kardinal Schwarzenberg Klinikum), Wright G (St Vincent&#8217, s Hospital)., K&#246, nigsrainer, I (Landeskrankenhaus Feldkirch), Bauer, M, Freyschlag, C, Kafka, M, Messner, F, 214, fner, D, Tsibulak, I (Medical University Of Innsbruck), Emmanuel, K, Grechenig, M, Gruber, R, Harald, M, hlberger, L, Presl, J, Azerbaijan: Namazov &#304, Wimmer A (Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg)., Barbados: Barker D, Samadov E (Leyla Medical Centerl)., Boyce, R, Corbin, S, Doyle, A, Eastmond, A, Gill, R, Haynes, A, Millar, S, O&#8217, Shea, M, Padmore, G, Paquette, N, Phillips, E, John S, St., Belgium: Flamey N, Walkes K (Queen Elizabeth Hospital)., Pattyn, P (Az Delta), Oosterlinck, W, Van den Eynde, J, Brazil: Gatti A, Van den Eynde R (Uz Leuven)., Nardi, C, Oliva, R (Hospital Geral De Pirajussara), De Cicco, R (Instituto De C&#226, ncer Dr Arnaldo Vieira De Carvalho), Cecconello, I, Gregorio, P, Pontual Lima, L, Ribeiro Junior, U, Takeda, F, Canada: Kidane B, Terra RM (Instituto Do C&#226, ncer De Estado De S&#227, o Paulo). Bulgaria: Sokolov M (University Hospital Alexandrovska)., Srinathan, S (Health Sciences Centre), Boutros, M, Caminsky, N, Ghitulescu, G, Jamjoum, G, Moon, J, Pelletier, J, Vanounou, T, Wong, S (Jewish General Hospital), Dumitra, S, Kouyoumdjian, A (Mcgill University Health Center), Johnston B, Russell C (Saint John Regional Hospital), Demyttenaere, S, Mary&#8217, s Hospital), Garfinkle R (St., Abou-Khalil, J, Nessim, C, Colombia: Almeciga A, Stevenson J (The Ottawa Hospital). Chile: Heredia F (Cl&#237, nica Universitaria De Concepci&#243, n)., Fletcher, A, Merchan A (Centro De Investigaciones Oncol&#243, gicas Cl&#237, nica San Diego, - Ciosad), Puentes LO (Hospital San Jos&#233, Croatia: Ba&#269, i&#263, G, Mendoza Quevedo J (Subred Sur Occidente De Kennedy (Hospital De Kennedy))., Karlovi&#263, D, Kr&#353, ul, D, Zeli&#263, M (University Hospital Center Rijeka), Luksic I, Mamic M (University Hospital Dubrava), Bakmaz, B, 262, oza, I, Dijan, E, Katusic, Z, Mihanovic, J, Cyprus: Frantzeskou K, Rakvin I (Zadar General Hospital)., Gouvas, N, Kokkinos, G, Papatheodorou, P, Pozotou, I, Stavrinidou, O, Czechia: Martinek L, Yiallourou A (Nicosia General Hospital)., Skrovina, M, Szubota, I (Hospital &amp, amp, Oncological Centre Novy Jicin), 381, ateck&#253, J (Slezsk&#225, Nemocnice V Opav&#283, P. o. ), Javurkova, V, Denmark: Avlund T, Klat J (University Hospital Ostrava)., Christensen, P, Harbjerg, Jl, Iversen, Lh, Kjaer, Dw, Kristensen, H&#248, Mekhael, M (Aarhus University Hospital), Ebbeh&#248, j, Al, Krarup, P, Schlesinger, N, Egypt: Abdelsamed A, Smith H (Bispebjerg Hospital)., Azzam, Ay, Salem, H, Seleim, A (Al Azhar University Hospitals), Abdelmajeed, A, Abdou, M, Abosamak, Ne, AL Sayed, M, Ashoush, F, Atta, R, Elazzazy, E, Elhoseiny, M, Elnemr, M, Elqasabi, Ms, Elsayed Hewalla ME, Elsherbini, I, Essam, E, Eweda, M, Ghallab, I, Hassan, E, Ibrahim, M, Metwalli, M, Mourad, M, Qatora, Ms, Ragab, M, Sabry, A, Saifeldin, H, Saleh Mesbah Mohamed Elkaffas, M, Samih, A, Samir Abdelaal, A, Shehata, S, Shenit, K (Alexandria Main University Hospital), Attia, D, Kamal, N, Osman, N (Alexandria Medical Research Institute), Abbas, Am, Abd Elazeem HAS, Abdelkarem, Mm, Alaa, S, Ali, Ak, Ayman, A, Azizeldine, Mg, Elkhayat, H, elghazaly S, M., Monib, Fa, Nageh, Ma, Saad, Mm, Salah, M, Shahine, M, Yousof, Ea, Youssef, A (Assiut University Hospital), Eldaly, A (El-Menshawy Hospital), ElFiky, M, Nabil, A (Kasr Alainy Faculty Of Medicine, Cairo, University), Amira, G, Sallam, I, Sherief, M, Sherif, A (Misr Cancer Center), Abdelrahman, A, Aboulkassem, H, Ghaly, G, Hamdy, R, Morsi, A, Sherif, G (National Cancer Institute), Abdeldayem, H, Abdelkader Salama, I, Balabel, M, Fayed, Y, Sherif AE (National Liver Institute, Finland: Kauppila J, Menoufia University). Ethiopia: Bekele D (Maddawalabu University Goba Referral Hospital)., Sarjanoja, E (L&#228, nsi-Pohja Central Hospital), Helminen, O, Huhta, H, France: Beyrne C, Kauppila JH (Oulu University Hospital)., Jouffret, L, Lugans, L, Marie-Macron, L (Centre Hospitalier Avignon), Chouillard E, De Simone B (Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Poissy Saint Germain En Laye), Bettoni, J, Dakp&#233, S, Devauchelle, B, Lavagen, N, Testelin, S (Chu Amiens), Boucher, S, Breheret, R, Gueutier, A, Kahn, A, K&#252, n-Darbois, J (Chu Angers), Barrabe, A, Lakkis, Z, Louvrier, A, Manfredelli, S, Mathieu, P (Chu Besan&#231, on), Chebaro, A, Drubay, V, El amrani, M, Eveno, C, Lecolle, K, Legault, G, Martin, L, Piessen, G, Pruvot, Fr, Truant, S, Zerbib, P (Chu Lille), Ballouhey, Q, Barrat, B, Laloze, J, Salle, H, Taibi, A, Usseglio, J (Chu Limoges), Bergeat D, Merdrignac A (Chu Rennes - General Surgery), Le Roy, B, Perotto, Lo, Scalabre, A (Chu Saint Etienne), Aim&#233, A, Ezanno, A, Malgras, B (Hia Begin), Bouche P, Tzedakis S (H&#244, pital Cochin - Aphp), Cotte, E, Glehen, O, Lifante, J (Hopital Lyon Sud), D&#8217, Urso, A, Felli, E, Mutter, D, Pessaux, P, Seeliger, B (Hus, Pole H&#233, pato-Digestif, / Ihu- Strasbourg), Bardet, J, Berry, R, Boddaert, G, Bonnet, S, Brian, E, Denet, C, Fuks, D, Gossot, D, Grigoroiu, M, Laforest, A, Levy-Zauberman, Y, Louis-Sylvestre, C, Moumen, A, Pourcher, G, Seguin-givelet, A, Tribillon, E (Institut Mutualiste Montsouris), Duchalais, E, Espitalier, F, Ferron, C, Germany: Bork U, Malard O (Nantes University Hospital)., Distler, M, Fritzmann, J, Kirchberg, J, Praetorius, C, Riediger, C, Weitz, J, Welsch, T, Wimberger, P (Carl-Gustav-Carus University, Dresden), Tu, Beyer, K, Kamphues, C, Lauscher, J, Loch, Fn, Schineis, C (Charit&#233, University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin), Albertsmeier, M, Angele, M, Kappenberger, A, Niess, H, Schiergens, T, Werner, J (Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig- Maximilians-Universitat Munich), Becker R, Jonescheit J (Heilig-Geist Hospital Bensheim), Pergolini I, Reim D (Klinikum Rechts Der Isar Tum School Of Medicine), Boeker, C, Hakami, I, Mall, J (Krh Nordstadt-Siloah Hospitals), Liokatis P, Smolka W (LMU Klinikum Campus Innenstadt), Nowak K, Reinhard T (Romed Klinikum Rosenheim), H&#246, lzle, F, Modabber, A, Winnand, P (University Hospital Aachen), Knitschke, M (University Hospital Giessen And Marburg), Kauffmann P, Wolfer S (University Hospital Goettingen / Universit&#228, tsmedizin Goettingen), Kleeff, J, Lorenz, K, Michalski, C, Ronellenfitsch, U, Schneider, R (University Hospital Halle (Saale)), Bertolani, E, nigsrainer, A, L&#246, ffler, Mw, Quante, M, Steidle, C, 220, berr&#252, ck, L, Yurttas, C (University Hospital Tuebingen), Betz, Cs, Bewarder, J, B&#246, ttcher, A, Burg, S, Busch, C, Gosau, M, Heuer, A, Izbicki, J, Klatte, To, Koenig, D, Moeckelmann, N, Nitschke, C, Priemel, M, Smeets, R, Speth, U, Thole, S, Uzunoglu, Fg, Vollkommer, T, Zeller, N (University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf), Battista, Mj, Gillen, K, Hasenburg, A, Krajnak, S, Linz, V, Schwab, R (University Of Mainz, Greece: Angelou K, Department Of Gynaecology And Obstetrics)., Haidopoulos, D, Rodolakis, A (Alexandra General Hospital), Antonakis, P, Bramis, K, Chardalias, L, Contis, I, Dafnios, N, Dellaportas, D, Fragulidis, G, Gklavas, A, Konstadoulakis, M, Memos, N, Papaconstantinou, I, Polydorou, A, Theodosopoulos, T, Vezakis, A (Aretaieion Hospital), Antonopoulou, Mi, Manatakis, Dk, Tasis, N (Athens Naval And Veterans Hospital), Arkadopoulos, N, Danias, N, Economopoulou, P, Kokoropoulos, P, Larentzakis, A, Michalopoulos, N, Selmani, J, Sidiropoulos, T, Tsaousis, V, Vassiliu, P (Attikon University General Hospital), Bouchagier, K, Klimopoulos, S, Paspaliari, D, Stylianidis, G (Evaggelismos General Hospital), Baxevanidou, K, Bouliaris, K, Chatzikomnitsa, P, Efthimiou, M, Giaglaras, A, Kalfountzos, C, Koukoulis, G, Ntziovara, Am, Petropoulos, K, Soulikia, K, Tsiamalou, I, Zervas, K, Zourntou, S (General Hospital Of Larissa &#8220, Koutlimpaneio And Triantafylleio&#8221, Baloyiannis, I, Diamantis, A, Gkrinia, E, Hajiioannou, J, Korais, C, Koukoura, O, Perivoliotis, K, Saratziotis, A, Skoulakis, C, Symeonidis, D, Tepetes, K, Tzovaras, G, Zacharoulis, D (General University Hospital Of Larissa), Alexoudi, V, Antoniades, K, Astreidis, I, Christidis, P, Deligiannidis, D, Grivas, T, Ioannidis, O, Kalaitsidou, I, Loutzidou, L, Mantevas, A, Michailidou, D, Paraskevopoulos, K, Politis, S, Stavroglou, A, Tatsis, D, Tilaveridis, I, Vahtsevanos, K, Venetis, G (George Papanikolaou General Hospital Of Thessaloniki), Karaitianos I, Tsirlis T (Henry Dunant Hospital Center), Charalabopoulos, A, Liakakos, T, Mpaili, E, Schizas, D, Spartalis, E, Syllaios, A, Zografos, C (Laiko University Hospital), Anthoulakis, C, Christou, C, Papadopoulos, V, Tooulias, A, Tsolakidis, D, Tsoulfas, G, Zouzoulas, D (Papageorgiou General Hospital), Athanasakis, E, Chrysos, E, Tsiaousis, J, Xenaki, S, Hong Kong: Futaba K, Xynos E (University Hospital Of Heraklion Crete And Interclinic Hospital Of Crete)., Ho, Mf, Hon, Sf, Mak, Twc, Ng SSM (Prince Of Wales Hospital), Hungary: Banky B, Foo CC (Queen Mary Hospital)., Ireland: Aremu M, Suszt&#225, k N (Szent Borb&#225, la K&#243, rh&#225, z)., Canas-Martinez, A, Cullivan, O, Murphy, C, Owens, P, Pickett, L (Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown), Akmenkalne, L, Byrne, J, Corrigan, M, Cullinane, C, Daly, A, Fleming, C, Jordan, P, Killeen, S, Lynch, N, McCarthy, A, Mustafa, H, Brien, S, Leary, P, Syed, Was, Vernon, L (Cork University Hospital), Callanan, D, Huang, L, Ionescu, A, Sheahan, P (South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital), Balasubramanian, I, Boland, M, Conlon, K, Evoy, D, Fearon, N, Gallagher, T, Geraghty, J, Heneghan, H, Kennedy, N, Maguire, D, McCartan, D, McDermott, Ew, Prichard, Rs, Winter, D (St Vincent&#8217, s University Hospital), Alazawi, D, Barry, C, Boyle, T, Butt, W, Connolly, Em, Donlon, N, Donohue, C, Fahey, Ba, Farrell, R, Fitzgerald, C, Kinsella, J, Larkin, Jo, Lennon, P, Maguire, Pj, Mccormick, P, Mehigan, Bj, Mohan, H, Nugent, T, Sullivan, H, Ravi, N, Reynolds, Jv, Rogers, A, Shokuhi, P, Smith, J, Smith, La, James&#8217, s Hospital), Timon C (St., Bashir, Y, Bass, G, Connelly, T, Earley, H, Elliott, Ja, Gillis, A, Kavanagh, D, Neary, P, riordan, J, Reynolds, Is, Rice, D, Ridgway, P, Umair, M, Whelan, M (Tallaght Hospital), Carroll, P, Collins, C, Corless, K, Finnegan, L, Fowler, A, Hogan, A, Kerin, M, Lowery, A, McAnena, P, McKevitt, K, Nizami, K, Ryan, &#201, Samy, A (University Hospital Galway), Coffey, Jc, Cunningham, R, Devine, M, Nally, D, Peirce, C, Tormey, S (University Hospital Limerick), Hardy, N, Malley, S, Italy: Macina S (Asst Mantua), Ryan M (University Hospital Waterford/University College Cork)., Mariani, Nm, Opocher, E, Pisani Ceretti A (Asst Santi Paolo, E Carlo), Ferrari, F, Odicino, F, Sartori, E (Asst Spedali Civili, Ospedale Di Brescia), Cotsoglou C, Granieri S (Asst Vimercate), Bianco, F, Camillo&#8217, Colledan, M, Tornese, S, Zambelli MF (Asst-Papa Giovanni Xxiii- Bergamo), Bissolotti, G, Fusetti, S, Lemma, F (Azienda Ospedaliera Di Padova), Marino, M, Mirabella, A, Vaccarella, G (Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo), Agostini, C, Alemanno, G, Bartolini, I, Bergamini, C, Bruscino, A, Checcucci, C, De Vincenti, R, Di Bella, A, Fambrini, M, Fortuna, L, Maltinti, G, Muiesan, P, Petraglia, F, Prosperi, P, Ringressi, Mn, Risaliti, M, Sorbi, F, Taddei, A, Tucci, R (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi), Bassi, C, Campagnaro, T, Casetti, L, De Pastena, M, Esposito, A, Fontana, M, Guglielmi, A, Landoni, L, Malleo, G, Marchegiani, G, Nobile, S, Paiella, S, Pedrazzani, C, Rattizzato, S, Ruzzenente, A, Salvia, R, Turri, G, Tuveri, M (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Di Verona), Bellora, P, Aloisio, G, Ferrari, M, Francone, E, Gentilli, S, Nikaj, H (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore Della Carit&#224, Bianchini, M, Chiarugi, M, Coccolini, F, Di Franco, G, Furbetta, N, Gianardi, D, Guadagni, S, Morelli, L, Palmeri, M, Tartaglia, D (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana), Anania, G, Carcoforo, P, Chiozza, M, De Troia, A, Koleva Radica, M, Portinari, M, Sibilla, Mg, Urbani, A (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Sant&#8217, anna), Fabbri, N, Feo, Cv, Gennari, S, Parini, S, Righini E (Azienda Unit&#224, Sanitaria Locale di Ferrara, - University of Ferrara), Ampollini, L, Bellanti, L, Bergonzani, M, Bertoli, G, Bocchialini, G, Angelo, G, Lanfranco, D, Musini, L, Poli, T, Santoro, Gp, Varazzani, A (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Parma), Aguzzoli, L, Borgonovo, G, Castro Ruiz, C, Coiro, S, Falco, G, Mandato, Vd, Mastrofilippo, V, Montella, Mt, Annessi, V, Zizzo M (Azienda Unit&#224, Sanitaria Locale, - Irccs Di Reggio Emilia), Grossi, U, Novello, S, Romano, M, Rossi, S, Zanus, G (Ca&#8217, Foncello Treviso-DISCOG-Universit Di Padova), Esposito, G, Frongia, F, Pisanu, A, Podda, M (Cagliari University Hospital), Belluco, C, Lauretta, A, Montori, G, Moras, L, Olivieri, M (Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico Di Aviano (Cro) Irccs), Bussu, F, Carta, Ag, Cossu, Ml, Cottu, P, Fancellu, A, Feo, Cf, Ginesu, Gc, Giuliani, G, Madonia, M, Perra, T, Piras, A, Porcu, A, Rizzo, D, Scanu, Am, Tedde, A, Tedde, M (Cliniche San Pietro, Sassari), A. o. u., Delrio, P, Rega D (Colorectal Surgical Oncology Unit, - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale-I. r. c. c. s., ), Badalamenti, G, Campisi, G, Cordova, A, Franza, M, Maniaci, G, Rinaldi, G, Toia, F (Department Of Surgical, University Of Palermo), Oncological And Oral Sciences., Calabr&#242, M, Farnesi, F, Lunghi, Eg, Muratore, A, Pipitone Federico NS (Edoardo Agnelli), B&#224, mbina, F, Andrea, G, Familiari, P, Picotti, V (Fabrizio Spaziani), De Palma, G, Luglio, G, Pagano, G, Tropeano FP (Federico Ii University Hospital), Baldari, L, Beltramini, Ga, Boni, L, Cassinotti, E, Gianni&#8217, Pignataro, L, Torretta S (Fondazione Irccs Ca&#8217, Granda, - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico), Abatini, C, Baia, M, Biasoni, D, Bogani, G, Cadenelli, P, Capizzi, V, Cioffi, Spb, Citterio, D, Comini, Lv, Cosimelli, M, Fiore, M, Folli, S, Gennaro, M, Giannini, L, Gronchi, A, Guaglio, M, Macchi, A, Martinelli, F, Mazzaferro, V, Mosca, A, Pasquali, S, Piazza, C, Raspagliesi, F, Rolli, L, Salvioni, R, Sarpietro, G, Sarre, C, Sorrentino, L (Fondazione Irccs Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milano), Agnes, A, Alfieri, S, Belia, F, Biondi, A, Cozza, V, Amore, A, Ugo, D, De Simone, V, Fagotti, A, Gasparini, G, Gordini, L, Litta, F, Lombardi, Cp, Lorenzon, L, Marra, Aa, Marzi, F, Moro, A, Parello, A, Perrone, E, Persiani, R, Ratto, C, Rosa, F, Saponaro, G, Scambia, G, Scrima, O, Sganga, G, Tudisco, R (Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli), Belli, A, Granata, V, Izzo, F, Palaia, R, Patrone R (Hpb Surgical Oncology Unit, - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, Pascale- I. r. c. c. s., ), Carrano, Fm, Carvello, Mm, De Virgilio, A, Di Candido, F, Ferreli, F, Gaino, F, Mercante, G, Rossi, V, Spinelli, A, Spriano, G (Humanitas Clinical And Research Center Irccs, Rozzano (Mi) &amp, Humanitas, University, Department Of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele (Mi)), Donati, Dm, Frisoni, T, Palmerini, E (Irccs Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli), Aprile, A, Barra, F, Batistotti, P, Ferrero, S, Fregatti, P, Scabini, S, Sparavigna, M (Irccs Ospedale Policlinico San Martino), Asti, E, Bernardi, D, Bonavina, L, Lovece, A (University of Milan, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato), Adamoli, L, Ansarin, M, Cenciarelli, S, Chu, F, De Berardinis, R, Fumagalli Romario, U, Mastrilli, F, Pietrobon, G, Tagliabue M (Istituto Europeo Di Oncologia, - Irccs -Milano), Badellino, E, Ferrero, A, Massobrio, R (Mauriziano Hospital Torino, Italy), De Manzoni Garberini, A (Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo), Federico, P, Maida, P, Marra, E, Marte, G, Petrillo, A, Tammaro, T, Tufo, A (Ospedale Del Mare), Berselli, M, Borroni, G, Cocozza, E, Conti, L, Desio, M, Livraghi, L, Quintodei, V, Rizzi, A, Zullo A (Ospedale Di Circolo, E Fondazione Macchi (Varese)), Baldi, C, Corbellini, C, Sampietro GM (Ospedale Di Rho, - Asst Rhodense), Cellerino P (Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, E Oftalmico), Baldini, E, Capelli, P, Isolani, Sm, Ribolla, M (Ospedale Guglielmo Da Saliceto Piacenza), Bondurri, A, Colombo, F, Ferrario, L, Guerci, C, Maffioli, A (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano), Armao, T, Ballabio, M, Bisagni, P, Gagliano, A, Longhi, M, Madonini, M, Pizzini, P (Ospedale Maggiore Di Lodi), Baietti, Am, Biasini, M, Maremonti, P, Neri, F, Prucher, Gm, Ricci, S, Ruggiero, F, Zarabini AG (Ospedale Maggiore/Bellaria Carlo Alberto Pizzardi Ausl Bologna), Barmasse, R, Mochet, S, Usai, A (Ospedale Regionale Umberto Parini), Leonardo - Asl Napoli 3 Sud, Incollingo P (Ospedale S., Castellammare Di Stabia), Mancini, S, Marino Cosentino, L, Sagnotta, A (Ospedale San Filippo Neri), Fruscio, R, Grassi, T, Nespoli, Lc, Tamini, N (Ospedale San Gerardo), Anastasi, A, Bartalucci, B, Bellacci, A, Canonico, G, Capezzuoli, L, Di Martino, C, Ipponi, P, Linari, C, Montelatici, M, Nelli, T, Spagni, G, Tirloni, L, Vitali, A (Ospedale San Giovanni Di Dio), Abate, E, Casati, M, Casiraghi, T, Laface, L, Schiavo M (Ospedale Vittorio Emanuele Iii, - Carate Brianza), Arminio, A, Cotoia, A, Lizzi, V, Vovola, F (Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Foggia), Vergari, R (Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona), Ugo, S, Depalma, N, 8220, Vito Fazzi&#8221, Spampinato MG (P. o., Bartolucci, P, Brachini, G, Bruzzaniti, P, Chiappini, A, Chiarella, V, Ciccarone, F, Cicerchia, Pm, Cirillo, B, De Toma, G, Di bartolomeo, A, Fiori, E, Fonsi, Gb, Franco, G, Frati, A, Giugliano, M, Iannone, I, La Torre, F, Lapolla, P, Leonardo, C, Marruzzo, G, Meneghini, S, Mingoli, A, Ribuffo, D, Salvati, M, Santoro, A, Sapienza, P, Scafa, Ak, Simonelli, L, Zambon M (Policlinico Umberto, I Sapienza University Of Rome), Capolupo, Gt, Carannante, F, Caricato, M, Mascian&#224, G, Mazzotta, E (Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico Of Rome), Gattolin, A, Migliore, M, Rimonda, R, Sasia, D, Travaglio, E (Regina Montis Regalis Hospital, Mondov&#236, Cervellera, M, Gori, A, Sartarelli, L, orsola-Malpighi Hospital), Tonini V (S., Giacometti, M, Zonta, S (Ospedale San Biagio, Asl, VCO), Chessa, A, Fiorini, A, Norcini, C (San Giovanni Di Dio), Colletti, G, Confalonieri, M, Costanzi, A, Frattaruolo, C, Mari, G, Monteleone, M (San Leopoldo Mandic), Bandiera, A, Bocciolone, L, Bonavina, G, Candiani, M, De Nardi, P, Gagliardi, F, Medone, M, Mortini, P, Negri, G, Ottolina, J, Parise, P, Piloni, M, Sileri, P, Vignali, A (San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan), Belvedere, A, Bernante, P, Bertoglio, P, Boussedra, S, Brunocilla, E, Cipriani, R, Cisternino, G, De Crescenzo, E, De Iaco, P, Dondi, G, Frio, F, Jovine, E, Mineo Bianchi, F, Neri, J, Parlanti, D, Perrone, Am, Pezzuto, Ap, Pignatti, M, Pinto, V, Poggioli, G, Ravaioli, M, Rottoli, M, Schiavina, R, Serenari, M, Serra, M, Solli, P, Taffurelli, M, Tanzanu, M, Tesei, M, Violante, T, Zanotti, S (Sant&#8217, orsola Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum University Of Bologna, Borghi, F, Cianflocca, D, Di Maria Grimaldi, S, Donati, D, Gelarda, E, Geretto, P, Giraudo, G, Giuffrida, Mc, Marano, A, Palagi, S, Pellegrino, L, Peluso, C, Testa V (Santa Croce, E Carle Hospital, Cuneo), Agresta, F, Prando, D, Zese M (Santa Maria Degli Angeli Hospital Ulss5, - Adria), Aquila, F, Gambacciani, C, Lippa, L, Pieri, F, Santonocito OS (Spedali Riuniti Di Livorno), Armatura, G, Bertelli, G, Frena, A, Marinello, P, Notte, F, Patauner, S, Moritz Hospital), Scotton G (St., Fulginiti, Sf, Gallo, G, Sammarco, G, Vescio, G (University &#8216, Magna Graecia&#8217, Of Catanzaro), Balercia, P, Catarzi, L, Consorti G (University Hospital Umberto, I Ancona), Di Marzo, F (Valtiberina), Japan: Daiko H, Fontana T (Vittorio Emanuele)., Ishikawa, M, Ishiyama, K, Iwata, S, Kanematsu, K, Kanemitsu, Y, Kato, T, Kawai, A, Kobayashi, E, Kobayashi Kato, M, Moritani, K, Nakatani, F, Oguma, J, Tanase, Y, Jordan: Al Abdallah M, Uno M (National Cancer Center Hospital)., Ayasra, F, Ayasra, Y, Qasem, A (Al-Basheer Hospital), Abu Za&#8217, nouneh FJ, Fahmawee, T, Hmedat, A, Ibrahim, A, Obeidat, K (King Abdullah University Hospital), Abdel Al, S, Abdel Jalil, R, Abou Chaar MK, Al-Masri, M, Al-Najjar, H, Alawneh, F, Alsaraireh, O, Elayyan, M, Ghanem, R, Libya: Alkadeeki G (Al-Jalaa Hospital), Lataifeh I (King Hussein Cancer Center)., Aldokali, N, Senossi, O, Subhi MT (Alkhadra Hospital), Burgan, D, Kamoka, E, Kilani, Ai, Salamah, A, Salem, M, Shuwayyah, A (National Cancer Institute, Sabratha, - Libya), Abdulwahed, E, Alshareea, E, Aribi, N, Aribi, S, Biala, M, Ghamgh, R, Morgom, M (Tripoli Central Hospital), Aldayri, Z, Ellojli, I, Lithuania: Bradulskis S, Kredan A (Tripoli University Hospital)., Dainius, E, Kubiliute, E, Kutkevi&#269, ius, J, Parseliunas, A, Subocius, A, Madagascar: Rasoaherinomenjanahary F, Venskutonis D (Lithuanian University Of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinical Hospital)., Razafindrahita, Jb, Malaysia: Ong EC (Bintulu), Samison LH (Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital)., Hamdan, Kh, Ibrahim, Mr, Tan, Ja, Thanapal MR (Hospital Kuala Lumpur), Amin Sahid, N, Hayati, F, Jayasilan, J, Sriram, Rk, Subramaniam, S (Queen Elizabeth Hospital &amp, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota, Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia), Che Jusoh, A, Hussain, Ah, Mohamed Sidek AS, Mohd Yunus MF, Soh, Jy, Wong, Mpk, Zakaria, Ad, Zakaria, Z (School Of Medical Sciences &amp, Hospital, Universiti Sains Malaysia), Fadzli, A, Fathi, Nq, Koh, Ps, Liew, Yt, Roslani, Ac, Tang, Cy, Teoh, Ly, Wong, Wj, Mexico: Alvarez MR, Yahaya AS (University Malaya Medical Centre)., Arrangoiz, R, Cordera, F, De la Rosa Abaroa MA, G&#243, mez-Pedraza, A, Hernandez, R, Maffuz-Aziz, A, Posada JA (Abc Medical Center), Becerra Garc&#237, a FC (Hospital San &#193, ngel Inn Chapultepec), Alfaro-Goldaracena, A, Buerba, Ga, Castillejos- Molina RA, Chan, C, Dominguez-Rosado, I, Medina-Franco, H, Mercado, M&#225, Oropeza- Aguilar, M, Pe&#241, a G&#243, mez Portugal, E, Posadas-Trujillo, Oe, Rodriguez-Covarrubias, F, Salgado-Nesme, N, Morocco: Arkha Y, Vilatoba M (Instituto Nacional De Ciencias M&#233, dicas Y Nutrici&#243, n &#8220, Salvador Zubir&#225, n&#8221, Bechri, H, El Ouahabi, A, Oudrhiri MY (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina Rabat), Derkaoui hassani F, El abbadi N (Cheikh Zaid International University Hospital), Amrani, L, Belkhadir, Zh, Benkabbou, A, Chakib, O, El Ahmadi, B, El Bouazizi, Y, Essangri, H, Ghannam, A, Majbar, Am, Mohsine, R, Netherlands: Hompes R, Souadka A (Institut National D&#8217, oncologie)., Meima-van Praag, E, Pronk, Ajm, Sharabiany, S (Amsterdam Umc, University Of Amsterdam), Grotenhuis, B, Hartveld, L, Reijers, S, Van Houdt, W (Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek Ziekenhuis), Baaij, J, Bolster-van Eenennaam, M, De Graaff, M, Sloothaak, D, Van Duijvendijk, P (Gelre Ziekenhuis), Posma-Bouman, L (Slingeland Ziekenhuis), Derksen, T, Franken, J, Oosterling, S (Spaarne Gasthuis), De Bree, R (University Medical Center Utrecht), Konsten, J, Nigeria: Fidelis L, Van Heinsbergen M (Viecuri Medisch Centrum)., Sholadoye, Tt, Tolani, M (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital), Olaogun, J (Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital), Egbuchulem, Ik, Lawal, Ta, Ogundoyin, O, Olulana DI (University College Hospital), Abdur-Rahman, L, Adeyeye, A, Aremu, I, Bello, J, Olasehinde, O, Oman: Massoud J, Popoola A (University Of Ilorin Teaching Hospital)., Massoud, R, Pakistan: Jamal A, Sorour TM (Khoula Hospital)., Kerawala AA (Cancer Foundation Hospital), Memon, As, Nafees Ahmed, R, Pfau Civil Hospital), Rai L (Dr Ruth K. m., Ayub, B, Hassan, N, Martins, Rs, Ramesh, P, Sayyed, R (Patel Hospital), Butt, U, Kashif, M, Khan, Wh, Qureshi, A, Umar, M, Waris Farooka, M, Wasim, T (Services Hospital Lahore), Ayubi, A, Rashid, I, Peru: Falcon GM, Waqar SH (The Pakistan Institute Of Medical Sciences)., Philippines: Jocson R, Robles R (Instituto Regional De Enfermedades Neopl&#225, sicas Del Sur)., Teh, C (National Kidney &amp, Poland: Major P (Jagiellonian University Medical College), Transplant Institute)., Bobi&#324, ski, M, Kotarski, J, Rasoul-Peli&#324, ska, K (Medical University Of Lublin, Portugal: Azevedo C, Chair And Department Of Gynaecological Oncology And Gynaecology)., Machado, D, Mendes, F (Centro Hospitalar Cova Da Beira), De Sousa, X (Centro Hospitalar De Set&#250, bal), Fernandes, U, Ferreira, C, Guidi, G, Leal, C, Mar&#231, al, A, Marques, R, Martins, D, Melo, A, Tenreiro, N, Vaz Pereira, R, Vieira B (Centro Hospitalar De Tr&#225, s-Os-Montes, E Alto Douro, E. p. e., ), Almeida, Ji, Correia de S&#225, T, Costa, Mjma, Fernandes, V, Ferraz, I, Gil, Cg, Lima da Silva, C, Lopes, L, Machado, N, Marialva, J, Nunes Coelho, M, Pedro, J, Pereira, C, Reis, R, Ribeiro, A, Santos, R, Saraiva, P, Silva, R, Tavares, F, Teixeira M (Centro Hospitalar Do Tamega, E Sousa), Almeida, Ac, Amaral, Mj, Andrade, R, Athayde Nem&#233, sio, R, Breda, D, Camacho, C, Canhoto, C, Colino, M, Correia, S, Costa, M, De Barros, J, De Oliveira L&#243, pez AL, Duque, M, Garrido, S, Guerreiro, P, Guimar&#227, es, A, L&#225, zaro, A, Lopes, C, Martins, R, Nogueira, O, Oliveira, A, Oliveira, Jm, Rodrigues, M, Ruivo, A, Santos, E, Silva, M, Sim&#245, es, J, Valente da Costa A (Centro Hospitalar, E Universit&#225, rio De Coimbra), Almeida, A, Cavaleiro, S, Devezas, V, Faria, Cs, J&#225, come, F, Magalh&#227, es Maia, M, Nogueiro, J, Pereira, A, Pereira-Neves, A, Pina-Vaz, T, Santos-Sousa, H, Silveira, H, Vaz, S, Vieira P (Centro Hospitalar, E Universit&#225, rio De S&#227, o Jo&#227, Gomes da Costa A, Lobo Antunes I (Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte), Pinto J, Tojal A (Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu), Cardoso, N, Cardoso, P, Domingues, Jc, Henriques, P, Manso, Mi, Martins dos Santos, G, Morais, H, Pereira, R, Revez, T, Ribeiro, R, Ribeiro, Vi, Soares, A, Sousa, S, Teixeira J (Centro Hospitalar Universit&#225, rio Do Algarve, - Unidade De Faro), Amorim, E, Baptista, Vh, Cunha, Mf, Dias, B, Fazenda, A, Melo Neves JP, Policarpo, F, Sampaio da N&#243, voa Gomes Miguel II, Veiga D (Centro Hospitalar Universitario Do Algarve, - Unidade De Portim&#227, Andrade, Ak, Bandovas, Jp, Borges, N, Branquinho, A, Chumbinho, B, Correia, J, Fidalgo, H, Figueiredo de Barros, I, Frade, S, Gomes, J, Maciel, J, Pina, S, Rodrigues, A, Silva, N, Silveira Nunes, I, Sousa, R (Centro Hospitalar Universit&#225, rio Lisboa Central), Ascens&#227, o, J, Azevedo, P, Costeira, B, Cunha, C, Garrido, R, Gomes, H, Louren&#231, o, I, Mendinhos, G, Miranda, P, Nobre Pinto, A, Peralta Ferreira, M, Ribeiro, J, Rio Rodrigues, L, Sousa Fernandes, M (Hospital Beatriz Angelo), Azevedo J (Hospital Da Horta, E. p. e. ), Galv&#227, o, D, Soares, Ac, Vieira, A, Vieira, B (Hospital De Santo Espirito Da Ilha Terceira), Patr&#237, cio, B, Santos, Pmdd, Vieira Paiva Lopes AC (Hospital De Torres Vedras, - Centro Hospitalar Do Oeste), Cunha, R, Faustino, A, Freitas, A, Martins, Ab, Mendes, Jr, Parreira, R, Rosa, J, Teves, M (Hospital Do Divino Esp&#237, rito Santo), Abreu da Silva, A, Claro, M, Costa Santos, D, Deus, Ac, Grilo JV (Hospital Do Litoral Alentejano), Borges, F, Corte Real, J, Henriques, S, Lima, Mj, Matos Costa, P (Hospital Garcia De Orta), Brito da Silva, F, Caiado, A, Fonseca, F (Instituto Portugu&#234, s De Oncologia De Lisboa Francisco Gentil), 194, ngelo, M, Baiao, Jm, Martins Jord&#227, Vieira Caro&#231, o, T (Ipo Coimbra), Messias, J, Millan, A, Salgado, I, Santos, P (Ipo Lisboa), Ba&#237, a, C, Canotilho, R, Correia, Am, Ferreira Pinto AP, Peyroteo, M, Puerto Rico: Escobar P, Videira JF (Ipo Porto)., R&#233, union: Kassir R, Maldonado Santiago M (Instituto Gineco Oncologico)., Romania: Bezede C, Sauvat F (Chu Reunion)., Chitul, A, Ciofic, E, Cristian, D, Grama, F (Coltea Clinical Hospital), Pirtea L, Secosan C (Emergency Clinical City Hospital), Bonci, E, Gata, V, Ion Chiricuta Institute Of Oncology), Titu S (Prof. Dr., Ginghina, O, Iordache, N, Russia: Garmanova T, Iosifescu RV (Saint John Emergency Hospital)., Kazachenko, E, Markaryan, D, Rodimov, S, Tsarkov, P, Tulina, I (Clinic Of Coloproctology And Minimally Invasive Surgery, Sechenov Medical State University), Litvina, Y, Provozina, A (Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Regional Clinical Hospital), Agapov, M, Galliamov, E, Kakotkin, V, Kubyshkin, V, 1050, 1072, 1084, 1083, 1086, 1074, &#1040, (Moscow Research And Educational Center, Saudi Arabia: Alshahrani M, Lomonosov Moscow State University)., Alsharif, F, Eskander, M (Aseer Central Hospital), Al Raddadi, R, Majrashi, S, Mashat, A (East Jeddah General Hospital), Akeel, N, Alharthi, M, Aljiffry, M, Basendowah, M, Farsi, A, Ghunaim, M, Khoja, A, Maghrabi, A, Malibary, N, Nassif, M, Nawawi, A, Saleem, A, Samkari, A, Trabulsi, N (King Abdulaziz University Hospital), Al Awwad, S, Alghamdi, M, Alnumani, T, Nasser, M, Said bayazeed, A (King Fahad General Hospital), Alhefdhi, A, Almalik, O, Alomair, A, Alotaibi, N, Alresaini, F, Alsalamah, R, Alsobhi, S, Mahasin, Z, Othman, E, Velagapudi, S (King Faisal Specialist Hospital), Al Habes, H, Alamri, A, Alkarak, S, Alqannas, M, Alyami, M, Alzamanan, M, Cort&#233, s Guiral, D, Elawad, A (King Khalid Hospital), AlAamer, O, Alriyees, L, Alselaim, N (King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry Of National Guard, Health, Affairs, General Surgery Department., ), Abdulkareem, A, Ajlan, A, Akkour, K, Al-Habib, A, Al-Khayal, K, Alatar, A, Alburakan, A, Alhalal, H, Alhassan, B, Alhassan, N, Alobeed, O, Alsaif, A, Alsaif, F, Alshammari, S, Alshaygy, I, Barry, M, Bin Nasser, A, Bin Traiki, T, Bokhari, A, Elwatidy, S, Helmi, H, Madkhali, A, Nouh, T, Rabah, Pd, Serbia: Paunovic I, Zubaidi A (King Saud University)., Slijepcevic, N (Centre For Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Centre Of Serbia), Aleksi&#263, L, Antic, A, Barisic, G, Ceranic, M, Galun, D, Gruba&#269, &#381, Jelenkovic, J, Kecmanovi&#263, Kmezi&#263, Knezevic, D, Krivokapic, Z, Latin&#269, Markovic, V, Mati&#263, Miladinov, M, Pavlov, M, Pejovic, I, Radenkovic, D, Tadic, B, Vasljevi&#263, J, Velickovic, D, Zivanovic, M (Clinic For Digestive Surgery, Perovic M, Srbinovic L (Clinic For Gynecology And Obstetrics Narodni Front), Andrijasevic, S, Bozanovic, T, Cerovic Popovic, R, Dokic, M, Janjic, T, Jeremic, K, Kadija, S, Ladjevic Likic, I, Mirkovic, L, Pantovic, S, Pilic, I, Radojevic, M, Stefanovic, A, Vidakovic, S, Vilendecic, Z (Clinic For Gynecology And Obstetrics, Clinical Center Of Serbia), Antic, S, Dun&#273, erovi&#263, Jelovac, D, Jezdic, Z, Konstantinovic, V, Kotlar, B, Kuzmanovic, C, Lazi&#263, Petrovic, M, Popovic, F, Pucar, A, Romic, M, Sumrak, S, Vujanac, V (Clinic For Maxillofacial Surgery, School Of Dental Medicine, University Of Belgrade), Bascarevic, V, Bogdanovi&#263, I, Gruji&#269, Ilic, R, Mili&#263, evi&#263, Milisavljevi&#263, F, Miljkovi&#263, Paunovic, A, 352, 263, epanovi&#263, V, Stanimirovic, A, Todorovic, M (Clinic For Neurosurgery, Jotic, A, Milovanovic, J, Trivic, A (Clinic For Otorhinolaryngology And Maxillofacial Surgery, Bumbasirevic, U, Dzamic, Z, Kajmakovi&#263, B, Prijovi&#263, N, Zivkovic, M (Clinic Of Urology, Buta, M, Cvetkovic, A, Djurisic, I, Gacic, S, Goran, M, Inic, Z, Jeftic, N, Jevric, M, Jokic, V, Markovic, I, Milanovi&#263, Nikolic, S, Pejnovic, L, Savkovi&#263, Spurnic, I, Stevic, D, Stojiljkovic, D, Vucic, N, Zegarac, M (Institute For Oncology And Radiology Of Serbia), Karamarkovic, A, Kenic, M, Kovacevic, B, Krdzic, I, Singapore: Chan CW, Milutinovi&#263, V (Zvezdara University Medical Center)., Slovakia: G&#225, lis B, Lieske B (National University Hospital)., South Africa: Almgla N, &#352, imko K (University Hospital Bratislava)., Bernon, M, Boutall, A, Cairncross, L, Herman, A, Hilton, T, Jonas, E, Kloppers, C, Malherbe, F, Mugla, W, Nel, D, Rayamajhi, S, Van Wyngaard, T, Spain: Casta&#241, o-Leon AM, Vogel J (Groote Schuur Hospital)., Delgado Fernandez, J, Eiriz Fernandez, C, Espino Segura-Illa, M, Esteban Sinovas, O, Garcia Perez, D, Gomez, P, Jimenez-Roldan, L, Lagares, A, Moreno- Gomez, L, Paredes, I, P&#233, rez N&#250, 241, ez, A, S&#225, nchez Aniceto, G, Santas, M (12 De Octubre University Hospital), Fern&#225, ndez Rodr&#237, guez, P, Paniagua Garc&#237, a Se&#241, orans, M, Sanchez- Santos, R, Vigorita, V (&#193, lvaro Cunqueiro Hospital), Acrich, E, Baena Sanfeliu, E, Barrios, O, Golda, T, Santanach, C, Serrano-Navidad, M, Sorribas Grifell, M, Vives RV (Bellvitge University Hospital), Escol&#224, D, Jim&#233, nez A (Comarcal Alt Pened&#233, Cayetano Paniagua L, G&#243, mez Fern&#225, ndez L (Consorci Sanitari De Terrassa), Artigues, E, Bernal-Sprekelsen, Jc, Catal&#225, Bauset JC (Consorcio Hospital General Universitario), Collera, P, Diaz Del Gobbo, R, Farre Font, R, Flores Clotet, R, mez D&#237, az CJ, Gu&#224, rdia, N, Guariglia, Ca, Osorio, A, Sanchez Jimenez, R, Sanchon, L, Soto Montesinos C (Fundaci&#243, Althaia, - Xarxa Assistencial Universit&#224, ria De Manresa), Albi Martin B, Garc&#237, a Villayz&#225, n JE (Fundaci&#243, n Jimenez Diaz University Hospital), Alonso-Lamberti, L, Assaf, M, Baeza Pintado, N, Carabias, A, a-Quijada, J, Huertas Fernandez MA, Jimenez Miram&#243, n, J, Jimenez, V, Jover, Jm, Landeo Ag&#252, ero SA, Leon, R, Mart&#237, n Salamanca MB, rez Sim&#243, n, V, Ponce, S, Rodriguez, Jl, Salazar, A, Valle Rubio, A (Getafe University Hospital), Aguado, H (Hell&#237, n Hospital), Aldecoa Ansorregui, I, Bravo Infante, R, De Lacy FB, Di Somma, A, D&#237, az-Feijoo, B, Ense&#241, at Nora, J, Fabregas, N, Ferr&#233, s, A, Gil Iba&#241, ez, B, Gonzalez Sanchez JJ, Gracia, I, Hoyos Castro JA, Lacy, Am, Langdon, C, Mombl&#225, n, D, Morales, X, Oleaga, L, Otero, A, Pedrosa, L, Poblete Carrizo, J, Reyes Figueroa LA, Roldan Ramos, P, Rumia-Arboix, J, Tercero-Uribe, Ai, Topczewski, Te, Torales, J, Torne, A, Torn&#233, R, Turrado-Rodriguez, V, Valero, R, Valverde, S (Hospital Clinic Barcelona), Anula, R, Cano-Valderrama, O, Del Campo Mart&#237, n, M, ez-Valladares, L, Dom&#237, nguez, I, Dziakova, J, a Alonso, M, a Romero, E, mez Latorre, L, Muguerza, Jm, Pizarro, Mj, Saez Carlin, P, nchez del Pueblo, C, nchez-Pernaute, A, Sanz Ortega, G, Sanz-Lopez, R, Torres, A (Hospital Cl&#237, nico De Madrid), Garc&#233, s-Albir, M, Lopez, F, n-Ar&#233, valo, J, Moro-Valdezate, D, Pla-Marti, V (Hospital Cl&#237, nico Universitario De Valencia), Beltr&#225, n de Heredia, J, De Andr&#233, s Asenjo, B, mez Sanz, T, Jezieniecki, C, Nu&#241, ez Del Barrio, H, Ortiz de Sol&#243, rzano Aurusa FJ, Romero de Diego, A, Ruiz Soriano, M, Trujillo D&#237, az, J, Vazquez fernandez, A (Hospital Cl&#237, nico Universitario De Valladolid), Lora-Cumplido P, Sosa MV (Hospital De Cabue&#241, es), Gonzalez-Gonzalez E, Minaya Bravo AM (Hospital Del Henares), Alonso de la Fuente, N, Cazador Labat, M, Cecchini, L, Espinosa, Ca, Jimenez Toscano, M, L&#243, pez Campillo, A, Mancebo, G, Martorell, P, Munarriz, M (Hospital Del Mar), Grau-Talens EJ, Martin-Perez B (Hospital Don Benito-Villanueva), Benavides Buleje JA, Carrasco Prats, M, ndez, Pv, ndez-L&#243, pez, A, a Escudero, D, a Porcel VJ, Garcia Soria, V, Gim&#233, nez Franc&#233, s, C, Gonz&#225, lez Valverde FM, Gurrea, E, pez-Morales, P, Marco Garrido, A, nez Alonso JA, Medina, E, Mu&#241, oz Camarena JM, Parra Ba&#241, os PA, a Ros, E, Ramirez Faraco, M, Ruiz-Mar&#237, Sanchez Rodriguez, C, Valero Soriano, M (Hospital General Reina Sof&#237, Estaire G&#243, mez, M, ndez Camu&#241, as, &#193, Garcia Santos EP, Jimenez Higuera, E, nez-Pinedo, C, oz-Atienza, V, Padilla-Valverde, D, Pic&#243, n Rodr&#237, guez, R, Redondo Calvo FJ, nchez-Garc&#237, a, S, Sanchez-Pelaez, D (Hospital General Universitario De Ciudad Real), Colombari, Rc, Del valle, E, ndez, M, Lozano Lominchar, P, n, L, Rey Valcarcel, C, Steiner, Ma, Tudela, M, Zorrilla Ort&#250, zar, J (Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara&#241, 243, Alcaide Matas, F, a P&#233, rez JM, Troncoso Pereira, P (Hospital Mateu Orfila), Mora-Guzm&#225, n, I (Hospital Santa B&#225, rbara), Abell&#225, Achalandabaso Boira, M, Jorba, R, Memba Ikuga, R, Olona, C, Sales Mallafr&#233, R (Hospital Universitari De Tarragona Joan Xxiii), Cavall&#233, Busquets, P, Gavalda Pellice MGP, Salinas Pe&#241, a, J (Hospital Universitari Sant Joan), Aragon Achig EJ, Barbier, L, Caja Vivancos, P, Gainza, A, a Gutierrez JJ, Mallabiabarrena Ormaechea, G, Mar&#237, n, H, Martin Playa, P, Melchor Corc&#243, stegui, I, Prieto Calvo, M, Rodriguez Fraga, A, Villalabeitia Ateca, I (Hospital Universitario Cruces), De Andres Olabarria, U, Dur&#225, n Ballesteros, M, ndez Pablos FJ, Ib&#225, ez-Aguirre, Fj, Sanz Larrainzar, A, Ugarte-Sierra, B (Hospital Universitario De Galdakao), De la Hoz Rodr&#237, guez, &#193, Di Martino, M, a Septiem, J, Martin-Perez, E, oz de Nova JL (Hospital Universitario De La Princesa), Calvo Espino P, Guillamot Ruano P (Hospital Universitario De M&#243, stoles), Colao Garc&#237, a, L, az P&#233, rez, D, Esteban Agust&#237, E, Galindo Jara, P, Gutierrez Samaniego, M, Hernandez Bartolome MA, Serrano Gonz&#225, lez, J (Hospital Universitario De Torrej&#243, n De Ardoz), Alonso Poza, A, Di&#233, guez, B, a-Conde, M, Hern&#225, ndez-Garc&#237, a, M, Losada, M (Hospital Universitario Del Sureste), Chiesa-Estomba, Cm, lez Garc&#237, a J&#193, Larruscain, E, Sistiaga-Su&#225, rez JA (Hospital Universitario Donostia), Alvarez, E, Chavarrias, N, Fr&#237, as, L, a Pineda, V, Geg&#250, ndez Sim&#243, n, A, Gort&#225, zar, S, Gracia, M, Guevara, J, ndez Gutierrez, A, Loayza, A, a Dolores DT, C, Melendez, M, Moreno-Palacios, E, Perez, Y, Prieto Nieto MI, Ramos- Mart&#237, n, P, Rubio-Perez, I, Saavedra, J, Sanchez-Mendez, Ji, Siegrist Ridruejo, J, Urbieta, A, Zapardiel, I (Hospital Universitario La Paz), Cantalejo diaz, M, De Miguel Ardevines MDC, Duque-Mall&#233, Gascon Ferrer, I, lez-Nicol&#225, s Tr&#233, bol MT, Gracia-Roche, C, Herrero Lopez, M, Jariod Ferrer UM, Lanzon, A, Martinez German, A, Matute, M, Redondo, C, nchez Fuentes, N, nchez-Rubio, M, Santero-Ramirez, Ms, Saud&#237, Sim&#243, n Sanz MV, Uson-Bouthelier, T (Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet), Blazquez Martin, A, Diez Alonso, M, a Rico, E, Garcia-Loarte Gomez, E, Garcia-Moreno Nisa, F, Gutierrez Calvo, A, Hernandez, P, Lasa, I, Mendoza-Moreno, F, Morales Palacios, N, Ovejero Merino, E, Vera Mansilla, C (Hospital Universitario Principe De Asturias), Acebes Garc&#237, a, F, Bail&#243, Bueno Ca&#241, ones AD, Choolani Bhojwani, E, Marcos-Santos, P, Miguel, T, Pacheco S&#225, nchez, D, rez-Saborido, B, Sanchez Gonzalez, J, Tejero-Pintor FJ (Hospital Universitario R&#237, o Hortega), Alconchel, F, Conesa, A, Gil Mart&#237, nez, J, Guti&#233, rrez Fern&#225, ndez AI, Lopez Abad, A, Nicol&#225, s-L&#243, pez, T, Ramirez Romero, P, Roca Calvo MJ, Rodrigues, K, Ruiz Manzanera JJ, Soriano AI (Hospital Universitario Virgen De La Arrixaca), Cano, A, Capitan-Morales, L, Cintas Catena, J, Gomez-Rosado, J, Oliva Mompean, F, rez S&#225, nchez MA, R&#237, o Lafuente FD, Torres Arcos, C, Valdes-Hernandez, J (Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena), Cholewa, H, Domingo, S, Frasson, M, Lago, V, Marina Martin, T, nez Chicote, C, Sancho-Muriel J (Hospital Universitario, Y Polit&#233, cnico La Fe), Landaluce-olavarria A, Lecumberri D (Hospital Urduliz), Abad Gurumeta, A, Abad-Motos, A, nez-Hurtado, E, Ripoll&#233, s-Melchor, J, Ruiz Escobar, A (Infanta Leonor University Hospital), Cuadrado- Garc&#237, a, A, Garcia-Sancho Tellez, L, Heras Aznar, J, Mat&#233, P, Ortega V&#225, zquez, I, Picardo, Al, Rojo L&#243, pez JA, Sanchez Cabezudo Noguera, F, Serralta de Colsa, D (Infanta Sof&#237, a University Hospital), Anchuelo Latorre, J, Cagigas Fernandez, C, Cai&#241, a Ruiz, R, Gomez Ruiz, M, Hernanz, F, Jimeno Fraile, J, nez-P&#233, rez, P, Poch, C, Santarrufina Martinez, S, Valbuena Jabares, V (Marqu&#233, s De Valdecilla University Hospital), Moliner-S&#225, nchez, C, Pingarron-Martin, L, Rey-Biel, J, Ruiz Martin, I (Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital), Blas Laina JL, Cros, B, Escartin, J, Garcia Egea, J, Nogu&#233, Talal El-Abur, I, Y&#225, nez, C (Royo Villanova), Cagigal Ortega EP, Cervera, I, az Pe&#241, a, P, Elena, Gdcr, Enjuto, D, ndez Bernab&#233, s Garc&#237, a, R, Gonzalez, J, ndez, I, Herrera-Merino, N, Marqueta De Salas, M, Martinez Pascual, P, Perez Gonzalez, M, Ramos Bonilla, A, Rodr&#237, guez G&#243, mez, L (Severo Ochoa University Hospital), Besc&#243, Blanco-Colino, R, Brana, I, Caimari, B, De Pablo Garc&#237, a-Cuenca, A, Duran-Valles, F, Espin-Basany, E, Giralt L&#243, pez de Sagredo, J, Pamias, J, Pellino, G, Prat, N, Pujol Pina, R, Sri Lanka: Arulanantham A, Saez barba M (Vall D&#8217, hebron University Hospital)., Bandara, Gbk, Jayarajah, U, Ravindrakumar, S, Rodrigo VS (District General Hospital Chilaw), Srishankar S (Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura). Sudan: Ali karar AA (Al-Rajhi). Sweden: Elbe P, Lindqvist EK (Karolinska University Hospital), Taflin, H (Sahlgrenska University Hospital), 196, lg&#229, Heinius, G, Nordberg, M, Pieniowski, E (South General Hospital), Gkekas, I, fgren, N, Ruteg&#229, rd, M, Switzerland: Arigoni M, Sund M (Umea University Hospital)., Bernasconi, M, Christoforidis, D, Di Giuseppe, M, La Regina, D, Mongelli, F (Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale), Chevallay, M, Dwidar, O, Gialamas, E, Sauvain, M (Hopital De Pourtales), Klenke, F, Koll&#224, r, A, Kurze, C (Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University Of Bern), Adamina, M, B&#228, chler, T, Crugnale, As, Giardini, M, Guglielmetti, L, Peros, G, Turkey: Aghayeva A, Solimene F (Kantonsspital Winterthur)., Hamzaoglu, I, Sahin, I (Acibadem Altunizade Hospital), Akaydin, E, Aliyeva, Z, Aytac, E, Baca, B, D&#252, lgero&#287, lu, O, Ozben, V, Ozmen, Bb, Uras, C (Acibadem Atakent Hospital), Arikan, Ae, Bilgin, Ia, Bozk&#305, rl&#305, Ceyhan, Go, Kara, H, Karahasano&#287, lu, T, Uras, C (Acibadem Maslak Hospital), Celik, H (Adana Baskent University), Meydanli MM (Ankara City Hospital), Akilli, H, Ayhan, A, Kuscu, E (Baskent University), Onan MA (Gazi University Medical Faculty Hospital), Akgor, U, Dincer, Ha, Erol, T, Gultekin, M, Orhan, N, Ozgul, N, Salman, Mc, Soyak, B (Hacettepe University Hospital), Alhamed, A, Erg&#252, n, S, OZcel&#305, k, Mf, Sanli, An, Uluda&#287, Velidedeoglu, M, Zengin AK (Istanbul Universty, - Cerrahpa&#351, a Medical Faculty), Bozkurt, Ma, Kara, Y, Kocata&#351, A (Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training And Research Hospital), Cimenoglu, B, Demirhan, R, Lutfi Kirdar Training And Research Hospital), Saracoglu K (Kartal Dr., Azamat, I&#775, f, Balik, E, Bu&#287, ra, D, Giray, B, Kulle, Cb, Taskiran, C, Vatansever, D (Ko&#231, University Medical School), G&#246, zal, K, G&#252, ler, Sa, ken, H, Tatar, Oc, Utkan, Nz, Y&#305, ld&#305, r&#305, m, A, Y&#252, ksel, E (Kocaeli University Teaching Hospital), Akin, E, Altintoprak, F, Bayhan, Z, Cakmak, G, 199, apo&#287, lu, R, elebi, F, Demir, H, Dikicier, E, Firat, N, n&#252, ll&#252, Kamburo&#287, lu, Mb, Kocer, B, 231, 252, k, If, Mantoglu, B (Sakarya University Faculty Of Medicine), olak, E, Kucuk, Go, Uyanik MS (Samsun Training And Research Hospital), 304, lhan Varank Training And Research Hospital), G&#246, ksoy B (Sehit Prof. dr., Bozkurt, E, Citgez, B, Mihmanli, M, Tanal, M, Yetkin, G (Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training And Research Hospital), Akalin, M, Arican, C, Avci, Ek, Aydin, C, Demirli At&#305, c&#305, Emiroglu, M, Kaya, T, Kebab&#231, 305, Kilinc, G, Kirmizi, Y, 287, c&#252, H, Salimo&#287, lu, S, Sert, I&#775, Tugmen, C, Tuncer, K, Uslu, G, Ye&#351, ilyurt, D (University Of Health Sciences Tepecik Training And Research Hospital), Karaman, E, Kolusar&#305, A (Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Medical, Faculty), Uganda: Benson O, Yildiz A (Yildirim Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training And Research Hospital)., United Kingdom: Agilinko J, Lule H (Kampala International University Teaching Hospital)., Ahmeidat, A, Barabasz, M, Bekheit, M, Cheung, Lk, Colloc, T, Cymes, W, Elhusseini, M, Gradinariu, G, Hannah, A, Kamera, Bs, Mignot, G, Shaikh, S, Sharma, P (Aberdeen Royal Infirmary), Abu-Nayla, I, Agrawal, A, Al-Mohammad, A, Ali, S, Ashcroft, J, Azizi, A, Baker, O, Balakrishnan, A, Byrne, M, Colquhoun, A, Cotter, A, Coughlin, P, Davies, Rj, Durrani, A, Elshaer, M, Fordington, S, Forouhi, P, Georgiades, F, Grimes, H, Habeeb, A, Hudson, V, Hutchinson, P, Irune, E, Jah, A, Khan, Dz, Kolias, A, Kyriacou, H, Lamb, B, Liau, S, Luke, L, Mahmoud, R, Mannion, R, Masterson, L, Mitrofan, Cg, Mohan, M, Morris, A, Murphy, S, Neill, R, Price, S, Pushpa-rajah, J, Raby-Smith, W, Ramzi, J, Rooney, S, Santarius, T, Singh, A, Stewart, Gd, Tan, Xs, Townson, A, Tweedle, E, Walker, C, Waseem, S, Yordanov, S (Addenbrooke&#8217, Jones, T, Kattakayam, A, Loh, C, Lunevicius, R, Pringle, S, Schache, A, Shaw, R, Sheel, A (Aintree University Hospital), Rossborough, C (Altnagelvin Area Hospital), Angelou, D, Choynowski, M, McAree, B, McCanny, A, Neely, D (Antrim Area