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Purpose: To determine the prevalence of dry eye disease symptoms and contact lens wear in Mexican high school students. Methods: A cross-sectional association study included a group of high school students who were selected from a random sampling of classrooms. The authors used the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire as a surrogate measure for dry eye disease symptoms, and contact lens wear was also investigated. Results: Seven hundred fifty-nine students with a mean age of 16.12 ± 0.96 years were surveyed and 55.7% of the students were girls (423 of 759). The average OSDI score was 25.11 ± 20.61 points. Girls had higher scores (28.25 ± 21.48 points) than boys (21.14 ± 18.74 points), and the difference was statistically significant ( P < .001). Forty-three students (6.1%) wore contact lenses and had higher OSDI scores (34.26 ± 23.13 and 24.51 ± 20.31 points, respectively) and the difference was also statistically significant ( P = .002). Conclusions: Symptoms of mild and moderate dry eye disease are prevalent in high school students and, as reported in previous studies, girls are more affected than boys. [ J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus . 2021;58(5):287–291.]

We aimed to evaluate the characteristics and colonization by pathogenic microorganisms of the ocular surface in patients in a burn center and to determine their association with sedation, mechanical ventilation, and periocular burn. We prospectively evaluated 40 patients during an 8-mo period. Five evaluations where performed, at baseline and weekly on four more occasions or until hospital discharge or death. On each visit, we assessed periocular burn, lid position, Bell’s phenomenon, Schirmer’s test, presence of chemosis, conjunctival hyperemia, and exposure keratopathy; conjunctival fornix swabs were taken for microbiology culture. Also, we documented the level of sedation, mechanical ventilation status, and systemic and ocular treatment. Absent Bell’s phenomenon and chemosis were significantly different at baseline in patients under mechanical ventilation, sedation, and in those with a periocular burn. The cumulative incidence of exposure keratopathy was 22.5% and the cumulative incidence of ocular surface colonization by pathogenic microorganisms was 32.5%. Both outcomes were associated with mechanical ventilation and periocular burn. The most frequent pathogenic microorganisms on the ocular surface were Candida parapsilosis, Acinetobacter baumanii, and Pseudomonas aeuroginosa. We did not observe any case of a persistent epithelial defect, infectious keratitis, corneal perforation or corneal opacity in this cohort. Results from our study may benefit future patients by allowing better risk stratification and treatment strategies for the ocular surface care in burn units.

ResumenObjetivoDescribir los diferentes hallazgos presentados por el síndrome de displasia ectodérmica, ectrodactilia y paladar hendido y proporcionar información que ayude a conocer qué cambios están relacionados con la displasia en sí y cuáles son secundarios.Reporte de casoSe revisaron a una madre e hija con diagnóstico sistémico de síndrome de displasia ectodérmica, ectrodactilia y paladar hendido, ambas presentaron una ausencia de los orificios de salida de las glándulas de Meibomio, ojo seco severo de predominio evaporativo, y además la madre presenta un leucoma corneal central con neovascularización superficial.ConclusionesEl síndrome de displasia ectodérmica, ectrodactilia y paladar hendido puede causar vascularización corneal secundaria a alteraciones crónicas de la superficie ocular, secundaria a la ausencia de los orificios de las glándulas de Meibomio con la consecuente deficiencia de la capa lipídica en la película lagrimal, la cicatrización conjuntival progresiva y la insuficiencia de células límbicas, con afectación de la agudeza visual usualmente en la etapa adulta.AbstractObjectiveDescribe the different findings presented by the ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly and clefting syndrome and provide information to help you know what changes are related to the dysplasia itself and which are secondary.Case reportA mother and daughter with a diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly and clefting syndrome was reviewed, both showed an absence of the ducts of Meibomian glands with a predominantly evaporative dry eye. In addition, the mother has a central leucoma with superficial vascularization.ConclusionsEctodermal dysplasia, ectrodactyly and clefting syndrome can cause corneal vascularization secondary to chronic alterations of the ocular surface associated to absence of Meibomian gland orifices with tear film lipid layer deficiency, cicatricial conjuntivitis, and limbal stem cell deficiency; causing decreased visual acuity in early adulthood.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effects of oral antivirals in reducing the frequency of recurrence of HSV keratitis. Our main objective is to evaluate the prophylactic effect of oral antivirals on HSV deeper corneal involvement (i.e., necrotizing and non‐necrotizing stromal keratitis, endotheliitis, and iritis) because of its implications for visual impairment.

To assess the repeatability and comparability of six anterior segment biometry parameters obtained with a novel Scheimpflug camera with a Placido disc topographer (Sirius) and slit-scanning tomography with a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam), in a sample of 16 unoperated eyes of healthy subjects. The anterior segment was analyzed by a single examiner using the Sirius and the Pentacam analyzers. Mean simulated keratometry (Sim K), flat and steep axis keratometry (K f and K s ), central and thinnest corneal thicknesses (CCT and TCT), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements were evaluated. Repeatability of three sets of measurements from each device was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CV), within-subject standard deviation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Bonferroni-adjusted t-tests, and Bland and Altman plots were used to establish agreement between devices. For both devices the CV of repeated measurements was 0.95 in all measurements except for Sirius K s (ICC = 0.869). For all parameters evaluated, the Pentacam systematically yielded higher values, although differences were statistically significant in only three parameters—0.31 diopters for K s , 10.1 μm for CCT and 12.4 μm for TCT. In the assessment of normal corneas both devices showed overall high repeatability. Although good agreement was found in three parameters (Sim K, K f and ACD) these devices do not seem to be interchangeable for pachymetric determination.

PURPOSE: To study the outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS: Retrospective review of 72 eyes of 41 patients (age, 17-69 years at the time of surgery) with chronic GVHD after HSCT, who underwent cataract surgery between 2008 and 2012 at the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W. K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan. Ophthalmic data collected included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), responses to Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, dry eye severity, and postoperative complications. RESULTS: BCVA improved from 20/49 to 20/25 (P < 0.0001) after surgery. Eight patients (20%) had pretransplantation total body irradiation and 39 patients (95%) received systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of GVHD. Postoperative complications included cystoid macular edema (4 eyes), corneal ulceration with perforation (2 eyes: 1 infected and 1 sterile), and band keratopathy (1 eye). After surgery, subjective OSDI responses and dry eye disease (DED) did not change significantly from before cataract surgery, although OSDI showed a trend toward worsening. CONCLUSIONS: With careful monitoring and management of DED and concurrent ocular surface disease, cataract surgery generally has good visual outcomes in patients with GVHD. However, aggravation of the preexisting ocular surface disease is frequent, and despite meticulous postoperative maintenance therapy, vision-threatening complications may occur.

We report the case of a 32-year-old male with spontaneous crystalline lens dislocation into the anterior chamber with corneal touch and increased intraocular pressure. The case was handled in a conservative way: before bringing the patient to supine position, pharmacological pupil dilation with tropicamide plus phenylephrine was performed. One drop was instilled every 15 min for 1 hour. Once the posterior displacement of the lens behind the iris was confirmed, 2 % pilocarpine was used to reverse pupil dilation. The patient remained on topical 2 % pilocarpine and 5 % sodium chloride solution.