Hospital- Northern Health And Social Care Trust), Tutoveanu, G (Barnsley Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust), Ahad, S, De La Cruz Monroy MFI, Mosley, F, Oktseloglou, V (Bradford Royal Infirmary), Alanbuki, A, Patel, M, Shabana, A (Brighton And Sussex Nhs Trust, Princess Royal Hospital), Perera, E, Raveendran, D, Ravi- Shankar, K, Thiruchelvam, J (Broomfield Hospital), Arrowsmith L, Campbell W (Causeway Hospital), Grove, T, Kontovounisios, C, Warren, O (Chelsea And Westminster Hospital), Rolland, P (Cheltenham General Hospital), Aggarwal, A, Brown, S, Jelley, C, Neal, N (Churchill Hospital), Clifford, R, Eardley, N, Krishnan, E, Manu, N, Martin, E, Roy Mahapatra, S, Serevina, Ol, Smith, C, Vimalachandran, D (Countess Of Chester Hospital), Bordenave, M, Houston, R, Putnam, G, Robson, A, Tustin, H (Cumberland Infirmary), Emslie, K, Labib, Pl, Marchbank, A, Miller, D, Minto, G, Natale, J, Nwinee, H, Panahi, P, Rogers, L (Derriford Hospital), Abubakar, A, Akhter Rahman MM, Kyk, Ko, Brien, H, Sasapu, K, Woodun, H (Diana Princess Of Wales Hospital Grimsby), Inglis R, Ng HJ (Dumfries And Galloway Royal Infirmary), De Gea Rico, A, Ghazali, N, Lambert, J, Markose, G, Math, S, Sarantitis, I, Shrestha, D, Sultana, A, Taggarsi, M, Timbrell, S, Vaz, Op, Vitone, L (East Lancashire Hospitals Nhs Trust), Day, A, Dent, H, Fahim, M, Waheed, S (East Surrey Hospital), Hunt A, Laskar N (East Sussex Healthcare (Conquest Hospital And Eastbourne District General Hospital)), Gupta, A, Steinke, J, Thrumurthy, S (Epsom &amp, St Helier University Hospitals Nhs Trust), Massie, E, McGivern, K, Rutherford, D, Wilson, M (Forth Valley Royal Hospital), Hardie J, Kazzaz S (Frimley Health Nhs Ft - Frimley Park), Handa, S, Kaushal, M, Kler, A, Patel, P, Redfern, J, Tezas, S (Furness General Hospital), Aawsaj, Y, Amonkar, S, Blackwell, L, Blake, D, Carter, J, Emerson, H, Fisher, A, Katory, M, Korompelis, P, McCormick, W, Mustafa, A, Pearce, L, Ratnavelu, N, Reehal, R (Gateshead Health Nhs Foundation Trust), Kretzmer, L, Lalou, L, Manku, B, Parwaiz, I, Stafford, J (George Eliot Hospital), Abdelkarim, M, Asqalan, A, Gala, T, Ibrahim, S, Maw, A, Mithany, R, Morgan, R, Sundaram Venkatesan, G (Glan Clwyd Hospital), Ang, K, Caruana, Ej, Chowdhry, Mf, Mohammad, A, Nakas, A, Rathinam, S (Glenfield Hospital), Boal, M, Brown, O, Dwerryhouse, S, Higgs, S, Vallance, A (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital), Boyd, E, Irvine, V, Kirk, A (Golden Jubilee National Hospital), Bakolas, G, Boulton, A, Chandock, A, Khan, T, Kumar, M (Good Hope Hospital), Agoston, P, Bill&#232, Challacombe, B, Fraser, S, Harrison-Phipps, K, King, J, Mehra, G, Mills, L, Najdy, M, Nath, R, Okiror, L, Pilling, J, Rizzo, V, Routledge, T, Sayasneh, A, Stroman, L, Wali, A (Guy&#8217, Fehervari, M, Fotopoulou, C, Habib, N, Hamrang-Yousefi, S, Jawad, Z, Jiao, L, Pai, M, Ploski, J, Rajagopal, P, Saso, S, Sodergren, M, Spalding, D (Hammersmith Hospital), Laws, S (Hampshire Hospitals Nhs Trust), Hardie C, McNaught C (Harrogate District Hospital), Alam, R, Budacan, A, Cahill, J, Kalkat, M, Karandikar, S, Kenyon, L, Naumann, D, Patel, A (Heartlands Hospital), Ayorinde, J, Chase, T, Cuming, T, Ghanbari, A, Humphreys, L, Tayeh, S (Homerton University Hospital), Aboelkassem Ibrahim, A, Bichoo, R, Cao, H, Chai, Akw, Choudhury, J, Evans, C, Fitzjohn, H, Ikram, H, Langstroth, M, Loubani, M, McMillan, A, Nazir, S, Qadri, Ssa, Robinson, A, Ross, E, Sehgal, T, Wilkins, A (Hull University Teaching Hospitals Nhs Trust), Dixon, J, Dunning, J, Freystaetter, K, Jha, M, Lester, S, Madhavan, A, Thulasiraman, Sv, Viswanath, Y (James Cook University Hospital), Curl-Roper, T, Delimpalta, C, Liao, Ccl, Velchuru, V, Westwood, E (James Paget Univeristy Nhs Foundation Trust Hospital), Belcher, E, Bond-Smith, G, Chidambaram, S, Di Chiara, F, Fasanmade, K, Fraser, L, Fu, H, Ganau, M, Gore, S, Graystone, J, Jeyaretna, D, Khatkar, H, Lami, M, Maher, M, Mastoridis, S, Mihai, R, Piper, R, Prabhu, S, Risk, Obf, Selbong, U, Shah, K, Smillie, R, Soleymani majd, H, Sravanam, S, Stavroulias, D, Tebala, Gd, Vatish, M, Verberne, C, Wallwork, K, Winter, S (John Radcliffe Hospital), Bhatti, Mi, Boyd-Carson, H, Elsey, E, Gemmill, E, Herrod, P, Jibreel, M, Lenzi, E, Saafan, T, Sapre, D, Sian, T, Watson, N (King&#8217, s Mill Hospital), Athanasiou, A, Bourke, G, Bradshaw, L, Brunelli, A, Burke, J, Coe, P, Costigan, F, Elkadi, H, Ho, M, Johnstone, J, Kanatas, A, Kantola, V, Kaufmann, A, Laios, A, Lam, S, MacInnes, E, Munot, S, Nahm, C, Otify, M, Pompili, C, Smith, I, Theophilou, G, Toogood, G, Wade, R, Ward, D, West, C (Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust), Annamalai, S, Ashmore, C, Boddy, A, Hossain, T, Kourdouli, A (Leicester Royal Infirmary), Gvaramadze, A, Jibril, A, Prusty, L, Thekkinkattil, D (Lincoln County Hospital), Harky A, Shackcloth M (Liverpool Heart And Chest Hospital), Askari, A, Cirocchi, N, Kudchadkar, S, Patel, K, Sagar, J, Shaw, S, Talwar, R (Luton And Dunstable University Hospital), Abdalla, M, Edmondson, R, Ismail, O, Jones, D, Newton, K, Stylianides, N (Manchester Royal Infirmary), Aderombi, A, Andaleeb, U, Bajomo, O, Beatson, K, Garrett, W, Mehmood, M, V (Medway Hospital), Ng, Al-Habsi, R, Divya, Gs, Keeler, B (Milton Keynes University Hospital), Al- Sarireh, B, Egan, R, Harries, R, Henry, A, Kittur, M, Li, Z, Parkins, K, Soliman, F, Spencer, N, Thompson, D (Morriston Hospital Swansea), Burgess, C, Gemmell, C, Grieco, C, Hollyman, M, Hunt, L, Morrison, J, Ojha, S, Ryan, N (Musgrove Park Hospital), Abbadessa, F, Barnard, S, Dawe, N, Hammond, J, Mahmoud Ali, F, McPherson, I, Mellor, C, Moir, J, Pandanaboyana, S, Powell, J, Rai, B, Roy, C, Sachdeva, A, Saleh, C, Tingle, S, Williams T (Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals Nhs Foundation Trust., ), Manickavasagam, J, McDonald, C, McGrath, N, McSorley, N, Ragupathy, K, Ramsay, L, Solth, A (Ninewells Hospital), Kakisi, O, Seebah, K, Shaikh, I, Sreedharan, L, Youssef, M (Norfolk And Norwich University Hospital), Shah, J (North Manchester General Hospital), Ameerally, P (Northampton General Hospital), McLarty, N, Mills, S, Shenfine, A (Northumbria Nhs Hospital Trust), Sahnan, K (Northwick Park Hospital), Abu, J, Addae-Boateng, E, Bratt, D, Brock, L, Burnside, N, Cadwell-Sneath, S, Gajjar, K, Gan, C, Grundy, C, Hallam, K, Hassell, K, Hawari, M, Joshi, A, Khout, H, Konstantinidi, K, Lee, Rxn, Nunns, D, Schiemer, R, Walton, T, Weaver, H, Whisker, L, Williamson, K (Nottingham City Hospital), McVeigh, J, Myatt, R, Williams MA (Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre), Kaur, R, Leung, E, Sundar, S (Pan- Birmingham Gynaecological Cancer Centre), Michel, M, Patil, S, Ravindran, S, Sarveswaran, J, Scott, L (Pinderfields Hospital), Edmond M, King E (Poole Hospital), Almond, M, Bhangu, A, Breik, O, Cato, Ld, Desai, A, Ford, S, Griffiths, E, Idle, M, Kamal, M, Kisiel, A, Kulkarni, R, Mak, Jkc, Martin, T, Nankivell, P, Parente, A, Parmar, S, Pathanki, Am, Phelan, L, Praveen, P, Saeed, S, Sharma, N, Singh, J, Tirotta, F, Vijayan, D (Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham), Geddes, A, McCaul, J, McMahon, J (Queen Elizabeth University Hospital), Khan, Ah, Khan, F, Mansuri, A, Mukherjee, S, Sarigul, M, Singh, S, Tan, Kl, Woodham, A (Queen&#8217, s Hospital Romford), Adiamah, A, Brewer, H, Chowdhury, A, Evans, J, Humes, D, Jackman, J, Koh, A, Lewis-Lloyd, C, Oyende, O, Reilly, J, Worku, D (Queens Medical Centre), Cool, P, Cribb, G, Shepherd, K (Robert Jones And Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital), Bisset C, Moug S (Royal Alexandra Hospital), Elson, N, Faulkner, G, Saleh, P, Underwood, C (Royal Bolton Hospital), Brixton, G, Findlay, L, Klatte, T, Majkowska, A, Manson, J, Potter, R (Royal Bournemouth Hospital), Bhalla, A, Chia, Z, Daliya, P, Goyal, A, Grimley, E, Hamad, A, Kumar, A, Malcolm, Fl, Theophilidou, E (Royal Derby Hospital), Bowden, J, Campain, N, Daniels, I, Fowler, G, John, J, Massey, L, McDermott, F, McGrath, J, McLennan, A, Ng, M, Pascoe, J, Rajaretnam, N (Royal Devon And Exeter Hospital), Bulathsinhala, S, Davidson, B, Fusai, G, Hidalgo Salinas, C, Machairas, N, Pissanou, T, Pollok, Jm, Raptis, Da, Soggiu, F, Tzerbinis, H, Xyda SE (Royal Free Hospital), Beamish, A, Davies, E, Foulkes, R, Magowan, D, Nassa, H, Ooi, R, Price, C, Smith, L, Solari, F, Tang, A, Williams, G (Royal Gwent Hospital), Al-Tamimi, Y, Bacon, A, Beasley, N, Chew, D, Crank, M, Ilenkovan, N, Macdonald, M, Narice, B, Rominiyi, O, Thompson, A, Varley, I (Royal Hallamshire Hospital), Drake, T, Harrison, E, Linder, G, Mayes, J, McGregor, R, Skipworth, R, Zamvar, V (Royal Infirmary Of Edinburgh), Hawkin, P, Raymond, T, Ryska, O (Royal Lancaster Infirmary), Baron, R, Dunne, D, Gahunia, S, Halloran, C, Howes, N, McKinney, R, McNicol, F, Russ, J, Szatmary, P, Tan, Jr, Thomas, A, Whelan, P (Royal Liverpool University Hospital), Anzak, A, Banerjee, A, Fuwa, O, Hughes, F, Jayasinghe, Jd, Knowles, C, Kocher, H, Leal Silva, I, Ledesma, Fs, Minicozzi, A, Navaratne, L, Rahman, R, Ramamoorthy, R, Sohrabi, C, Thaha, M, Thakur, B, Venn, M, Yip, V (Royal London Hospital), Baumber R, Parry J (Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital), Evans, S, Jeys, L, Morris, G, Parry, M, Stevenson, J (Royal Orthopaedic Hospital), Ahmadi, N, Aresu, G, Barrett-Brown, Zm, Coonar, As, Durio Yates, H, Gearon, D, Hogan, J, King, M, Peryt, A, Pradeep, Is, Smith, C (Royal Papworth Hospital), Adishesh, M, Atherton, R, Baxter, K, Brocklehurst, M, Chaudhury, M, Krishnamohan, N, McAleer, J, Owens, G, Parkin, E, Patkar, P, Phang, I (Royal Preston Hospital), Aladeojebi, A, Ali, M, Barmayehvar, B, Gaunt, A, Gowda, M, Halliday, E, Kitchen, M, Mansour, F, Thomas, M, Zakai, D (Royal Stoke University Hospital), Abbassi-Ghadi, N, Assalaarachchi, H, Currie, A, Flavin, M, Frampton, A, Hague, M, Hammer, C, Hopper, J, Horsnell, J, Humphries, S, Kamocka, A, Madhuri, Tk, Preston, S, Singh, P, Stebbing, J, Tailor, A, Walker, D (Royal Surrey County Hospital), Aljanadi, F, Jones, M, Mhandu, P, Donnell, C, Turkington, R (Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast), Al-Ishaq, Z, Bhasin, S, Bodla, As, Burahee, A, Crichton, A, Fossett, R, Pigadas, N, Rahman, E, Snee, D, Vidya, R, Yassin, N (Royal Wolverhampton Nhs Trust), Fountain, D, Hasan, Mt, Karabatsou, K, Laurente, R, Pathmanaban, O (Salford Royal Hospital), Al-mukhtar, A, Edwards, J, Giblin, A, Kelty, C, Lee, M, Lye, G, Newman, T, Sharkey, A, Steele, C, Sureshkumar Shah, N, Whitehall, E (Sheffield Teaching Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust), Athwal, R, Baker, A, Jones, L, Konstantinou, C, Ramcharan, S, Vatish, J, Wilkin, R (South Warwickshire Nhs Foundation Trust), Ethunandan, M, Sekhon, Gk, Shields, H, Singh, R, Wensley, F (Southampton General Hospital), Lawday S, Lyons A (Southmead Hospital), Abbott, T, Anwar, S, Ghufoor, K, Sohrabi, C (St Bartholomew&#8217, s Hospital (Non-Cardiac Unit)), Chung, E, Hagger, R, Hainsworth, A, Karim, A, Owen, H, Ramwell, A, Williams, K (St George&#8217, Baker, C, Davies, A, Gossage, J, Kelly, M, Knight, W (St Thomas&#8217, Hospital), Hall, J (Stepping Hill Hospital), Harris, G, James, G, Kang, C, Lin, Dj, Rajgor, Ad, Royle, T, Scurrah, R, Steel, B, Watson LJ (Sunderland Royal Hospital), Choi, D, Hutchison, R, Jain, A, Luoma, V, Marcus, H, May, R, Menon, A, Pramodana, B, Webber, L (The National Hospital For Neurology And Neurosurgery), Aneke, Ia, Asaad, P, Brown, B, Collis, J, Duff, S, Khan, A, Moura, F, Wadham, B, Warburton, H (The University Hospital Of South Manchester), Elmoslemany, T, Jenkinson, M, Millward, C, Zakaria, R (The Walton Centre Nhs Foundation Trust), Mccluney, S, Parmar, C, Shah, S (The Whittington Hospital), Allison, J, Babar, Ms, Collard, B, Goodrum, S, Lau, K, Patel, A, Scott, R, Thomas, E, Whitmore, H (Torbay And South Devon Nhs Trust), Balasubramaniam, D, Jayasankar, B, Kapoor, S, Ramachandran, A (Tunbridge Wells Hospital), Elhamshary, A, Imam, Smb, Kapriniotis, K, Kasivisvanathan, V, Lindsay, J, Rakhshani-Moghadam, S (University College London Hospital At Westmoreland Street), Beech, N, 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T., Annessi, V., Zizzo, M., Grossi, U., Novello, S., Romano, M., Rossi, S., Zanus, G., Esposito, G., Frongia, F., Pisanu, A., Podda, M., Belluco, C., Lauretta, A., Montori, G., Moras, L., Olivieri, M., Bussu, F., Carta, A. G., Cossu, M. L., Cottu, P., Fancellu, A., Feo, C. F., Ginesu, G. C., Giuliani, G., Madonia, M., Perra, T., Piras, A., Porcu, A., Rizzo, D., Scanu, A. M., Tedde, A., Tedde, M., Delrio, P., Rega, D., Badalamenti, G., Campisi, G., Cordova, A., Franza, M., Maniaci, G., Rinaldi, G., Toia, F., Calabro, M., Farnesi, F., Lunghi, E. G., Muratore, A., Pipitone Federico, N. S., Bambina, F., D'Andrea, G., Familiari, P., Picotti, V., De Palma, G., Luglio, G., Pagano, G., Tropeano, F. P., Baldari, L., Beltramini, G. A., Boni, L., Cassinotti, E., Gianni, A., Pignataro, L., Torretta, S., Abatini, C., Baia, M., Biasoni, D., Bogani, G., Cadenelli, P., Cioffi, S. P. B., Citterio, D., Comini, L. V., Cosimelli, M., Folli, S., Gennaro, M., Giannini, L., Gronchi, A., Guaglio, M., Macchi, A., Martinelli, F., Mazzaferro, V., Mosca, A., Pasquali, S., Piazza, C., Raspagliesi, F., Rolli, L., Salvioni, R., Sarpietro, G., Sarre, C., Sorrentino, L., Agnes, A., Alfieri, S., Belia, F., Biondi, A., Cozza, V., D'Amore, A., D'Ugo, D., De Simone, V., Fagotti, A., Gasparini, G., Gordini, L., Litta, F., Lombardi, C. P., Lorenzon, L., Marra, A. A., Marzi, F., Moro, A., Parello, A., Perrone, E., Persiani, R., Ratto, C., Rosa, F., Saponaro, G., Scambia, G., Scrima, O., Sganga, G., Tudisco, R., Belli, A., Granata, V., Izzo, F., Palaia, R., Patrone, R., Carrano, F. M., Carvello, M. M., De Virgilio, A., Di Candido, F., Ferreli, F., Gaino, F., Mercante, G., Rossi, V., Spinelli, A., Spriano, G., Donati, D. M., Frisoni, T., Palmerini, E., Aprile, A., Barra, F., Batistotti, P., Ferrero, S., Fregatti, P., Scabini, S., Sparavigna, M., Asti, E., Bernardi, D., Bonavina, L., Lovece, A., Adamoli, L., Ansarin, M., Cenciarelli, S., Chu, F., De Berardinis, R., Fumagalli Romario, U., Mastrilli, F., Pietrobon, G., Tagliabue, M., Badellino, E., Ferrero, A., Massobrio, R., De Manzoni Garberini, A., Federico, P., Maida, P., Marra, E., Marte, G., Petrillo, A., Tammaro, T., Tufo, A., Berselli, M., Borroni, G., Cocozza, E., Conti, L., Desio, M., Livraghi, L., Quintodei, V., Rizzi, A., Zullo, A., Baldi, C., Corbellini, C., Sampietro, G. M., Cellerino, P., Baldini, E., Capelli, P., Isolani, S. M., Ribolla, M., Bondurri, A., Colombo, F., Ferrario, L., Guerci, C., Maffioli, A., Armao, T., Ballabio, M., Bisagni, P., Gagliano, A., Longhi, M., Madonini, M., Pizzini, P., Baietti, A. M., Biasini, M., Maremonti, P., Neri, F., Prucher, G. M., Ricci, S., Ruggiero, F., Zarabini, A. G., Barmasse, R., Mochet, S., Usai, A., Incollingo, P., Mancini, S., Marino Cosentino, L., Sagnotta, A., Fruscio, R., Grassi, T., Nespoli, L. C., Tamini, N., Anastasi, A., Bartalucci, B., Bellacci, A., Canonico, G., Capezzuoli, L., Di Martino, C., Ipponi, P., Linari, C., Montelatici, M., Nelli, T., Spagni, G., Tirloni, L., Vitali, A., Abate, E., Casati, M., Casiraghi, T., Laface, L., Schiavo, M., Arminio, A., Cotoia, A., Lizzi, V., Vovola, F., Vergari, R., D'Ugo, S., Depalma, N., Spampinato, M. G., Bartolucci, P., Brachini, G., Bruzzaniti, P., Chiappini, A., Chiarella, V., Ciccarone, F., Cicerchia, P. M., Cirillo, B., De Toma, G., Di bartolomeo, A., Fiori, E., Fonsi, G. B., Franco, G., Frati, A., Giugliano, M., Iannone, I., La Torre, F., Lapolla, P., Leonardo, C., Marruzzo, G., Meneghini, S., Mingoli, A., Ribuffo, D., Salvati, M., Santoro, A., Sapienza, P., Scafa, A. K., Simonelli, L., Zambon, M., Capolupo, G. T., Carannante, F., Caricato, M., Masciana, G., Mazzotta, E., Gattolin, A., Migliore, M., Rimonda, R., Sasia, D., Travaglio, E., Cervellera, M., Gori, A., Sartarelli, L., Tonini, V., Giacometti, M., Zonta, S., Chessa, A., Fiorini, A., Norcini, C., Colletti, G., Confalonieri, M., Costanzi, A., Frattaruolo, C., Mari, G., Monteleone, M., Bandiera, A., Bocciolone, L., Bonavina, G., Candiani, M., Candotti, G., De Nardi, P., Gagliardi, F., Medone, M., Mortini, P., Negri, G., Parise, P., Piloni, M., Sileri, P., Vignali, A., Belvedere, A., Bernante, P., Bertoglio, P., Boussedra, S., Brunocilla, E., Cipriani, R., Cisternino, G., De Crescenzo, E., De Iaco, P., Dondi, G., Frio, F., Jovine, E., Mineo Bianchi, F., Neri, J., Parlanti, D., Perrone, A. M., Pezzuto, A. P., Pignatti, M., Pinto, V., Poggioli, G., Ravaioli, M., Rottoli, M., Schiavina, R., Serenari, M., Serra, M., Solli, P., Taffurelli, M., Tanzanu, M., Tesei, M., Violante, T., Zanotti, S., Borghi, F., Cianflocca, D., Di Maria Grimaldi, S., Gelarda, E., Geretto, P., Giraudo, G., Giuffrida, M. C., Marano, A., Palagi, S., Pellegrino, L., Peluso, C., Testa, V., Agresta, F., Prando, D., Zese, M., Aquila, F., Gambacciani, C., Lippa, L., Pieri, F., Santonocito, O. S., Armatura, G., Bertelli, G., Frena, A., Marinello, P., Notte, F., Patauner, S., Scotton, G., Fulginiti, S. F., Gallo, G., Sammarco, G., Vescio, G., Balercia, P., Catarzi, L., Consorti, G., Di Marzo, F., Fontana, T., Daiko, H., Ishikawa, M., Ishiyama, K., Iwata, S., Kanematsu, K., Kanemitsu, Y., Kato, T., Kawai, A., Kobayashi, E., Kobayashi Kato, M., Moritani, K., Nakatani, F., Oguma, J., Tanase, Y., Uno, M., Al Abdallah, M., Ayasra, F., Ayasra, Y., Qasem, A., Abu Za'nouneh, F. 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P., Peyroteo, M., Videira, J. F., Escobar, P., Maldonado Santiago, M., Kassir, R., Sauvat, F., Bezede, C., Chitul, A., Ciofic, E., Cristian, D., Grama, F., Pirtea, L., Secosan, C., Bonci, E., Gata, V., Titu, S., Ginghina, O., Iordache, N., Iosifescu, R. V., Garmanova, T., Kazachenko, E., Markaryan, D., Rodimov, S., Tsarkov, P., Tulina, I., Litvina, Y., Provozina, A., Agapov, M., Galliamov, E., Kakotkin, V., Kubyshkin, V., Alshahrani, M., Alsharif, F., Eskander, M., Al Raddadi, R., Majrashi, S., Mashat, A., Akeel, N., Alharthi, M., Aljiffry, M., Basendowah, M., Farsi, A., Ghunaim, M., Khoja, A., Maghrabi, A., Malibary, N., Nassif, M., Nawawi, A., Saleem, A., Samkari, A., Trabulsi, N., Al Awwad, S., Alghamdi, M., Alnumani, T., Nasser, M., Said bayazeed, A., Alhefdhi, A., Almalik, O., Alomair, A., Alotaibi, N., Alresaini, F., Alsalamah, R., Alsobhi, S., Mahasin, Z., Othman, E., Velagapudi, S., Ghedan, S., Alharthi, R., Awad, S., Sharara, M., Abdelrahman, S., Althobaiti, W., Al Habes, H., Alamri, A., Alkarak, S., Alqannas, M., Alyami, M., Alzamanan, M., Cortes Guiral, D., Elawad, A., Alaamer, O., Alriyees, L., Alselaim, N., Abdulkareem, A., Ajlan, A., Akkour, K., Al-Habib, A., Al-Khayal, K., Alatar, A., Alburakan, A., Alhalal, H., Alhassan, B., Alhassan, N., Alobeed, O., Alsaif, A., Alsaif, F., Alshammari, S., Alshaygy, I., Barry, M., Bin Nasser, A., Bin Traiki, T., Bokhari, A., Elwatidy, S., Helmi, H., Madkhali, A., Nouh, T., Rabah, P. D., Zubaidi, A., Paunovic, I., Slijepcevic, N., Aleksic, L., Antic, A., Barisic, G., Ceranic, M., Galun, D., Grubac, Z., Jelenkovic, J., Kecmanovic, D., Kmezic, S., Knezevic, D., Krivokapic, Z., Latincic, S., Markovic, V., Matic, S., Miladinov, M., Pavlov, M., Pejovic, I., Radenkovic, D., Tadic, B., Vasljevic, J., Velickovic, D., Zivanovic, M., Perovic, M., Srbinovic, L., Andrijasevic, S., Bozanovic, T., Cerovic Popovic, R., Dokic, M., Janjic, T., Jeremic, K., Kadija, S., Ladjevic Likic, I., Mirkovic, L., Pantovic, S., Pilic, I., Radojevic, M., Stefanovic, A., Vidakovic, S., Vilendecic, Z., Antic, S., Dunderovic, D., Jelovac, D., Jezdic, Z., Konstantinovic, V., Kotlar, B., Kuzmanovic, C., Lazic, M., Petrovic, M., Popovic, F., Pucar, A., Romic, M., Sumrak, S., Vujanac, V., Bascarevic, V., Bogdanovic, I., Grujicic, D., Ilic, R., Milicevic, M., Milisavljevic, F., Miljkovic, A., Paunovic, A., Scepanovic, V., Stanimirovic, A., Todorovic, M., Jotic, A., Milovanovic, J., Trivic, A., Bumbasirevic, U., Dzamic, Z., Kajmakovic, B., Prijovic, N., Zivkovic, M., Buta, M., Cvetkovic, A., Djurisic, I., Gacic, S., Goran, M., Inic, Z., Jeftic, N., Jevric, M., Jokic, V., Markovic, I., Milanovic, M., Nikolic, S., Pejnovic, L., Savkovic, N., Spurnic, I., Stevic, D., Stojiljkovic, D., Vucic, N., Zegarac, M., Karamarkovic, A., Kenic, M., Kovacevic, B., Krdzic, I., Milutinovic, V., Lieske, B., Galis, B., Simko, K., Almgla, N., Bernon, M., Boutall, A., Cairncross, L., Herman, A., Hilton, T., Jonas, E., Kloppers, C., Malherbe, F., Mugla, W., Nel, D., Rayamajhi, S., Van Wyngaard, T., Vogel, J., Castano-Leon, A. M., Delgado Fernandez, J., Eiriz Fernandez, C., Espino Segura-Illa, M., Esteban Sinovas, O., Garcia Perez, D., Gomez, P., Jimenez-Roldan, L., Lagares, A., Moreno-Gomez, L., Paredes, I., Perez Nunez, A., Sanchez Aniceto, G., Santas, M., Fernandez Rodriguez, P., Paniagua Garcia Senorans, M., Sanchez-Santos, R., Vigorita, V., Acrich, E., Baena Sanfeliu, E., Barrios, O., Golda, T., Santanach, C., Serrano-Navidad, M., Sorribas Grifell, M., Vives, R. V., Escola, D., Jimenez, A., Cayetano Paniagua, L., Gomez Fernandez, L., Artigues, E., Bernal-Sprekelsen, J. C., Catala Bauset, J. C., Collera, P., Diaz Del Gobbo, R., Farre Font, R., Flores Clotet, R., Gomez Diaz, C. J., Guardia, N., Guariglia, C. A., Osorio, A., Sanchez Jimenez, R., Sanchon, L., Soto Montesinos, C., Albi Martin, B., Garcia Villayzan, J. E., Alonso-Lamberti, L., Assaf, M., Baeza Pintado, N., Carabias, A., Garcia-Quijada, J., Huertas Fernandez, M. A., Jimenez Miramon, J., Jimenez, V., Jover, J. M., Landeo Aguero, S. 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I., Ramos-Martin, P., Rubio-Perez, I., Saavedra, J., Sanchez-Mendez, J. I., Siegrist Ridruejo, J., Urbieta, A., Zapardiel, I., Cantalejo diaz, M., De Miguel Ardevines, M. D. C., Duque-Mallen, V., Gascon Ferrer, I., Gonzalez-Nicolas Trebol, M. T., Gracia-Roche, C., Herrero Lopez, M., Jariod Ferrer, U. M., Lanzon, A., Martinez German, A., Matute, M., Redondo, C., Sanchez Fuentes, N., Sanchez-Rubio, M., Santero-Ramirez, M. S., Saudi, S., Simon Sanz, M. V., Uson-Bouthelier, T., Blazquez Martin, A., Diez Alonso, M., Garcia Rico, E., Garcia-Loarte Gomez, E., Garcia-Moreno Nisa, F., Gutierrez Calvo, A., Hernandez, P., Lasa, I., Mendoza-Moreno, F., Morales Palacios, N., Ovejero Merino, E., Vera Mansilla, C., Acebes Garcia, F., Bailon, M., Bueno Canones, A. D., Choolani Bhojwani, E., Marcos-Santos, P., Miguel, T., Pacheco Sanchez, D., Perez-Saborido, B., Sanchez Gonzalez, J., Tejero-Pintor, F. J., Alconchel, F., Conesa, A., Gil Martinez, J., Gutierrez Fernandez, A. I., Lopez Abad, A., Nicolas-Lopez, T., Ramirez Romero, P., Roca Calvo, M. J., Rodrigues, K., Ruiz Manzanera, J. J., Soriano, A. I., Cano, A., Capitan-Morales, L., Cintas Catena, J., Gomez-Rosado, J., Oliva Mompean, F., Perez Sanchez, M. A., Rio Lafuente, F. D., Torres Arcos, C., Valdes-Hernandez, J., Cholewa, H., Domingo, S., Frasson, M., Lago, V., Marina Martin, T., Martinez Chicote, C., Sancho-Muriel, J., Landaluce-Olavarria, A., Lecumberri, D., Abad Gurumeta, A., Abad-Motos, A., Martinez-Hurtado, E., Ripolles-Melchor, J., Ruiz Escobar, A., Cuadrado-Garcia, A., Garcia-Sancho Tellez, L., Heras Aznar, J., Mate, P., Ortega Vazquez, I., Picardo, A. L., Rojo Lopez, J. A., Sanchez Cabezudo Noguera, F., Serralta De Colsa, D., Anchuelo Latorre, J., Cagigas Fernandez, C., Caina Ruiz, R., Gomez Ruiz, M., Hernanz, F., Jimeno Fraile, J., Martinez-Perez, P., Poch, C., Santarrufina Martinez, S., Valbuena Jabares, V., Moliner-Sanchez, C., Pingarron-Martin, L., Rey-Biel, J., Ruiz Martin, I., Blas Laina, J. L., Cros, B., Escartin, J., Garcia Egea, J., Nogues, A., Talal El-Abur, I., Yanez, C., Cagigal Ortega, E. P., Cervera, I., Diaz Pena, P., Elena, G. D. C. R., Enjuto, D., Fernandez Bernabe, P., Garces Garcia, R., Gonzalez, J., Hernandez, I., Herrera-Merino, N., Marqueta De Salas, M., Martinez Pascual, P., Perez Gonzalez, M., Ramos Bonilla, A., Rodriguez Gomez, L., Bescos, C., Blanco-Colino, R., Brana, I., Caimari, B., De Pablo Garcia-Cuenca, A., Duran-Valles, F., Espin-Basany, E., Giralt Lopez De Sagredo, J., Pamias, J., Pellino, G., Prat, N., Pujol Pina, R., Saez Barba, M., Arulanantham, A., Bandara, G. B. K., Jayarajah, U., Ravindrakumar, S., Rodrigo, V. S., Srishankar, S., Ali Karar, A. A., Elbe, P., Lindqvist, E. K., Taflin, H., Alga, A., Heinius, G., Nordberg, M., Pieniowski, E., Gkekas, I., Lofgren, N., Rutegard, M., Sund, M., Arigoni, M., Bernasconi, M., Christoforidis, D., Di Giuseppe, M., La Regina, D., Mongelli, F., Chevallay, M., Dwidar, O., Gialamas, E., Sauvain, M., Klenke, F., Kollar, A., Kurze, C., Adamina, M., Bachler, T., Crugnale, A. S., Giardini, M., Guglielmetti, L., Peros, G., Solimene, F., Aghayeva, A., Hamzaoglu, I., Sahin, I., Akaydin, E., Aliyeva, Z., Aytac, E., Baca, B., Dulgeroglu, O., Ozben, V., Ozmen, B. B., Uras, C., Arikan, A. E., Bilgin, I. A., Bozkirli, B., Ceyhan, G. O., Kara, H., Karahasanoglu, T., Celik, H., Meydanli, M. M., Akilli, H., Ayhan, A., Kuscu, E., Onan, M. A., Akgor, U., Dincer, H. A., Erol, T., Gultekin, M., Orhan, N., Ozgul, N., Salman, M. C., Soyak, B., Alhamed, A., Ergun, S., Ozcelik, M. F., Sanli, A. N., Uludag, S. S., Velidedeoglu, M., Zengin, A. K., Bozkurt, M. A., Kara, Y., Kocatas, A., Cimenoglu, B., Demirhan, R., Saracoglu, K., Azamat, I. F., Balik, E., Bugra, D., Giray, B., Kulle, C. B., Taskiran, C., Vatansever, D., Gozal, K., Guler, S. A., Koken, H., Tatar, O. C., Utkan, N. Z., Yildirim, A., Yuksel, E., Akin, E., Altintoprak, F., Bayhan, Z., Cakmak, G., Capoglu, R., Celebi, F., Demir, H., Dikicier, E., Firat, N., Gonullu, E., Kamburoglu, M. B., Kocer, B., Kucuk, I. F., Mantoglu, B., Colak, E., Kucuk, G. O., Uyanik, M. S., Goksoy, B., Bozkurt, E., Citgez, B., Mihmanli, M., Tanal, M., Yetkin, G., Akalin, M., Arican, C., Avci, E. K., Aydin, C., Demirli Atici, S., Emiroglu, M., Kaya, T., Kebabci, E., Kilinc, G., Kirmizi, Y., Ogucu, H., Salimoglu, S., Sert, I., Tugmen, C., Tuncer, K., Uslu, G., Yesilyurt, D., Karaman, E., Kolusari, A., Yildiz, A., Benson, O., Lule, H., Agilinko, J., Ahmeidat, A., Barabasz, M., Bekheit, M., Cheung, L. K., Colloc, T., Cymes, W., Elhusseini, M., Gradinariu, G., Hannah, A., Kamera, B. S., Mignot, G., Shaikh, S., Sharma, P., Abu-Nayla, I., Agrawal, A., Al-Mohammad, A., Ali, S., Ashcroft, J., Azizi, A., Baker, O., Balakrishnan, A., Byrne, M., Colquhoun, A., Cotter, A., Coughlin, P., Davies, R. J., Durrani, A., Elshaer, M., Fordington, S., Forouhi, P., Georgiades, F., Grimes, H., Habeeb, A., Hudson, V., Hutchinson, P., Irune, E., Jah, A., Khan, D. Z., Kyriacou, H., Lamb, B., Liau, S., Luke, L., Mahmoud, R., Mannion, R., Masterson, L., Mitrofan, C. G., Mohan, M., Morris, A., Murphy, S., O'Neill, R., Price, S., Pushpa-Rajah, J., Raby-Smith, W., Ramzi, J., Rooney, S., Santarius, T., Singh, A., Tan, X. S., Townson, A., Tweedle, E., Walker, C., Waseem, S., Yordanov, S., Jones, T., Kattakayam, A., Loh, C., Lunevicius, R., Pringle, S., Schache, A., Sheel, A., Rossborough, C., Angelou, D., Choynowski, M., Mcaree, B., Mccanny, A., Neely, D., Tutoveanu, G., Ahad, S., De La Cruz Monroy, M. F. I., Mosley, F., Oktseloglou, V., Alanbuki, A., Patel, M., Shabana, A., Perera, E., Raveendran, D., Ravi-Shankar, K., Thiruchelvam, J., Arrowsmith, L., Campbell, W., Grove, T., Kontovounisios, C., Warren, O., Rolland, P., Aggarwal, A., Brown, S., Jelley, C., Neal, N., Clifford, R., Eardley, N., Krishnan, E., Manu, N., Martin, E., Roy Mahapatra, S., Serevina, O. L., Smith, C., Vimalachandran, D., Bordenave, M., Houston, R., Putnam, G., Robson, A., Tustin, H., Emslie, K., Labib, P. L., Marchbank, A., Miller, D., Minto, G., Natale, J., Nwinee, H., Panahi, P., Rogers, L., Abubakar, A., Akhter Rahman, M. M., Ko, K. Y. K., O'Brien, H., Sasapu, K., Woodun, H., Inglis, R., Ng, H. J., De Gea Rico, A., Ghazali, N., Lambert, J., Markose, G., Math, S., Sarantitis, I., Shrestha, D., Sultana, A., Taggarsi, M., Timbrell, S., Vaz, O. P., Vitone, L., Day, A., Dent, H., Fahim, M., Waheed, S., Hunt, A., Laskar, N., Gupta, A., Steinke, J., Thrumurthy, S., Massie, E., Mcgivern, K., Rutherford, D., Wilson, M., Hardie, J., Kazzaz, S., Handa, S., Kaushal, M., Kler, A., Patel, P., Redfern, J., Tezas, S., Aawsaj, Y., Amonkar, S., Blackwell, L., Blake, D., Carter, J., Emerson, H., Fisher, A., Katory, M., Korompelis, P., Mccormick, W., Mustafa, A., Pearce, L., Ratnavelu, N., Reehal, R., Kretzmer, L., Lalou, L., Manku, B., Parwaiz, I., Stafford, J., Abdelkarim, M., Asqalan, A., Gala, T., Ibrahim, S., Maw, A., Mithany, R., Morgan, R., Sundaram Venkatesan, G., Ang, K., Caruana, E. J., Chowdhry, M. F., Mohammad, A., Nakas, A., Rathinam, S., Boal, M., Brown, O., Dwerryhouse, S., Higgs, S., Vallance, A., Boyd, E., Irvine, V., Kirk, A., Bakolas, G., Boulton, A., Chandock, A., Khan, T., Kumar, M., Agoston, P., Bille, A., Challacombe, B., Fraser, S., Harrison-Phipps, K., King, J., Mehra, G., Mills, L., Najdy, M., Nath, R., Okiror, L., Pilling, J., Rizzo, V., Routledge, T., Sayasneh, A., Stroman, L., Wali, A., Fehervari, M., Fotopoulou, C., Habib, N., Hamrang-Yousefi, S., Jawad, Z., Jiao, L., Pai, M., Ploski, J., Rajagopal, P., Saso, S., Sodergren, M., Spalding, D., Laws, S., Hardie, C., Mcnaught, C., Alam, R., Budacan, A., Cahill, J., Kalkat, M., Karandikar, S., Kenyon, L., Naumann, D., Patel, A., Ayorinde, J., Chase, T., Cuming, T., Ghanbari, A., Humphreys, L., Tayeh, S., Aboelkassem Ibrahim, A., Bichoo, R., Cao, H., Chai, A. K. W., Choudhury, J., Evans, C., Fitzjohn, H., Ikram, H., Langstroth, M., Loubani, M., Mcmillan, A., Nazir, S., Qadri, S. S. A., Robinson, A., Ross, E., Sehgal, T., Wilkins, A., Dixon, J., Dunning, J., Freystaetter, K., Jha, M., Lester, S., Madhavan, A., Thulasiraman, S. V., Viswanath, Y., Curl-Roper, T., Delimpalta, C., Liao, C. C. L., Velchuru, V., Westwood, E., Belcher, E., Bond-Smith, G., Chidambaram, S., Di Chiara, F., Fasanmade, K., Fraser, L., Fu, H., Ganau, M., Gore, S., Graystone, J., Jeyaretna, D., Khatkar, H., Lami, M., Maher, M., Mastoridis, S., Mihai, R., Piper, R., Prabhu, S., Risk, O. B. F., Selbong, U., Shah, K., Smillie, R., Soleymani majd, H., Sravanam, S., Stavroulias, D., Tebala, G. D., Vatish, M., Verberne, C., Wallwork, K., Winter, S., Bhatti, M. I., Boyd-Carson, H., Elsey, E., Gemmill, E., Herrod, P., Jibreel, M., Lenzi, E., Saafan, T., Sapre, D., Sian, T., Watson, N., Athanasiou, A., Bourke, G., Bradshaw, L., Brunelli, A., Burke, J., Coe, P., Costigan, F., Elkadi, H., Johnstone, J., Kanatas, A., Kantola, V., Kaufmann, A., Laios, A., Lam, S., Macinnes, E., Munot, S., Nahm, C., Otify, M., Pompili, C., Smith, I., Theophilou, G., Toogood, G., Wade, R., Ward, D., West, C., Annamalai, S., Ashmore, C., Boddy, A., Hossain, T., Kourdouli, A., Gvaramadze, A., Jibril, A., Prusty, L., Thekkinkattil, D., Harky, A., Shackcloth, M., Askari, A., Cirocchi, N., Kudchadkar, S., Patel, K., Sagar, J., Shaw, S., Talwar, R., Abdalla, M., Edmondson, R., Ismail, O., Jones, D., Newton, K., Stylianides, N., Aderombi, A., Andaleeb, U., Bajomo, O., Beatson, K., Garrett, W., Mehmood, M., Ng, V., Al-Habsi, R., Divya, G. S., Keeler, B., Al-Sarireh, B., Egan, R., Harries, R., Henry, A., Kittur, M., Li, Z., Parkins, K., Soliman, F., Spencer, N., Thompson, D., Burgess, C., Gemmell, C., Grieco, C., Hollyman, M., Hunt, L., Morrison, J., Ojha, S., Ryan, N., Abbadessa, F., Barnard, S., Dawe, N., Hammond, J., Mahmoud Ali, F., Mcpherson, I., Mellor, C., Moir, J., Pandanaboyana, S., Powell, J., Rai, B., Roy, C., Sachdeva, A., Saleh, C., Tingle, S., Williams, T., Manickavasagam, J., Mcdonald, C., Mcgrath, N., Mcsorley, N., Ragupathy, K., Ramsay, L., Solth, A., Kakisi, O., Seebah, K., Shaikh, I., Sreedharan, L., Youssef, M., Shah, J., Ameerally, P., Mclarty, N., Mills, S., Shenfine, A., Sahnan, K., Abu, J., Addae-Boateng, E., Bratt, D., Brock, L., Burnside, N., Cadwell-Sneath, S., Gajjar, K., Gan, C., Grundy, C., Hallam, K., Hassell, K., Hawari, M., Joshi, A., Khout, H., Konstantinidi, K., Lee, R. X. N., Nunns, D., Schiemer, R., Walton, T., Weaver, H., Whisker, L., Williamson, K., Mcveigh, J., Myatt, R., Williams, M. A., Kaur, R., Leung, E., Michel, M., Patil, S., Ravindran, S., Sarveswaran, J., Scott, L., Edmond, M., King, E., Almond, M., Breik, O., Cato, L. D., Idle, M., Kamal, M., Kisiel, A., Kulkarni, R., Mak, J. K. C., Martin, T., Nankivell, P., Parente, A., Parmar, S., Pathanki, A. M., Phelan, L., Praveen, P., Saeed, S., Sharma, N., Singh, J., Tirotta, F., Vijayan, D., Geddes, A., Mccaul, J., Mcmahon, J., Khan, A. H., Khan, F., Mansuri, A., Mukherjee, S., Sarigul, M., Singh, S., Tan, K. L., Woodham, A., Adiamah, A., Brewer, H., Chowdhury, A., Evans, J., Humes, D., Jackman, J., Koh, A., Lewis-Lloyd, C., Oyende, O., Reilly, J., Worku, D., Cool, P., Cribb, G., Shepherd, K., Bisset, C., Moug, S., Elson, N., Faulkner, G., Saleh, P., Underwood, C., Brixton, G., Findlay, L., Majkowska, A., Manson, J., Potter, R., Bhalla, A., Chia, Z., Daliya, P., Goyal, A., Grimley, E., Hamad, A., Kumar, A., Malcolm, F. L., Theophilidou, E., Bowden, J., Campain, N., Daniels, I., Fowler, G., John, J., Massey, L., Mcdermott, F., Mcgrath, J., Mclennan, A., Ng, M., Pascoe, J., Rajaretnam, N., Bulathsinhala, S., Davidson, B., Fusai, G., Hidalgo Salinas, C., Machairas, N., Pissanou, T., Pollok, J. M., Raptis, D. A., Soggiu, F., Tzerbinis, H., Xyda, S. E., Beamish, A., Davies, E., Foulkes, R., Magowan, D., Nassa, H., Ooi, R., Price, C., Solari, F., Tang, A., Williams, G., Al-Tamimi, Y., Bacon, A., Beasley, N., Chew, D., Crank, M., Ilenkovan, N., Macdonald, M., Narice, B., Rominiyi, O., Thompson, A., Varley, I., Drake, T., Harrison, E., Linder, G., Mayes, J., Mcgregor, R., Skipworth, R., Zamvar, V., Hawkin, P., Raymond, T., Ryska, O., Baron, R., Dunne, D., Gahunia, S., Halloran, C., Howes, N., Mckinney, R., Mcnicol, F., Russ, J., Szatmary, P., Tan, J. R., Thomas, A., Whelan, P., Anzak, A., Banerjee, A., Fuwa, O., Hughes, F., Jayasinghe, J. D., Knowles, C., Kocher, H., Leal Silva, I., Ledesma, F. S., Minicozzi, A., Navaratne, L., Rahman, R., Ramamoorthy, R., Sohrabi, C., Thaha, M., Thakur, B., Yip, V., Baumber, R., Parry, J., Evans, S., Jeys, L., Morris, G., Parry, M., Ahmadi, N., Aresu, G., Barrett-Brown, Z. M., Coonar, A. S., Durio Yates, H., Gearon, D., Hogan, J., King, M., Peryt, A., Pradeep, I. S., Adishesh, M., Atherton, R., Baxter, K., Brocklehurst, M., Chaudhury, M., Krishnamohan, N., Mcaleer, J., Owens, G., Parkin, E., Patkar, P., Phang, I., Aladeojebi, A., Ali, M., Barmayehvar, B., Gaunt, A., Gowda, M., Halliday, E., Kitchen, M., Mansour, F., Thomas, M., Zakai, D., Abbassi-Ghadi, N., Assalaarachchi, H., Currie, A., Flavin, M., Frampton, A., Hague, M., Hammer, C., Hopper, J., Horsnell, J., Humphries, S., Kamocka, A., Madhuri, T. K., Preston, S., Singh, P., Stebbing, J., Tailor, A., Walker, D., Aljanadi, F., Jones, M., Mhandu, P., O'Donnell, C., Turkington, R., Al-Ishaq, Z., Bhasin, S., Bodla, A. S., Burahee, A., Crichton, A., Fossett, R., Pigadas, N., Pickford, S., Rahman, E., Snee, D., Yassin, N., Fountain, D., Hasan, M. T., Karabatsou, K., Laurente, R., Pathmanaban, O., Al-Mukhtar, A., Giblin, A., Kelty, C., Lee, M., Lye, G., Newman, T., Sharkey, A., Steele, C., Sureshkumar Shah, N., Whitehall, E., Athwal, R., Baker, A., Jones, L., Konstantinou, C., Ramcharan, S., Vatish, J., Wilkin, R., Ethunandan, M., Sekhon, G. K., Shields, H., Singh, R., Wensley, F., Lawday, S., Lyons, A., Abbott, T., Anwar, S., Ghufoor, K., Chung, E., Hagger, R., Hainsworth, A., Karim, A., Owen, H., Ramwell, A., Williams, K., Baker, C., Davies, A., Gossage, J., Kelly, M., Knight, W., Hall, J., Harris, G., James, G., Kang, C., Lin, D. J., Rajgor, A. D., Royle, T., Scurrah, R., Steel, B., Watson, L. J., Choi, D., Hutchison, R., Jain, A., Luoma, V., Marcus, H., May, R., Menon, A., Pramodana, B., Webber, L., Aneke, I. A., Asaad, P., Brown, B., Collis, J., Duff, S., Moura, F., Wadham, B., Warburton, H., Elmoslemany, T., Jenkinson, M., Millward, C., Zakaria, R., Mccluney, S., Parmar, C., Shah, S., Allison, J., Babar, M. S., Collard, B., Goodrum, S., Lau, K., Scott, R., Thomas, E., Whitmore, H., Balasubramaniam, D., Jayasankar, B., Kapoor, S., Ramachandran, A., Elhamshary, A., Imam, S. M. B., Kapriniotis, K., Kasivisvanathan, V., Lindsay, J., Rakhshani-Moghadam, S., Beech, N., Chand, M., Green, L., Kalavrezos, N., Kiconco, H., Mcewen, R., Schilling, C., Sinha, D., Pereca, J., Chopra, S., Egbeare, D., Thomas, R., Combellack, T., Jones, S. E. F., Kornaszewska, M., Mohammed, M., Sharma, A., Tahhan, G., Valtzoglou, V., Williams, J., Eskander, P., Gash, K., Gourbault, L., Hanna, M., Maccabe, T., Newton, C., Olivier, J., Rozwadowski, S., Teh, E., West, D., Al-Omishy, H., Baig, M., Bates, H., Di Taranto, G., Dickson, K., Dunne, N., Gill, C., Howe, D., Jeevan, D., Khajuria, A., Martin-Ucar, A., Mcevoy, K., Naredla, P., Robertson, S., Sait, M., Sarma, D. R., Shanbhag, S., Shortland, T., Simmonds, S., Skillman, J., Tewari, N., Walton, G., Akhtar, M. A., Brunt, A., Mcintyre, J., Milne, K., Rashid, M. M., Sgro, A., Stewart, K. E., Turnbull, A., Aguilar Gonzalez, M., Talukder, S., Boyle, C., Fernando, D., Gallagher, K., Laird, A., Tham, D., Bath, M., Patki, P., Tanabalan, C., Arif, T., Magee, C., Nambirajan, T., Powell, S., Vinayagam, R., Flindall, I., Hanson, A., Mahendran, V., Green, S., Lim, M., Macdonald, L., Miu, V., Onos, L., Sheridan, K., Young, R., Alam, F., Griffiths, O., Houlden, C., Jones, R., Kolli, V. S., Lala, A. K., Leeson, S., Peevor, R., Seymour, Z., Chen, L., Henderson, E., Loehrer, A., Brown, K., Fleming, D., Heron, C., Hill, C., Kay, H., Leede, E., Mcelhinney, K., Olson, K., Osterberg, E. C., Riley, C., Srikanth, P., Thornhill, M., Blazer, D., Dilalla, G., Hwang, E. S., Lee, W., Lidsky, M., Plichta, J., Rosenberger, L., Scheri, R., Turnage, K., Visgauss, J., Zani, S., Farma, J., Clark, J., Kwon, D., Etchill, E., Gabre-Kidan, A., Jenny, H. E., Kent, A., Ladd, M., Long, C., Malapati, H., Margalit, A., Rapaport, S., Rose, J., Stevens, K., Tsai, L., Vervoort, D., Yesantharao, P., Dehal, A., Klaristenfeld, D., Huynh, K., Brown, L., Mullinax, J., Gusani, N., Hazelton, J., Maines, J., Oh, J. S., Ssentongo, A., Ssentongo, P., Azam, M., Choudhry, A., Marx, W., Fleming, J., Fuson, A., Gigliotti, J., Ovaitt, A., Ying, Y., Abel, M. K., Andaya, V., Bigay, K., Boeck, M. A., Chern, H., Corvera, C., El-Sayed, I., Glencer, A., Ha, P., Hamilton, B. C. S., Heaton, C., Hirose, K., Jablons, D. M., Kirkwood, K., Kornblith, L. Z., Kratz, J. R., Miller, P. N., Nakakura, E., Nunez-Garcia, B., O'Donnell, R., Ozgediz, D., Park, P., Robinson, B., Sarin, A., Sheu, B., Varma, M., Wai, K., Wustrack, R., Xu, M. J., Beswick, D., Goddard, J., Manor, J., Song, J., Fullmer, T., Gaskill, C., Gross, N., Kiong, K., Roland, C. L., Zafar, S. N., Abdallah, M., Abouassi, A., Almasri, M., Kulkarni, G., Marwan, H., Mehdi, M., Aoun, S., Ban, V. S., Batjer, H. 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N, Gill, C, Howe, D, Jeevan, D, Khajuria, A, Martin-Ucar AMcEvoy, K, Naredla, P, Robertson, S, Sait, M, R Sarma, D, Shanbhag, S, Shortland, T, Simmonds, S, Skillman, J, Tewari, N, Walton, G, A Akhtar, M, Brunt, A, Mcintyre, J, Milne, K, M Rashid, M, Sgro, A, E Stewart, K, Turnbull, A, Aguilar Gonzalez, M, Talukder, S, Boyle, C, Fernando, D, Gallagher, K, Laird, A, Tham, D, Bath, M, Patki, P, Tanabalan, C, Arif, T, Magee, C, Nambirajan, T, Powell, S, Vinayagam, R, Flindall, I, Hanson, A, Mahendran, V, Green, S, Lim, M, Macdonald, L, Miu, V, Onos, L, Sheridan, K, Young, R, Alam, F, Griffiths, O, Houlden, C, Jones, R, S Kolli, V, K Lala, A, Leeson, S, Peevor, R, Seymour, Z, Chen, L, Henderson, E, Loehrer, A, Brown, K, Fleming, D, Heron, C, Hill, C, Kay, H, Leede, E, Mcelhinney, K, Olson, K, C Osterberg, E, Riley, C, Srikanth, P, Thornhill, M, Blazer, D, Dilalla, G, S Hwang, E, Lee, W, Lidsky, M, Plichta, J, Rosenberger, L, Scheri, R, Turnage, K, Visgauss, J, Zani, S, Farma, J, Clark, J, Kwon, D, Etchill, E, E Gabre-Kidan AJenny, H, Kent, A, Ladd, M, Long, C, Malapati, H, Margalit, A, Rapaport, S, Rose, J, Stevens, K, Tsai, L, Vervoort, D, Yesantharao, P, Dehal, A, Klaristenfeld, D, Huynh, K, Brown, L, Ganly, I, Mullinax, J, Gusani, N, Hazelton, J, Maines, J, S Oh, J, Ssentongo, A, Ssentongo, P, Azam, M, Choudhry, A, Marx, W, Fleming, J, Fuson, A, Gigliotti, J, Ovaitt, A, Ying, Y, K Abel, M, Andaya, V, Bigay, K, A Boeck, M, Chern, H, Corvera, C, El-Sayed, I, Glencer, A, Ha, P, Hamilton, Bc, Heaton, C, Hirose, K, M Jablons, D, Kirkwood, K, Z Kornblith, L, R Kratz, J, Lee, R, N Miller, P, Nakakura, E, Nunez-Garcia, B, O'Donnell, R, Ozgediz, D, Park, P, Robinson, B, Sarin, A, Sheu, B, Varma, M, Wai, K, Wustrack, R, J Xu, M, Beswick, D, Goddard, J, Manor, J, Song, J, Fullmer, T, Gaskill, C, Gross, N, Kiong, K, L Roland, C, N Zafar, S, Abdallah, M, Abouassi, A, Almasri, M, Kulkarni, G, Marwan, H, Mehdi, M, Aoun, S, S Ban, V, H Batjer, H, Caruso, J, Abbott, D, Acher, A, Aiken, T, Barrett, J, Foley, E, Schwartz, P, Hawkins, A, Maiga, A, Laufer, J, Scasso, S, Surgery, Graduate School, Glasbey, J, Nepogodiev, D, Simoes, J, Omar, O, Li, E, Abou Chaar, M, Chaudhry, D, Videria, J, Gujjuri, R, Kaafarani, H, Minaya-Bravo, A, Mckay, S, Roberts, K, Miguel-Mendez, C, Smart, N, Stewart, G, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COVIDSurg Collaborative, Kolias, Angelos [0000-0003-3992-0587], Stewart, Grant [0000-0003-3188-9140], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Glasbey JC, Nepogodiev D, Simoes JFF, Omar O, Li E, Venn ML, Pgdme, Abou Chaar MK, Capizzi V, Chaudhry D, Desai A, Edwards JG, Evans JP, Fiore M, Videria JF, Ford SJ, Ganly I, Griffiths EA, Gujjuri RR, Kolias AG, Kaafarani HMA, Minaya-Bravo A, McKay SC, Mohan HM, Roberts KJ, San Miguel-Méndez C, Pockney P, Shaw R, Smart NJ, Stewart GD, Sundar Mrcog S, Vidya R, Bhangu AA, COVIDSurg Collaborative, Palmerini Emanuela, Frisoni Tommaso, Donati Davide, A Belvedere, P Bernante, P Bertoglio, S Boussedra, E Brunocilla, R Cipriani, G Cisternino, E De Crescenzo, P De Iaco, G Dondi, F Frio, E Jovine, F Mineo Bianchi, J Neri, D Parlanti, A M Perrone, A P Pezzuto, M Pignatti, V Pinto, G Poggioli, M Ravaioli, M Rottoli, R Schiavina, M Serenari, M Serra, P Solli, M Taffurelli, M Tanzanu, M Tesei, T Violante, S Zanotti, V Tonini, M Cervellera, A Gori, L Sartarelli, Glasbey, James C, Simoes, Joana F F, Venn, Mary L, Pgdme, null, Abou Chaar, Mohammad K, Edwards, Jonathan G, Evans, Jonathan P, Videria, Jose Flavio, Ford, Samuel J, Griffiths, Ewen A, Gujjuri, Rohan R, Kolias, Angelos G, Kaafarani, Haytham M A, McKay, Siobhan C, Mohan, Helen M, Roberts, Keith J, Smart, Neil J, Stewart, Grant D, Sundar Mrcog, Sudha, and Bhangu, Aneel A, Toia, F
Subjects: Male, Cancer Research, Outcome Assessment, International Cooperation, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, Settore MED/19 - Chirurgia Plastica, 030230 surgery, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19, Cohort Studies, Critical Care, Elective Surgical Procedures, Epidemics, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Postoperative Complications, SARS-CoV-2, 0302 clinical medicine, Operating theater, cohort studies, Health care, middle aged, 80 and over, Medicine, Lung, Cancer, COVID-19/epidemiology, OUTCOMES, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Pulmonary Complication, ORIGINAL REPORTS, aged, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Pneumonia & Influenza, Patient Safety, Elective Surgical Procedure, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 6.4 Surgery, Cohort study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, elective surgical procedures/methods, Logistic Model, Health Care, Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Epidemic, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, cancer surgery, SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, epidemics, COVIDSurg Collaborative, NO, outcome assessment, health care/methods, 03 medical and health sciences, male, Settore MED/28 - Malattie Odontostomatologiche, Clinical Research, 1112 Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Elective surgery, Elective Cancer Surgery in SARS-CoV-2, Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19, covid 19, sars-cov-2, Science & Technology, business.industry, Prevention, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Pneumonia, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Good Health and Well Being, neoplasms/surgery, critical care/methods, Emergency medicine, postoperative complications/prevention & control, Neoplasm, Postoperative Complication, Cohort Studie, business, aged, 80 and over, SARS-CoV-2/physiology, logistic models
Abstract: PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. Copyright © 2020 American Society of Clinical Oncology. All rights reserved. Bowel and Cancer Research; Sarcoma UK; Yorkshire Cancer Research; European Society of Coloproctology; National Institute for Health Research: 16.136.79; Bowel Disease Research Foundation; Urology Foundation Supported by a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit grant (NIHR 16.136.79) using UK aid from the UK government to support global health research, Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel & Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, The Urology Foundation, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research. The funders had no role in the study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; or writing of this report. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, NIHR, or UK Department of Health and Social Care.
Published: 2021
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26. Treatment of Rare Inflammatory Kidney Diseases: Drugs Targeting the Terminal Complement Pathway

Author: Marion Ort, Jasper Dingemanse, John van den Anker, and Priska Kaufmann
Subjects: lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, 0301 basic medicine, C5aR1 antagonist, Immunology, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, Complement C5a, Review, Complement Membrane Attack Complex, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, Kidney, C5a receptor, aHUS, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, C3 glomerulopathy, Anaphylatoxin, Complement Activation, Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a, complement system, lupus nephritis, business.industry, Glomerulonephritis, IGA, Complement System Proteins, IgA nephropathy, Eculizumab, medicine.disease, Complement system, Complement Inactivating Agents, 030104 developmental biology, Kidney Diseases, C5 antagonist, ANCA-associated vasculitis, lcsh:RC581-607, business, Complement membrane attack complex, medicine.drug
Abstract: The complement system comprises the frontline of the innate immune system. Triggered by pathogenic surface patterns in different pathways, the cascade concludes with the formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC; complement components C5b to C9) and C5a, a potent anaphylatoxin that elicits various inflammatory signals through binding to C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1). Despite its important role in pathogen elimination, priming and recruitment of myeloid cells from the immune system, as well as crosstalk with other physiological systems, inadvertent activation of the complement system can result in self-attack and overreaction in autoinflammatory diseases. Consequently, it constitutes an interesting target for specialized therapies. The paradigm of safe and efficacious terminal complement pathway inhibition has been demonstrated by the approval of eculizumab in paroxysmal nocturnal hematuria. In addition, complement contribution in rare kidney diseases, such as lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, C3 glomerulopathy, or antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis has been demonstrated. This review summarizes the involvement of the terminal effector agents of the complement system in these diseases and provides an overview of inhibitors for complement components C5, C5a, C5aR1, and MAC that are currently in clinical development. Furthermore, a link between increased complement activity and lung damage in severe COVID-19 patients is discussed and the potential for use of complement inhibitors in COVID-19 is presented.
Published: 2020
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27. Diagnostic Value of Cholinesterase Activity for the Development of Postoperative Delirium after Cardiac Surgery

Author: Katharina Ort, N. Waezi, Kübra Karaca, Christian Hagl, Ahmad Fawad Jebran, Heidi Niehaus, Shekhar Saha, and I. F. Brandes
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, law, Risk Factors, Intensive care, Carotid artery disease, Medicine, Cholinesterases, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Cholinesterase, biology, business.industry, Delirium, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, Cardiac surgery, Treatment Outcome, Anesthesia, Circulatory system, biology.protein, Surgery, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background Depression of cholinesterase (CHE) activity has been reported to lead to an amplified neuroinflammatory response, which clinically manifests as postoperative delirium (PD). This observational study investigates the association between CHE activity and the development of PD following elective cardiac surgery. Methods Patients with preexisting neurologic deficits or carotid artery disease as well as patients undergoing reoperations or procedures under circulatory arrest have been excluded from this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination, the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit, and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist were performed at regular intervals. CHE activity was estimated pre- and postoperatively until postoperative day (POD) 5 and at discharge. Results A total of 107 patients were included. PD was diagnosed in 34 (31.8%) patients, who have been compared with those without PD. Time on ventilator, length of ICU, and hospital stay were longer in patients with PD (p = 0.001, p Conclusion In addition to the established functional tests, routine estimation of CHE activity may serve as an additional diagnostic tool allowing for the timely diagnosis and treatment of PD in cardiac surgery patients.
Published: 2020

28. 293 Resultsof the first-in-human clinical trial with personalized multi-target adoptive cell therapy (ACTolog IMA101)

Author: Dominik Maurer, Borje S. Andersson, Jens Fritsche, Arun Satelli, Sabrina Kuttruff-Coqui, Kerstin Guenther, Carsten Reinhardt, Steffen Walter, Mamta Kalra, Ali Mohamed, Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou, Rita Ort, Kerry Sieger, Norbert Hilf, Amir Alpert, Anna Nowak, Becky Norris, Toni Weinschenk, David Vining, Oliver Schoor, Fabian Richter, Patrick Hwu, Zoe Coughlin, Cassian Yee, Regina Mendrzyk, Harpreet Singh, and Claudia Wagner
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Context (language use), Leukapheresis, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Cytokine release syndrome, Regimen, Tolerability, Atezolizumab, Internal medicine, medicine, Clinical endpoint, business
Abstract: Background ACTolog (IMA101) is a personalized multi-target adoptive cell therapy (ACT) approach in which autologous T-cell products are redirected against multiple novel defined peptide-HLA (pHLA) cancer targets identified by the target discovery platform XPRESIDENT®. The primary endpoint was to assess the safety of ACTolog. Secondary endpoints were to assess the in vivo persistence of transferred T-cells and antitumor activity (www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02876510). Methods HLA-A*02:01 positive patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors whose tumor expressed ≥1 cancer target underwent leukapheresis and endogenous T-cells specific for up to 4 targets were primed and expanded in vitro. Patients received lymphodepletion (fludarabine 40 mg/m² and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m² on days -6 to -3) followed by up to 4 × 1010 cells (day 0), and IL-2 (1 × 106 IU/m² SC twice daily, 14 days) (Cohort 1). In addition, cohort 2 received atezolizumab (1200 mg IV) every 21 days upon hematologic recovery. Infused T-cells were tracked in patients‘ blood via flow cytometry-based immunomonitoring as well as TCRβ sequencing. TCRs from target specific T-cells were identified from patients‘ T-cell products and characterized. Results From 07/2017–03/2020, 214 patients were screened, and 14 heavily pre-treated patients with various tumor types were infused with 1–3 T-cell products each (table 1). The treatment was generally well tolerated. The most common adverse events observed to date were expected cytopenias, mostly attributed to the lymphodepleting regimen, and Grade 1–2 cytokine release syndrome. Prolonged disease stabilization was noted in three patients for 12 months, 12+ months, and 7 months. High frequencies of target-specific T-cells up to 78.7% of CD8+ cells were detected in the blood of treated patients, persisted for >1 year and were detected in post-treatment tumor biopsies. Characterization of individual TCRs contained in T-cell products showed a broad variation of TCR avidities with the majority of TCRs being of low avidity. High-avidity TCRs were identified from products of some patients, including a patient with 26% decrease in tumor measurements 6 weeks post-treatment. Tracking the respective T-cell clonotypes in patients‘ blood and tumor provides insights into the mechanism of tumor control. Six-month data will be presented at the conference. Conclusions This is the first reported trial demonstrating the feasibility and tolerability of a personalized ACT approach using multiple defined T-cell products directed to multiple precisely defined pHLA cancer targets. These results support further exploration of a multi-target ACT approach, particularly in the context of T-cells expressing high-avidity TCRs to such defined pHLA targets. Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02876510 Ethics Approval The study was approved by WCG WIRB, IRB tracking number 20162235. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization Good Clinical Practice guidelines. All the study participants provided written informed consent before enrollment. Consent Patient consent for publication is not required. Patients consented to participate in the study.
Published: 2020
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29. Disentangling the fibrous microenvironment: designer culture models for improved drug discovery

Author: Carley Ort, Nikita Kalashnikov, Christopher Moraes, and Wontae Lee
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Tissue Engineering, business.industry, Drug discovery, Antineoplastic Agents, Breast Neoplasms, Computational biology, Extracellular Matrix, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Tissue Culture Techniques, 03 medical and health sciences, Mechanobiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Tissue engineering, Cellular Microenvironment, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Drug Discovery, Medicine, Humans, Female, business, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Standard high-throughput screening (HTS) assays rarely identify clinically viable 'hits', likely because cells do not experience physiologically realistic culture conditions. The biophysical nature of the extracellular matrix has emerged as a critical driver of cell function and response and recreating these factors could be critically important in streamlining the drug discovery pipeline.The authors review recent design strategies to understand and manipulate biophysical features of three-dimensional fibrous tissues. The effects of architectural parameters of the extracellular matrix and their resulting mechanical behaviors are deconstructed; and their individual and combined impact on cell behavior is examined. The authors then illustrate the potential impact of these physical features on designing next-generation platforms to identify drugs effective against breast cancer.Progression toward increased culture complexity must be balanced against the demanding technical requirements for high-throughput screening; and strategies to identify the minimal set of microenvironmental parameters needed to recreate disease-relevant responses must be specifically tailored to the disease stage and organ system being studied. Although challenging, this can be achieved through integrative and multidisciplinary technologies that span microfabrication, cell biology, and tissue engineering.
Published: 2020

30. Lack of free choice reveals the cost of multiple-target search within and across feature dimensions

Author: Eduard Ort, Christian N. L. Olivers, Johannes J. Fahrenfort, Brein en Cognitie (Psychologie, FMG), Cognitive Psychology, and IBBA
Subjects: Adult, Male, Linguistics and Language, Adolescent, Computer science, Control (management), Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Choice Behavior, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Selection (linguistics), Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Attention, Dimension (data warehouse), Visual attention, Visual search, Reactive control, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Eye movement, Pattern recognition, Multiple target, Sensory Systems, Eye movements, Feature (computer vision), Cognitive and attentional control, Visual Perception, Female, Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract: Having to look for multiple targets typically results in switch costs. However, using a gaze-contingent eyetracking paradigm with multiple color-defined targets, we have recently shown that the emergence of switch costs depends on whether observers can choose a target or a target is being imposed upon them. Here, using a similar paradigm, we tested whether these findings generalize to the situation in which targets are specified across different feature dimensions. We instructed participants to simultaneously search for, and then fixate, either of two possible targets presented among distractors. The targets were defined as either two colors, two shapes, or one color and one shape. In one condition, only one of the two targets was available in each display, so that the choice was imposed. In the other condition, both targets would be present in each display, which gave observers free choice over what to search for. Consistent with our earlier findings, switch costs emerged when targets were imposed, whereas no switch costs emerged when target selection was free, irrespective of the dimension in which the targets were defined. The results are consistent with the operation of different modes of control in multiple-target search, with switch costs emerging whenever reactive control is required and being reduced or absent when displays allow for proactive control.
Published: 2018
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31. High prevalence of prior contact sports play and concussion among orthopedic and neurosurgical department chairs

Author: Uzma Samadani, Cedric Williams, Vikalpa Dammavalam, S Courtney-Kay Lamb, David E. Tupper, Kristina Techar, Mohit Uppal, Paul Ort, Je Yeong Sone, and Thomas A. Bergman
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, education, Population, Youth participation, Neurosurgery, Football, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Concussion, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Neurosurgical department, Brain Concussion, education.field_of_study, Chi-Square Distribution, High prevalence, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, United States, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Orthopedics, Athletic Injuries, Orthopedic surgery, Physical therapy, Female, business, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: OBJECTIVEIncreased understanding of the consequences of traumatic brain injury has heightened concerns about youth participation in contact sports. This study investigated the prevalence of high school and collegiate contact sports play and concussion history among surgical department chairs.METHODSA cross-sectional survey was administered to 107 orthopedic and 74 neurosurgery chairs. Responses were compared to published historical population norms for contact sports (high school 27.74%, collegiate 1.44%), football (high school 10.91%, collegiate 0.76%), and concussion prevalence (12%). One-proportion Z-tests, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze differences.RESULTSHigh school contact sports participation was 2.35-fold higher (65.3%, p < 0.001) for orthopedic chairs and 1.73-fold higher (47.9%, p = 0.0018) for neurosurgery chairs than for their high school peers. Collegiate contact sports play was 31.0-fold higher (44.7%, p < 0.001) for orthopedic chairs and 15.1-fold higher (21.7%, p < 0.001) for neurosurgery chairs than for their college peers. Orthopedic chairs had a 4.30-fold higher rate of high school football participation (46.9%, p < 0.001) while neurosurgery chairs reported a 3.05-fold higher rate (33.3%, p < 0.001) than their high school peers. Orthopedic chairs reported a 28.1-fold higher rate of collegiate football participation (21.3%, p < 0.001) and neurosurgery chairs reported an 8.58-fold higher rate (6.5%, p < 0.001) compared to their college peers. The rate at which orthopedic (42.6%, p < 0.001) and neurosurgical (42.4%, p < 0.001) chairs reported having at least 1 concussion in their lifetime was significantly higher than the reported prevalence in the general population. After correction for worst possible ascertainment bias, all results except high school contact sports participation remained significant.CONCLUSIONSThe high prevalence of youth contact sports play and concussion among surgical specialty chairs affirms that individuals in careers requiring high motor and cognitive function frequently played contact sports. The association highlights the need to further examine the relationships between contact sports and potential long-term benefits as well as risks of sport-related injury.
Published: 2018
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32. Gastrocnemius Tear: Incidental Finding During a Venous Doppler Exam

Author: Garth S. Nanni and Stanley Ort
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.disease, Baker's cyst, Hematoma, Calf muscle, Calf injury, Duplex sonography, Medicine, Tears, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Lower limbs venous ultrasonography
Abstract: Calf muscle tears are relatively common. They can be identified well as incidental findings using duplex sonography when performing a lower extremity venous Doppler exam. A case is presented of a 43-year-old male patient who underwent a sonogram to diagnose deep vein thrombosis. The exam results demonstrated patent and compressible common femoral, femoral, popliteal, and calf veins without evidence of deep vein thrombosis. As the sonographer was documenting the popliteal fossa, a complex fluid-filled structure within the left gastrocnemius muscle was identified. The diagnosis was reported as a gastrocnemius muscle tear. This case demonstrates a fairly common incidental finding, gastrocnemius muscle tear, when performing a venous Doppler exam.
Published: 2018
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33. Germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals

Author: Katlyn Lederer, Emily Bettini, Kalpana Parvathaneni, Mark M. Painter, Divyansh Agarwal, Kendall A. Lundgreen, Madison Weirick, Kavitha Muralidharan, Diana Castaño, Rishi R. Goel, Xiaoming Xu, Elizabeth M. Drapeau, Sigrid Gouma, Jordan T. Ort, Moses Awofolaju, Allison R. Greenplate, Carole Le Coz, Neil Romberg, Jennifer Trofe-Clark, Gregory Malat, Lisa Jones, Mark Rosen, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Behdad Besharatian, Mary Kaminiski, Scott E. Hensley, Paul Bates, E. John Wherry, Ali Naji, Vijay Bhoj, and Michela Locci
Subjects: biology, business.industry, Germinal center, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vaccination, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immune system, Immunity, Immunology, biology.protein, Medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Antibody, business, Memory B cell, B cell
Abstract: Vaccine-mediated immunity often relies on the generation of protective antibodies and memory B cells, which commonly stem from germinal center (GC) reactions. An in-depth comparison of the GC responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals has not yet been performed due to the challenge of directly probing human lymph nodes. Herein, through a fine-needle-aspiration-based approach, we profiled the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lymph nodes of healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients (KTXs). We found that, unlike healthy subjects, KTXs presented deeply blunted SARS-CoV-2-specific GC B cell responses coupled with severely hindered T follicular helper cell, SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding-domain-specific memory B cell and neutralizing antibody responses. KTXs also displayed reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies. Broadly, these data indicate impaired GC-derived immunity in immunocompromised individuals, and suggest a GC-origin for certain humoral and memory B cell responses following mRNA vaccination., Graphical Abstract, Fine needle aspiration of lymph nodes in humans, reveals that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induces neutralizing antibody-producing germinal centers, enhanced by repeated vaccination. Conversely, in patients receiving immunosuppressant medication, this process is disrupted resulting in stunted protective immune responses highlighting issues about vaccine and booster efficacy in patients with compromised immune systems.
Published: 2022
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34. Multi-year inter-laboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater: Development of a quality control system

Author: Zenon J. Kokot, Miren López de Alda, Cobus Gerber, Serge Schneider, Kevin V. Thomas, Erik Emke, María Jesús Andrés-Costa, Frederic Been, Angela Li, Jake W. O'Brien, Despo Fatta-Kassinos, Viviane Yargeau, Adrian Covaci, Sara Castiglioni, Markus R. Meyer, Félix Hernández, Ivona Krizman-Matasic, Roman Grabic, Jerker Fick, Arndis S. C. Love, Jean-Daniel Berset, José Benito Quintana, Jose Antonio Baz-Lomba, Iria González-Mariño, Susana Sadler Simões, Lisa Benaglia, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Daniel A. Burgard, Christoph Ort, Leon Barron, Lubertus Bijlsma, Xiqing Li, Ann Kathrin McCall, Nikolaos S. Thomaidis, Malcolm J. Reid, Christophoros Christophoridis, Alexander L.N. van Nuijs, Sara Karolak, Teemu Gunnar, Pim de Voogt, Foon Yin Lai, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Herbert Oberacher, European Cooperation in Science and Technology, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Research Foundation - Flanders, Generalitat Valenciana, Xunta de Galicia, Office for Combating Narcotic Drug Abuse (Republic of Croatia), Generalitat de Catalunya, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), Swiss National Science Foundation, European Commission, Been, Frederic [0000-0001-5910-3248], Covaci, Adrian [orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-1136], Voogt, Pim de [0000-0001-9065-9797], Emke, Erik [0000-0002-8441-1709], Fick, Jerker [0000-0002-3949-7371], Hernández, Félix [0000-0003-1268-3083], Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara [0000-0002-6809-2875], Li, Xiqing [0000-0002-3162-5068], López de Alda, Miren [0000-0002-9347-2765], Quintana, Benito [0000-0002-2566-8133], Ort, Christoph [0000-0001-9950-2286], Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto de Investigación e Análises Alimentarias, Been, Frederic, Covaci, Adrian, Voogt, Pim de, Emke, Erik, Fick, Jerker, Hernández, Félix, Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara, Li, Xiqing, López de Alda, Miren, Quintana, Benito, Ort, Christoph, Freshwater and Marine Ecology (IBED, FNWI), van Nuijs, ALN, Lai, FY, Been, F, Andres-Costa, MJ, Gerber, C, and Ort, C
Subjects: Inter-laboratory testing, Illicit drugs, Wastewater-based epidemiology, 010501 environmental sciences, Standard solution, Wastewater, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Matrix type, Illicit drug, Inter-laboratory, Quality assurance, Spectroscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Wastewater based epidemiology, Pulp and paper industry, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, Chemistry, Quality control system, Environmental Science, Environmental science, business
Abstract: Thirty-seven laboratories from 25 countries present the development of an inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in standard solutions, tap- and wastewater. Almost 10 000 concentration values were evaluated: triplicates of up to five samples and 26 laboratories per year. The setup was substantially improved with experiences gained across the six repetitions (e.g. matrix type, sample conditions, spiking levels). From this, (pre-)analytical issues (e.g. pH adjustment, filtration) were revealed for specific analytes which resulted in formulation of best-practice protocols for inter-laboratory setup and analytical procedures. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the inter-laboratory setup to assess laboratory performance in the framework of wastewater-based epidemiology. The exercise proved that measurements of laboratories were of high quality (>80% satisfactory results for six out of seven analytes) and that analytical follow-up is important to assist laboratories in improving robustness of wastewater-based epidemiology results., This article is based upon work from COST Action ES1307 supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). We wish to acknowledge EMCDDA and Yeonsuk Ryu for support in the organization of the scheme and assistance in the preparation of the test samples, respectively. The following funding sources are acknowledged: the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) (Grant number: 1285216N), the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, the Generalitat Valenciana, Xunta de Galicia, Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Office for Combating Narcotic Drug Abuse of the Government of the Republic of Croatia, EU FP7 project SOLUTIONS (603437), the Government of Catalonia, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (projects CENAKVA and CENAKVA II), EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship (APOLLO 749845) and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, P2LAP2_164892). The following persons are acknowledged for help in sample analysis: Marijan Ahel, Evroula Hapeshi, Popi Karaolia, Esther López-García, Nicola Mastroianni, Cristina Postigo, Inés Racamonde, Rosario Rodil, Isaac Rodríguez, Tania Rodríguez-Álvarez, Ivan Senta, and Senka Terzic.
Published: 2018
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35. Modeling in-sewer transformations at catchment scale – implications on drug consumption estimates in wastewater-based epidemiology

Author: Ann Kathrin McCall, Christoph Ort, Frank Blumensaat, Eberhard Morgenroth, and Rocco Palmitessa
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Hydraulic retention time, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Monte Carlo method, Sewage, 02 engineering and technology, Wastewater, 010501 environmental sciences, Residence time (fluid dynamics), 01 natural sciences, Stability (probability), Statistics, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Morphine Derivatives, Codeine, business.industry, Ecological Modeling, Environmental engineering, Pollution, 020801 environmental engineering, Amphetamine, Transformation (function), Node (circuits), business, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: To which extent illicit drugs are transformed during in-sewer transport, depends on a number of factors: i) substance-specific transformation rates, ii) environmental conditions, iii) point of discharge (location of drug user) and iv) sewer network properties, primarily hydraulic residence time (HRT) and the ratio of biofilm contact area to wastewater volume (A/Veq). Assessing associated uncertainties typically requires numerous simulations. Therefore, we propose a new two-step modeling framework: 1) Quantify hydrodynamic conditions. This computationally demanding step was performed once in SWMM to derive HRT and A/Veq for each potential point of discharge (node) in three catchments of different size. 2) Estimate biomarker loss. In this step, Monte Carlo simulations were performed for defined scenarios. Depending on assumptions about drug user distribution and prevalence, a number of nodes was sampled. For each node an empirical first-order transformation model was applied with flow-path-corresponding HRT and A/Veq from step 1. Biotic and abiotic transformation rates were sampled from distributions combining variability of different biofilms. In our modeling study, median losses were >30% for amphetamine, 6-monoacetylmorphine and 6-acetylcodeine in all three catchments with high uncertainty (5%-100% loss), which would imply a systematic underestimation of consumption when neglecting in-sewer processes. Median losses for 21 other investigated biomarkers were
Published: 2017
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36. Pocket Reference Card Improves Pediatric Resident Comfort in Caring for Children at End of Life

Author: Cynthia D Kim, Robert E. Goldsby, Jessica Duvall, Emily Morell Balkin, and Katherine Ort
Subjects: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, medicine.medical_specialty, Attitude to Death, Palliative care, Attitude of Health Personnel, Pediatrics, Likert scale, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Nursing, Professional-Family Relations, 030225 pediatrics, Humans, Medicine, Pediatricians, Reference card, Child, General Nursing, Receipt, Pediatric resident, Physician-Patient Relations, Terminal Care, business.industry, Symptom management, Communication, Palliative Care, Internship and Residency, Resident education, General Medicine, Checklist, Patient Care Management, Test (assessment), Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Family medicine, business
Abstract: Studies have shown that pediatricians in all stages of training are uncomfortable managing patients at end of life. Our goal was to create and test a portable reference card to improve pediatric resident education in comprehensive care for children nearing end of life.We evaluated the impact of the Pediatric End-of-Life Care Management Reference Card on residents' perceived comfort and knowledge through pre- and post-intervention surveys. The preintervention questionnaires and pocket cards were distributed to all first- and second-year residents, and then a follow-up survey was provided six months later. Based on Likert scales, questions focused on self-reported understanding of palliative care principles and knowledge regarding and comfort in performing end-of-life symptom management.Twenty-six pediatric residents completed pre- and post-intervention surveys. Following receipt of the reference card, no significant changes were noted consistently across all groups of residents. The majority of improvements were noted when comparing second to third year residents, including knowledge and comfort related to pain management, comfort in managing secretions and nausea, and documentation following death. The first to second year residents demonstrated improvement in knowing what language to use to tell a family that their child has died.This study demonstrates that a portable reference card may be a convenient, simple, and useful component of education for pediatric residents in end-of-life care management. This reference card is a foundation from which to develop a standardized educational tool. Additional research is required to assess the impact of this type of intervention in pediatric palliative care education.
Published: 2017
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37. Multiple-Ascending Dose Study in Healthy Subjects to Assess the Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability, and CYP3A4 Interaction Potential of the T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker ACT-709478, A Potential New Antiepileptic Drug

Author: Marion Ort, Jasper Dingemanse, Muriel Richard, Priska Kaufmann, and Rüdiger Kornberger
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, Pyridines, 03 medical and health sciences, Calcium Channels, T-Type, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Double-Blind Method, Acetamides, Medicine, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Drug Interactions, Adverse effect, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Middle Aged, Calcium Channel Blockers, Healthy Volunteers, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Regimen, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, Anesthesia, Cohort, Midazolam, Pyrazoles, Anticonvulsants, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Blood sampling, medicine.drug
Abstract: ACT-709478 is a selective, orally available T-type calcium channel blocker being studied as a potential new treatment in epilepsy. ACT-709478 had previously been investigated in a single-ascending dose study up to a dose of 400 mg.The aim of this study was to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of multiple doses of ACT-709478. In addition, the drug-drug interaction potential of multiple doses of ACT-709478 with the cytochrome P450 3A4 substrate midazolam was investigated.This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study included 46 healthy male and female subjects. Ascending multiple oral doses of ACT-709478 were administered to 10 (cohorts 1-2) or 12 (cohorts 3-4) subjects (two taking placebo per cohort). In cohorts 1-2, 30 or 10 mg ACT-709478 was administered once daily for 12 days. An up-titration regimen was used in cohorts 3-4 with administration of 10, 30, and 60 mg for 7 days each in both cohorts and an additional dose level of 100 mg ACT-709478 once daily for 8 days in cohort 4. Single doses of midazolam were administered at baseline and concomitantly to 60 mg and 100 mg ACT-709478 in cohort 4. Blood sampling for pharmacokinetic evaluations and safety assessments (clinical laboratory, vital signs, adverse events, and electrocardiogram) were performed regularly. Holter electrocardiograms were recorded at baseline and for 24 h at steady state and central nervous system effects were assessed with pharmacodynamic tests at baseline and steady state.ACT-709478 was absorbed with a time to reach the maximum plasma concentration of 3.5-4.0 h and eliminated with a half-life of 45-53 h. Steady state was reached after 5-7 days of dosing and exposure increased dose-proportionally. An accumulation index of approximately three fold was observed in cohorts 1 and 2. Exposure to midazolam was lower upon concomitant administration of 60 and 100 mg ACT-709478 compared to midazolam alone while the half-life and time to reach the maximum plasma concentration of midazolam remained unchanged, suggesting a weak induction at the gastrointestinal but not hepatic level. Pharmacokinetic parameters of 1-hydroxymidazolam were not affected by ACT-709478 administration. The most frequent adverse events were dizziness, somnolence, and headache. A tolerability signal was detected in cohort 1 (30 mg once daily); therefore, the dose was decreased to 10 mg once daily in cohort 2. The subsequently established up-titration regimen, starting with 10 mg once daily, considerably improved tolerability. Multiple doses up to 100 mg once daily were well tolerated. No treatment-related effects were detected on vital signs, clinical laboratory tests, Holter electrocardiogram variables, or in the pharmacodynamic tests.ACT-709478 exhibits good tolerability up to 100 mg once daily using an up-titration regimen and pharmacokinetic properties that support further clinical investigations. A weak induction of gastrointestinal cytochrome P450 3A4 activity was observed, unlikely to be of clinical relevance. CLINICALTRIALS.NCT03165097.
Published: 2020

38. A Previously Healthy Adolescent With Acute Psychosis and Severe Hyperhidrosis

Author: Richard J. Shaw, Katherine Ort, Tatiana R. Rosenblatt, Chen Chen, Kim Hoang, Angela Niemi, and Rebecca J. Levy
Subjects: Male, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Neurology, Adolescent, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Severity of Illness Index, Diagnosis, Differential, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, Hyperhidrosis, Autoantibodies, Autoimmune encephalitis, Groin, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Lumbar puncture, Membrane Proteins, medicine.disease, Syringomyelia, Blood pressure, medicine.anatomical_structure, Psychotic Disorders, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Acute Disease, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: A previously healthy 15-year-old boy presented with 3 months of progressive psychosis, insomnia, back and groin pain, and hyperhidrosis. On examination, the patient was disheveled, agitated, and soaked with sweat, with systolic blood pressure in the 160s and heart rate in the 130s. Aside from occasional auditory and visual hallucinations, his neurologic examination was normal. The patient was admitted for an extensive workup, including MRI of the brain and spine and lumbar puncture, which were normal. Through collaboration with various pediatric specialists, including psychiatry and neurology, a rare diagnosis was ultimately unveiled.
Published: 2020

39. The estimation of cannabis consumption through wastewater analysis

Author: Christoph Ort, Viviane Yargeau, Daniel A. Burgard, Frederic Been, Lubertus Bijlsma, and João Matias
Subjects: Consumption (economics), Drug, Estimation, biology, Wastewater, Environmental health, media_common.quotation_subject, Illicit drug, Business, Cannabis, biology.organism_classification, Legalization, media_common
Abstract: Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug worldwide. Its use is becoming less stigmatized as illustrated by the increasing public opinion towards legalization in many countries. Accurate and reliable data on cannabis consumption is, however, needed to assess the impact of new policies and plan prevention strategies carefully. To this aim, measuring drug residues in wastewater, which represent anonymous urine samples of entire populations, can provide valuable information on patterns and trends of drug use, complementing traditional data. This trans-disciplinary approach, known as wastewater-based epidemiology, has demonstrated its value and is well established for monitoring illicit drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamine-type stimulants. However, measuring the main human urinary metabolites of cannabis in wastewater has presented additional challenges and uncertainties related to the analytical measurements, stability and poorly understood excretion rates. Consequently, results often suggested an overestimation of consumption. This chapter aims to identify key aspects, which demand attention and demonstrate the current utility and potential of wastewater analysis for the estimation of cannabis consumption.
Published: 2020
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40. Law and Policy Dimensions of Ocean Governance

Author: Pradeep Singh and Mara Ort
Subjects: Sustainable development, Exploit, business.industry, Corporate governance, Law, Fossil fuel, Human geography, Climate change, Carbon sink, business, Renewable energy
Abstract: Human populations have relied on the oceans for centuries for food supply, transportation, security, oil and gas resources, and many other reasons. The growing prospects of the oceans, such as access to marine genetic resources and seabed minerals, to generate renewable energy and as a potentially enhanced carbon sink, are contributing to increased interests to control and exploit the seas. At the same time, human pressure on the oceans, both from land- and atmospheric-based sources and at sea, as well as from climate change, has led to unprecedented levels of stress on the oceans. The concept of ocean governance has developed as a response to this. This chapter explores ocean governance from the interdisciplinary perspectives of law and human geography. We trace the development of ocean governance from first practices and legal concepts up to the emergence of contemporary ocean governance in recent decades and explore how it departs from traditional practices. Zonal and sectoral approaches, as well as their underlying norms, are discussed. We then take a more critical stance to shed light on the role neoliberalism plays in the forming of ocean governance and the effects this paradigm can have on governance outcomes. The cases of fisheries management and ocean grabbing illustrate some possible mechanisms and effects. In addition, the role of communities and indigenous people in ocean governance is discussed. Finally, the chapter addresses the shared or common concern surrounding the degradation of the marine environment, and the need for global and interdisciplinary cooperation in governing the oceans for mutual benefit.
Published: 2019
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41. Humans can efficiently look for but not select multiple visual objects

Author: Eduard Ort, Johannes J. Fahrenfort, Christian N. L. Olivers, Martin Eimer, Tuomas ten Cate, Brein en Cognitie (Psychologie, FMG), Cognitive Psychology, IBBA, Gold, Joshua I, and Luo, Huan
Subjects: Parallel processing (psychology), Male, Computer science, computer.software_genre, Bridge (nautical), psyc, neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Visual Objects, Feature (machine learning), Attention, attentional template, EEG, Biology (General), computer.programming_language, visual search, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Contrast (statistics), Brain, Electroencephalography, feature-based attention, General Medicine, Colored, Feature (computer vision), Visual Perception, Medicine, Female, multiple targets, Research Article, Human, Adult, QH301-705.5, Science, Machine learning, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bottleneck, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MVPA, Selection (linguistics), Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, human, Visual search, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Pattern recognition, Object (computer science), Artificial intelligence, business, computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Neuroscience
Abstract: Human observers have the remarkable ability to efficiently prioritize task-relevant over task-irrelevant visual information. Yet, a fundamental question remains whether this ability is limited to a single task relevant item, or whether multiple items can be prioritized simultaneously. The answer to this question depends on 1) whether observers can concurrently prepare and maintain multiple top-down templates for more than one target object, and 2) whether those templates can then, in parallel, bias selection towards more than one target in the visual input. Here we disentangle these two processes for the first time. We measured electroencephalographic (EEG) responses while observers searched for two color-defined targets among distractors. Crucially, we not only varied the number of target colors that observers anticipated (thus determining the number of target templates), but also the number of colors used to distinguish the two target objects present in the search display (thus determining the number of templates required to engage in actual selection). Multivariate classification of the EEG pattern allowed us to track the attentional enhancement of each target separately across time. Both behavioral and electrophysiological results revealed only a small cost associated with preparing two versus one color template. In contrast, substantial costs arose when two templates had to be engaged in the actual selection of search targets. Furthermore, the results indicate that this cost is based on limitations of parallel processing, rather than a serial bottleneck. These findings bridge currently diverging theoretical perspectives on capacity limitations of feature-based attention.
Published: 2019
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42. Author response: Humans can efficiently look for but not select multiple visual objects

Author: Johannes J. Fahrenfort, Eduard Ort, Tuomas ten Cate, Christian N. L. Olivers, and Martin Eimer
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Visual Objects, Computer vision, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, computer.programming_language
Published: 2019
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43. Probabilistic Risk Metrics for Navigating Occluded Intersections

Author: Stephen G. McGill, Igor Gilitschenski, Alyssa Pierson, Guy Rosman, Daniela Rus, Teddy Ort, Luke Fletcher, John J. Leonard, Sertac Karaman, Brandon Araki, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Control and Optimization, Computer science, Control (management), Biomedical Engineering, Advanced driver assistance systems, 02 engineering and technology, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Network topology, 01 natural sciences, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Intersection, Artificial Intelligence, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, Probabilistic logic, 0104 chemical sciences, Computer Science Applications, Variety (cybernetics), Human-Computer Interaction, Control and Systems Engineering, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract: Among traffic accidents in the USA, 23% of fatal and 32% of non-fatal incidents occurred at intersections. For driver assistance systems, intersection navigation remains a difficult problem that is critically important to increasing driver safety. In this letter, we examine how to navigate an unsignalized intersection safely under occlusions and faulty perception. We propose a real-time, probabilistic, risk assessment for parallel autonomy control applications for occluded intersection scenarios. The algorithms are implemented on real hardware and are deployed in a variety of turning and merging topologies. We show phenomena that establish go/no-go decisions, augment acceleration through an intersection and encourage nudging behaviors toward intersections., United States. Office of Naval Research (Grant N00014-18-1-2830)
Published: 2019

44. Multiple-dose clinical pharmacology of the selective orexin-1 receptor antagonist ACT-539313

Author: Rüdiger Kornberger, Priska Kaufmann, Jasper Dingemanse, Georg Golor, and Marion Ort
Subjects: Adult, Male, Hydrocortisone, Morpholines, Sedation, Placebo, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Double-Blind Method, Pharmacokinetics, Orexin Receptors, Humans, Medicine, Adverse effect, Biological Psychiatry, Pharmacology, Cross-Over Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Middle Aged, Crossover study, 030227 psychiatry, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, Anesthesia, Anxiety, Female, Orexin Receptor Antagonists, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Aims Compounds that selectively target orexin-1 receptors may be beneficial for the treatment of various disorders. The role of selective orexin-1 receptor antagonists (1-SORAs) in addictive behavior and stress/anxiety-related disturbances has been demonstrated in animals. ACT-539313, an orally active, potent 1-SORA, has been assessed in a clinical single-ascending dose study and exhibited good safety and tolerability. In the two reported studies on ACT-539313, multiple-dose pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), safety, and tolerability were investigated and in a proof-of-mechanism study a CO2 challenge was applied as pharmacological model for induction of anxiety and panic symptoms (sequential inhalation of air, 7.5% CO2, and 35% CO2). Methods Two double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multiple-dose studies included 58 healthy male and female subjects. In Study 1, multiple-ascending oral doses of 30, 100, and 200 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) ACT-539313 were investigated in 3 dose groups of 8 or 12 subjects (of whom 2 received placebo per dose group). Study 2 was conducted as a randomized two-way crossover design, enrolling 21 male and 9 female subjects who received 200 mg ACT-539313 or matching placebo b.i.d. for 2.5 days followed by a CO2 challenge, with a washout period in between. PK, PD (objective and subjective measures of sedation, alertness, effects on central nervous system (CNS), and anxiety/panic symptoms), safety, and tolerability were assessed. Results At steady state, ACT-539313 was rapidly absorbed with a median time to maximum plasma concentration of 1.8–2.3 h and eliminated with a mean half-life of 3.8–6.5 h. Overall exposure increased dose-proportionally. In Study 1, PD effects confirmed activity of ACT-539313 on the CNS, without consistent or marked effects of sedation, reduced alertness or visuo-motor impairment. In the CO2 challenge, cortisol concentrations were lower during initial air inhalation after treatment with ACT-539313 compared to placebo, while no difference was detected after CO2 inhalation. Trends for lower scores in subjective anxiety assessments were observed for ACT-539313. Besides reports of stress related to the challenge, the most frequently reported adverse events were somnolence and headache. No clinically relevant effects in other safety assessments were observed. Conclusions Multiple-dose administration of ACT-539313 was safe and well tolerated up to multiple doses of 200 mg b.i.d. The drug's PK properties as well as the pattern of a decrease in stress-related symptoms after the CO2 challenge support further investigations of ACT-539313.
Published: 2021
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45. Influence of the Cutting Edge Microgeometry on the Surface Integrity During Mechanical Surface Modification by Complementary Machining

Author: Frederik Zanger, Michael Gerstenmeyer, Volker Schulze, and Benjamin-Lars Ort
Subjects: Surface (mathematics), 0209 industrial biotechnology, Materials science, Cutting tool, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, Edge (geometry), Fatigue limit, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Machining, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Surface modification, Surface layer, ddc:620, Composite material, business, Engineering & allied operations, General Environmental Science, Surface integrity
Abstract: In metal production, mechanical surface modifications are used to optimize workpiece characteristics to improve properties such as fatigue strength. Machining and mechanical surface modification can be integrated in the process strategy Complementary Machining. After machining the cutting tool is used reversely acting as a tool for mechanical surface modification. This paper shows the influence of the cutting edge microgeometry on process forces and temperatures as well as process induced grain refinement in the surface layer during the mechanical surface modification of Armco-Iron and AISI 4140. The mechanical surface modification is simulated in a 3D-FEM-simulation with ABAQUS/Standard.
Published: 2017
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46. Recycling Carbon Dioxide during Xylose Fermentation by Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Author: Seung Oh Seo, Guo Chang Zhang, Yong Su Jin, Jingjing Liu, Suryang Kwak, Berkley J. Walker, Donald R. Ort, Shu-Guang Wang, Peng-Fei Xia, and Heejin Kim
Subjects: Glycerol, 0301 basic medicine, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Climate Change, Biomedical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Xylitol, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), Ribulosephosphates, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Xylose, Ethanol, Phosphoribulokinase, biology, business.industry, Rhodospirillum rubrum, General Medicine, Carbon Dioxide, biology.organism_classification, Pulp and paper industry, Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor), Glucose, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Biochemistry, Biofuel, Greenhouse gas, Fermentation, Carbon dioxide, Alternative energy, Genetic Engineering, business, Pyruvate Decarboxylase, Carbon, Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Abstract: Global climate change caused by the emission of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) is a grand challenge to humanity. To alleviate the trend, the consumption of fossil fuels needs to be largely reduced and alternative energy technologies capable of controlling GHG emissions are anticipated. In this study, we introduced a synthetic reductive pentose phosphate pathway (rPPP) into a xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain SR8 to achieve simultaneous lignocellulosic bioethanol production and carbon dioxide recycling. Specifically, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from Rhodospirillum rubrum and phosphoribulokinase from Spinacia oleracea were introduced into the SR8 strain. The resulting strain with the synthetic rPPP was able to exhibit a higher yield of ethanol and lower yields of byproducts (xylitol and glycerol) than a control strain. In addition, the reduced release of carbon dioxide by the engineered strain was observed during xylose fermentation, suggesting that the carbon dioxide generated by pyruvate decarboxylase was partially reassimilated through the synthetic rPPP. These results demonstrated that recycling of carbon dioxide from the ethanol fermentation pathway in yeast can be achieved during lignocellulosic bioethanol production through a synthetic carbon conservative metabolic pathway. This strategy has a great potential to alleviate GHG emissions during the production of second-generation ethanol.
Published: 2016
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47. Using wastewater-based epidemiology to estimate drug consumption—Statistical analyses and data presentation

Author: Jennifer A. Field, Christoph Ort, Jason Williams, Caleb J. Banta-Green, Dennis R. Helsel, and Alex J. Brewer
Subjects: Washington, Environmental Engineering, Operations research, Computer science, Wastewater, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Oregon, Data visualization, Statistical analyses, Statistics, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Illicit Drugs, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, Wastewater based epidemiology, Pollution, Summary statistics, 0104 chemical sciences, Epidemiologic Studies, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Population Surveillance, Data presentation, Drug consumption, Sewage treatment, business, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Analysis of wastewater samples can be used to assess population drug use, but reporting and statistical issues have limited the utility of the approach for epidemiology due to analytical results that are below the limit of quantification or detection. Unobserved or non-quantifiable-censored-data are common and likely to persist as the methodology is applied to more municipalities and a broader array of substances. We demonstrate the use of censored data techniques and account for measurement errors to explore distributions and annual estimates of the daily mean level of drugs excreted per capita.Daily 24-hour composite wastewater samples for 56days in 2009 were obtained using a random sample stratified by day of week and season for 19 municipalities in the Northwest region of the U.S.Methamphetamine, benzoylecgonine (cocaine metabolite), 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methadone, oxycodone and hydrocodone were identified and quantified in wastewater samples. Four statistical approaches (reporting censoring, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Kaplan-Meier estimates, or complete data calculations) were used to estimate an annual average, including confidence bounds where appropriate, dependent upon the amount of censoring in the data.The proportion of days within a year with censored data varied greatly by drug across the 19 municipalities, with MDMA varying the most (4% to 94% of observations censored). The different statistical approaches each needed to be used given the levels of censoring of measured drug concentrations. Figures incorporating confidence bounds allow visualization of the data that facilitates appropriate comparisons across municipalities.Results from wastewater sampling that are below detection or quantification limits contain important information and can be incorporated to create a more complete and valid estimate of drug excretion.
Published: 2016
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48. Reflection of Socioeconomic Changes in Wastewater: Licit and Illicit Drug Use Patterns

Author: Nikiforos A. Alygizakis, Pablo Gago-Ferrero, Viola L. Borova, Marilena E. Dasenaki, Christoph Ort, Niki C. Maragou, and Nikolaos S. Thomaidis
Subjects: Drug, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Substance-Related Disorders, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Wastewater, 010501 environmental sciences, Pharmacology, 01 natural sciences, Methamphetamine, Cocaine, Environmental health, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Illicit drug, Medicine, education, Socioeconomic status, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Psychotropic Drugs, education.field_of_study, Illicit Drugs, business.industry, General Chemistry, Substance Abuse Detection, business
Abstract: The economic crisis plaguing Greece was expected to impact consumption of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs - a priori to an unknown extent. We quantified the change of use for various classes of licit and illicit drugs by monitoring Athens' wastewater from 2010 to 2014. A high increase in the use of psychoactive drugs was detected between 2010 and 2014, especially for antipsychotics (35-fold), benzodiazepines (19-fold), and antidepressants (11-fold). This directly reflects the perceived increase of incidences associated with mental illnesses in the population, as a consequence of severe socioeconomic changes. Other therapeutic classes, like antiepileptics, hypertensives, and gastric and ulcer drugs also showed an increase in use (from 2-fold increase for antiepileptics to 13-fold for hypertensives). In contrast, the overall use of antibiotics and NSAIDs decreased. For mefenamic acid, an almost 28-fold decrease was observed. This finding is likely related to the reduction in drug expenditure applied in public health. A 2-fold increase of methamphetamine use was detected, associated with a cheap street drug called ″sisa″ (related to marginal conducts), which is a health concern. MDMA (5-fold) and methadone (7-fold) use showed also an increase, while cocaine and cannabis estimates did not show a clear trend.
Published: 2016
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49. A review of 15 years of Spartina management in the San Francisco Estuary

Author: Drew W. Kerr, Ingrid B. Hogle, Whitney J. Thornton, and Brian S. Ort
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, geography, Spartina, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, business.industry, Environmental resource management, Endangered species, Spartina foliosa, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, Native plant, biology.organism_classification, Spartina alterniflora, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Habitat, Salt marsh, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Regional, ecosystem-level conservation projects with significant vegetation management components require planning, coordination, and responsive management strategies to minimize negative impacts and maximize ecological benefits over time. The California State Coastal Conservancy’s Invasive Spartina Project (ISP) offers an example of a complex, ecosystem-scale weed eradication effort guided by regional conservation goals. We review the management framework developed by the ISP, describe decision thresholds used for site-specific management transitions over the project’s 15 years, and present strategies being used to address major challenges to project completion. These strategies include developing genetics and weed mapping approaches to aid with identification of hybrids between the introduced Spartina alterniflora and the native Spartina foliosa. The ISP also developed a tidal marsh restoration project to enhance habitat for an endangered bird, the California Ridgway’s rail (Rallus obsoletus obsoletus), that uses tall, dense forms of hybrid Spartina as high tide refugia and nesting substrate. By 2014, the ISP had installed over 300,000 native plants and recorded a greater than 96 % estuary-wide reduction in hybrid Spartina (from 323 ha to 12 net ha) despite treatment restrictions imposed at 11 sites since 2011 to protect the rail. Approximately 80 % of the remaining hybrid Spartina occurs in areas currently restricted from treatment, delaying project completion. The successes and setbacks of the ISP illustrate the complexities of achieving ecosystem-level conservation goals dependent on large-scale vegetation management.
Published: 2016
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50. Source does matter: Contextual effects on online media-embedded health campaigns against childhood obesity

Author: Anja Kalch, Guido Zurstiege, Alexander Ort, Stephan Zipfel, and Tino Meitz
Subjects: Persuasion, media_common.quotation_subject, 050801 communication & media studies, Context (language use), Digital media, Argumentation theory, 0508 media and communications, ddc:150, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), 0502 economics and business, Online media, Obesity, Psychology(all), Health communication, General Psychology, media_common, Contextualization, Media type, business.industry, Source credibility, 05 social sciences, Campaigning effects, Human-Computer Interaction, 050211 marketing, business, Psychology, Social psychology
Abstract: Provocative messages targeting childhood obesity are a central means to increase problem awareness. But what happens when different online media platforms take up the campaign, comment, re-contextualize, and evaluate it? Relating to preliminary findings of persuasion research, we postulate that source credibility perceptions vary across types of online media platforms and contextualization of the message. Individual characteristics, in particular weight-related factors, are assumed to influence message effects. A 3 (media type: blog, online news, Facebook)?×?2 (reinforcement versus impairment context) experimental design with students (N?=?749) aged between 13 and 18 years was conducted. Results show an interaction between media type and argumentation for affective self-perceptions of weight. Self-relevance varies based on different source credibility perceptions. Overall, campaign re-contextualization of provocative messages may result in negative persuasion effects and needs to be considered in campaign development. First systematic research on variations of online source credibility perceptions.Experimental study on online re-contextualization effects.Stratified sample for education levels of 700 secondary school students.Provocative campaigning takes the risk of boomerang effects.Media and argumentation-type affects affective self-perceptions of weight.
Published: 2016
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